Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-x4r87 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T16:00:20.975Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

14 - Implications of the Changing Nature of Work for Selection

from Part III - Implications for Talent Management and Impact on Employees

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2020

By
Brian D. Lyons ,
Alexander Alonso ,
Robert H. Moorman  and
Ashley Miller
Edited by
Brian J. Hoffman ,
Mindy K. Shoss  and
Lauren A. Wegman
Brian J. Hoffman
Affiliation:
University of Georgia
Mindy K. Shoss
Affiliation:
University of Central Florida
Lauren A. Wegman
Affiliation:
University of Georgia
Get access

Summary

The changing nature of work compels corresponding changes in organization selection systems. In this chapter, we advocate for competency modeling and propose nine competencies that are becoming more instrumental for success in the modern workforce. We then propose predictor constructs and methods to measure these competencies and new ways to leverage technology in their assessment. Lastly, we discuss four challenges that organizations will face when advancing our solutions: (a) achieving buy-in for competency modeling; (b) the continued recognition of a criterion problem; (c) monitoring applicant reactions; and (d) acknowledging social and ethical issues that may arise with these proposed changes.

Keywords

selectionstaffingpersonnel selectionchanging nature of work
Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Handbook of the Changing Nature of Work , pp. 297 - 317
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ancona, D. (2011). Sensemaking: Framing and acting in the unknown. In Snook, S., Nohria, N., & Khurana, R. (Eds.), The handbook for teaching leadership (pp. 3–19). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.Google Scholar
Ang, S., & Van Dyne, L. (2008). Conceptualization of cultural intelligence: Definition, distinctiveness, and nomological network. In Ang, S. & Van Dyne, L. (Eds.), Handbook on cultural intelligence: Theory, measurement and applications (pp. 3–15). Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe.Google Scholar
Austin, J. T., & Villanova, P. (1992). The criterion problem: 1917–1992. Journal of Applied Psychology, 77, 836–874.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Backman, M. (2018, June 11). Job hopping: Why Millennials resign nearly twice as often as older workers. Retrieved September 5, 2018, from www.usatoday.com/story/money/careers/employment-trends/2018/06/11/why-millennials-resign-more-than-older-workers/35921637/Google Scholar
Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2009). The crossover of work engagement between working couples: A closer look at the role of empathy. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 24, 220–236.Google Scholar
Barley, S. R., Bechky, B. A., & Milliken, F. J. (2017). The changing nature of work: Careers, identities, and work lives in the 21st century. Academy of Management Discoveries, 3, 111–115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bauer, T. N., Truxillo, D. M., Sanchez, R. J., Craig, J. M., Ferrara, P., & Campion, M. A. (2001). Applicant reactions to selection: Development of the selection procedural justice scale (SPJS). Personnel Psychology, 54, 387–419.Google Scholar
Belout, A., & Gauvreau, C. (2004). Factors influencing project success: The impact of human resource management. International Journal of Project Management, 22, 1–11.Google Scholar
Bersin, J. N. (2018). 2018 Deloitte human capital trends report: The rise of the social enterprise. Retrieved August 6, 2018, from www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/insights/us/articles/HCTrends2018/2018-HCtrends_Rise-of-the-social-enterprise.pdfGoogle Scholar
Boudreau, J. W. (2012). Strategic I–O psychology lies beyond HR. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice, 5, 86–91.Google Scholar
Boudreau, J. W., & Ziskin, I. (2015). Black holes & white spaces: Reimagining the future of work and HR with the CHREATE Project. Alexandria, VA: HR People & Strategy.Google Scholar
