Prader-Willi syndrome is a congenital disease caused by a genetic alteration of chromosome 15, described by doctors Prader, Labhart and Willi in 1956. It’s a rare disease (prevalence 2.8/100,000) and it occurs equally in both sexes and in all races. This disorder produces changes in hypothalamic function that can lead to muscle hypotonia, short stature, a compulsion to eat, and a lack of satiety. At the psychopathological level, the clinic is very varied, being mainly important the psychomotor retardation in different degrees and behavioral problems;especially in the behavioral phenotype. Affective and psychotic symptoms are also frequent.

Psychopathology and treatment analysis through a clinical case.

40-year-old patient undergoing mental health follow-up since adolescence with a diagnosis of paranoid personality disorder. No medical history of interest. He was admitted to the hospitalization unit for serious behavioral alterations in a context of probable paranoid ideation towards the neighborhood. In the psychopathological examination, marked cognitive rigidity, high impulsivity and very low tolerance to frustration stand out, showing a hostile and defiant attitude. Poorly structured paranoid ideation. Presents obsessive-compulsive behaviors (scratching). Hyperphagia and obesity.

Psychometric assessment (Waiss-IV): total IQ 61 (mild mental retardation). Genetics:deletion 15 q11-q13 of chromosome 15), confirms Prader-Willi diagnosis. Remission of behavioral disorders, suspiciousness and heteroaggressive behaviors with treatment with monthly depot paliperidone (150 mg).

Knowledge of the clinical and morphological characteristics of this syndrome would allow an early diagnosis and treat its possible complications as soon as possible. Antipsychotic treatment is effective in the management of behavioral and psychotic symptoms.

No significant relationships.

The prevalence of mental disorders plays an important role in identifying the state of mental health of the community and estimate the required facilities at any time.

Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of psychological disorders in caregivers of children with intellectual disabilities and motor disabilities in Shiraz.

The research was descriptive and cross-sectional survey. The statistical population consisted of all mothers of children with disabilities who were admitted to welfare centers and clinics of Shiraz in 2019. Of these families, 35 mothers with children with intellectual disability and 35 mothers with children with motor disability were selected as the sample group. SCL-90-R (1976) was used to collect of data. For analyze the data, MANOVA test was used.

The results of this study showed that the most common psychological disorders in caregivers of children with intellectual disability were aggression (hostility), hypersensitivity to interpersonal relationships, anxiety and depression, and in caregivers of children with motor disabilities were physical complaints, sensitivity to interpersonal relationships, paranoid thoughts and anxiety.

According to the findings of this research, it can be concluded that caregivers of children with special needs in terms of mental health are not in a favorable situation, which is due to the lack of proper adaptation with the disability of their child and the failure to meet their needs.

No significant relationships.

In emergency departments, workers regularly report unfavorable working conditions. It’s a stressful workplace with excessive workloads, high demands on patient care including exposure to violence, time pressures and overcrowding.

-Identify the prevalence of violence, psychological distress and job stress in the emergency department. -Investigate risk factors of aggression among emergency department staff.

This study is a descriptive-cross sectional analysis study conducted on emergency department staff. Data were collected through a questionnaire including sociodemographic information, circumstances of the aggression, the Karasek questionnaire, and the GHQ-12 (General Health Questionnaire).

Our study included 62 health workers. Half of the population were physicians. The prevalence of assault was estimated at 59.6%. Psychological distress was noted in 64.5% of cases. Occupational stress was estimated at 75.8%. The most common type of assault was verbal aggression (86.4%). The aggressor was most often an accompanying person. The occurrence of violence was not associated with the worker’s psychological distress or job stress. On the other hand, we noted an association between aggression and variable work schedule.

Violence against healthcare workers in the emergency department is an important phenomenon. Preventive actions should be taken to improve health professional wellbeing at work.

No significant relationships.

Forced displacement has been shown as a direct consequence of civil wars and armed confrontations, its effects on the victims are evidenced in the material, physical health and psychosocial effects (Mendoza, 2012; Pavas & Díaz, 2019; Ramos, 2018). It is common to identify in victims the presence of a post-offense emotional discomfort, which is recommended to work as a way of forgiveness for the achievement of personal restoration (Prieto & Echegoyen, 2015).

