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⁹ Mayall, James, ‘Self-determination and the OAU’, in Lewis, I. M. (ed.), Nationalism and Self Determination in the Horn of Africa (London, 1983), pp. 80–5.Google Scholar

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¹² Lemarchand, op. cit. p. 169.

¹³ Smart, Barry, Michel Foucault (London, 1985), pp. 67–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

¹⁴ My encapsulation of the mechanics of the ‘régime of truth’ as the ‘decoding of history and the encoding of reality’ owes a great deal to Hughes, William, University of California, Davis.Google Scholar

¹⁵ Keller, Edmond J., Revolutionary Ethiopia: from empire to people's republic (Bloomington and Indianapolis, 1988).Google Scholar

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¹⁹ For example, see Erlich, Haggai, Ethiopia and the Challenge to Independence (Boulder, CO, 1985), pp. 202–8.Google Scholar

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²² For example, Nigeria is a relatively powerful oil-producing nation which has not utilised its economic clout to impose hegemony on the region, although it did succeed in quelling various rebellions within the federal structure and has played an active rôle in the deployment of multinational forces in Liberia. See Nwokedi, Emeka, ‘Le Myth d'un leadership nigérian dans les relations inter-africains’, in Études internationales (Quebec), 22, 2, 06 1991, pp. 357–68.Google Scholar

²³ See, for example, Abrahams, Peter, A Wreath for Udomo (London, 1956) which emphasises betrayalGoogle Scholar, and Mazrui, Ali A., The Trial of Christopher Okigbo (London, 1971) which focuses on the tragic loss of Africa's youth in the post-colonial wars. The implicit message of both is the inevitable clash between state- and people-oriented nationalism. Although it may not have been the intention of these two authors to legitimate the extreme actions of some African régimes, their works attest to the idealism of the first-generation of anti-colonial African nationalists enamoured of the vision of a pan-Africanist regional order.Google Scholar

²⁴ Addis Zemen (Addis Ababa), 19 06 and 5 07 1991.Google Scholar

²⁵ ‘Principles of Cooperation Between the Transitional Government of Ethiopia and the Provisional Government of Eritrea’, Addis Ababa, 1991.Google Scholar

²⁶ Addis Zemen, 5 July 1991.

²⁷ Hadas Ertra (Asmara), 3 10 1992.Google Scholar

²⁸ Ibid. 7 October 1992.

²⁹ United Nations General Assembly, New York, Forty-Seventh Session, Third Committee, Agenda item 97(b), A/C.3/47/L.20/Rev.1, 10 11 1992.Google Scholar

³⁰ The Economist (London), 1 05 1993, p. 6.Google Scholar

³¹ Statement by Mesfin, H. E. Seyoum, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Transitional Government of Ethiopia, at the U.N. General Assembly, 5 October 1992.Google Scholar