ABSTRACT IMPACT: The Summer Foundation on Research gave undergraduate students the opportunity to do research despite the new normal - COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The COVID-19 pandemic prevented domestic and international undergraduate students from attending in-person Mayo Clinic Summer Undergraduate Research Programs. Mayo decided to redesign this program as a virtual, 4-week Summer Foundations in Research (SFIR) program. The goal of this program was to give students a scientific research experience. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: The SFIR included an Introduction to Experimental Design, Dialogue methodology for communicating science, scientific mentoring, asynchronous online modules and a Resiliency component. Evaluations of the program were undertaken to gather feedback for program improvement and to assess the educational and mental health impact on participants. These evaluations asked student to rate each section of the program. Additionally, students were encouraged to provide their own comments and feedback. Statistical analysis of quantitative data was performed using excel. The qualitative data was studied using the identification, analysis and interpretation of patterns method per the student’s comments on each of the questions addressed in the survey. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: These evaluations revealed positive outcomes across program components: 66% of the participants found the Resiliency component extremely worthwhile, 80% of participants liked the experimental design and 70% liked the educational courses. Qualitative data showed that mentor/mentee interactions were highly valued, and both participants and faculty suggested increasing the amount of time devoted to these interactions. Small group discussions gave students the opportunity to get to know other peers and encouraged further discussions about science and the community. Participants suggested minor improvements to the program, such as re-creating the online modules specific for undergraduate students, increasing 1-to-1 and small group’s discussion, and increasing the length of the program. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Despite the quick pivot of the SFIR program, the re-design and new format supported the development of participants’ resilience skills and training as future scientists during a particularly challenging time. Mayo is committed to continuing this program as an early step in a pathway to careers in research.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: We plan to measure the impact of integrating 3D printed models in the planning process of endovascular procedures with the goal of making a case for using this resource more often. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: To measure the impact of using 3D printed models of patient specific anatomy for pre-procedure planning and as an intra-procedure reference. Impact will be measured by: a. Radiation exposure ; b. Contrast dosage; c. Fluoroscopy time; d. Time to procedural completion; e. ‘Attempts at access,’ when applicable to the procedure METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Retrospective data will be collected on every patient that received one of prostate artery embolism, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt placement, or endovascular stent repair in the 3 years prior to the first prospective case. An attempt will be made to create a procedure planning model for every patient that receives one of the three procedures of interest in the 5 months following the first prospective case and those that have a model included in their procedure planning process will be included as part of the experimental group. We anticipate this to not include every patient as there will need to be adequate time between the scheduling of the procedure and the procedure start time to be able to create a 3D model. This will make it impossible to include every patient. Our first prospective case was 11/12/20. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: At the time of submission we have very limited data and cannot confidently make a statement regarding results. We anticipate to measure a reduced time to procedural completion, and as a result, decreased radiation exposure, decreased contrast dosage, and decreased fluoroscopy time in the cases that included a 3D printed model in the planning of the procedures when compared to the procedures that did not include a model. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Few hospitals are using 3D printing as a regular tool that physicians can access as a part of their procedure preparation. If we are able to measure a significant impact on the efficiency and safety of procedures in interventional radiology, a much more robust argument can be made for including this technique in procedure planning with regularity.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: o The Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute K-12 STEM Outreach Program’s pivoted to a virtual program in summer 2020 which yielded novel approaches that could be retained in future years to extend the reach/impact of our pipeline program. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: o Provide students with a meaningful and safe research experience during the COVID Pandemic. o Develop new modules and approaches that could be delivered virtually. o Engage students from communities that were not possible in previous years when in person meetings were required. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: o The program has historically supported over 100 high school students per year in a summer research internship for the last 5 years. Students are placed with academic research mentors in various Schools and Departments across the IUPUI campus, and also with industry laboratories. o COVID-related restrictions required development of 100% virtual program. Key aspects of the virtual program included: cohort-based research mentor assignments with 1-4 mentees matched per research mentor, research projects that could be conducted virtually, heavy engagement of high-school teachers to facilitate the research experience with cohorts of mentees, a more rigorous virtual seminar series that included new modules such as COVID-specific programming and thus enhancing public education about COVID. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: o The program served 130 students in summer 2020. o We were able to recruit new faculty and industry mentors involved in data science research. As a result, we have now increased our mentor pool to serve more students in the future. o Because student participation was virtual, we were able to accept students from further distances (up to 120 miles away) across the state. We were also able to accept local economically disadvantaged students that may have not been able to participate because of lack of reliable transportation. o A positive unanticipated outcome was that mentees relationships with the mentors was established virtually thus increasing the potential for students to remain engaged in their research. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: o Adapting to a virtual platform provided research experience to high school students during a time when traditional approaches were not possible. Given some research experiences do not require in-person activities, this newly established model could be used moving forward to allow more statewide engagement in research experiences.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: Partnering with academic offices to promote peer-mentoring in a virtual format is feasible, novel, and well-received across a major academic campus. Particularly during a pandemic, the success of this programmatic effort highlights the continued need for peer-to-peer support. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: To identify feasibility and key lessons learned from the planning and implementation of a virtual, interdisciplinary group peer-mentoring series, implemented broadly across an academic medical center in New York City. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: ASPIRE! (Accountability & Safe-Space to Promote, Inspire, Recharge, & Empower one another!) is a group of seven interdisciplinary mid-career academic women faculty, who began collaborations as CTSA KL2 scholars. Our mission is to support interdisciplinary peer coaching for advancement of gender and racial equity among academic faculty and leaders. We designed and implemented a series of virtual symposia focused on essential struggles for clinicians and investigators at during the COVID-19 pandemic. Partnering with Columbia’s CTSA, Office for Women and Diverse Faculty, and Office for Research, we invited leaders in psychiatry/psychology, early childhood education, organization/team management, and academic advancement as keynote speakers and facilitated peer-mentoring virtual breakouts. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: These efforts resulted in the completion of four separate 1.5-hour symposia, each with keynote speakers, discussions with academic leaders, and 30-minute breakout peer-mentoring sessions. Session topics included Calibrating Expectations, Helping Families Thrive, Managing Remote Teams, and Faces and Phases of Stress. Enrollment ranged from 30 to 70 participants per session. Participants reported: (1) Keynotes focused on actionable solutions stimulated the most productive conversations; (2) Peers from different disciplines and career stages provided a range of actionable recommendations tested within local contexts; (3) The greatest learning came from the peer-to-peer breakout group sessions. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Partnering with academic offices to promote interdisciplinary, peer-mentoring in a virtual format is feasible, novel, and can be well-received across a major academic campus during the COVID-19 pandemic. The success of this programmatic effort highlights the continued need for expanded peer-to-peer support in academia.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: The Independent Investigator Incubator program provides 1:1 mentoring from ‘super-mentors’ to enhance junior faculty careers in research. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: In 2014, the Indiana University School of Medicine (IUSM) in collaboration with the Indiana CTSI established the Independent Investigator Incubator (I3) Program. The I3 Program is designed to provide 1:1 mentoring for new research faculty during the crucial early years of their careers. Our goal is to provide an overview of the I3 design and 5-year data. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: The I3 Program employs a resource-sharing, centralized design that provides concentrated 1:1 mentorship from a senior faculty ‘super mentor’ as well as other resources, such as grant writing support. Unlike many mentorship programs, I3 mentors closely interact with the mentees within the School and are compensated for their efforts (5% full-time equivalency per mentee, max of 15%). The number of ‘super mentors’ has grown from 6 to 15 faculty over 5 years, and mentors typically serve 4 to 5 mentees. Mentee applications are accepted on a rolling enrollment basis. The I3 mentees represent a diverse group based on sex, ethnicity, terminal degree, academic track, and discipline. Mentors and mentees have annual reviews through the program. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: In five years, 110 mentees have enrolled in the I3 program. Upon entering, 53% had no external funding, 28% had internal funding, 12% had K-awards, 7% had R03/R21 awards. Over the first five years, 75% have received extramural funding. The median funding was $340,000 with nearly a third of mentees securing grants > 1 million in direct costs. For mentees who joined the program in its first three years (n=59), the average time to a notable extramural grant (defined as a NIH or foundation grant >$300K direct costs) was 2.2 years (median - 2.6 years). Nearly all mentees were satisfied with their mentor pairing based on the mentor’s ‘availability’ and ‘valuable feedback,’ and all mentees wanted the mentoring relationship to continue DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Since 2014, the I3 Program has had a positive impact on the careers of junior faculty at IUSM as determined by faculty satisfaction and funding metrics. Future focus areas will include developing criteria/models for graduating from the program to balance fiscal sustainability with mentee needs during their transition to mid-career.