For this reason, the results of the study are presented, which has aimed to analyze the relationship between personal restoration and feelings of guilt with victims of forced displacement in the Colombian Caribbean.

A correlational study has been carried out with a sample of 40 (n = 40) subjects of which 52.5% are men and 47.5% women, the mean age is 57.52 (σ = 13.591), all with a history of forced displacement; to the data collection has been used the CAPER instrument of Rosales, Rivera and Garcia (2017) (α = .592).

There is a positive bilateral correlation between the variables studied (r = .000; p = .829), the greater the personal restoration, the greater the sense of guilt is also manifested.

For therapeutic work in personal restoration with victims of forced displacement, it is important to also include the feeling of guilt, which is presented as post-offense emotional distress.

No significant relationships.

Violent Experiences result in economic and social costs for society, impacting on emotions in families, on health (both physical and mental), and overall quality of life, causing potential damages. Thus, it becomes relevant to do research on this impact, aiming at raising awareness and promoting prevention.

The purpose of the study is to estimate the impact of experiences of violence on both physical and mental health taking into account variables such as age, gender, and marital status.

This is a cross-sectional study sampling 1407 Portuguese speaking adults, with an age average of 42 years old (DP=17.28). The measures used were: The SF-36 questionnaire to assess quality of life, physical and mental health, and the Experiences of Violence Questionnaire.

The sample was divided into two groups (victims and non-victims). The group of participants that were not subjected to violence presents more positive results. In relation to the comparison between genders, it was verified that males present more positive results having into account all dimensions SF-36 when compared to women. Also, older participants (53 years old or more) presents lower results of general health.

Violence and health, increasingly related due to the impact it has on the subjects’ physical and mental health and quality of life.

No significant relationships.

We know the coexistence of traumatic factors (loss of affective relationships, experiences of abuse, extreme risk situations, etc.) is common in psychiatric pathologies in which level of stress experienced exceeds normal capacity of the person, favoring the appearance of dissociative or excision mechanisms. A common mistake is to pathologize them and try to eliminate them.

The objective of this paper is to study trauma and defense mechanisms involved, in order to carry out a better approach.

A bibliographic search was performed from different database (Pubmed, TripDatabase) about trauma, mechanisms involved and the construction of identity.

We know neural pathways mature asymmetrically in evolutionary development (functions related to attention, concentration and executive function having special importance) and thus, traumas occurred in moments of greatest vulnerability such as early childhood, can damage and interfere with the correct integration of neural processes, producing disproportionate and unnecessarily maintained alert responses (common basis for many pathologies such as borderline personality disorder or traumatic psychosis). In response to this, reactive mechanisms are produced (such as dissociation or cleavage) that are not necessarily pathological and therefore, we should not always intervene by eliminating them because they often function as a protective factor, allowing to preserve functioning and favoring recovery.

In conclusion, we need a better understanding of mechanisms involved in trauma, executive function and the alarm system beyond anxiety reactions, trying to understand the function of symptom without eliminating it, but evaluating whether there are healthier alternatives can be promoted for the complete recovery of the patient.

No significant relationships.

Parenting with mental illness is associated with parenting difficulties and increased mental health problems in children. Family focused interventions improve child outcomes by 40%. However, such services are not available at present in Sri Lanka.

To assess the challenges faced and perceived needs of parents with mental illness in Sri Lanka.

A cross sectional descriptive study was carried out in the adult psychiatry follow-up clinics in a Teaching Hospital in Sri Lanka. A specifically designed questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic details, difficulties with parenting and perceived care needs.

Of 385 parents, 67.3% believed their mental illness impacted their parenting. Perceived impact on parenting was higher in younger parents (p<0.01), when the children were younger (p<0.01), had more children under 5 years (p<0.01) and when there was no social support (p<0.01). 67.8% of parents believed their illness impacted their children, with higher impact perceived in parents with children less than 5 years of age (p<0.05) and those with no social support (p<0.01). Although 36.4% had concerns about their children’s emotions or behaviour, only 16.4% were willing to discuss these with their doctor. The parental concerns were significantly higher where the parent was employed (p<0.01), had a longer duration of illness (p<0.01) and when the youngest child was more than 12 years (p<0.01)

Mental illness in parents had a substantial impact on parenting and their children but professionals help was rarely sought. Services aimed at the specific needs of these parents should be developed.

