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Chapter 40 - Regenerative Medicine

from Part VII - Adjunctive Therapy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 December 2023

By
Nazir Noor  and
Clay Gibb
Edited by
Omar Viswanath  and
Ivan Urits
Omar Viswanath
Affiliation:
Creighton University, Omaha
Ivan Urits
Affiliation:
Southcoast Brain & Spine Center, Wareham
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Summary

Stem cells are a type of cell that can renew themselves and develop into multiple cell types. They are crucial in the formation of tissues and organs and have been studied for use in regenerative medicine. Stem cells can be categorized based on their ability to differentiate, and can be obtained from various sources, including bone marrow, adipose tissue, amniotic cells, umbilical cord, and placental tissue. Platelets are essential for wound healing and maintaining a balance in the body, due to their high concentration of growth factors. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been found to be beneficial for healing soft tissue, bone regeneration, and vascularization of grafts. Research has shown that the optimal therapeutic platelet concentration is four to six times higher than in whole blood. Growth factors like PDGF and TGF-β, which are released by PRP, are linked to cellular remodeling and tissue repair, promoting cell proliferation, matrix synthesis/repair, and nucleus pulposus survival. Autologous PRP therapy is a cost-effective alternative to growth factor injections, making it more accessible to patients in need.

Keywords

regenerative medicinestem cell therapyplatelet-rich plasmaorthobiologicsregenerative therapychronic pain
Type
Chapter
Information
Cambridge Handbook of Pain Medicine , pp. 327 - 331
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

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References

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