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: This real-world study of what students value in crisis leadership fills an important gap in the literature and may inform future leadership development programs in undergraduate medical education. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Leadership training is of growing importance and prevalence in medical education. The COVID-19 pandemic provides a unique insight into the qualities students value in leaders. Our qualitative study examined these leadership themes and provides a grounding for future development of leadership programs. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: A conventional qualitative approach was used in order to allow open expression of ideas related to leadership in a pandemic. The authors developed a 5 free-text question survey instrument aimed to uncover student perceptions of leadership both during the current pandemic and in crises in general. A participant pilot was performed in order to ensure readability and ease of understanding. We used thematic analysis to examine the content of the survey responses, and inductive coding of the responses allowed identification of emerging themes. Medical students at the University of Michigan were surveyed. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: In total, 162 students completed the survey. The demographic characteristics of participants are shown in Table 1. Median age was 25 years old (range, 22-39). There was good representation from the 4 classes in the medical school with 20-30% from each medical school class and 5% of dual degree students. Thematic analysis demonstrated that students value personal characteristics of excellence in their leaders with an orientation towards helping other people. Students believe that leaders must know how to interpret and use information and then that these leaders must be able to communicate expertly to guide organizations. The final theme that emerged is that effective leaders must commit to decisive action. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: This study took place at a time of unprecedented crises and response examples were grounded in this real-world practice of leadership. These results and themes that emerged fill a critical gap and may facilitate future curriculum development for medical students and trainees.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: This work demonstrates the integration of interactive mindfulness and dialogue sessions in curricula is both desired by students and effective in conferring resilience, a protective factor that may aid in maintaining wellbeing of trainees interested in pursuing graduate studies in biomedical research and science. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: To support student futures in the field of biomedicine, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biological Sciences utilized digital platforms to deliver a summer research program in the summer of 2020. One goal of this program, in addition to scholastic outcomes and research experience, was to support and improve the wellbeing of college student participants. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Following the cancellation of in-person summer research programs, students were invited to attend a digital Summer Foundations in Research program. The 4-week program included 4 small group dialogue sessions led by trained facilitators and 4 large group mindfulness seminars followed with 3 Q/A style small group sessions. Surveys were delivered on days 1, 27, and 3 months following the program. Wellbeing measures included Brief Resilience, Perceived Stress, and Satisfaction with Life Scales. Students were prompted to indicate how worthwhile they found course components and comment on why they rated each component the way they did. Wellbeing results were assessed using paired t-tests with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. Thematic analysis was used to interpret qualitative results. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Students improved across all wellbeing measures at the program conclusion, including resilience (mean difference(SE) pre- to post-program +0.22(0.06) p=0.0007), perceived stress (-1.71(0.66) p=0.0116), and life satisfaction (+1.57(0.52) p=0.0037). Gains in resilience were maintained 3 months out (pre-program to 3 month survey +0.28(0.06) p<0.0001). To our surprise, mindfulness was the highest rated component of the research program with 85% (121/142) of students rating the mindfulness component ‘extremely’ or ‘quite worthwhile.’ At 3 months, 81% (74/91) reported continued use of one or more skills learned in the mindfulness sessions. Student comments endorsed the perceived importance of interactive mindfulness and dialogue sessions to the program and to careers in biomedical science and research. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Our results support the use of interactive mindfulness and dialogue programming as a participant supported, evidence-based approach to strengthen the resilience of undergraduate students pursuing careers in biomedicine. In the future, booster programming may be considered to maintain improvements in perceived stress and life satisfaction.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: The Hispanic Alliance for Clinical and Translational Research Professional Development Core (PDC) will contribute to the improvement of the health of an increasing US Hispanic population, by supporting and training a new cadre of Hispanic/Latino CTR researchers and community leaders that understand this population’s prevalent health needs. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: To use the Professional Development Core (PDC) of the Hispanic Alliance for Clinical and Translational Research (Alliance) as a hub that coordinates training, mentoring programs, and grant support to address the need for more underrepresented minorities (URM) in clinical and translational research and mentoring. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: PDC will: (1). Coordinate and offer an effective educational program based for new and mid-career researchers to address the gaps in research competencies on Hispanic/Latino health and healthcare through web-based asynchronous distance training, enhanced with face-to-face interactions. (2). Establish a robust mentoring program to address the mentoring gap for URM faculty by developing mentorship skills of faculty and researchers through a variety of resources, and offering protected time to mentor-mentee teams. (3). Design and implement a tailor-made curriculum to train scientists and community partners jointly, enabling them to carry out multidisciplinary research responsive to the Hispanic/Latino community health’s needs. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: From 2010 to 2019 the PDC supported over 1,000 researchers and faculty and provided 52 activities over the 9 years. PDC-supported researchers submitted 56 proposals and 21 grants (37.5.%) were awarded, for a total of $2, 225,751.00, and to published 94 peer-review papers. We expect that through Alliance PDC will sponsor at least 20 new trainees/mentees in Clinical and Translational Research (CTR), 20 new certified mentors, a continuous support program, and an increase of 30% in the scientific productivity (e.g., grants submission and peer-reviewed publications) of the Hispanic CTRs in Puerto Rico and the establishment of long-term links with the Hispanic community in Puerto Rico and across the United States to address its health needs. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: The PDC programs are significant in addressing the need for qualified researchers and mentors that understand, have the know-how, and are interested in addressing the health needs of a growing USA Hispanic medically underserved population.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: A comparative evaluation of the mechanical properties of commonly used posterior spinal fusion assemblies will allow surgeons to choose an assembly based on desired properties. The results will better inform surgical decision making and may lead to improved patient outcomes. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the mechanical properties of three posterior spinal fusion assemblies commonly used to cross the cervicothoracic junction. Fusion success depends on immobilization of vertebrae. The results will better inform surgical decision making and may improve patient outcomes. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Three titanium alloy posterior spinal fusion assemblies intended to cross the cervicothoracic junction underwent static compressive bending, tensile bending, and torsion as described in ASTM F1717 to a torque of 2.5 Nm: 3.5mm rods (Assembly A), 3.5mm to 5.5mm dilating rods (Assembly B), and two 3.5mm rods connected to two 5.5mm rods (Assembly C). Five samples of each assembly were attached to ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene blocks via multiaxial screws for testing. The distance from the axis of rotation to the point of attachment of the rod and cervical screw was used as the lever arm to calculate the force required to create the desired torque for each test: lever arm of 37mm, requiring 67.6N of force to generate 2.5Nm of torque. Force and displacement were recorded, and stiffness of each construct calculated. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: An ANOVA was performed and resulted in p-values all p<0.005, indicating the test groups were significantly different. Therefore, pairwise t-tests with Bonferroni corrections (p<0.017) were used to determine pairs that were significantly different. Assembly A (3.5mm rods only) was found to be significantly less stiff than Assembly B (dilating rods) and Assembly C (3.5mm-connector-5.5mm rods) in each mode of bending: compression bending, tension bending, and torsion. Assembly A had a significantly greater range of motion in compression bending and torsion, but not tension bending, when compared to Assembly B and Assembly C. The only significant difference between Assembly B and Assembly C was found in the stiffness value of compression bending. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: The results of this study indicate that incorporating a 5.5mm rod in a fusion assembly adds significant stiffness to the posterior spinal fusion construct. When stability of a fusion is of heightened concern, as demonstrated by the ASTM F1717 vertebectomy (worst case scenario) model, including 5.5mm rods increases the likelihood of fusion success.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: Access to intracranial recording in our epileptic sample provides a unique opportunity to characterize neurological activation patterns associated with attention and implicit learning; this foundational physiological understanding will serve to better guide cognitive rehabilitation techniques in TBI patients that aim to improve functioning across these cognitive domains. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: 1) Investigate the network level interactions of attention and learning during an attention network task (ANT) and an implicit learning contextual cueing (CC) task. 2) Assess the effect that attention rehabilitation strategies have on behavioral and neural responses pre/post-attentional intervention. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: This study involves refractory epilepsy patients (rEP) with implanted intracranial electrodes and moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (m/sTBI) survivors. In rEP, we are identifying network level modulations of cortical regions via the ANT, which probes components of attention (alerting, orienting, and executive control) and a CC task that probes implicit learning. We hypothesize that modulation of attention and learning can be seen at the neuronal level. In TBI we will assess improvement following two behavioral attention rehabilitation paradigms; and use our results from epileptic patients to guide measurement of treatment-related neuroplastic change via scalp electroencephalography. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Preliminary behavioral results from the rEP cohort are in line with previous studies and the intracranial data is suggestive of region- and task-specific modulations in memory and attention related systems. Following completion of recruitment, we expect to more concretely identify regions and networks that exhibit modulatory effects associated with attention and implicit learning. Additionally, we anticipate that deficits in attention will be mitigated following training and hypothesize that implicit learning rate will improve in TBI patients as a result of both attentional rehabilitation paradigms. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Characterizing intracranial activity in epilepsy patients will give electrophysiology data unattainable in TBI patients. This intracranial perspective will enable us to propose mechanisms of action that may result from our interventions and enable critique of current rehabilitation treatments.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: Future exercise interventions for people with mobility disability should be tailored to the level of the individual and responsive to intervention adherence. A promising area of research is the use of adaptive interventions as a mechanism for tailoring and 'titrating’ the intervention based on data obtained during early intervention stages. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The purpose of the study was to understand adherence to a home-based exercise trial delivered to people with a mobility disability. The objective was to develop a multi-dimensional model for engaging and retaining participants not adhering to an exercise trial by using a grounded theory approach involving both qualitative and quantitative data. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: An exercise trial utilized telehealth technology to deliver a home-based exercise intervention for adults with a mobility disability. In order to understand factors of adherence to the exercise trial, a mixed methods study design was used involving baseline data and semi-structured interviews. Maximum variation sampling was used to select participants based on level of adherence, gender, race, and functional level. Categorization based on adherence to exercise videos during the first 12 weeks of the intervention included 3 groups: 1) high adherence (≥80% weekly median exercise video minutes viewed), 2) sub-optimal adherence (< 80% but ≥20%), and 3) low adherence (< 20%). Interviews were conducted with 10 participants in each group (n = 30) and data were analyzed using a grounded theory approach. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: A sample of 30 participants from a large pragmatic, home-based exercise trail have completed interviews. All interviews were transcribed and uploaded to NVivo software for coding. Emerging codes include lack of time to exercise, inappropriate exercise intensity, and lack of support for exercise. Using grounded theory approach, results include: 1) identifying risk factors for low adherence to a home-based exercise program delivered to people with mobility disability, 2) discovering themes for not responding to program activities in a home-based exercise program for adults with physical disabilities, and 3) determining the relationships between variables that emerge from thematic and statistical analyses. A model for adherence to home exercises among people with mobility disability will be presented. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: People with a mobility disability are more susceptible to adopting sedentary lifestyles, which result in poor psychosocial and physical health outcomes. There is a clear and pressing need for designing future home-based exercise interventions with a greater level of customization for participants who have low to non-adherence.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: This work highlighs the significant burden of Trauma in Nigeria and will help inform policy decisions on improving Nigeri’s current Trauma care system OBJECTIVES/GOALS: To evaluate trauma care delivery at the pre-hospital, hospital and health systems level in Nigeria in order to identify the burden of trauma, gaps in the delivery of trauma care, and interventions, implemented or recommended, to improve upon the limitations to trauma care delivery. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: A two-concept search - one being trauma and the other being Nigeria - of the Pubmed (Medline) and Embase databases, in addition to Global Index Medicus and grey literature was performed between September 2018 and September 2019. The search yielded 3,970 articles that underwent title screening and 331 articles that underwent abstract screening. 101 articles were identified for full text screening and the majority were extracted for inclusion into the review. The extracted literature was grouped into 4 categories - articles outlining the burden of trauma in Nigeria, and articles outlining the delivery of trauma care at the pre-hospital, hospital and health systems level. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Results were classified as an identified challenge or an intervention, recommended or implemented, to address Nigeria’s trauma care system. There was a highlighted need for pre-hospital infrastructure, training of frontline providers, continued competency assessments of frontline providers, in-hospital diagnostic resources, and trauma care surveillance systems to guide health policy. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: There is a significant burden of trauma in Nigeria. Coordinated interventions and policies at the pre-hospital level, the hospital level, as well as the health systems level are needed in order to address the gaps in Nigeria’s current trauma care system.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: This work will help assess the effectiveness of the mentored career development programs. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: There is increased attention on assessing the impact of the CTSA in building a research workforce through mentored career development programs. We propose using data visualization to assess and communicate the impact of the programs on the scholars career development. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Evaluators from two CTSAs collaborated to visualize the KL2 data such as demographics, scholarly productivity (publications, grants, intellectual property), and time to promotion that is already tracked through REDCap at their institutions. Excel, Tableau, and Microsoft PowerBi were then used to generate trends in scholarly productivity over time. The goal was to compare how different tools can be used to visualize bibliometric data, based on what is available at the respective institutions. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Longitudinal visual summary reports were produced for the entire program as well individual scholar progress. These reports can be used to identify trends such as how long after program completion do participants achieve their next milestone, what type of milestones are achieved, when in their career is their scholarly productivity the highest, etc. Answers to these questions could tell a story of the effectiveness of a mentored development program in the participants’ career. It can also highlight gaps and areas of opportunities that the program must address, either by adapting their curriculum or clarifying their intended outcomes. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Data visualization provides better understanding of the impact of the training programs on the scholars career development. Such insights are otherwise missing when evaluations are only focused on the percentage of scholars who were still engaged in research after completion of the program.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: Practical evaluation approaches using case studies and success stories present a chain of evidence to demonstrate to stakeholders that resources are being used as required and producing desired results and effectively document the impact of clinical and translational research. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: This project describes the overall evaluation plan of the Miami CTSI by combining the Translational Sciences Benefits Model (TSBM) and the Kirkpatrick Model to evaluate scientific outcomes and impact of CTSI-supported research, and education and training programs developed by the CTSI. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Using case studies, the TSBM framework will be applied to CTSI-supported projects to evaluate scientific outcomes and impact on domains that include: clinical and medical; community and public health; economic; legislative and policy. We will apply the framework to projects that have received funding through CTSI’s Pilot and Translational Studies and Mentored Translational Scholars KL2 Programs, and that have at least one publication. Application of the Kirkpatrick model will be demonstrated by using the four levels of evaluation - reaction, learning, behavior, and results - to assess training outcomes and impact of the KL2 and the I-Corps Programs. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: About 20 pilot projects and 8 KL2 research projects will be assessed using the TSBM framework. We anticipate that all projects will show potential or demonstrated benefits in at least two of the four domains of the model. KL2 Program evaluation was conducted by collecting data on all the four levels of the Kirkpatrick model. Reaction and learning were assessed through feedback from KL2 scholars. Behavior was assessed using semi-annual updates on research and training progress of the scholars and the program. Results were measured using indicators such as program graduates that continue to engage in clinical and translational research and their transition to research independence. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Our evaluation approach using the two models is well aligned with overall CTSI aims and its three focus areas - infrastructure, education and culturalization/community engagement and will allow us to conduct a comprehensive yet practical evaluation of Miami CTSI programs.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: Recommendations for increasing trainee productivity will be highlighted. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Using a combination of qualitative (interview) and quantitative (publications tracking) data, we undertook to describe the hurdles and concerns impeding academic accomplishments among T and K awardees at one CTSA hub and to examine whether hurdles at 6 months would predict academic output within one year following completion of the training program. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 29 trainees (28 TL1 and 8 KL2) 6 months into their training. Interview transcripts were analyzed using Atlas.ti to identify hurdles (factors that had already impeded research progress) and concerns (future challenges anticipated by the trainee). PubMed searches yielded the number of publications within one year of exiting the training program. Frequencies of hurdles and concerns were examined to characterize the factors most likely to impact trainee progress during the first 6 months of their training program. Among 18 trainees who had completed their training, the mean number of publications within one year of exiting the program (identified via verified PubMed searches) was compared across the total number of hurdles reported at 6 months (range = 0 to 3). RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The thematic analysis yielded 19 categories of hurdles and 14 categories of concerns. The top three hurdles were technological challenges (e.g., issues with equipment or data reduction; reported by 63% of trainees), professional competing responsibilities (40%), and navigating collaborations (30%). The top three concerns were future funding (33%), potential as an independent researcher (27%), and institutional context (e.g., departmental structure; 23%). The number of hurdles reported at 6 months significantly predicted number of publications one year post-exit (F (3,14) = 3.14, p < .05). Trainees reporting zero hurdles generated a mean of 8.67 publications; those with 3 hurdles generated a mean of 2.4 publications. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Future concerns were completely different from past hurdles, suggesting that the issues impeding research progress are not anticipated. Results suggest trainees would benefit from training related to how to balance competing professional responsibilities and navigate collaborations and that early attention to hurdles may enhance productivity.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: This effort will ultimately improve both human and community health and translational science by showing the impact of CTR services on different types of projects that meet overall CTR missions and aims. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: CTRs seek to advance translational research to generate clinical, healthcare delivery, policy and community benefits. We conducted retrospective case studies for selected funded Pilot Projects for the Great Plains IDeA-CTR, focusing on facilitators and barriers to research translation and contrasting community-engaged and other proposals. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We analyzed 8 CTR-funded projects (4 community-engaged (CE) projects and 4 other pilot awards) focusing on outcome domains of the Translational Science Benefits Model (TSBM): Clinical, Economic, Policy and Community Benefits as endpoints of successful research translation. We adapted an existing TSBM case study template for use with data required by NIH/NGIMS to map progress toward one or more TSBM outcomes. Using email, we posed three brief open-ended questions to investigators: 1) challenges/ barriers for the project; 2) how the CTR helped move research along and (how it could have moved it further); and 3) how research is progressing and how it could progress further. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: All investigators reported the CTR advanced their project. Non-CE projects appeared to have a more straightforward trajectory, with 2 investigators reporting no challenges and 2 reporting solely institution-internal ones. In contrast, the 4 CE projects reported both benefit from the engagement of the CTR (most prominently the efforts of the community advisory board (CAB) and community liaisons). Yet, they also reported some challenges beyond the CTR’s ability to address, including delays in securing community buy-in and community buy-in of the investigator’s research approach. Some barriers appeared beyond the CTR’s current immediate ability to provide support to advance the project. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Findings contribute to efficient approaches for retrospective case studies and emerging information on challenges and opportunities for CE projects. The study will help identify: 1) intermediate milestones and timelines for different projects; 2) advance data for TBSM endpoints; and 3) CTR activities that leverage the translational process.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: This work has begun to provide the foundation for better ensuring that translational research funded and supported by our IDeA-CTR grant is more directly addressing community- and stakeholder-authored health priorities. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: In order to effectively engage diverse, societal perspectives, we aimed to determine the relevance and feasibility of purposefully aligning translational research with health priorities adopted by the RI Department of Health, health-focused organizations, and community leaders. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Individuals from 27 community organizations in RI were asked, ‘What are your health related goals for your community’ and submitted responses online for 2 weeks. Participants generated 71 goals which they sorted into meaningful clusters and rated for importance and feasibility. Clusters were contrasted with RI health priorities to gauge alignment and saturation. In the next phase of this project, researchers and service users funded by Advance-CTR will be asked in routinely administered surveys how their current work may align with RI health goals and whether their future work can feasibly be connected to those priorities. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Using Group Concept Mapping software, the 71 health goals identified by community organization representatives were fit into an 8-cluster model. Results suggested highest importance placed on Accessible & Healthy Housing (M=4.12, SD=0.29), Community (M=4.08, SD=0.28), Youth (M=4.04, SD=0.49) and Mental Health (M=4.03, SD=0.46). State agency priorities were found to overlap substantially with clusters defined by community leaders. We expect researchers will rate clusters differently, and find some community-endorsed health goals more relevant to their work than others. Perceived feasibility of tailoring future research to state health goals is expected to vary widely by item and researcher. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: We intend to: 1) facilitate discussions about successes and challenges of translating community-authored priorities into research, and 2) foster better understanding between researchers and the communities they aim to serve on the role of CTR for addressing health challenges in the state.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: The goal of this evaluation study is to enhance the ability of the External Review Board to advise the CTSA at UTMB how to improve translational science activities. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the work of the External Review Board (EAB) for the Institute for Translational Sciences/CTSA at the University of Texas Medical Branch-Galveston. This evaluation is conducted through the perceptions of professional and community board members. The outcome consists of an inventory of best practices. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We collected data by means of semi-structured interviews with all eight member of the EAB. The interviews were conducted via telephone, lasted approximately 30 minutes each, and were audio-recorded with respondents’ permission. Respondents’ identities were held in confidence. The IRB at UTMB reviewed our study. The interviews were transcribed. The data were analyzed by means of an inductively-oriented, grounded theory approach (Charmaz, 2006). Emergent themes led to the formation of a series of best practices. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Common concerns included the need for more extensive training for new members; circulation of the agenda before the meeting; and the value of more structured main leadership. The members generally agreed that the breakout groups were valuable because they encouraged them to engage in hands-on responses to practical problems. One of the key epistemological findings was the consensus view that the evaluation of the EAB should be an ongoing project, as opposed to a yearly task. This serious approach to evaluation would be conducive to a process analysis of the EAB, since medical, social, economic, and cultural conditions surrounding and influencing translational science are generally in flux (e.g., the COVID-19 pandemic and the various stages in the CTSA grant). Overall, the EAB experience was quite positive for them. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: The strongest sentiment expressed in the interviews was that the CTSA at UTMB should focus and build on its strength--the science of team science--as opposed to any concerted search for weaknesses that the term “evaluation” occasionally implies.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: This paper reveals the myriad techniques that CTSA hubs use to support, promote and expand team science including many ways to involve the community, students, scholars and other multidisciplinary scientists. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The Great CTSA Team Science Contest (GTSC) was developed in the NCATS Workgroup on Institutional Readiness for Team Science to collect stories describing the many ways hubs were promoting and supporting team science across the CTSA consortium. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Our qualitative data analysis examined the different designs from a high level - namely we categorized how many of the stories were competitions for pilot funding, training programs on team science competencies, communication skills training, workshops for educating community collaborators about research and/or training investigators about community-based research, advancing promotion and tenure for team science, etc. We discuss specific examples of different designs and who they were intended to benefit. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Launched in July 2018, the contest received 170 submissions from 45 unique CTSA hubs. Qualitative analysis addressed the following questions about team science: 1) Who or what group championed it? 2) Who benefitted or who were the intended recipients? 3) What was the desired outcome? (e.g. team science skills, communication skills, getting the community involved, fostering new collaborations, expanding capacity for team science, etc.) 4) What method(s) did they use? 5) What translational science stage was addressed? DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: This analysis includes examples of team science research, resources or interventions including successful team dynamics and knowledge integration. This paper reveals the myriad techniques that CTSA hubs use to support, promote and expand team science including involving the community, students, scholars and other multidisciplinary scientists.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: This research is intended to provide researchers and clinicians information on factors that impact psychiatric health outcomes in a specialty perinatal mood disorders clinic. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The present study seeks to examine factors that impact psychiatric outcomes at the University of Florida Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Perinatal Mood Disorders Clinic (PMDC). METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: A hierarchical multinomial logistic regression will be conducted to evaluate predictors that may influence patients receiving a referral to specialty care, a return to primary care or being lost to follow up. Included predictors are changes in insurance status, baseline depression scores, and baseline obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS). A multinomial logistic regression will be conducted to determine if OCS and depressive symptoms predict referral to/establishment of psychotherapeutic care. A secondary binary logistic regression will be conducted to evaluate predictors that may predict reduction in depressive symptoms among women seen for more than one session. Included predictors of outcome include time (weeks in psychiatric treatment), OCS at baseline, and referral to psychological therapy. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Data collection is multiphasic and ongoing via a retrospective chart review of patients seen in the PMDC. Hypotheses include that experiencing a change in insurance will significantly increase the risk of being lost to follow up, as compared to referral to specialty clinic or returning to primary care. It is also predicted that individuals with higher depressive symptoms or OCS will be more likely likely to be assigned to specialty care than to be lost to follow up or primary care. It is believed that greater time in psychiatric care, and lower OCS will increase the likelihood of reductions in depressive symptoms. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: This study seeks to provide information on predictors that influence outcome this specialty clinic, while extending the limited literature that has examined the influence of OCS on depressive symptoms. It is the hope of the authors to provide information on intervenable factors that influence psychiatric outcomes in a perinatal specialty clinic.