Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-jbqgn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-19T11:01:00.487Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of Mowing on Lateral Spread and Rhizome Growth of Troublesome Paspalum Species

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Gerald M. Henry ,
Michael G. Burton  and
Fred H. Yelverton
Gerald M. Henry*
Affiliation:
Crop Science Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
Michael G. Burton
Affiliation:
Crop Science Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
Fred H. Yelverton
Affiliation:
Crop Science Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: gerald.henry@ttu.edu
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The effect of mowing regime on lateral spread and rhizome growth of dallisgrass and bahiagrass was determined in field studies conducted in 2003 and 2004 in North Carolina over 5 mo. Treatments were selected to simulate mowing regimes common to intensively managed common bermudagrass turfgrass and include 1.3-, 5.2-, and 7.6-cm heights at frequencies of three, two, and two times per week, respectively. A nonmowed check was included for comparison. Lateral spread of dallisgrass was reduced 38 to 47% regardless of mowing regime when compared with the nonmowed check. Rhizome fresh weight of dallisgrass was reduced 49% in 2003 and 30% in 2004 when mowed at the 7.6-cm regime after 5 mo, whereas the 5.2-cm mowing regime caused a reduction of 31%. Rhizome fresh weight of dallisgrass was most negatively affected by the 1.3-cm regime, which caused reductions of 57% in 2003 and 37% in 2004. Lateral spread of bahiagrass was more strongly affected by mowing height and frequency than dallisgrass, with reductions of 21 to 27%, 40%, and 44 to 62% when mowed at 7.6, 5.2, and 1.3-cm regimes, respectively. Rhizome fresh weight of bahiagrass was reduced 24 to 33%, 55%, and 70 to 73% when mowed at 7.6, 5.2, and 1.3 cm, respectively. Based upon these results, areas mowed at a golf course rough height (≥ 5.2 cm) may be more conducive to bahiagrass spread, whereas dallisgrass may tolerate areas mowed at a fairway height (1.3 cm). Mowing at the shorter heights examined in this study clearly reduced the potential of Paspalum spp. vegetative spread and may help to explain observed distributions of Paspalum spp. infestations in bermudagrass turfgrass.

Keywords

Bahiagrass, Paspalum notatum Flueggé PASNObermudagrass, Cynodon dactylon (L.) Persdallisgrass, Paspalum dilatatum Poir. PASDIGolf course weedsrhizome productionturfgrass
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 55 , Issue 5 , October 2007 , pp. 486 - 490
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Adams, W. A. 1980. Effects of nitrogen fertilization and cutting height on the shoot growth, nutrient removal, and turfgrass composition of an initially perennial ryegrass dominant sports turf. Pages 343–350. in Beard, J.B. ed. Proceedings of the 3rd International Turfgrass Research Conference. Madison, WI ASA, CSSA, SSSA, and International Turfgrass Society.Google Scholar
Bunnell, B. T., Baker, R. D., McCarty, L. B., Hall, D. W., and Colvin, D. L. 2003. Differential response of five bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) cultivars to metsulfuron. Weed Technol. 17:550–553.Google Scholar
Bush, E. W., Owings, A. D., Shepard, D. P., and McCrimmon, J. N. 2000. Mowing height and nitrogen rate affect turf quality and vegetative growth of common carpetgrass. Hortscience. 35:760–762.Google Scholar
Dernoeden, P. H., Carroll, M. J., and Krouse, J. M. 1993. Weed management and tall fescue quality as influenced by mowing, nitrogen, and herbicides. Crop Sci. 33:1055–1061.Google Scholar
Henry, G. M., Burton, M. G., and Yelverton, F. H. 2006a. Use of GPS and controlled environment experiments to examine factors affecting Paspalum species distribution. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 59:177.Google Scholar
Henry, G. M., Burton, M. G., and Yelverton, F. H. 2006b. Response of dallisgrass and bahiagrass along a soil moisture gradient. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 60:11.Google Scholar
Henry, G. M., Yelverton, F. H., and Burton, M. G. 2007. Dallisgrass (Paspalum dilatatum Poir.) control with foramsulfuron in bermudagrass turf. Weed Technol. In press.Google Scholar
Henskens, F. L. F. 1998. Mechanical defoliation as a management tool for kyllinga (Cyperus brevifolius) in irrigated pasture. Plant Prot. Q. 13:131–135.Google Scholar
Jagschitz, J. A. and Ebdon, J. S. 1985. Influence of mowing, fertilizer and herbicide on crabgrass infestation in red fescue turf. Pages 699–704. in Lemaire, F. ed. Proceedings of the 5th International Turfgrass Research Conference. Paris Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique.Google Scholar
Johnson, B. J. 1979. Bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) and common lespedeza (Lespedeza striata) control with herbicides in centipedegrass (Eremochloa ophiuroides). Weed Sci. 27:346–349.Google Scholar
Loreti, J. and Oesterheld, M. 1996. Intraspecific variation in the resistance to flooding and drought in populations of Paspalum dilatatum from different topographic positions. Oecologia. 108:279–284.Google Scholar
Lowe, D. B., Whitwell, T., McCarty, L. B., and Bridges, W. C. 2000. Mowing and nitrogen influence green kyllinga (Kyllinga brevifolia) infestation in Tifway bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon × C. transvaalensis) turf. Weed Technol. 14:471–475.Google Scholar
Miller, G. L. and McCarty, L. B. 2001. Water relations and rooting characteristics of three Stenotaphrum secundatum turf cultivars grown under water deficit conditions. Int. Turfgrass Soc. Res. J. 9:323–327.Google Scholar
Ricker, D. B., Willis, J. B., McCall, D. S., and Askew, S. D. 2005. Dallisgrass control with foramsulfuron. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 58:125.Google Scholar
Rubio, G., Casasola, G., and Lavado, R. S. 1995. Adaptations and biomass production of two grasses in response to waterlogging and soil nutrient enrichment. Oecologia. 102:102–105.Google Scholar
Rubio, G. and Lavado, R. S. 1999. Acquisition and allocation of resources in two waterlogging-tolerant grasses. New Phytol. 143:539–546.Google Scholar
Stoll, P., Egli, P., and Schmid, B. 1998. Plant foraging and rhizome growth patterns of Solidago altissima in response to mowing and fertilizer application. J. Ecol. 86:341–354.Google Scholar
Summerlin, J. R. Jr., Coble, H. D., and Yelverton, F. H. 2000. Effect of mowing on perennial sedges. Weed Sci. 48:501–507.Google Scholar
Voigt, T. B., Fermanian, T. W., and Haley, J. E. 2001. Influence of mowing and nitrogen fertility on tall fescue turf. Int. Turfgrass Soc. Res. J. 9:953–956.Google Scholar
Warren, L. S., Murphy, T. R., Gannon, T. W., and Yelverton, F. H. 2006. Dallisgrass control with MSMA and timings of sulfosulfuron and foramsulfuron. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 59:129.Google Scholar
Wilen, C. A. and Holt, J. S. 1996. Spatial growth of kikuyugrass (Pennisetum clandestinum). Weed Sci. 44:323–330.Google Scholar
Williams, E. D. 1984. Changes during 3 years in the size and composition of the seed bank beneath a long-term pasture as influenced by defoliation and fertilizer regime. J. Appl. Ecol. 21:603–615.Google Scholar