Book contents
- Neurocritical Care
- Neurocritical Care
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Contributors
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Intracranial Pressure Monitoring and Management
- 3 Disorders of Temperature Regulation
- 4 Approach to Neuroimaging of the Brain, Vessels, and Cerebral Edema
- 5 Airway and Ventilator Management of the Neurologically Critically Ill Patient
- 6 Neurocritical Care Pharmacology
- 7 Intracerebral Hemorrhage
- 8 Correction of Coagulopathy
- 9 Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
- 10 Subdural Hematoma
- 11 Critical Care Management of Neurotrauma
- 12 Critical Care Management before and after Open and Intravascular Procedures
- 13 Shared Decision-Making in the Neuro-ICU
- 14 Status Epilepticus and EEG Monitoring
- 15 Evaluation of the Comatose Patient and Overview of the Brain Death Examination
- Index
- References
9 - Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 19 May 2022
Edited by
Book contents
- Neurocritical Care
- Neurocritical Care
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Contributors
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Intracranial Pressure Monitoring and Management
- 3 Disorders of Temperature Regulation
- 4 Approach to Neuroimaging of the Brain, Vessels, and Cerebral Edema
- 5 Airway and Ventilator Management of the Neurologically Critically Ill Patient
- 6 Neurocritical Care Pharmacology
- 7 Intracerebral Hemorrhage
- 8 Correction of Coagulopathy
- 9 Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
- 10 Subdural Hematoma
- 11 Critical Care Management of Neurotrauma
- 12 Critical Care Management before and after Open and Intravascular Procedures
- 13 Shared Decision-Making in the Neuro-ICU
- 14 Status Epilepticus and EEG Monitoring
- 15 Evaluation of the Comatose Patient and Overview of the Brain Death Examination
- Index
- References
Summary
This chapter discusses the management of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients. The sections review the epidemiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, grading scales, and important complications.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Neurocritical Care , pp. 164 - 183Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2022
References
Etminan, N, Chang, HS, Hackenberg, K, et al. Worldwide incidence of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage according to region, time period, blood pressure, and smoking prevalance in the population (a systematic review and meta-analysis). JAMA Neurol. 2019;76(5):588–97.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Connolly, ES Jr., Rabinstein, AA, Carhuapoma, JR, et al. American Heart Association Stroke Council, Council on Cardiovascular Radiology, Intervention, Council on Cardiovascular Nursing, Council on Cardiovascular Surgery, Anesthesia, Council on Clinical Cardiology. Guidelines for the management of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2012;43:1711–37.Google ScholarPubMed
Eden, SV, Heisler, M, Green, C, Morgenstern, LB. Racial and ethnic disparities in the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases: importance to the practicing neurosurgeon. Neurocrit Care. 2008;9:55–73.Google Scholar
van der Kleij, LA, De Vis, JB, Olivot, JM, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging and cerebral ischemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Stroke. 2017;48:239–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
White, PM, Wardlaw, JM, Easton, V. Can noninvasive imaging accurately depict intracranial aneurysms? A systematic review. Radiology. 2000;217:361–70.Google Scholar
Ahn, SH, Savarraj, JP, Pervez, M, et al. The subarachnoid hemorrhage early brain edema score predicts delayed cerebral ischemia and clinical outcomes. Neurosurgery. 2018;83:137–45.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lanzino, G, D’Urso, PI, Suarez, J, et al. Seizures and anticonvulsants after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurocrit Care. 2011;15:247.Google Scholar
Naidech, AM, Kreiter, KT, Janjua, N, et al. Cardiac troponin elevation, cardiovascular morbidity, and outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Circulation. 2005;112(18):2851–56.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wittstein, IS, Thiemann, DR, Lima, JAC, et al. Neurohumoral features of myocardial stunning due to sudden emotional stress. N Engl J Med. 2005;352:539–48.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lantigua, H, Ortega-Gutierrez, S, Schmidt, JM, et al. Subarachnoid hemorrhage: who dies, and why? Crit Care. August 31, 2015;19(1):309.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Molyneux, AJ, Kerr, RS, Yu, LM, et al. International subarachnoid aneurysm trial (ISAT) of neurosurgical clipping versus endovascular coiling in 2143 patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms: a randomised comparison of effects on survival, dependency, seizures, rebleeding, subgroups, and aneurysm occlusion. Lancet. 2005;366(9488):809–17.Google Scholar
Bederson, JB, Awad, IA, Wiebers, DO, et al. Recommendations for the management of patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms: a statement for healthcare professionals from the Stroke Council of the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2000;102:2300–08.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vergouwen, MD, Vermeulen, M, van Gijn, J, et al. Definition of delayed cerebral ischemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage as an outcome event in clinical trials and observational studies: proposal of a multidisciplinary research group. Stroke. 2010;41:2391–95.Google Scholar
Zwienenberg-Lee, M, Harman, J, Rudisill, N, et al., Balloon Prophylaxis for Aneurysmal Vasospasm (BPAV) Study Group. Effect of prophylactic transluminal balloon angioplasty on cerebral vasospasm and outcome in patients with Fisher grade III subarachnoid hemorrhage: results of a phase II multicenter, randomized, clinical trial. Stroke. 2008;39:1759–65.Google Scholar
Klopfenstein, JD, Kim, LJ, Feiz-Erfan, I. I, et al. Comparison of rapid and gradual weaning from external ventricular drainage in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a prospective randomized trial. J Neurosurg. 2004;100:225–29.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Al-Rawi, PG, Tseng, MY, Richards, HK, et al. Hypertonic saline in patients with poor-grade subarachnoid hemorrhage improves cerebral blood flow, brain tissue oxygen, and pH. Stroke. 2010;41:122–28.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Naidech, AM, Drescher, J, Ault, ML, et al. Higher hemoglobin is associated with less cerebral infarction, poor outcome, and death after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurosurgery. 2006;59(4):775–80.Google Scholar
Naidech, AM, Janjua, N, Kreiter, KT, et al. Predictors and impact of aneurysm rebleeding after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Arch Neurol. 2005;62:410–16.Google Scholar
Lovelock, CE, Rinkel, G, Rothwell, P, et al. Time trends in outcome of subarachnoid hemorrhage: population-based study and systematic review. Neurology. 2010;74(19):1494–501.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mayer, SA, Kreiter, KT, Copeland, D. Global and domain-specific cognitive impairment and outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurology. 2002;59(11):1750–58.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed