Book contents
- Observation Medicine
- Observation Medicine
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Advance Praise
- About the Editors
- Contributors
- Foreword: Onward and Upward
- Preface
- Part I Administration: Key Concepts of Observation Medicine, and Developing and Maintaining an Observation Unit
- Part II Observation Medicine: Clinical Setting and Education
- Part III New Developments in Observation Medicine
- Part IV Clinical
- Subpart IVA Clinical – Cardiac
- Subpart IVB Clinical – Respiratory
- Subpart IVC Clinical – Vascular
- Chapter 31 Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
- Chapter 32 Acute Pulmonary Embolism (PE)
- Chapter 33 Anticoagulants
- Subpart IVD Clinical – Neurologic
- Subpart IVE Clinical – Metabolic, Endocrine
- Subpart IVF Clinical – Hematologic
- Subpart IVG Clinical – Infections
- Subpart IVH Clinical – Gastrointestinal
- Subpart IVI Clinical – Genitourinary
- Subpart IVJ Clinical – Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Subpart IVK Clinical – Pediatrics and Geriatrics
- Subpart IVL Clinical – Surgical Evaluation
- Subpart IVM Clinical – Pain Management and Musculoskeletal
- Subpart IVN Clinical – Trauma
- Subpart IVO Clinical – Toxicology
- Subpart IVP Clinical – Psychosocial
- Subpart IVQ Clinical – Disasters
- Part V Financial
- Part VI International
- Part VII Evidence Basis for Observation Medicine
- Part VIII Clinical Protocols
- Part IX Administrative Policies
- Part X Order Sets
- Prologue
- Index
- References
Chapter 33 - Anticoagulants
from Subpart IVC - Clinical – Vascular
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 31 March 2017
Edited by
Book contents
- Observation Medicine
- Observation Medicine
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Advance Praise
- About the Editors
- Contributors
- Foreword: Onward and Upward
- Preface
- Part I Administration: Key Concepts of Observation Medicine, and Developing and Maintaining an Observation Unit
- Part II Observation Medicine: Clinical Setting and Education
- Part III New Developments in Observation Medicine
- Part IV Clinical
- Subpart IVA Clinical – Cardiac
- Subpart IVB Clinical – Respiratory
- Subpart IVC Clinical – Vascular
- Chapter 31 Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
- Chapter 32 Acute Pulmonary Embolism (PE)
- Chapter 33 Anticoagulants
- Subpart IVD Clinical – Neurologic
- Subpart IVE Clinical – Metabolic, Endocrine
- Subpart IVF Clinical – Hematologic
- Subpart IVG Clinical – Infections
- Subpart IVH Clinical – Gastrointestinal
- Subpart IVI Clinical – Genitourinary
- Subpart IVJ Clinical – Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Subpart IVK Clinical – Pediatrics and Geriatrics
- Subpart IVL Clinical – Surgical Evaluation
- Subpart IVM Clinical – Pain Management and Musculoskeletal
- Subpart IVN Clinical – Trauma
- Subpart IVO Clinical – Toxicology
- Subpart IVP Clinical – Psychosocial
- Subpart IVQ Clinical – Disasters
- Part V Financial
- Part VI International
- Part VII Evidence Basis for Observation Medicine
- Part VIII Clinical Protocols
- Part IX Administrative Policies
- Part X Order Sets
- Prologue
- Index
- References
Summary
A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Observation MedicinePrinciples and Protocols, pp. 173 - 179Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2017
References
Oden, A, Fahlen, M. Oral anticoagulation and risk of death: a medical record linkage study. BMJ, 2002. 325(7372): 1073–1075.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schulman, S, Beyth, RJ, Kearon, C, et al. Hemorrhagic complications of anticoagulant and thrombolytic treatment: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th Edition). Chest, 2008. 133(6 Suppl): 257S–298S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hylek, EM, Chang, YC, Skates, SJ, et al. Prospective study of the outcomes of ambulatory patients with excessive warfarin anticoagulation. Arch Intern Med, 2000. 160(11): 1612–1617.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cannegieter, SC,Rosendaal, FR, Wintzen, AD, et al. Optimal oral anticoagulant therapy in patients with mechanical heart valves. N Engl J Med, 1995. 333(1): 11–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chiquette, E, Amato, MG, Bussey, HI. Comparison of an anticoagulation clinic with usual medical care: anticoagulation control, patient outcomes, and health care costs. Arch Intern Med, 1998. 158(15): 1641–1647.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Newman, DH, Zhitomirsky, I. The prevalence of nontherapeutic and dangerous international normalized ratios among patients receiving warfarin in the emergency department. Ann Emerg Med, 2006. 48(2): 182–189, 189 e1.