The individual in international law — Aliens — Position of — Treatment by and responsibilities of the receiving State — Refugees — Geneva Convention on Status of Refugees, 1951 (Article 1) — Definition of refugee — Articles 27 and 28 — Obligation of contracting parties to issue identity papers and travel documents — Right of appeal against decision refusing refugee status — Proof of refugee status — The law of France.

Treaties — Termination of — By act of party — Mutual consent — Tacit — Subsequent treaty dealing with similar subject-matter — Hague Convention on Civil Procedure, 1905 — Provision exempting nationals of signatory States from giving security for costs before courts of other signatory States — France and Russia both signatory States — Agreement between France and Soviet Union suspending operation of Franco — Russian agreements — Subsequent agreements providing for freedom of access to courts by restricted categories of nationals — Whether implied denunciation of Hague Convention — The law of France.

The individual in international law — Aliens — Position of — Treatment by and responsibilities of receiving State — Access to courts on same terms as nationals — Hague Convention on Civil Procedure, 1905 — Security for costs — France and Russia both signatory States — Agreement between France and Soviet Union suspending operation of Franco-Russian Agreements — Subsequent agreements providing for freedom of access to courts of restricted categories of nationals — Whether implied denunciation of Hague Convention — Reciprocity — Exemption of foreign nationals in U.S.S.R. from giving security for costs — Whether Soviet national exempt from giving security for costs — The law of France.

The individual in international law — Aliens — Position of — Treatment by and responsibilities of receiving State — Whether foreigners enjoy same advantages as nationals under private law — Franco-Belgian Establishment Convention, 1927 — Most-favourednation clause — Treaties assimilating foreign companies to French companies regarding renewal of trading leases — Exemption from legislative reciprocity — The law of France.

Treaties — Conclusion and operation of — Operation and enforcement of — Necessity for municipal legislation — Convention providing for most-favoured-nation and national treatment — Right to cultivate land — Whether right may be made conditional on issue of permit — Function of permit — Right to cultivate land and enjoy benefits of French agricultural legislation in absence of provision for issuing permit — Whether residence permit sufficient — The law of France.

The individual in international law — Aliens — Position of — Treatment by and responsibilities of receiving State — National teatment — Franco-Belgian Convention on Establishment, 1927 — Most-favoured-nation clause — Right to cultivate land — Whether right may be made conditional on issue of permit — Function of permit — Right to cultivate land and enjoy benefits of French agricultural legislation in absence of provision for issuing permit — Whether residence permit sufficient — The law of France.

International organization and administration — International organizations and organs of international administration — European Communities — Freedom of circulation of workers — Regulation No. 38 — Provision that work permits be issued automatically in certain cases — Refusal to issue permit — Whether an offence to disregard refusal — The law of France.

The individual in international law — Aliens — Position of — Treatment by and responsibilities of receiving State — Work permits — E.E.C. Regulation No. 38 — Freedom of circulation of workers within Community — Provision that work permits be issued automatically in certain cases — Refusal to issue permit — Whether an offence to disregard refusal — The law of France.

The individual in international law — Aliens — Position of — Treatment by and responsibilities of receiving State — Right of foreign national to appoint foreign counsel — Subjective and objective criteria for appointment — Significance of defendant's wishes — International Convention on Civil and Political Rights, 1966 (Article 3 (c)) — The law of Israel.

The individual in international law — Aliens — Expulsion of — Right of expulsion — Whether liability of alien to expulsion affected by European on Human Rights Convention, 1950 — Article 8 (right to respect for family life — Effect of proviso (interests of public safety, prevention of disorder) — The law of Belgium.

The individual in international law — Aliens — Expulsion of — Procedure of — Act of the Executive — Alleged urgency — Whether Judiciary may examine exercise of discretion — The law of France.

The individual in international law — Extradition — Procedure of — Whether requesting State entitled to intervene in judicial proceedings regarding extradition — The law of France.

Jurisdiction — Territorial — Over foreigners — Attempted fraud — Place where acts constituting offence were performed — Document forged in Dahomey sent to head office of French bank in Paris via Dahomey branch — Attempt to obtain money in France on strength of forged document by third party acting in good faith under instructions of defendants — Whether offence committed in France or by aliens outside French jurisdiction — The law of France.

The Individual in international law — Extradition — Procedure of — Disguised extradition — Evidence — Whether invalidating subsequent prosecution — The law of France.

The individual in international law — Miscellaneous — Refugees — Geneva Convention relating to the Status of Refugees, 1951 — Recognition by French authorities of status of refugees prior to Convention — Law concerning matrimonial property régime — Whether changes in national law applicable after acquisition of refugee status — The law of France.