Boyatzis, R. E., Goleman, D., & Rhee, K. S. (2000). Clustering competence in emotional intelligence: insights from the Emotional Competence Inventory. In Bar-On, R. & Parker, J. D. A. (Eds.), The handbook of emotional intelligence: Theory development, assessment, and application at home, school and in the workplace (pp. 343–361). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.Google Scholar
Buckingham, M., & Goodall, A. (2015). Reinventing performance management. Harvard Business Review, 93, 40–50.Google Scholar
Campion, M. A., Fink, A. A., Ruggeberg, B. J., Carr, L., Phillips, G. M., & Odman, R. B. (2011). Doing competencies well: Best practices in competency modeling. Personnel Psychology, 64, 225–262.Google Scholar
Cappelli, P., & Tavis, A. (2016). The performance management revolution. Harvard Business Review, 94, 58–67.Google Scholar
Caveon Security Insights. (2013). The good and bad of online proctoring. Retrieved August 6, 2018, from www.caveon.com/2013/03/15/the-good-and-bad-of-online-proctoring/Google Scholar
Chang, C. H., Ferris, D. L., Johnson, R. E., Rosen, C. C., & Tan, J. A. (2012). Core self-evaluations: A review and evaluation of the literature. Journal of Management, 38, 81–128.Google Scholar
Christian, M. S., Edwards, B. D., & Bradley, J. C. (2010). Situational judgment tests: Constructs assessed and a meta‐analysis of their criterion‐related validities. Personnel Psychology, 63, 83–117.Google Scholar
Collins, C. J., & Han, J. (2004). Exploring applicant pool quantity and quality: The effects of early recruitment practice strategies, corporate advertising, and firm reputation. Personnel Psychology, 57, 685–717.Google Scholar
Cortina, J. M., Goldstein, N. B., Payne, S. C., Davison, H. K., & Gilliland, S. W. (2000). The incremental validity of interview scores over and above cognitive ability and conscientiousness scores. Personnel Psychology, 53, 325–351.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Daley, C. (2017). Open-sourced AI: The next big step for the gig economy. Retrieved August 6, 2018, from https://aibusiness.com/ai-future-project-management-gig-economy/Google Scholar
Davis, M. H. (1980). A multidimensional approach to individual differences in empathy. JSAS Catalog of Selected Documents in Psychology, 10, 85.Google Scholar
Dees, J. G. (2001). The meaning of “social entrepreneurship.” Retrieved August 6, 2018 from https://entrepreneurship.duke.edu/news-item/the-meaning-of-social-entrepreneurship/Google Scholar
Development Dimensions International (DDI). (2015). Competency management at its most competent. Retrieved August 6, 2018, from www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/za/Documents/human-capital/ZA_Competency_management_at_its_most_competent.pdfGoogle Scholar
Dineen, B. R., & Allen, D. G. (2016). Third party employment branding: Human capital inflows and outflows following “Best Places to Work” certifications. Academy of Management Journal, 59, 90–112.Google Scholar
Dixon, L. (2017). The future of the project management role. Retrieved August 6, 2018 from www.clomedia.com/2017/11/22/future-project-management/Google Scholar
Driggs, W., & Rogers, E. (2018). Building trusted relationships through analytics and experience. Retrieved August 6, 2018, from www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/EY-building-trusted-relationships-through-analytics-and-experience/$FILE/EY-building-trusted-relationships-through-analytics-and-experience.pdfGoogle Scholar
Economist Intelligence Unit & SHRM Foundation. (2014). Future trends in HR and work. Retrieved August 6, 2018, from http://futurehrtrends.eiu.com/report-2016/executive-summary/Google Scholar
Ell, K. (2017, August 9). It’s taking longer than ever to get hired, Glassdoor survey shows. Retrieved August 6, 2018, from www.usatoday.com/story/money/2017/08/09/its-taking-longer-than-ever-get-hired-glassdoor-survey-shows/551001001/Google Scholar
Ghasemaghaei, M., Ebrahimi, S., & Hassanein, K. (2018). Data analytics competency for improving firm decision making performance. Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 27, 221–248.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goldstein, I. L., Zedeck, S., & Schneider, B. (1993). An exploration of the job-analysis-content validity process. In Schmitt, N. and Borman, W. C. (Eds.), Personnel selection in organizations (pp. 3–34). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.Google Scholar