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Atreja, A, El-Sameed, YA, Jneid, H, et al. Elevated international normalized ratio in the ED: clinical course and physician adherence to the published recommendations. Am J Emerg Med, 2005. 23(1): 40–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Denas, G, Marzot, F, Offellie, R, et al. Effectiveness and safety of a management protocol to correct over-anticoagulation with oral vitamin K: a retrospective study of 1,043 cases. J Thromb Thrombolysis, 2009. 27(3): 340–347.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crowther, MA, Garcia, D, Ageno, W, et al. Oral vitamin K effectively treats international normalised ratio (INR) values in excess of 10. Results of a prospective cohort study. Thromb Haemost, 2010. 104(1): 118–121.Google ScholarPubMed
Ageno, W, Gallus, G, Wittkowsky, A, et al. Oral anticoagulant therapy: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. Chest, 2012. 141(2 Suppl): e44S–88S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harrison, L, Johnston, M, Massicotte, MP, et al. Comparison of 5-mg and 10-mg loading doses in initiation of warfarin therapy. Ann Intern Med, 1997. 126(2): 133–136.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ansell, J, Hirsh, J, Hylek, E, et al. Pharmacology and Management of the Vitamin K Antagonists, 8th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. Chest, 2008. 133(6 Suppl): 160S–198S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wan, Y, Heneghan, C, Perera, R, et al. Anticoagulation control and prediction of adverse events in patients with atrial fibrillation: a systematic review. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes, 2008. 1(2): 84–91.Google ScholarPubMed
You, JJ, Singer, DE, Howard, PA, et al. Antithrombotic therapy for atrial fibrillation: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. Chest, 2012. 141(2 Suppl): e531S–575S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kearon, C, Akl, EA, Comerota, AJ, et al. Antithrombotic therapy for VTE Disease: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. Chest, 2012. 141(2 Suppl): e419S–494S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Whitlock, RP, Sun, JC, Fremes, SE, et al. Antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy for valvular disease: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. Chest, 2012. 141(2 Suppl): e576S–600S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hylek, EM, Singer, DE. Risk factors for intracranial hemorrhage in outpatients taking warfarin. Ann Intern Med, 1994. 120(11): 897–902.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dahr, K, Loewen, P. The risk of bleeding with warfarin: a systematic review and performance analysis of clinical prediction rules. Thromb Haemost, 2007. 98(5): 980–987.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beyth, RJ, Quinn, LM, Landefeld, CS. Prospective evaluation of an index for predicting the risk of major bleeding in outpatients treated with warfarin. Am J Med, 1998. 105(2): 91–99.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pisters, R, Lane, DA, Nieuwlaat, R, et al. A novel user-friendly score (HAS-BLED) to assess 1-year risk of major bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation. Chest, 2010; 138: 1093–1100.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lip, GY, Frison, L, Halpern, JL, et al. Comparative validation of a novel risk score for predicting bleeding risk in anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2011; 57: 173–180.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schulman, S, Kearon, C. Definition of major bleeding in clinical investigations of antihemostatic medicinal products in non-surgical patients. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 2005; 3:692–694.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Guerrouij, M, Uppal, CS, Alklabi, A, et al. The clinical impact of bleeding during oral anticoagulant therapy: assessment of morbidity, mortality and post-bleed anticoagulant management. J Thromb Thrombolysis, 2011. 31(4): 419–423.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Palareti, G, Hirsh, J, Legnani, C, et al. Oral anticoagulation treatment in the elderly: a nested, prospective, case-control study. Arch Intern Med, 2000. 160(4): 470–478.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Landefeld, CS, Beyth, RJ. Anticoagulant-related bleeding: clinical epidemiology, prediction, and prevention. Am J Med, 1993. 95(3): 315–328.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Palareti, G, Leali, N, Coccheri, S, et al. Bleeding complications of oral anticoagulant treatment: an inception-cohort, prospective collaborative study (ISCOAT). Italian Study on Complications of Oral Anticoagulant Therapy. Lancet, 1996. 