No significant relationships.

This is the presentation of a postdoc research protocol under the supervision of University of Peloponnese, regarding the application of a program for stress reduction. Τhe intervention consisted of a psychoeducational session explaining the stress effect in the brain and the way that relaxation breathing is working, a training session on relaxation breathing and 2 more sessions, one with relaxation breathing and one with trigger points acupressure in the back of the patients.

The objective of the study was to test the effectiveness of relaxations techniques in patients with chronic diseases in a Greek General Hospital.

Out of 335 participants, 153 were found to have high stress levels in the DASS scale and the stress VAS scale that was used for the intervention. 151 of them (49(32, 5%) males), agreed to participate in the intervention with relaxation breathing and 99 in the acupressure session. Diagnosis of the participants were: anxiety disorder (18.5%), Thalassaemia Major(31.1%), Crohn (26.5%), Kidney failure (9.9%) and major depression (13.9%). Analysis was performed with SPSS 24.

The results in DASS stress scale revealed that 54.3 % of the sample had very severe and 24.3% severe stress levels while 58.9% had very severe anxiety levels in DASS anxiety scale. Pair sample t test show statistically significant differences before and after the application of breathing relaxation t150=24.725 p=0.001, as well in the application of acupressure t98=15.901 p=0.001.

According to the results of the present intervention, relaxation techniques can be very helpful as complimentary treatments for patients with chronic diseases

No significant relationships.

Stress is one of the biggest problems leading a large portion of people to seek medical or psychotherapeutic management, while a large portion of hospital staff report high levels of work-related stress.

The purpose of this intervention was to implement a psychoeducation seminar on stress management by implementing diaphragmatic breathing exercises and to detect the reduction of its levels in nursing staff.

The study took place at the General Hospital of Nikaia. Fifty employees, 38 women, aged 20-60 (M=37.4±10.5) participated in a two-hour group psychoeducation workshop, concerning psychoeducation on stress and application in diaphragmatic breathing exercises. The measurement of the success of the intervention was performed using a proportional stress assessment scale before and after the intervention. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS26.

Stress levels before the intervention ranged from 0 to 10 (M=5.7±5.7) while after the intervention ranged from 0 to 7 (M=2.3±2.04). Age did not appear to play a role in stress reduction, but was found to be positively and significantly associated with pre-existing stress in employees (r=0.423 p=0.002). On the contrary, gender was found to be related both to the pre-existence of stress, with women reporting the highest levels (t=-3.534 p=0.001), and to the reduction of stress after the intervention (t=-2,534 p=0.001).

The above findings indicate the importance of implementing group psychoeducation programs to reduce stress at the organizational level, a very important result considering the cumulative effect that the recent existence of covid-19 has had on nursing staff.

No significant relationships.

End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients have difficult and challenging lifestyle due to the burden of the disease that, leads to numerous psychological issues. Regardless, healthcare providers usually focus on the somatic side and don’t take care of the psychological dimension.

Determine the effect of psychological support on the wellbeing of patients with ESRD.

A survey sheet including sociodemographic and clinical data were distributed to two different groups. Psychological counseling was given to one of the groups, and wasn’t given to the other one.

Patients not receiving psychological support had higher levels of anxious and depressive symptoms and suicidal ideations compared to the group receiving psychological support that had lower levels of anxious, depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation.

ESRD patients are at risk of developing all sorts of psychological issues. Which underlines the importance of the psychological support associated to the appropriate somatic care.

No significant relationships.

Studied the role of self-esteem in the regulation of mental states in the educational activities of students.

The aim of the research is to reveal the interrelationships of states’ substructures (mental processes, experiences, behavior) with the level of self-esteem of students.

The study involved 69 students of the 1st and 2nd year, all humanities. The study was carried out in various situations of educational activity: at lectures, seminars, exams. Used the methods to study mental states, style of self-regulation and self-esteem.

