Most crisis studies assume that crisis response should end disruption and restore order. This approach effectively upholds the status quo and tends to neglect structural inequalities in society. In particular, gender, race, and class inequalities render some groups more vulnerable than others. Response operations may even further discriminate against marginalized groups. Such discrimination can go unnoticed, since crisis organizations are often characterized by internal discrimination against members of these social groups as well. Alternatively, by explicitly recognizing the political nature of crisis response, frontline personnel can also try to reform society and correct structural inequalities through social transformation, although this is very challenging in practice. The goal of crisis response, therefore, constitutes a dilemma. At the very least, frontline response should avoid reinforcing discrimination and commit to social equity. Striving for more diverse and inclusive organizations would mean a step toward more equitable crisis responses. Even though our expectations should be modest, crisis response operations can and should contribute to fairness and justice.

Although the majority of people who use cannabis do not become addicted, globally there are more people in treatment for cannabis addiction than for any other drug. And as the THC concentration in cannabis has increased, more adolescents are seeking help for cannabis addiction. This chapter addresses the following questions to provide an overview of cannabis addiction. What is the neurobiology that underlies cannabis addiction? What factors make some individuals more vulnerable than others to developing cannabis addiction? Why do only a minority of people who are addicted seek treatment? How effective are currently available pharmacological and psychological treatments? Would delivering therapy remotely increase treatment uptake by reducing stigma? Increasingly across the globe cannabis is available for medicinal use so how can we minimize these patients’ risk of addiction? How can drug policy be used to promote harm reduction by providing a safer, regulated market and lower potency cannabis products?

A focus on care draws attention to the fact that ethical self-cultivation, even in traditions that foreground moral autonomy, relies upon relationships of dependence. The recognition of relational and ethical dependence is familiar to anthropologists and has long been central for feminist ethics. However, the enormous body of anthropological scholarship that has emerged on care over the last decade raises the question of ethical dependence anew. This chapter problematizes the concept of care. It asks: how might ‘care’ as a topic, and as engaged ethnographically, trouble some of the ways that ethical life more broadly has been conceived in the philosophical and anthropological literature? Conversely, how might attention to the ethical stakes of care trouble some of the rich ethnographic scholarship on care? The chapter draws most substantially on anthropological and philosophical scholarship in virtue ethics and in phenomenology to consider both the relational complexities of care and care’s ineffable and elusive ethical dimensions.

Ethiopia is becoming increasingly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Consequently, the government has developed and implemented different policies, strategies, and targeted programmes to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and enhance social-ecological resilience. This chapter provides an overview of how Ethiopia’s ethnic-based federal system, established in 1995, has influenced the institutionalization and effective and efficient governance of climate change mitigation and adaptation actions. The adoption of the ethnic-based federal system has created a wide difference in human and natural capital and level of exposure among regions, which has resulted in disproportionate vulnerability to the impacts of climate change. Similarly, the nature of the federation has induced unhealthy development competition between regions that have increased vulnerability. Though the role of the federal system in devolving power to regions and lower administrative structure to design and implement context-specific actions is commendable, it however, requires revising the arrangement to ensure consistent institutionalization and coherent and long-lasting responses to the impacts of climate change and achieve sustainable development.

This chapter discusses the rights of vulnerable groups (such as women, children, persons with a disability and elderly persons) and group rights as protected by the European Convention on Human Rights, other Council of Europe instruments, in EU law and in international instruments. For the various rights, a short comparison between the different instruments is made.

In Chapter 14, we propose a framework for understanding the interplay between narrative identity, mental illness, and personal recovery. First, narrative identity may constitute a vulnerability to mental illness. If individuals grow up in a narrative ecology characterized by silencing, hostile coauthors, and/or maladaptive vicarious stories, they may struggle to narrate negative events in ways that support a positive view of themselves and others. When encountering stressful events, such vulnerable narrative identities may trigger symptoms in some individuals. Second, narrative identity is affected by psychopathology. Mental illness may disrupt the ongoing life story and give birth to the ill self, the negative self, and the self as different. Simultaneously, individuals may feel that they have lost their previous selves and the projected future becomes uncertain and bleak. Certain healthcare practices and negative master narratives may magnify this toxic change in narrative identity. Third, individuals may work with narrative identity to recover from the damage done by mental illness and negative narrative ecologies. We suggest that such narrative repair addresses the narrative identity costs presented in our analyses (e.g., fear of the ill self and the negative self) and boosts narrative identity resources (e.g., the growing, agentic, and dreaming selves).