348(9025): 423–428.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Linkins, LA, Choi, PT, Douketis, JD. Clinical impact of bleeding in patients taking oral anticoagulant therapy for venous thromboembolism: a meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med, 2003. 139(11): 893–900.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lousberg, TR, Witt, DM, Beall, DG, et al. Evaluation of excessive anticoagulation in a group model health maintenance organization. Arch Intern Med, 1998. 158(5): 528–534.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dezee, KJ, Shimeall, WT, Douglas, KM, et al. Treatment of excessive anticoagulation with phytonadione (vitamin K): a meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med, 2006. 166(4): 391–397.Google ScholarPubMed
Crowther, MA, Ageno, W, Garcia, D, et al. Oral vitamin K versus placebo to correct excessive anticoagulation in patients receiving warfarin: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med, 2009. 150(5): 293–300.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crowther, MA, Julian, J, McCarty, D, et al. Treatment of warfarin-associated coagulopathy with oral vitamin K: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet, 2000. 356(9241): 1551–1553.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ageno, W, Crowther, M, Steidl, L, et al. Low dose oral vitamin K to reverse acenocoumarol-induced coagulopathy: a randomized controlled trial. Thromb Haemost, 2002. 88(1): 48–51.Google ScholarPubMed
Ageno, W, Garcia, D, Silingardi, M, et al. A randomized trial comparing 1 mg of oral vitamin K with no treatment in the management of warfarin-associated coagulopathy in patients with mechanical heart valves. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2005. 46(4): 732–733.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Garcia, DA, Regan, S, Crowther, M, et al. The risk of hemorrhage among patients with warfarin-associated coagulopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2006. 47(4): 804–808.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gunther, KE, Conway, G, Leibach, L, et al. Low-dose oral vitamin K is safe and effective for outpatient management of patients with an INR>10. Thromb Res, 2004. 113(3–4): 205–209.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lubetsky, A, Yonath, H, Olchovsky, D, et al. Comparison of oral vs intravenous phytonadione (vitamin K1) in patients with excessive anticoagulation: a prospective randomized controlled study. Arch Intern Med, 2003. 163(20): 2469–2473.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crowther, MA, Donovan, D, Harrison, L, et al. Low-dose oral vitamin K reliably reverses over-anticoagulation due to warfarin. Thromb Haemost, 1998. 79(6): 1116–1118.Google ScholarPubMed
Guyatt, GH, Akl, EA, Crowther, M, et al. Executive summary: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. Chest, 2012. 141(2 Suppl): 7S–47S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fiore, LD, Scola, MA, Cantillon, CE, et al. Anaphylactoid reactions to vitamin K. J Thromb Thrombolysis, 2001. 11(2): 175–183.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crowther, MA, Douketis, JD, Schnurr, T, et al. Oral vitamin K lowers the international normalized ratio more rapidly than subcutaneous vitamin K in the treatment of warfarin-associated coagulopathy. A randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med, 2002. 137(4): 251–254.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Raj, G, Kumar, R, McKinney, WP. Time course of reversal of anticoagulant effect of warfarin by intravenous and subcutaneous phytonadione. Arch Intern Med, 1999. 159(22): 2721–2724.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ruff, CT, Giugliano, RP, Braunwald, E, et al. Comparison of the efficacy and safety of new oral anticoagulants with warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Lancet, 2014; 383: 955–962.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Der Hulle, T, Kooiman, J, den Exter, PL, et al. Effectiveness and safety of novel oral anticoagulants as compared with vitamin K antagonists in the treatment of acute symptomatic venous thromboembolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 2014; 12: 320–328.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jackson, LR, Becker, RC. Novel oral anticoagulants: pharmacology, coagulation measures, and consideration for reversal. J Thromb Thrombolysis, 2014; 37:380–391.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kovacs, RJ, Flaker, GC, Saxonhouse, SJ, et al. Practical management of anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2015; 65: 1340–1360.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed