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Design and realization of a compact substrate integrated coaxial line butler matrix for beamforming applications

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 January 2024

Satya Krishna Idury Open the ORCID record for Satya Krishna Idury [Opens in a new window] ,
Nicoló Delmonte ,
Lorenzo Silvestri Open the ORCID record for Lorenzo Silvestri [Opens in a new window] ,
Maurizio Bozzi Open the ORCID record for Maurizio Bozzi [Opens in a new window]  and
Soumava Mukherjee
Satya Krishna Idury*
Affiliation:
Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, India
Nicoló Delmonte
Affiliation:
Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
Lorenzo Silvestri
Affiliation:
Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
Maurizio Bozzi
Affiliation:
Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
Soumava Mukherjee
Affiliation:
Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, India
*
Corresponding author: Satya Krishna Idury; Email: krishna.2@iitj.ac.in
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Abstract

This article presents the modeling and realization of a compact substrate integrated coaxial line (SICL) based butler matrix operating at 5 GHz for beam-forming applications. The proposed 4 × 4 butler matrix is developed using SICL-based hybrid coupler, crossover, and phase shifter. A compact 90∘ coupler comprising of center tapped unequal stubs is designed to enhance the size reduction as well as to extend the out of band rejection. Wideband SICL-based crossover operating from DC to 10 GHz is conceived for the proposed butler matrix using a plated through hole as transition. The SICL crossover features very high measured isolation of 65 dB owing to the reduction in coupling between the two signal paths within a lateral footprint of only 0.034 $\lambda_g^2$. A meandered SICL-based line is used in order to provide the necessary 45∘ and 0∘ phase shift to realize the butler matrix. The fully shielded and self-packaged compact 4 × 4 SICL-based butler matrix is fabricated and experimentally validated to operate at 5 GHz.

Keywords

beamformingbutler matrixcompacthigh isolationplanarsubstrate integrated coaxial line (SICL)
Type
Research Paper
Information
International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies , First View , pp. 1 - 7
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press in association with the European Microwave Association

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