Found that as the level of self-esteem increases, the intensity of mental states’ substructures also increases, and vice versa. As a result of ANOVA use, found that the regulatory properties “independence” (p <0.001) and “ability to program actions” (p <0.002) exert the greatest influence on the interaction of mental states and self-esteem. In lectures, seminars students with a low level of self-esteem mostly experience states of low intensity. Students with an average level of self-esteem are characterized by positive states of an increased level of intensity: from cheerfulness and anticipation to interest and fun. Students with high self-esteem experience mental states different in modality, intensity. As the level of self-esteem increases, the intensity of mental states’ substructures manifestation increases, and vice versa.

Average self-esteem is most optimal for the regulation of mental states. In the case of high self-esteem, the most optimal states are experienced when the subject is highly independent. Low self-esteem students, experience the least intense states. This work was supported by the RFBR grant № 20-013-00076.

No significant relationships.

Comorbidities between Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorders or Somatic Symptoms, and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) can cause variability in the functional impairments faced by young adults. Knowing the possible configurations resulting from these comorbidities is important for a better understanding of the cases, diagnostic processes, and proposed treatments.

To verify associations between indicators of the aforementioned mental disorders, and symptoms of inattention or hyperactivity-impulsivity, and functional impairments in different areas of life, related to ADHD.

There were 27 participants (23 women, age m = 22.5 sd = 1.8, education m = 15.7 sd = 2.2), with complaints of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity compatible with ADHD, screened with ASRS-18 score> 24 and WASI IQ> 79, and assessed by DIVA-2.0 (symptoms of ADHD), ASR-ASEBA (depressive, anxiety and somatic problems), EPF-ADHD (functional impairments in the academic, professional, affective, domestic, social, health, financial, traffic areas and legal risk). Spearman’s Correlation analysis was performed in the SPSS program (significance p <0.05).

Increase in depressive problems associated with increased symptoms of inattention (rho=0.386, p=0.049) and hyperactivity-impulsivity (rho = 0.406, p = 0.036). Increased somatic problems associated with increased functional impairment in health (rho=0.458, p=0.016). Increase in depressive problems associated with increased losses in the academic (rho=0.437, p=0.023), affective (rho=0.408, p=0.034), domestic (rho=0.550, p=0.002), social (rho=0.445, p=0.002), financial (rho=0.389, p=0.045) and health (rho=0.514, p=0.006).

ADHD with comorbidities can have a peculiar clinical evolution with specific characteristics, including diagnosis, management, and response to treatment. These subgroups with different intervention needs demand outlining needs and personalized treatment.

No significant relationships.

The importance of ensuring the well-being of physicians is determined by the serious changes in medical organizations that transform the traditional “doctor - patient” relationship and set different indicators of the medical care quality (Melnyk et al., 2020; Sandy et al., 2019; Tawfik et al., 2019).

The main objective was to study the characteristics of the well-being of physicians working in public and commercial medical institutions. The difference in these “environments” is the degree of independence and responsibility in the course of diagnosis and treatment.

The study involved 102 people: 66 of them are employees at public hospitals, 36 –at commercial medical centers. The respondents were offered a methodic package aimed to diagnose: career orientations; the degree of satisfaction with various work aspects; severity of burnout symptoms; subjective assessment of their work.

The estimating factor analysis identified 3 factors (73% of the total variance of the data) –such as emotional acceptance of one’s work, stress and tension, intellectual workload. The indicator of emotional exhaustion among physicians of commercial centers is significantly higher than that of doctors of public hospitals, which indicates a greater emotional involvement in the situation of providing paid services (p≤0.007).

The main direction of psychological work with physicians of commercial institutions is teaching them to regulating the emotional state and to master communicative techniques. An important part of psychological support of physicians in public hospitals is to provide a favorable psychological climate that ensures the professional growth and adherence to humane principles of working with patients.

No significant relationships.

Childhood trauma has a negative impact on mental health of individuals. Self-compassion involves being open to painful and troubling feelings, approaching them in a caring and loving way, accepting negative experiences as a part of human life. Optimism is an individual’s belief that everything will be better in the future despite the difficulties and obstacles of life. Shame is the feeling that occurs when an inadequacy or inappropriate behavior is noticed.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of childhood trauma on self-compassion, optimism, and shame.

