Sovereign immunity — Foreign States — Waiver of immunity under Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act 1976 — Whether agreement to adjudicate all disputes arising under a contract in accordance with Swiss law and by arbitration under International Chamber of Commerce Rules constituted waiver of immunity under the Act — The law of the United States

Sovereign immunity — Agencies or instrumentalities of foreign States — Whether Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act 1976 permitted antitrust action against agency or instrumentality of Polish State — Whether such an entity was a “person” amenable to suit for anti-competitive practices under the Sherman Act — Whether Act of State doctrine barred antitrust action against entity of Polish State engaged in commercial activity in the United States — The law of the United States

Sovereign immunity — Agencies of foreign States — Whether Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act 1976 applies retroactively to events occurring before enactment — Whether actions of foreign State and its agency causing injury to United States citizens abroad had “direct effects” in the United States within the meaning of the Act — Whether due process requirements of minimum jurisdictional contacts and adequate notice embodied in the Act satisfied — The law of the United States

Sovereign immunity — Public ships and other property of foreign States — Jurisdictional attachment of vessel of agency of foreign State in admiralty suit involving maritime liner — Whether such attachments permitted under Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act 1976 — Consequences of wrongful attachment of vessel of foreign State entity — The law of the United States

Sovereign immunity — Agencies and instrumentalities of foreign States — Whether contracts between United States impressario and USSR State concert society were commercial or artistic and governmental in character — Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act 1976 — Whether Section 1605 (a) (5) (B) of the Act restricted scope of “commercial activity” exception to sovereign immunity — The law of the United States

Sovereign immunity — Foreign States and government-owned corporations — Contracts for sale of oil between Libyan Government-owned corporation and foreign companies — Termination as a result of political measures by Libyan Government — Whether Libya and Libyan Government-owned corporation entitled to sovereign immunity — Whether actions having direct effect within the United States — Whether Libya amenable to suit under Act for allegedly inducing its national oil corporation to break contracts in order to comply with oil embargo — Whether Libya and its oil corporation amenable to suit for termination of contract between plaintiffs and oil concessionaire allegedly arising from nationalization — State responsibility — For revocation of concessions — Nationalization as a sovereign act — The law of the United States

Sovereign immunity — Foreign States — Agencies of and instrumentalities of foreign States — Whether foreign State-owned corporation amenable to suit in United States courts under the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act 1976 — Whether due process requirements of minimum jurisdictional contacts and adequate notice embodied in the Act satisfied — The law of the United States

Sovereign immunity — Foreign State-owned corporation — Whether foreign government-owned air carrier amenable to suit in United States courts as a citizen or subject of a foreign State — Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act 1976 — Whether plaintiffs suing such a corporation entitled to jury trial — The law of the United States

Sovereign immunity — Public ships and other property of foreign States — Jurisdictional attachment of funds of foreign government agency in United States bank — Failure to perfect attachment within statutory time limit — Subsequent extension of time limit within which to perfect attachment granted after entry into force of Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act — Whether restoration of levy barred after entry into force of Act — The law of the United States

Sovereign immunity — Foreign States — Agencies of foreign States — Public ships and other property of foreign States — Whether Iranian Air Force engaged in commercial activities in the United States — Pre-judgment attachment of property of Air Force — Whether such attachment authorized under Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act — Whether authorized under pre-existing Treaty — Act of State doctrine — Whether precluding Court from considering repudiation of commercial obligation — The law of the United States

Sovereign and organizational immunity — Foreign States — International organizations — Whether OPEC a “foreign State” for purposes of service of process under the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act 1976 — Whether OPEC amenable to service of process under the International Organizations Immunities Act — Whether price fixing activities of OPEC and its member States were “commercial activity” for purposes of amenability to suit under the 1976 Act — Whether OPEC member States were “persons” subject to liability for restrictive trade practices under Section 1 of the Sherman Act — The law of the United States

Sovereign immunity — State-owned corporations — Corporation wholly owned by Venezuelan Government — Whether a “foreign State” under the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act 1976 — Whether Act applicable to an action commenced before effective date of Act — Whether applicable when no defence of sovereign immunity raised — The law of the United States

Sovereign immunity — State-owned corporations — Immunity of a foreign State or State-owned corporation from pre-judgment attachment of property — Whether immunity can implicitly be waived by treaty — Section 1610 of the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act 1976 — The law of the United States

Sovereign immunity — Foreign State — Implied waiver — Waiver by instituting litigation — Counterclaims and third party claims — Whether arising out of same transaction as principal claims — Series of actions — Whether to be treated as one for purposes of waiver — Act of State doctrine — Whether applicable to counterclaims — Whether applicable to non-political questions — The law of the United States

Sovereign immunity — Agencies or instrumentalities of foreign States — Waiver of immunity under the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act 1976 — Whether Russian State-owned entities amenable to suit in United States courts under Section 1605 (a)(2) of the Act for allegedly tortious acts related to commercial activity taking place outside the United States — Whether such acts having “direct effect” in the United States — The law of the United States

Sovereign immunity — Agencies or instrumentalities of foreign States — Personal injury action against a foreign State-owned entity — Whether plaintiff entitled to a jury trial under Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act 1976 — The law of the United States

Sovereign immunity — Agencies or instrumentalities of foreign States — Whether foreign government-owned corporation amenable to suit in United States courts as a citizen or subject of a foreign State — Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act 1976 — Whether jurisdictional attachment of property of foreign State precluded by the Act — Whether District Court having jurisdiction over action in rem against foreign State — The law of the United States

Sovereign and organizational immunities — International organizations — Whether international organizations absolutely immune from suit in United States courts — Whether restrictive immunity doctrine applies — Whether relationship between international organization and its internal administrative staff “jure gestionis” or “jure imperii” — Organization of American States — The law of the United States

Sovereign immunity — Foreign States — Execution and attachment of property of foreign State — Availability under Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act 1976 — Whether pre-judgment attachment designed to secure jurisdiction in rem available in a case in which Court had jurisdiction in personam — The law of the United States

Sovereign immunity — Foreign States — Whether the Bahamas amenable to suit in United States courts for personal injuries allegedly caused by Bahamian police to child on board United States registered fishing boat — Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act 1976 — Whether the Bahamas waived immunity from suit by adopting Crown Proceedings Act 1963 — Whether police enforcement of Bahamian fishing law a “commercial activity” — Whether injuries sustained occurred “in the United States” for purposes of finding jurisdiction under Section 1605 (d) (5) of the 1976 Act — Whether injuries occurred in the special admiralty and maritime jurisdiction of the United States under 18 U.S.C. Section 7 — The law of the United States