Diplomatic and consular intercourse and privileges — Right of other persons to privileges and immunities — Representatives sent by or accredited to the United Nations — Minister of State member of Saudi Arabian delegation to United Nations in Paris in 1948 — Action for eviction from residence — Whether entitled to immunity from jurisdiction — The law of France.

Treaties — Conclusion and operation of — Treaty-making capacity of international organizations — European Agreements concerning work of crews engaged in international road transport (ERTA) — Restrictions on sovereignty of States — The law of the European Communities — Legal effects of discussions of Council of Ministers.

Treaties — In General — Forms of international agreements — Treaties — Conventions — Governmental Agreements — Exchanges of Notes — French Constitution of 1946 (Articles 26 and 28) — Provision that diplomatic treaties duly ratified and published shall have force of law — Agreements in simplified form concluded without full powers — What constitutes “ratification” — Whether publication in Journal officiel sufficient — Whether evidence of approval by Head of State necessary — The law of France.

Treaties — Conclusion and operation of — Ratification — Entry into force — French Constitution of 1946 (Articles 26 and 28) — Provision that diplomatic treaties duly ratified and published shall have force of law — Agreements in simplified form concluded without full powers — What constitutes “ratification” — Whether publication in Journal officiel sufficient — Whether evidence of approval by Head of State necessary — The law of France.

Treaties — Conclusion and operation of — Ratification — Entry into force — French Constitution of 1946 (Articles 26 and 28) — Provision that diplomatic treaties duly ratified and published shall have force of law — Agreements in simplified form concluded without full powers — What constitutes “ratification” — Whether publication in Journal official sufficient — Whether evidence of approval by Head of State necessary — The law of France.

Treaties — Conclusion and operation of — Ratification — Treaties involving status of territory — Constitutional requirement requiring ratification by referendum — French Constitution of 1958 (Article 3) — Algeria — Evian Agreements — Whether duly ratified — The law of France.

Treaties — Conclusion and operation of — Operation and enforcement of — Necessity for municipal legislation — French Constitution of 1958 (Article 3) — Evian Agreements — Incorporation into French law by referendum — Provision for establishment of Court of Guarantees — Failure of Algerian Government to establish Court — Expropriation of French nationals — Whether French State liable to pay compensation — The law of France.

International law in general — Relation to municipal law — International Convention on Road Traffic, 1949 — Whether rules of Convention take precedence over those of municipal law — The law of Belgium.

Treaties — Operation of — Relation to municipal law — International Convention on Road Traffic, 1949 — Whether rules of Convention take precedence over those of municipal law — Whether treaty confers rights on individuals — Whether French national involved in road accident in Belgium entitled to invoke International Convention — Rules as to right of way at intersections — The law of Belgium.

International law in general — Relation to municipal law — European Convention for Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 1950 — Conflict with later municipal Act of Parliament — Whether Act to be disregarded — The law of Belgium.

The individual in international law — Human rights and freedoms — European Convention for Protection of — Right to freedom of expression (Article 10) — Right to freedom from discrimination (Article 14) — Restriction on language to be used in company's public documents — Whether a breach of the Convention — The law of Belgium.

Treaties — Operation of — Necessity for municipal legislation — Whether required — European Convention for Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 1950 (Articles 10 and 14) — Self-executing character of — The law of Belgium.

Treaties — Operation of — Relation to municipal law — Whether conferring rights on individuals — European Convention for Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 1950 — Conflict with later municipal Act of Parliament — Whether Act to be disregarded — Necessity for Convention to have been approved by Parliament — The law of Belgium.

International law in general — Relation to municipal law — International Convention for Protection of Birds, 1950 — Apparent conflict with later regulations issued under municipal Act of Parliament — Whether regulations invalid — The law of Belgium.

Treaties — Operation of — Miscellaneous — Whether imposing binding obligations on individuals — International Convention for Protection of Birds, 1950 — Apparent conflict with later regulations issued under municipal Act of Parliament — Whether regulations invalid — The law of Belgium.

International law in general — Relation to municipal law — Measures connected with grant of independence — Injury to national of parent State — Whether giving rise to liability — Act of State — The law of France.

Treaties — Conclusion and operation of — Miscellaneous — Effects of treaty on Individuals — Franco-Tunisian Judicial Convention — Abolition of French tribunals in Tunisia — Consequent loss of position by French official — Whether French State liable to pay compensation — The law of France.

Treaties — Interpretation of — Agencies of interpretation — Courts — Ministry for Foreign Affairs — Competence of judicial tribunals to interpret diplomatic agreements — Restriction on competence when issues of public international law in question — Franco-Algerian Judicial Protocol of 1962 — Evian Agreements — Declaration concerning economic and financial co-operation — Whether French courts competent to interpret — Whether interpretation by Ministry for Foreign Affairs must be sought — The law of France.