OBJECTIVES/GOALS: To provide a translation of health sciences and research to a low-income population and elevate the role of science in personal health and career pathways through the implementation of a STEM-focused, researcher-led, school-community event. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Through a strong school district partnership, families from two urban, low-income, high-minority middle schools were invited to attend an academic-community event entitled, Full STEM Ahead in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Thirty-five Penn State and community partners engaged participants in discovery-focused learning through activity stations. Topic areas included: 3D printing in medicine, herd immunity, HPV cancer prevention, lung health, and germ prevention. Evaluation data from participants and organizational partners was collected to assess process outcomes and qualitative feedback. This event was part of a randomized controlled trial to improve attitudes toward adolescent vaccination. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Seventy-four parents and students participated in the two-hour event. Evaluation data indicated that 100% of participants who completed the evaluation rated the event as “good” or “excellent” and agreed that they “learned something new.” Specific qualitative feedback indicated that participants enjoyed the STEM information and various learning activities offered. School district leadership hopes to continue the partnership to host the event in future years and expand to other schools, offering an opportunity for academic-community collaboration. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: This event was an innovative approach to connect low-income communities with science and potentially effective in engaging participants in learning. Similar opportunities should be explored to bridge the gap between research and community engagement, especially to increase research awareness.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Women within the ages of 65-75 have a lower incidence of heart failure than men.However,after the age of 75, the incidence of HF in womentriples,matchingthat of men.(Lloyd-Jones etal., 2002)Overall, women with heart failure live longer at the expense of presenting moresevere symptoms and poorer perceived quality of life.Generally, women with heart failurereceive suboptimal treatment throughout their lifetime. In fact, women are more likely todevelop heart failure after myocardial infarction. This trend is, in part, because physicians areless strict when treating them.(Chou et al., 2007)Studies in heart failure by ethnicity have shown that, despite equal access to healthcare, Hispanic women have higher rates of readmission than Non-Hispanic-white (NHW) women. (Durstenfeld, Ogedegbe, Katz, Park, &Blecker, 2016)One study in Boston demonstrated that Puerto Rican Women have higher rates of diabetes, obesity, and chronic kidney disease compared to blacks and NHW women.(Todorova, Tejada, & Castaneda-Sceppa, 2014)These are cardiovascular risk factors that warrant further study in Puerto Rican women living on the island, but data are lacking. Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the gender disparities in presentation, management, and outcomes in Puerto Rican Hispanic hospitalized for heart failure METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: To this end, we will perform a secondary analysis of data from the PR CardiovascularSurveillance Study (PRCSS). We will extract personal data from 4,461 medical records of patients admitted with heart failure (ICD-9 Codes 428) at 21 hospitals in Puerto Rico, during theyears2007, 2009 and 2011. For statistical methods, we will implement chi-square and t-tests at a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We expect to find that women will have: fewer interventions, less optimized heart failure medication, higher BNP, older age of diagnosis, but paradoxically better outcome than male counterparts of the same age. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: With this study, we would like to raise awareness about gender-specific health disparities Puerto Rican Hispanic women with heart failure experience while hospitalized.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Healthcare costs for falls are expected to reach nearly 55 billion dollars annually in the US by 2020. Leveraging 911 calls as trigger events to activate fall prevention solutions could transform our ability to identify high-risk individuals and significantly improve fall prevention strategies globally. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: An innovative pilot program entitled Community-centered Fall Intervention Team (Community FIT). Community FIT that leverages 911 calls, implementation science approaches, community partnerships, and collaboration among multiple healthcare disciplines including physical therapists, community paramedics, physicians, and social service coordinators was used to design and implement a community paramedicine fall intervention program. 911 call reports from February 2016 – August 2019 were analyzed using time series analyses to measure community level outcomes in fall-related calls and transports. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: 224 grab bars were installed free of charge to local residents (averaging approximately $125 per home for modifications).Over an 18-month period, time series analysis indicated an approximate demonstrated a consistent drop in the average fall-related 911 calls per month from 11.6 to 4.5 calls (a change of 61.21%) and a decrease of 58% in the transport rates to the hospital for fall-related 911 calls. 911 referrals to the community paramedicine program have also increased by 83%, demonstrating increased activation of fall prevention strategies with Community FIT. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Collectively, these pilot study results provide preliminary support for individual and system level improvements in fall prevention by leveraging 911 calls to activate a community medicine fall prevention program. Future studies are needed to determine reach, long-term effectiveness, and sustainability of the program. CONFLICT OF INTEREST DESCRIPTION: Johnson & Johnson Hip Fracture Advisory Board (not related to project submission)

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: In March 2019, Duke updated recruitment guidelines and adopted an “Engagement” policy that requires patients to ‘opt-out’ of communications regarding potential research participation. This created an opportunity to evaluate recruitment for ongoing clinical studies pre and post implementation. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Implementation of the new policy required new training for study teams, modification to recruitment plans, and expansion of ongoing efforts to improve direct-to-patient messaging through EPIC/MyChart tools. The impact of this new policy on overall recruitment was monitored and characterized both prior to and after implementation of the policy. Customized MyChart messages have been generated for over 22 studies, with a total of 41,386 messages sent to potential participants. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Only a small number of study teams have modified their recruitment plans with transition to the new policy. This may be related to lack of understanding about policy implementation, potential recruitment opportunities, required training, resource limitations, etc. However, our case study, TMIST, had an 48% improvement in average enrollment within the first 2 months of implementation, and an almost 40% improvement in recruitment efficiency. Since becoming an “opt-out” institution, 11 study teams have implemented direct-to-patient recruitment via the MyChart patient portal. One unintended consequence we’ve noted is several different study invitations to potential participants within some patient populations. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: The new policy allows study teams to engage in direct-to-patient outreach, leading to an increase in enrollment for some studies. Incorporation of direct-to-patient messaging strategies can be a cost and resource saving measure to improve recruitment. The need to recruit similar populations demonstrated that strategic, thoughtful approaches are needed.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS:

• Conduct an environmental scan of Marion County (Indianapolis) neighborhoods using electronic medical record data, state health data, and social and economic data

• Develop strong network of community collaborators

• Conduct a thorough assessment for each targeted neighborhood by listening and understanding the pressing health issues in the community and working together to design and deliver solutions

METHODS/STUDY POPULATION:

• Identify measures in the 3 domains of vulnerability, health and assets for the targeted neighborhoods and conduct bivariate descriptive statistics and multivariable regression analyses to investigate association between measures of vulnerability and health outcomes.

• Initiate relationships with leaders and residents in targeted neighborhoods

• Locate organizations working in targeted neighborhoods through online mapping software and word-of-mouth at neighborhood events, and created a spreadsheet with contact information.

• Conduct multidisciplinary assessment (i.e. key informant interviews, focus groups, town hall meetings) of the targeted neighborhood.

• Iteratively synthesize assessments to develop areas of interest and relevance to the community.

• Develop a road map for solutions identified by the community.

RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The results from the environmental scan conducted will be displayed in a report and visual “map” of health outcomes and health determinants, including assets and barriers for the targeted neighborhoods. The research team will use results from the environmental scan coupled with listening activities including attendance at community events, key informant interviews and focus groups to develop relationships and strong collaborations with the targeted neighborhood stakeholders. The relationship building between the research team and community will provide increased trust and engagement that will further enhance the effectiveness of the assessments completed with the targeted neighborhood. The assessments will help to empower communities to develop sustainable solutions and drive future work that will lead to future grant applications and larger-scale implementation in other community impact hub neighborhoods. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Through the community impact hub work, we will develop collaborative efforts with targeted neighborhoods with the greatest health inequities in the Marion County area. In partnership with these neighborhoods, we will build a foundation – a network of community collaborators and a focused plan – upon which we will improve the health outcomes of residents while learning best practices on how to do so.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS:

• The podcasts highlight work from our partners: Indiana University, Purdue University and the University of Notre Dame.

• Our goal is to expand our podcast reach to include work from at least three additional CTSAs, as well as highlighting the benefits of translational research to the public.

METHODS/STUDY POPULATION:

• Aaron E. Carroll, is the director of Education and Workforce Development for the Indiana CTSI and a popular writer covering health, research, and policy for The New York Times. He is host of the Indiana CTSI-sponsored Healthcare Triage podcasts as well as the Healthcare Triage YouTube show, with 340,000 subscribers. We will leverage his audience and research expertise to grow the Indiana CTSI podcast participation and increase audience engagement.

• We will eventually allow the nation-wide network of CTSAs to pitch guests and shows covering Translational Research, and invite local CTSA leadership or faculty to participate in the podcast.

RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS:

• Utilizing quantitative analytics, we expect to see a significant increase in podcast downloads and listeners as we expand our offering to other CTSAs, beyond Indiana

• We expect that the CTSA-wide podcast will increase the nationwide level of knowledge and understanding of NCATS, translational research, and its benefits to society and healthcare.

• We anticipate, through this expanded podcast offering, a growing number of community members who are informed and engaged on the topics of translational research, clinical and translational sciences and beyond.

DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT:

• Podcasts are a convenient, portable, and efficient form of science communication.

• Podcasts also make information personal and offer us an excellent and innovative communications vehicle to spread the word about translational research, as well as the excellent work happening at each of our CTSAs.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: One of the most significant challenges to community engagement experienced by Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) institutions is inadequate capacity of academic and community partners to engage in collaborative research. Several CTSAs within the consortium provide consultation services to help address this gap. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: For over 10 years, the Michigan Institute for Clinical and Health Research (MICHR), a CTSA at the University of Michigan, has provided CEnR-specific consultations to partners seeking support for a variety of needs. Consultations can be requested for assistance with identifying potential partners, developing partnership infrastructure, finding CEnR funding opportunities, and incorporating CEnR approaches into research plans. When a consultation is requested, MICHR’s Community Engagement (CE) Program responds by planning a meeting with staff and faculty who have relevant skills, expertise, and connections. After the initial meeting, the CE Program provides follow-up communication and support based on the needs of the specific request, and often facilitates connections with potential partners. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The two most frequent types of consultation requests involve 1) making connections with potential researchers or community partner organizations, and 2) providing guidance on research grant applications that involve community engagement. MICHR provides approximately 50 CEnR consultations each year, which have resulted in development of new partnerships, grant submissions, and research projects that utilize CEnR principles and address community-identified health priorities. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: This presentation will describe the evolution of MICHR’s CEnR consultation process and highlight successful outcomes and lessons learned over its 12-year history. CONFLICT OF INTEREST DESCRIPTION: NA

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Many museums and art spaces conduct programming intended to improve health outcomes, but arts professionals’ perceptions of these programs are not well known. This study describes arts professionals’ experiences with museum and art-space interventions intended to improve health. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: A 14-item digital Qualtrics survey was administered to museums and arts organizations selected using snowball sampling. The survey was sent to a range of arts and cultural organizations and professional membership bodies in the US and UK. Survey questions assessed the range of audiences involved in health programs, what types of activities museums and arts organizations are offering to support health outcomes, and how programs are evaluated. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: From 10/30/19-11/19/19, 151 surveys were completed; 66 respondents (44%) have a museum/arts in health program. Common target populations include individuals with mental health concerns (33, 22%) and older adults (26, 17%). Improving wellbeing (56, 37%) and social isolation (50, 33%) were the most common intended outcomes. Respondents reported using a variety of program evaluation methods including formal (23, 15%), informal (31, 21%), and anecdotal (37, 25%). Interviews are planned with a purposive sample of respondents conducting, or interested in conducting, a program for individuals with chronic pain and those formally evaluating their programs. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Interim survey responses indicate many cultural organizations engage in programming intended to improve health outcomes. Understanding the cultural sector’s current efforts to improve health represents an initial step in translating these efforts into effective intersectoral research partnerships.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Louisiana state law does not require sex-education (SE) in public schools. Locally and nationally, religious identity and beliefs are often invoked to oppose access to sexual and reproductive healthcare and education. This study aimed to explore support for SE among Louisiana parents, focusing on how religiosity may influence parent support for SE. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Participants included 1,197 Louisiana parents and caregivers of children in grades K-12 who completed a web-based survey. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine associations between covariates and support for SE. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Sixty-eight percent of parents reported that their overall approach to life is based on their religion or faith. Of those parents, 77% agreed that schools should be required to offer SE. In multivariate analysis, parents who reported that their whole approach to life is based on their religion on faith were 26% less likely to support required SE compared to parents whose whole approach to life was not based on their religion; however, this difference was not statistically significant (adjusted OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.44-1.24). Although support for required SE declined as religiosity increased, a strong majority of parents support requiring SE in Louisiana schools, regardless of religiosity. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Contrary to opposition claims, strong support for SE exists among Louisiana parents and caregivers of faith. Parents and leaders of faith may be engaged as partners in advocacy for SE as well as other sexual and reproductive health issues.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: While there are many well-documented factors for racial/ethnic variation in discharge destination, less is known about the role hospital processes play. We hypothesize that variation in hospital processes -defined as the patient length of stay (LOS) adjusted for known confounders - explains racial/ethnic variation in discharge destination. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Our sample was 176,686 discharges from 165 hospitals in 2014 using the New York State Inpatient Dataset from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, merged with the 2014 American Hospital Association Annual Survey to build a file of inpatient discharges with patient, disease and socio-economic characteristics. We excluded patients under 18 years, those with LOS of zero, those who died, those admitted to critical access hospitals, and patients from hospitals that lacked sufficient number of minority patients. We used a generalized linear mixed effects model to create an in-hospital risk-adjusted LOS by modelling the relationship between the interaction of race and discharge destination and LOS, controlling for known confounders such as patient, disease and between-hospital characteristics. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Mean age of sample was 56.5 years, 57.3 % female, 54.9% white, 18.9% black and 13.1% Hispanic; 64.3% were discharged home, 15.8% to a skilled nursing or other intermediate care facility, 15.5% to home with home care and 2.4% left against medical advice. The top 3 discharge diagnoses were vaginal delivery (6.3% of discharges), psychosis (4.7%), and major joint replacement (2.9%). In adjusted analysis compared to white patients, black and Hispanic patients did not have an risk of increased LOS after being discharged to non-home destinations vs. discharged home, (black patients, adjusted OR [AOR], 0.97; 95% CI: 0.94-1.00, p = 0.08; Hispanic patients, AOR, 1.01; 95% CI: 0.98 – 1.05, p = 0.5). However, being black compared to white and discharge to non-home destinations significantly increased LOS. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: In this large sample of patients admitted for inpatient care in 2014 in New York, we found no independent effect between race and discharge destination on a patient’s LOS after controlling for patient, disease and between-hospital characteristics. However race/ethnicity increased LOS, suggesting its effect may play a role on in-hospital processes CONFLICT OF INTEREST DESCRIPTION: Dr. Ghosh has no relevant relationships with commercial interests to disclose Dr. Ibrahim has no relevant relationships with commercial interests to disclose

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: 1) illustrate the varied challenges individuals with a cocaine use disorder experience in daily life, 2) demonstrate techniques for empathizing and building rapport with potential subjects, and 3) identify recruitment obstacles and solutions. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Methods: We use a multi-source strategy to recruit our participants and employ practical techniques to enhance protocol adherence. Methods include a welcoming environment, establishing a routine with flexibility, personalized attention, and incentives for participation. Study population: Individuals with a cocaine use disorder. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Understanding the life of an individual with a cocaine use disorder is paramount to successful recruitment and retention in addiction research studies. Our clinicians have been able to recruit and retain participants successfully by employing empathetic interpersonal skills, personalized attention, and health-related incentives. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimated that 69,029 people died of a drug overdose during the period from February 2018 to February 2019, with 23%, due to cocaine. While methadone and buprenorphine-naloxone maintenance treatment allow opioid-dependent individuals achieve a sense of physical and mental stability, there is no pharmaceutical treatment to help a cocaine-dependent individual cope with cravings or the depression and anxiety that typically follow a cocaine binge. The development of a cocaine use disorder is multi-factorial and presents a significant challenge in terms of discovering treatments, identifying efficient recruitment and retention strategies is the first step for effective research.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: To assess researchers’ experiences working with community advisory boards (CABs) and how community member/patient stakeholder feedback impacted the research. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Researchers (N = 34) who presented their research to a Mayo Clinic CAB (at MN, AZ, or FL) from 2014-2017 were invited to participate in an interview in-person or by phone averaging 10-15 min. Researchers were asked “In what ways did the feedback you received from the CAB influence your research?” The validated structured 7-item interview included domains assessing potential influence that CABs had on the research: 1) Pre-research (e.g., generated ideas), 2) Infrastructure (e.g., budget preparation), 3) Research design, 4) Implementation (e.g., research recruitment), 5) Analysis, 6) Dissemination, and 7) Post-research (e.g., assist in formulating next steps). RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: 17 interviews were completed (8 no longer at Mayo, 9 no response). Researchers presented their study to a CAB a mean of 4 years (range 3-5) before the interview. Researchers reported that the CAB had influenced their research in the following domains: 24% in pre-research, 24% infrastructure, 41% study design, 41% implementation, 6% analysis, 24% dissemination, and 18% for post-research activities. The mean total score was = 1.8 (SD = 1.7, range 0-6), of a possible range of 0-7. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Impact of CAB feedback on the research was moderate. Ways to enhance impact could include follow-up with researchers and CAB members.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Achieving therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) involves navigating through a complex cascade of care. Non-HCC cancer mortality has been associated with social determinants of health outside of cancer specific risk. Our objective is to explore the impact of social determinants on HCC outcomes. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Patients with HCC were enrolled from 3 hospitals form June, 1 2019 to December 1, 2019. A chart review was done to collect information on liver disease severity and cancer stage. Patients were interviewed to collect information on the following: 1) socioeconomic status (income, education, insurance status, and employment status), 2) literacy (Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (REALM-R) and Brief Health Literacy Screening Tool (BREIF)), 3) social support (Patent Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) instrumental and information support tool), 4) quality of life (PROMIS global and mental health tool), 5) substance abuse, and 6) linkage to care. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Data compiled on the social determinants of health revealed (n = 35): 1) 60.0% of patients had incomes below $30,000 per year, 60.0% of patients had not gone past high school for education, and 8.6% had full time employment, 2) the average BREIF score was 10.3 (range 3-15)(4-12 indicate limited literacy). The average REALM-R score was 5.5 (range 0-8) (<6 indicate at risk for poor literacy), 3) patients had strong instrumental (T score 61.4±7.1) and information social support (T score 64.6±4.7) (mean T scores calibrated to a general population mean of 50), 4) patients had poor mental (T score 43.7 ±6.5) and physical quality of life (T score 46.6 ±9.9), 5) 25.7% of patients reported alcohol use in the past 90 days 6) 80.0% of patients reported that their doctor had spoken to them about liver transplantation. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: This patient population was well linked to care with good social support. However their literacy, socioeconomic status, mental and global health was poor and substance use history complex. Continued follow up of this cohort is planned to determine how these factors might impact their ability to navigate through the care cascade as well as survival.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Undergraduates experience food insecurity at rates 21% higher than the general population. Because professional students have been omitted from these studies, the goal of this project is to determine the prevalence of food insecurity among medical students at one academic institution. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: A cross-sectional research design was used to quantify the food insecurity status of medical students at the University of Utah. The USDA’s validated 6-item Food Security Survey Module was distributed via email to all currently matriculated medical students. Student’s responses were anonymous but questions about gender and age were included. Respondents (N = 200) were scored per the module as food secure, food insecure, or very low food security. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Statistical analysis included frequencies and chi-square tests. Medical students (N = 166) showed 50.6% of respondents experienced food insecurity in the past 12 months, 16.3% experienced very low food security.While there were no significant relationships between food security status and gender or age, general trends did show divorced and separated students had higher food insecurity risk 82%. A similar study in 2014 surveyed undergraduates at the same location; 51% of respondents (N = 221) experienced food insecurity. While medical students experience food insecurity at rates much higher than the national average, prevalence is lower than undergraduates at the same institution. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Burnout and suicide in medical training are at an all-time high; professional and academic pursuits are limited when physiological needs of food security are not being met. Study results suggest, 50% of respondents are food insecure. This should inform the development of supportive programs.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Asthma is a life-long, chronic lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. Its effects on quality of life in children can be exacerbated. The goal of this study was to investigate the link between asthma, family structure and demographics and how it impacts quality of life in children. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We analyzed data from a cross sectional study of the 2016-2017 National Survey of Children’s Health, NSCH, to assess the relationship between determinants of health variables and the outcome variable of parent’s report of child’s perceived health status (quality of life). The study population was children under the age of 18. Data were analyzed using descriptive, bivariate analysis using Chi square, and multiple logistic regression of quality of life and family structure adjusting for confounding variables. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The study included 5,687 children. Significant predictors of asthmatic children’s quality of life were severity of asthma, self-perceived mental/physical health status of adults, neighborhood safety for children (p <0.05). The interaction between family structure and asthma severity was significant indicating that asthma severity was an effect modifier. Among children with mild asthma, predictors of quality of life were self-perceived mental/physical health status of adults in the household, neighborhood safety of children, physical activity status of children (p<0.05). Among children with severe asthma, predictors were family structure and physical/mental health of adults (p<0.05). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: This study suggests children with severe asthma who are born to single mothers with lower parental reporting of physical/mental health status had a lower quality of life. A longitudinal study could be implemented to target these three measures to improve quality of life among these children. Also, a culturally adapted intervention involving community, parents, and providers is needed to improve the quality of life of the children with asthma.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Using a human-centered approach, IDEO, a nationally-renown human-centered design team, and Research Jam, Indiana CTSI’s patient engagement core, integrated and tailored complimentary programs to address the challenges of engaging mothers with opioid misuse around the time of birth. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Gathered data through focus groups, site visits, and one-on-one interviews with key stakeholders: mothers in opioid use recovery, peer recovery coaches, and other people living with or directly affected by opioid use disorder (OUD). RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Themes emerged around stigma (e.g., constant judgment, majority of interactions focused on addiction, addiction comes from bad choices), the healthcare system (e.g., healthcare system bias and stigma, misalignment of services and timing of need, no support for support network), and relating to recovery (very variable but generally ambiguous and uncertain process and outcomes, importance of peer recovery coaches, importance of community resources). Identified themes were used to create insights that informed the underlying concepts of an engagement strategy including support and resources for recovery coaches, and education materials for mothers with OUD. One of human-centered design’s strengths is iteration, and the materials created for this have yet to be tested and refined thoroughly to be meaningful and lasting interventions. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Considerable insights into the lived experience of those experiencing OUD and those who support these individuals yielded tangible ways to test improved engagement and recruitment of women with OUD at the time of birth.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS:

1. 1. Identify patient-level factors associated with hemoglobin A1c reduction and sustained device use after 12months of participation in a diabetes and hypertension remote monitoring program

2. 2. Utilize qualitative methodology to characterize key barriers and facilitators to remote monitoring engagement

METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: All participants in statewide quality improvement initiative utilizing a cellular-enabled device with glucose and blood pressure monitoring capability will be included in quantitative analysis (N = 302 at baseline and N = 125 at 6 months at the time of analysis). We developed multilevel regression analyses to model factors associated with clinical outcome (hemoglobin A1c change) and transmission frequency over time. Focus groups and surveys will be conducted to identify barriers and facilitators to continued data transmission and hemoglobin A1c change over 12 months. Semi-structured interview guides are mapped to Wagner’s Chronic Care Model. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Overall, program participation was associated with 1.8% and 1.3% A1c reduction at 6 (n = 302) and 12 months (n = 125). Regression models showed no association of age, gender, race, income, or insurance with hemoglobin A1c change. Modeling of patient factors associated with sustained transmission frequency or device use is ongoing. Patient focus groups and surveys are currently being scheduled and qualitative data will be analyzed using content analysis. After completing qualitative and quantitative data analyses independently, we will use graphical matrix configurations (“joint displays”) to synthesize findings. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Our goal is to identify variables associated with the likelihood of patients to engage in and benefit from sustained remote monitoring. Results may inform health policy and guide recruitment approaches, implementation strategies, and methodologic design for future trials. CONFLICT OF INTEREST DESCRIPTION: The authors have no conflicts of interest or disclosures to report