Gonzalez-Mulé, E., Mount, M. K., & Oh, I. S. (2014). A meta-analysis of the relationship between general mental ability and nontask performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 99, 1222–1243.Google Scholar
Green, P. C. (1999). Building robust competencies: Linking human resource systems to organizational strategies. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Inc.Google Scholar
Guenole, N. (2014). Maladaptive personality at work: Exploring the darkness. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice, 7, 85–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hagel, J. III (2018, August 21). 3 kinds of jobs that will thrive as automation advances. Retrieved September 10, 2018, from https://hbr.org/2018/08/3-kinds-of-jobs-that-will-thrive-as-automation-advancesGoogle Scholar
Hausknecht, J. P., Day, D. V., & Thomas, S. C. (2004). Applicant reactions to selection procedures: An updated model and meta‐analysis. Personnel Psychology, 57, 639–683.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hurtz, G. M., & Donovan, J. J. (2000). Personality and job performance: The Big Five revisited. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85, 869.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Institute for Credentialing Excellence (ICE). (2015). Remote proctoring test delivery and trends: A report on options and considerations. Retrieved August 6, 2018, from www.credentialingexcellence.org/Google Scholar
Joseph, D. L., Jin, J., Newman, D. A., & O’Boyle, E. H. (2015). Why does self-reported emotional intelligence predict job performance? A meta-analytic investigation of mixed EI. Journal of Applied Psychology, 100, 298–342.Google Scholar
Judge, T. A., Erez, A., Bono, J. E., & Thoresen, C. J. (2003). The core self‐evaluations scale: Development of a measure. Personnel Psychology, 56, 303–331.Google Scholar
Kane, J., Lajmi, M., & Hontalas, J. (2018). Next generation workforce: The new HR. Accenture. Retrieved August 6, 2018, from www.accenture.com/us-en/insight-next-generation-workforceGoogle Scholar
Kellett, J. B., Humphrey, R. H., & Sleeth, R. G. (2002). Empathy and complex task performance: Two routes to leadership. Leadership Quarterly, 13, 523–544.Google Scholar
Kellett, J. B., Humphrey, R. H., & Sleeth, R. G. (2006). Empathy and the emergence of task and relations leaders. Leadership Quarterly, 17, 146–162.Google Scholar
King, D. W. (2018, March). What’s keeping HR up? Human Resource Executive. Retrieved August 6, 2018, from www.humanresourceexecutive-digital.com/humanresourceexecutive/march_2018?article_id=1361909&pg=25#pg25Google Scholar
Kuncel, N. R., Hezlett, S. A., & Ones, D. S. (2004). Academic performance, career potential, creativity, and job performance: Can one construct predict them all? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 86, 148–161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lawler, E. E. III (1994). From job‐based to competency‐based organizations. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 15, 3–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lievens, F., & Patterson, F. (2011). The validity and incremental validity of knowledge tests, low-fidelity simulations, and high-fidelity simulations for predicting job performance in advanced-level high-stakes selection. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96, 927–940.Google Scholar
Lyons, B. D., Hoffman, B. J., Bommer, W. H., Kennedy, C. L., & Hetrick, A. L. (2016). Off-duty deviance: Organizational policies and evidence for two prevention strategies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 101, 463–483.Google Scholar
Mankins, M. (2017, September 7). How leading companies build the workforces they need to stay ahead. Retrieved May 25, 2018, from https://hbr.org/2017/09/how-leading-companies-build-the-workforces-they-need-to-stay-aheadGoogle Scholar
Manyika, J., Lund, S., Bughin, J., Robinson, K., Mischke, J., & Mahajan, D. (2016, October). Independent work: Choice, necessity, and the gig economy. Retrieved August 6, 2018, from www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/employment-and-growth/independent-work-choice-necessity-and-the-gig-economyGoogle Scholar
Martin, R. L., & Osberg, S. (2007, Spring). Social entrepreneurship: The case for definition. Stanford Social Innovation Review. Retrieved August 6, 2018, from https://ssir.org/articles/entry/social_entrepreneurship_the_case_for_definition#Google Scholar
