There is much debate on whether patients who are at high risk of developing a psychotic disorder in the near future (such as patients suffering of attenuated psychotic symptoms, brief limited intermittent psychotic symptoms or personality trait vulnerability) should be treated with antipsychotic drugs to prevent possible psychotic breaks from happening.

To review articles from the existing medical literature about treatment of patients in ultra-high risk of developing psychosis.

We describe the case of a 19-year-old male who was hospitalized after a suicide attempt in April 2015. He had been diagnosed of different psychiatric disorders such as mixed anxiety-depressive disorder, adjustment disorder and probable borderline personality disorder. During his stay at the hospital, we observed that he had schizoid personality traits. In the initial anamnesis, he denied ever having psychotic symptoms, but a few days later he admitted that the previous year he suffered throw a period of brief self-limiting psychotic symptoms.

Prophylactic treatment was started with oral aripiprazole 15 mg/day, which was well tolerated by the patient. He has been free of psychotic symptoms for the last 17 months (from April 2015 to September 2016). No relevant side effects were detected.

Oral aripiprazole 15 mg/day can be a good therapeutic option in patients at ultra-high risk of developing a psychotic episode.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Akiskal et al. [1] examined the relationship between affective temperaments and characteristics of schizotypal personality disorder. Schizotypal personality disorder is becoming increasingly important both in itself as a significant personality disorder and as a condition that can provide important insights into the origins of schizophrenia. Perceptual and interpersonal cognitive disorders, behavior and disorganized speech do the schizotypal personality disorder a kind of mild form of schizophrenia, a premorbid or prodromal phase of this serious disorder.

To analyze, in an Italian sample of healthy subjects, the correlation between affective temperaments and schizotypal traits.

We recruited 173 healthy subjects aged between 18 and 65 years who have completed the following tests:

– BIS-11;

– SPQ;

– SDS;

– SAS;

– HCL-32;

– TEMPS-A.

At linear regression analysis between TEMPS-A scores and other rating scales are observed highly significant associations between increasing scores of cyclothymic and depressive temperament, subjective anxiety and depression with scores pertaining to the schizotypal personality disorder.

Clinically, a better understanding of the mechanisms that lead to a schizotypal personality could lead to the development of effective preventive and curative treatments in an early stage of symptoms in addition to the identification of subgroups at risk for the development of schizophrenic pathology.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

A greater tendency was observed in women for forgiveness himself, noneless a statistically significant gender difference was not identified. It was a greater tendency in men toward forgiveness to others, however there are no statistical differences between the two groups. In forgiveness situations, a similar trend is evident in gender. As for beliefs, it was observed that men scored higher, this allowed statistically significant differences were observed [F (1, 38) = 6.271; P > 0.05].

Table 1

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

More than a thousand million people live with a certain type of disability over the world (more than a 15% of the population worldwide). In Spain, 2.5 millions of people suffer from a physical disability. Disability can be understood as an interaction of the individual's health condition (disease, illness…) and his/her environmental and personal factors. Resilience could be included as a powerful personal factor, which would play a major role in the individual's quality of life. Resilience can be defined as a universal basic capacity to prevent, minimize or overcome life's adversities, even reaching a change in the life of the individual.

To determine the association among resilience, pain and quality of life in people with physical disabilities.

An electronic search of several databases (Psycinfo, Medline, Pubmed…) was performed using the terms resilience, physical disability, and physical illness among others.

– Pain and resilience show an important relationship. Factors as acceptance, pain beliefs and self-efficacy are directly related with a lower pain interference.

– Resilience and quality of life show a strong positive relationship.

Several factors are related to resilience in people with physical disabilities. Resilience seems to be an important capacity that helps individual with physical disabilities overcome adversities. Further analyses are required.

The author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Mental health care is indispensable, has an essential role in development, but mental health issues are a major public health concern worldwide. Sexual minorities, lesbian, gay and bisexual, suffer from prejudice and it determines health inequities, especially for their mental health.

To show the relation between discrimination and mental health issues in lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) people and to increase understanding of this serious neglected public health problem.

The search was conducted using Science Direct and Scopus, using the following keywords: “discrimination” and “mental health” and “lesbian” and “gay” and “bisexual”. Using the review of literature, documents in English (articles, official documents, editorial, reviews, clinical trials).

Numerous studies have identified highest risk behavior, as illicit drug use, sexual risk-taking behaviors and mental health issues among LGB people. Some previous studies propose that health and risk disparities between heterosexual and LGB identifying or behaving people are due to minority stress–that is, that the stigma, discrimination, and violence experienced, leading to stress, thus predisposing illness, disease (worse mental and physical health outcomes) and potentially substance use, which may be used to relieve or escape stress.