Childhood Trauma Scale, Self-Compassion Scale, Life Orientation Test and Shame Scale were administered to 384 individuals (304 Female and 80 Male). Their age range was between 18 and 25, with the mean of 21.26.

The findings of MANOVA indicated that a significant main effect of gender on emotional abuse and sexual abuse however there was no main effect of gender on physical abuse, physical neglect, emotional neglect, and excessive protection. Women were exposed to emotional and sexual abuse more than men. MANOVA that was applied to the scores of CTQ revealed a significant overall main effect of self-compassion and optimism whereas there was no main effect of shame.

While self-compassion and optimism are the protective factors for the traumatized individuals, shame is the risk factor.

No significant relationships.

Studied the psychological mechanisms of mental states’ self-regulation of students in the course of the educational activities: at lectures, seminars and exams.

The main aims of the study were: 1. To identify the typical methods and techniques of mental states’ self-regulation and regulatory abilities in everyday and stressful conditions of educational activity; 2. To establish the relationships between the quality of subject training, regulatory abilities and states of students; 3. To study the influence of mental structures (semantic, reflective) on self-regulation and regulatory abilities of students.

To solve these problems used a bank of 23 techniques, including 303 indicators. 260 1-st year students took part in the research (aged 18-20).

As a result of the research, identified the states typical for lectures, seminars, exams. Comparison of mental states characteristics of humanities students and students of natural sciences did not reveal any differences. Among the mental states of highly effective students, particular importance have the cognitive mental states: interest, thoughtfulness and concentration. Found that the effectiveness of students’ mental states self-regulation affects the productivity of passing the semester exam. The most commonly used methods are introspection (withdrawal), self-control, the use of logic, a positive attitude and search activity. This pattern is typical for both mathematics and psychology students.

Found that students with high self-regulation efficiency more often use a wide range of regulatory technics. Established the properties of personality, providing high efficiency of self-regulation, these are: adequacy, awareness, independence and assertiveness. This work was supported by the RFBR grant № 19-29-07072.

No significant relationships.

A system model of self-regulation of students’ psychological states has been developed. As the main elements, the model includes the relationship between states and characteristics of consciousness, external factors and regulatory actions in a certain time range.

To study conscious and unconscious methods of regulation of states in the relevant sections of the educational activities of students.

98 students took part in this research, used different techniques of self-regulation and psychological states diagnosis.

The regulation of psychological states occurs unconsciously. The success of the applied methods is relative and depends on both educational and personal factors. The regulators of states are various personal qualities. These are reflection, metacognitive abilities, intelligence, as well as the general ability to self-regulate. We discovered the influence of the meaningfulness of life on the psychological states. In the structure of students’ states with a high level of meaningfulness of life an indicator of the general ability to self-regulation plays a central role.Indicators of emotional intelligence and locus of control characterize states of students with a low level of meaningfulness of life.

It has been found that the level of reflection of students plays a mediating role in the interaction of psychological states and adaptation processes. Emotional comfort, internal control, and self-acceptance have the greatest impact on states. The research confirmed the hypothesis of reflexive regulation of psychological states depending on various types of reflection during the performance of creative tasks. The research was carried out with the financial support of the RFBR; project No.19-013-00325.

No significant relationships.

Home hospitalization is an alternative to conventional hospitalization in several areas of medicine. In Portugal, we are now starting to think about its implementation in Psychiatry, given the positive experience of its use in other countries.

Understand the advantages and disadvantages of a home hospitalization model and its logistical and clinical framework in an integrated community-focused care model.

We performed a literature review using Pubmed databases and UpToDate on home hospitalization, inpatient care and community-focused care model

We have found reports of centers with experience in home hospitalization in Psychiatry, but there is still a notable lack of studies in this area. There is a discrepancy between the care needs of patients and the existence of community services for the treatment of mental illness. Home hospitalization is considered when there is partial remission of the symptomatology that motivated the hospitalization. Albeit demanding inclusion criteria limit eligible patients, there are several advantages with this hospitalization model: 1) it favors agility in the transition from hospital to home, with direct observation of contextual factors that may influence psychiatric decompensation, 2) integrates the patient in his natural environment, promoting his autonomy,; 3) allows psychoeducation of the family; 3) guarantees the continuity of the therapeutic process initiated in the hospital, 4) optimizes resources and cost-effectiveness, 5) prevents relapses and the “revolving-door “phenomenon.

