In this volume, we used civic urbanism as a conceptualframework to better understand how the changingrelationship between the state and civil societyaffects citizen participation in shaping the livingenvironment in Hong Kong, Seoul, Singapore, andTaipei, as well as to understand how these citiesare moving beyond what we call developmentalurbanization. Moreover, we explored how emergingpartnerships between the state and civil societycontribute to building more resilient andparticipatory neighbourhoods and cities byjuxtaposing cases of activism and resistance,collaboration and placemaking, neighbourhoodcommunity building, and self-organization andcommoning in Hong Kong, Seoul, Singapore, andTaipei. The concluding chapter aims to highlight thepossibilities and challenges for civic urbanism bycritically exploring the transformative potentialthat the case studies imply. All of them representan ‘exercise of collective power over the process ofurbanization’ (Harvey, 2012: 4) regardless of theirspecificity, albeit in different degrees. Ourapproach echoes Chen's (2010: 254) notion of Asianinter-referencing as an open-ended method to‘understand different parts of Asia but also toenable a renewed understanding of the self’ whichhas a potential ‘to transcend the existingunderstanding of Asia and thereby change the world’.Although it is beyond the scope of this volume toproject possible changes that our contribution maybring forth in the world, we hope that the relevanceof the cases in this volume reaches well beyond thefour cities.