Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-qxdb6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-28T09:29:25.512Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

14 - Status Epilepticus and EEG Monitoring

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 May 2022

Andrew M. Naidech
Affiliation:
Northwestern University, Illinois
Get access

Summary

Status epilepticus is a medical emergency that necessitates prompt recognition and treatment in order to prevent serious morbidity and mortality. This book chapter will discuss the pathophysiology, epidemiology, etiology, classification, management, and treatment of status epilepticus, refractory status epilepticus, and super-refractory status epilepticus within the adult intensive care unit (ICU) population. The chapter will then delve into continuous electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring in the ICU with an emphasis on the indication and duration of EEG monitoring as well as a brief discussion of the ictal-interictal continuum.

Type
Chapter
Information
Neurocritical Care , pp. 271 - 294
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Brophy, GM, et al. Guidelines for the evaluation and management of status epilepticus. Neurocrit Care. 2012;17(1):323.Google Scholar
Wasterlain, CG, Chen, JW. Mechanistic and pharmacologic aspects of status epilepticus and its treatment with new antiepileptic drugs. Epilepsia. 2008;49(Suppl 9):6373.Google Scholar
Meldrum, BS, Brierley, JB. Prolonged epileptic seizures in primates: ischemic cell change and its relation to ictal physiological events. Arch Neurol. 1973;28(1):1017.Google Scholar
Sánchez, S, Rincon, F. Status epilepticus: epidemiology and public health needs. J Clin Med. August 16, 2016;5(8):71. doi:10.3390/jcm5080071.Google Scholar
Nelson, SE, Varelas, PN. Status epilepticus, refractory status epilepticus, and super-refractory status epilepticus. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2018;24(6):1683–707.Google Scholar
Trinka, E, et al. A definition and classification of status epilepticus – Report of the ILAE Task Force on Classification of Status Epilepticus. Epilepsia. 2015;56(10):1515–23.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Treiman, DM. A comparison of four treatments for generalized convulsive status epilepticus. N Engl J Med. 1998;339(12):792–98.Google Scholar
Silbergleit, R, et al. RAMPART (Rapid Anticonvulsant Medication Prior to Arrival Trial): a double-blind randomized clinical trial of the efficacy of intramuscular midazolam versus intravenous lorazepam in the prehospital treatment of status epilepticus by paramedics. Epilepsia. 2011;52(Suppl 8):4547.Google Scholar
Glauser, T. Evidence based guideline: treatment of convulsive status epilepticus in children and adults. Epilepsy Currents. 2016;16:4861.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kapur, J, et al. Randomized trial of three anticonvulsant medications for status epilepticus. N Engl J Med. 2019;381(22):2103–13.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
VanHaerents, S, Gerard, EE. Epilepsy emergencies: status epilepticus, acute repetitive seizures, and autoimmune encephalitis. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2019;25(2):454–76.Google ScholarPubMed
DeLorenzo, RJ, et al. A prospective, population-based epidemiologic study of status epilepticus in Richmond, Virginia. Neurology. 1996;46(4):1029–35.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Claassen, J, et al. Detection of electrographic seizures with continuous EEG monitoring in critically ill patients. Neurology. 2004;62(10):1743–48.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Herman, S, Abend, N, Bleck, T. Consensus statement on continuous EEG in critically ill adults and children. J Clin Neurophysiol. 2015;32:8795.Google Scholar
Cormier, J, Maciel, CB, Gilmore, EJ. Ictal-interictal continuum: when to worry about the continuous electroencephalography pattern. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2017;38(6):793806.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×