This chapter explores a specialized use of the word "free" in Shakespeare's works. It does not deny that Shakespeare often uses term in political and legal senses. What it shows is that Shakespeare also often uses the term to denote a quality of mind or soul, and that this quality can be thought of as a virtue when it is acted upon. The quality is shown to be related to generosity -- or partly constituted by it -- but also to include an element of other-directedness and the possession of what might be called an unarmed ego. The chapter argues that while the term occurs in this sense throughout the Shakespearean corpus, the term is most clearly defined and focused on in one of the great comedies, Twelfth Night. The play is shown to be built around the concept. The chapter then turns to how the term -- that is, the quality -- functions in tragedy. It is shown, in Hamlet, and especially in Othello, to function explicitly as a liability to the protagonist. But this is not seen as undermining its status as a virtue, merely as defining one of the differences between a comic and a tragic world.

As a nurse, you will be called upon to support, care for and protect people who are vastly different from yourself. How you respond to the diversity of human beings will be a measure of your own humanity as well as your professionalism. The NMBA Code of Conduct and the ICN Code of Ethics are designed to support you in this. Certainly, caring does not come as easily to some nurses as it does to others. After all, it is not always pleasant being around incapacitated, sick or grieving people. So why do people want to support the ill or incapacitated? What is it about human nature that causes people to care for each other at all?

Understanding the climate-security nexus requires framing risks and resilience, which often reflects a negative cycle of fragility, climate vulnerability, and human insecurity. Climate actions, however, can enhance a society’s climate resilience and generate pathways toward improved peace and security. These actions include constructing a tighter continuum from humanitarian assistance to development processes, providing early warnings for food security planning, building local capacity to translate early warnings and climate-informed advisories, climate-smart mapping and adaptation planning, designing adaptive safety net programs, and enabling risk finance to facilitate early action. Additional changes and interventions, such as improving multi-level governance, utilizing climate security evidence, creating conflict-sensitive policy, and linking innovation with resilience, can also help break the cycle between climate and conflict, align climate actions to peace objectives, and thereby contribute to a climate-resilient peace.

The defendant, Mr. Howey, had a prominent citrus grove in Florida. Mr. Howey sold real estate contracts with a warranty deed along with a service contract to manage the citrus grove on the land to mostly non-Florida residents staying at a local hotel he owned. The SEC filed suit claiming that Mr. Howey’s real estate contract, warranty deed, and service contract constituted an investment contract. The feminist perspective accounts for the power imbalance between Mr. Howey, a man in a town in which everything bears his name including the town itself, and the purchasers, travelers unaware of practicalities of the citrus business. This power imbalance was characterized by information asymmetry and fraud. The feminist rewritten opinion examines how the Howey test developed in the original opinion is both too detailed and too flexible, which fails to foster a responsible and inclusive investment culture. The commentary argues had Mrs. Howey, who had a significant role in cultivating the land, been given more consideration and protection in the original opinion that securities regulation could more adequately protect employees from exploitation.

This chapter introduces health recovery processes, recommending realistic engagements backed by appropriate conceptual tools. Direct experience supported by the literature warns against linear narratives, ready-made solutions and missions accomplished! The nature of stresses and shocks, and their influence on health systems is discussed. The politics of transition and its implications are highlighted. Situation analysis, debate, and proposed intervention as the main drivers of a sound recovery process are reviewed. A situation analysis covers patterns, trends, and resource levels across a disrupted healthcare landscape including appraisal of vulnerabilities and strengths. An informed, contextualised debate regarding political settlement, demography, economy, privatisation, and urbanisation is needed with all stakeholders. Supporting health recovery processes entails seizing opportunities, while containing harmful drives. Realistic strategies and effective measures must be negotiated with overambitious stakeholders. The chapter concludes with advice on designing, managing, and evaluating recovery-oriented interventions, and readings to deepen the study of health recovery processes.

Many responses to the resurgence of “majority nationalism” assume that that there is nothing normatively significant to the claims of national majorities. They accordingly seek to blunt the force those claims – or simply redescribe them in ways that do not account for majority nationalists’ central commitments or concerns. The very arguments used to ground minority rights in Kymlicka’s works appear to equally justify at least some majority cultural rights. Where a group possesses majority status by reasonably benign means and yet faces threats to its culture through the operation of, for example, globalization, Kymlickean arguments for minority rights grounded in cultural vulnerability equally justify majority cultural rights. In “Nationhood, Multiculturalism, and the Ethics of Membership,” Kymlicka presents justice-based reasons to think that majority rights claims should nonetheless be neutralized. Yet his arguments assume that majority and minority rights claims will only be made within the boundaries of a nation-state and that rights recognition in those circumstances will be a “zero sum” game. This assumption too is unwarranted in a globalized world. The issue of majority rights claims is at least more complicated than what Kymlicka allows.