An earlier version of this paper was given in Nicosia at the Second International Congress of Cypriot Studies, during April 1982.

¹ Iliffe, H. J. and Mitford, T. B., AJ 31 (1951), 52.Google Scholar

² The British Kouklia Expedition worked at Palaepaphos from 1950 to 1955; the Swiss-German Expedition, under the direction of the present writer, since 1966.

³ See JHS 9 (1888), 160, 170, and 270. The only surviving fragment of LH pottery from the 1888 excavation (apart from two Proto-White Painted stirrup jars in Oxford, nos. 1888.1253 and 1497) is a LH IIIA2/IIIB sherd with scale pattern, London 88/13–1/18 = BMC Vases I ii C693. When excavating tombs at Kouklia in 1899 (an operation which is recorded only in a letter in the files of the Greek and Roman Department of the British Museum) A. Welch found ‘two Mycenaean vases’ (one of them the LH IIIB alabastron C498, BMC Vases I ii 99), five Proto-White Painted stirrup jars (two of them the London pieces C695 and C696, BMC Vases I ii 132) and fragments of a LH IIIA2 amphoroid crater with chariot scene (of which one sherd survives in the collection of the British School at Athens).

⁴ Long before post-war archaeological research in Cyprus fully documented the island's Late Bronze Age, Gjerstad, E. strongly defended the historical authenticity of these legends in his ‘The Colonisation of Cyprus in Greek Legend’, OpArch 3 (1944) 110–12.Google Scholar

⁵ Catling, H. W. in RDAC 1979 270–5.Google Scholar

⁶ Maier, F. G. in RDAC 1975 77Google Scholar; 1976 96; 1979 169–70.

⁷ Maier, F. G. in RDAC 1969 38–41Google Scholar; 1971 43–5; ‘Evidence for Mycenaean Settlement at Old Paphos’ in Acts of the International Archaeological Symposium ‘The Mycenaeans in the Eastern Mediterranean’ (Nicosia 1973) 68–78.

⁸ Maier, op. cit. (n. 7 above) 75–6. There are 97 vessels either complete or preserved in large fragments, and small fragments of at least another 48 bowls.

⁹ Karageorghis, V. in CRAI 1980 122–36CrossRefGoogle Scholar and BCH 105 (1981) 991–2.

¹⁰ Maier, in RDAC 1969 38Google Scholar; 1970–79. At least three tombs in this cemetery contained pottery of Proto-White Painted, CG I and CG II, and Archaic types.

¹¹ These include 23 plates/dishes, 12 miscellaneous open shapes, 1 (plus another?) rhyton, 2 mugs, 13 deep bowls, 42 craters, 10 kylikes, 48 jugs or pithoid jars (plus 75 linear body sherds of closed vessels), 1 flask, 2 small jugs, 16 stirrup jars, 1 alabastron (plus another?), 2 pot-stands (or bases?), 2 miscellaneous fragments. Of 2 figure-style sherds, one shows the wheel of a chariot (TE III 127). There are also several hundred fragments of late ‘local IIIB’ shallow bowls.

¹² KD 53·2. See Karageorghis, in AA 1967 162 ff.Google Scholar

¹³ KD 53·13. The virtual absence of this type of vessel is significant also for the repertoire of LH IIIC1 shapes found at Kouklia in comparison with, for instance, contemporary material from Tarsus. See French, E. B., ‘A Reassessment of the Mycenaean Pottery at Tarsus’ in AS 25 (1975) 53–75.Google Scholar

¹⁴ There are 1 rhyton, 4 bowls, 4 kylikes, 17 craters, 3 miscellaneous open vessels, 10 stirrup jars (plus 4 more?), 7 pithoid jars, 3 jugs, 1 flask, 16 fragments of various closed shapes, 3 figure-style sherds. Twenty-one of these pieces may belong to the LH IIIA₂/LH IIIB transition.

¹⁵ Catling, in AA 1970 24–31Google Scholar; Karageorghis, in AA 1972 188–97.Google Scholar

¹⁶ TE III 118. I do not include in this context the LM IIIB ‘oatmeal’ stirrup jars fairly common on Cypriot sites; two fragments of such vessels were recorded at Kouklia by Catling, and Karageorghis, , BSA 55 (1960) III nos. 32, 33.Google Scholar At least eight more fragments can now be added.

¹⁷ Tombs KTE VIII, KTA II and IX.

¹⁸ See Liverpool Bulletin 2 (1952) 50–1.

¹⁹ See Maier, in RDAC 1973 193–40.Google Scholar For the Department's work, Karageorghis, in BCH 97 (1973) 635–8.Google Scholar

²⁰ A Chalcolithic stone axe (TST 24) was found during the excavation of a medieval cane sugar mill in the coastal plain below Kouklia.

²¹ SCE iv 1A 107 fig. 52; 134 fig. 63.

²² The exact number cannot be determined as some of the finer pestles may be of LC date, when stone platters with basalt pestles occur fairly often in tombs (e.g. the large group KTA V).

²³ CM., LL 54; Peltenburg, E. in Antiquity 51 (1977) 140 ff.Google Scholar

²⁴ SCE iv IA fig. xv 1–3 (Khirokitia); fig. xxi 1 (Sotira); fig. xxxix 5 (Erimi). These statuettes, measuring between 4·2 and 18 cm, can only be compared for style, not size.

²⁵ For long the only evidence for MC settlement in the vicinity of Kouklia was a Black Slip II or III jug (KXT Timi 15) from a looted tomb at Timi, three miles north-west of Kouklia, in 1951—cf. Liverpool Bulletin 232.

²⁶ Only Oxford 1888.1313 has previously been published—Gjerstad, E., Studies on Prehistoric Cyprus (Uppsala 1926) 173 fig. 1.Google Scholar It is listed in SCE iv 1B 25, with a second vase, Oxford 1888. 1252.

²⁷ Bottle = Oxford 1888.1250 (cf. SCE iv IB pl. ix 8). Rhyton = Oxford 1888.1252. Amphora fragment = Oxford 1953.1190 (classed there as White Painted III IV). Jar = Oxford 1888.1313 (cf. SCE iv IB pl. xvi 11, 12). Jug = Oxford 1888.1256, which could date to the very end of MC III or start LC I.

²⁸ The 1888 expedition excavated tombs in widely separated localities, none of which can now be identified. According to the report, however, tombs found west of the village of Kouklia were all Roman. The MC finds, therefore, should come from a cemetery north-east or east of the village. The fragment Oxford 1953·1190 was picked up at Evreti.