We have found that a model of home hospitalization is a valuable element that should be included in an integrated system of psychiatric care.

No significant relationships.

It is well-known that university students experience high levels of mental health problems (1). University life presents changes and challenges that can be stressful and may affect the mental health of its community (2,3). More than 20 years ago, the Social Affairs Service (SAS) of the University of Salamanca started a program that ensured the mental health care in their community. The Psychiatric Care Unit is part of this program and its objectives are: 1) to detect serious mental disorders; 2) treat mild mental disorders; 3) give information to prevent illness and promote mental health; 4) serve as support in patients with previous follow-up that has been discontinued due to the beginning of their studies; 5) liaise with referral psychiatrists.

To make known a Psychiatric Care Unit targeted in the university community

18 people between 19 and 52 years old (22% male, 78% female) were evaluated between November and December of 2020 in the Psychiatric Care Unit of the Social Affairs Service (PCU-SAS, University of Salamanca). The assessment consisted in an interview carried out by a psychiatrist, in the presence of a medical graduate. Every patient belong to the university community (students/ staff).

The most frequent diagnosis in the sample is Adjustment Disorder (F43.2). Substance use, eating disorders, low-self-concept, perfectionism and emotional dysregulation are very prevalent symptoms along our sample.

Universities should invest in creating environments that promote student and staff mental wellbeing. However, the current body of evidence is scarce and more research is needed to recommend what are the best strategies(4).

No significant relationships.

Intensive professional training is widely used in modern organizations, as it helps employees adapt to dynamic work and technology changes (Noe, 2010; Patrick, 2000). Relaxation techniques may reduce the negative effects of intense learning processes (i.e. fatigue, anxiety and stress). They can also enhance the productivity of the training itself by helping to achieve optimal states for the completion of learning goals.

Our study concerns differences in mastering relaxation techniques by employees of younger and middle-age groups during intensive professional training.

Sample - 62 employees, participants of communication training. The 15-min session of progressive relaxation combined with autogenic formulae was conducted after 5 hours of intensive training. Measures: standard psychological and physiological functional state tests (Leonova & Kapitsa, 2003); an information perception task.

The efficiency of the relaxation techniques varied between different age groups: younger participants (aged 20-30) were more successful in managing both tasks – learning new relaxation skills and achieving deeper rest (including more apparent positive physiological effects). They were also more prepared for completing the information perception task (they made less mistakes). Older participants (aged 30-50) experienced more difficulties with the new relaxation skills and used relaxation primarily to restore their psychophysiological resources, rather than to prepare for the upcoming training task.

The results showed that relaxation techniques provide a system optimization effect on the participants of intensive training programs, though participants’ individual differences (ie age, length of service) should be taken into account when planning the outcomes of such interventions.

No significant relationships.

Infertility is associated with Several negative reaction and emotional problems

Review of effective interventions for improving emotional risk factors In infertile and infertile patients undergoing treatment

A comprehensive narrative review of the studies was conducted. Databases such as Web of Science, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, Scopus, PubMed, including Medline, Clinical key, SID, MAGIRAN were retrieved from August 10 to December 8, 2020, with no time limit. After reviewing the abstract and the full text of the articles in terms of compliance with the purpose of the study, finally, 32 articles were selected for writing. The methodological quality of the articles was assessed based on Cochrane Risk of Bias

Interventions were divided into two subgroups of mind-body, and web-based CBT. mind-body interventions generally shows the anxiety,stress and depression reduction and Possible improvement in pregnancy rate But most of these programs require extensive financial resources The results of web based, showed that using online CBT approach can greatly reduce stress and anxiety, due to increased use of internet, non collaborative,cheap and private treatment of web based interventions, this method can be used as a way along with other treatments to reduce these negative reactions

According to the present study CBT methods, application and Internet-based interventions can be used as appropriate counseling methods in reducing stress, anxiety and improving pregnancy outcomes in infertile patients. This information can be used as a proper source to select appropriate counseling methods for health care providers, midwives and treatment staff involved in infertility patients

No significant relationships.