Martone, D. (2003). A guide to developing a competency‐based performance‐management system. Employment Relations Today, 30, 23–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCarthy, J. M., Bauer, T. N., Truxillo, D. M., Anderson, N. R., Costa, A. C., & Ahmed, S. M. (2017). Applicant perspectives during selection: A review addressing “so what?,” “what’s new?,” and “where to next?” Journal of Management, 43, 1693–1725.Google Scholar
Meriac, J. P., Hoffman, B. J., Woehr, D. J., & Fleisher, M. S. (2008). Further evidence for the validity of assessment center dimensions: A meta-analysis of the incremental criterion-related validity of dimension ratings. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93, 1042–1052.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Motowidlo, S. J., Dunnette, M. D., & Carter, G. W. (1990). An alternative selection procedure: The low-fidelity simulation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 75, 640–647.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nga, J. K. H., & Shamuganathan, G. (2010). The influence of personality traits and demographic factors on social entrepreneurship start up intentions. Journal of Business Ethics, 95, 259–282.Google Scholar
Organ, D. W. (1983). Organizational citizenship behavior: The good soldier syndrome. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.Google Scholar
Ployhart, R. E., & Holtz, B. C. (2008). The diversity–validity dilemma: Strategies for reducing racioethnic and sex subgroup differences and adverse impact in selection. Personnel Psychology, 61, 153–172.Google Scholar
Ployhart, R. E., Schneider, B., & Schmitt, N. (2006). Staffing organizations: Contemporary practice and theory. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar
Priceonomics (2017). The data science diversity gap. Forbes. Retrieved September 4, 2018, from www.forbes.com/sites/priceonomics/2017/09/28/the-data-science-diversity-gap/#26b08345f58bGoogle Scholar
Reynolds, D. H., McCauley, C. D., & Tsacoumis, S. (2018). A critical evaluation of the state of assessment and development for senior leaders. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice.Google Scholar
Rodriguez, D., Patel, R., Bright, A., Gregory, D., & Gowing, M. K. (2002). Developing competency models to promote integrated human resource practices. Human Resource Management, 41, 309–324.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roth, P. L., Bobko, P., & McFarland, L. A. (2005). A meta‐analysis of work sample test validity: Updating and integrating some classic literature. Personnel Psychology, 58(4), 1009–1037.Google Scholar
Roth, P. L., Huffcutt, A. I., & Bobko, P. (2003). Ethnic group differences in measures of job performance: A new meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 694–706.Google Scholar
Royal, C., & Blasingame, D. (2015). Data journalism: An explication. ISOJ Journal, 6(1). Retrieved August 6, 2018, from https://isojjournal.wordpress.com/2015/04/15/data-journalism-an-explication/Google Scholar
Ryan, A. M., Ployhart, R. E., & Friedel, L. A. (1998). Using personality testing to reduce adverse impact: A cautionary note. Journal of Applied Psychology, 83, 298–307.Google Scholar
Ryan, A. M., & Tippins, N. T. (2004). Attracting and selecting: What psychological research tells us. Human Resource Management, 43, 305–318.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sackett, P. R., Lievens, F., Van Iddekinge, C. H., & Kuncel, N. R. (2017). Individual differences and their measurement: A review of 100 years of research. Journal of Applied Psychology, 102, 254–273.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Salm, L. (2017). 70% of employers are snooping candidates’ social media profiles. Retrieved September 6, 2018, from www.careerbuilder.com/advice/social-media-survey-2017.Google Scholar
Sanchez, C. (2018, April 26). Study: Colleges that ditch the SAT and ACT can enhance diversity. Retrieved August 6, 2018, from www.npr.org/sections/ed/2018/04/26/604875394/study-colleges-that-ditch-the-sat-and-act-can-enhance-diversityGoogle Scholar
Sanchez, J. I., & Levine, E. L. (2009). What is (or should be) the difference between competency modeling and traditional job analysis? Human Resource Management Review, 19, 53–63.Google Scholar