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Feeding preterm infants with mother’s own milk (MOM) lowers rates of sepsis, decreases necrotizing enterocolitis, and shortens hospital stay. Our objective is to determine whether a similar microbial diversity to MOM can be obtained when fresh or frozen MOM is inoculated in donor human milk (DHM). METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Subjects included 12 mothers of infants born 100ml of MOM per day and were excluded if they had taken antibiotics within 3 days of the 1-time pumped MOM sample collection. MOM sample was divided into fresh (processed immediately) and frozen (−20°C) for 24h fractions. MOM was inoculated in DHM [referred to as refaunated milk (RM)] at 10% (RM10) and 30% (RM30) dilutions, then incubated at timepoints: 0h, 2h, 4h at 37°C. At each timepoint, total viable microbial cell counts were performed in differential or selective media along with future 16S rRNA sequencing. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Microbiota expansion was detected in MOM, RM10 and RM30 over time whether fresh or frozen milk was used as the inoculum. Incubated fresh and frozen MOM had similar bacterial loads when tested on nutrient agar (10^5-10^6 CFU/mL), mannitol salt (10^6 CFU/mL), MacConkey (10^2-10^5 CFU/mL), blood agar (10^6 CFU/mL) and MRS (10^4 CFU/mL) plates. Based on these CFU counts, RM30 incubated for 2h and RM10 at 4h showed similar counts to that of MOM at 0h. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: RM, inoculated with fresh or frozen MOM, obtained a similar microbial count compared to MOM at 0h indicates that fresh or frozen MOM can inoculate DHM. 16s rRNA sequencing is ongoing. Future studies are needed to support an inoculation protocol to be used in clinical practice and human milk banking.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Early dysphagia detection reduces risk of pulmonary complications, length of hospital stay, and overall healthcare costs. The biggest limitation for early detection has been the lack of a sensitive, reliable, and noninvasive screening tool. The bedside swallow examination may miss silent aspiration in up to 40% of patients. The objective of this study is to evaluate if acoustic parameters can distinguish normal and wet voice in a canine laryngeal model. Ultimately, our goal is to establish whether the sensitivity of the bedside swallow examination can be augmented with the addition of an acoustic screen in humans. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Two excised canine larynges were used for laryngeal phonation simulations under six different conditions over 48 hours. Acoustic recordings were obtained while the larynges were in vibration at the phonation threshold pressure. Phonation was recorded under dry conditions and when the laryngeal introitius was covered with low viscosity glycerin (9.5cP) or high viscosity glycerin (950cP), as well as in adducted and abducted conditions. The latter mimics glottic insufficiency seen in presbylarynx or vocal fold paralysis. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: A total of 112 voice samples were generated and analyzed for pitch, sound pressure level (SPL), % shimmer, % jitter, relative average perturbation (RAP), and noise-to-harmonics using PRAAT software. A multivariate regression model showed that pitch, SPL, % shimmer, % jitter and RAP could significantly predict wetness in abducted conditions only. Could you please add numbers and p values? DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: This pilot study indicates that classic acoustic perturbation measures distinguish the dry from the wet larynx only in glottic insufficiency condition in an ex vivo canine laryngeal model. Our next step is to study whether non-linear time series analysis and machine learning can differentiate dry and wet phonation in both adducted and abducted conditions in our animal model. CONFLICT OF INTEREST DESCRIPTION: Dr. Anais Rameau is a co-founder and Chief Executive Officer of MyophonX, a wearable device used to restore speech in patients with limited phonation capacity.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: This study seeks to culture and characterize mucus-degrading microbes from the microbiome of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Stool will be collected from IBD patients and healthy first-degree relatives, then enriched for mucin-degrading microbes through growth on porcine rectal mucin. Dilution plating in both liquid and solid culture formats will be employed to isolate strains capable of growth on mucin. Cultures that are positive for mucin degradation will be identified with 16S rRNA sequencing; unique isolates will be genome sequenced and transcriptionally profiled on simple monosaccharides and mucin in order to identify putative mucin-degrading genes. The abundance of novel enzymes, pathways, and microbes will be compared in healthy and IBD patient populations using existing datasets in the literature. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We expect to isolate previously uncultured mucin-degrading microbes, which will likely include new strains and possibly new species of bacteria. Through the transcriptomic characterization of mucin-degrading pathways, we will expand the lexicon of known mucin-degrading enzymes and pathways used by bacteria in the human colon. We expect mucin-degrading microbes to be more abundant and active in IBD patients compared to healthy controls. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: There is no cure for IBD and treatment relies heavily on suppressing a patient’s immune system. This research seeks to understand the contribution of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of IBD, which may lead to future therapeutic targets.