Schippmann, J. S., Ash, R. A., Battista, M., Carr, L., Eyde, L. D., Hesketh, B. et al. (2000). The practice of competency modeling. Personnel Psychology, 53, 703–740.Google Scholar
Schmidt, F. L., & Hunter, J. E. (1998). The validity and utility of selection methods in personnel psychology: Practical and theoretical implications of 85 years of research findings. Psychological Bulletin, 124, 262–274.Google Scholar
Silzer, R. & Jeanneret, R. (2011). Individual psychological assessment: A practice and science in search of common ground. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice, 4, 270–296.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Singh, P. (2008). Job analysis for a changing workplace. Human Resource Management Review, 18, 87–99.Google Scholar
Smither, J. W., Reilly, R. R., Millsap, R. E., Pearlman, K., & Stoffey, R. W. (1993). Applicant reactions to selection procedures. Personnel Psychology, 46, 49–76.Google Scholar
Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM). (2015). SHRM research: Workforce readiness and skills shortages. Retrieved August 6, 2018, from www.shrm.org/hr-today/trends-and-forecasting/labor-market-and-economic-data/Documents/Workforce%20Readiness%20and%20Skills%20Shortages.pdfGoogle Scholar
Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM). (2016). The new talent landscape: Recruiting difficulty and skills shortages. Retrieved August 6, 2018, from www.shrm.org/hr-today/trends-and-forecasting/research-and-surveys/Documents/SHRM%20New%20Talent%20Landscape%20Recruiting%20Difficulty%20Skills.pdfGoogle Scholar
Soulier, E., & Caussanel, J. (2002). Narrative tools to improve collaborative sense-making. AAAI Technical Report WS-02-09. Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence. Retrieved August 6, 2018, from www.aaai.org/Papers/Workshops/2002/WS-02-09/WS02-09-002.pdfGoogle Scholar
Trautman, S., & McKee, M. (2014). The power of knowledge transfer: preserving your secret sauce while mitigating talent management risks. Retrieved August 6, 2018, from www.executivecoachglobal.com/the-power-of-knowledge-transfer-preserving-your-secret-sauce-while-mitigating-talent-management-risks/Google Scholar
US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, Civil Service Commission, Department of Labor, & Department of Justice (1978). Adoption by four agencies of uniform guidelines on employee selection procedures. Federal Register, 43, 38290–38315.Google Scholar
Van Iddekinge, C. H., Lanivich, S. E., Roth, P. L., & Junco, E. (2016). Social media for selection? Validity and adverse impact potential of a Facebook-based assessment. Journal of Management, 42, 1811–1835.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Iddekinge, C. H., Roth, P. L., Putka, D. J., & Lanivich, S. E. (2011). Are you interested? A meta-analysis of relations between vocational interests and employee performance and turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96, 1167–1194.Google Scholar
Vollmer, C., Egol, M., & Sayani, N. (2014, Autumn). Reimagine your enterprise: Make human-centered design the heart of your digital agenda. Strategy+Business. Retrieved August 6, 2018, from www.strategy-business.com/article/00258?gko=6626bGoogle Scholar
Wang, K. (2016). Why collaborate? Three frameworks to understand business–NGO partnerships. Retrieved August 6, 2018, from http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/knowledge-transferGoogle Scholar
Wegman, L. A., Hoffman, B. J., Carter, N. T., Twenge, J. M., & Guenole, N. (2018). Placing job characteristics in context: Cross-temporal meta-analysis of changes in job characteristics since 1975. Journal of Management, 44, 352–386.Google Scholar
Wernimont, P. F., & Campbell, J. P. (1968). Signs, samples, and criteria. Journal of Applied Psychology, 52, 372–376.Google Scholar
World Economic Forum. (2016). The future of jobs. Retrieved August 6, 2018, from http://reports.weforum.org/future-of-jobs-2016/skills-stability/#view/fn-13Google Scholar
Zhang, V. (2017). Breaking down the gender gap in data science. Retrieved August 6, 2018, from www.forbes.com/sites/womensmedia/2017/08/03/breaking-down-the-gender-gap-in-data-science/#67b60ca4428Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×