Health professionals and healthcare organizations must cover these unmet mental health needs if they move to more integrated, coordinated models of care. Health educators should attend to the unique needs of each sexual orientation group when presenting sexual health information and health care providers should undergo diversity and sensitivity training to work more effectively with those groups.

The author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Family dysfunction can test the resilience of adolescents, specifically those from single parent families and those attending schools in more socio-economically challenged areas.

To determine what factors are associated with resilience for those from single parent families or attend schools in more socio-economically challenged areas.

To examine the role of emotional regulation and self-esteem as putative resilience factors in the context of single parents status and socioeconomic disadvantage.

Secondary school pupils from single and dual parent families aged 13 to 15 answered questionnaires at three time points on: emotional regulation, self-esteem, depression and anxiety. A total of 434 pupils took part at time 1, 574 at time 2, and 467 at time 3. The secondary schools were categorised into more and less disadvantaged schools.

Positive self-esteem [F(1.205) = 54.568, P = 0.000; F(1.157) = 35.582, P = 0.000] and emotional regulation [F(1.205) = 46.925, P = 0.000; F(1.157) = 16.583, P = 0.000] were both associated with resilience against depression in adolescents from single parent families. Positive self-esteem [F(1,75) = 102.629, P = 0.000; F(1.355) = 60.555, P = 0.000] and emotional regulation [F(1.60) = 34.813, P = 0.000; F(1.73) = 36.891, P = 0.000] were both associated with resilience against depression in adolescents attending more socio-economically challenged areas.

This research suggests that adolescent resilience against depression may be promoted by improving self-esteem and emotional regulation. Therefore, future interventions could focus on boosting these resilience factors. Further resilience research could include emotional regulation and self-esteem as protective factors for resilience in adolescent mental health. As these variables have been identified, they can help find more pieces to the complex puzzle of resilience.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Psychosocial functional deficiency of persons with mental disorders covers the most important kinds of activity: work, education, independent living, and interactions with people, family interactions. Important aspect of rehabilitation practice is work with the family, relatives, and the nearest environment of patients due to decrease in the field of marriage or stable cohabitation.

To determine adaptive-preventive potential of the family in the area of mental health.

The analysis of multilevel characteristics of adaptation of 414 adult persons (patients with mental disorders and members of their families) with use of system approach and the methodical complex (“The Passport of Health of the Family”) has been carried out.

We define the adaptive-preventive potential of the family of mental patient as biological (genetic) and social-psychological opportunities of family system of the individual to compensate the limits of ontogenetic (life) cycle of the family of several generations caused by the illness of the family member. Novelty of the “Clinical-psychological model of anti-relapse behaviour based on interaction of mental patients, their families, persons from the general population and experts in the field of mental health” project consists of scientific justification of development of multilevel (individual, family, society) model of anti-relapse behavior.

This multidisciplinary project is aimed at the persons entering into risk groups for development of mental disorder (for example, persons with sub-syndrome symptoms or with biological, and psychological or social risk factors) and the persons entering into risk groups for relapse of the existing mental disorder.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

“The wounded healer” (TWH) is an innovative method of pedagogy that blends art with science that is delivered by an award-winning doctor with first-hand experience of a mental health condition. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of TWH at reducing stigma from healthcare professionals and students towards their peers with a mental health condition.

TWH has been delivered to more than 30,000 people in 9 countries on 5 continents worldwide and has been integrated into the medical school curricula of 4 UK universities. TWH also featured in the 2015 iMed Congress in Lisbon, Portugal, the largest medical student congress in Europe (n = 1000).

We conducted a cross-sectional, mixed-methods study on participants who attended TWH in venues across the UK. Paper questionnaires containing stigma constructs with response items on a Likert-scale were hand distributed to participants. Free-text comments were subjected to thematic analyses.

Two hundred and nineteen over 256 participants recruited responded (85% response rate); 207/219 (94%) of respondents agreed or strongly agreed that TWH made them realise that medical students and doctors who experience mental distress can recover and achieve their goals.

Themes that emerged from analyses of free-text comments included, “inspirational”, “merits of blending art with science”, and “benefits of receiving a talk from a doctor with first-hand experience of a mental health problem”.

Our findings suggest that TWH might be effective at reducing stigma from healthcare professionals and students towards their peers with mental health problems. More robust research in this area is needed.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The UK has longstanding problems with psychiatry recruitment. Various initiatives aim to improve psychiatry's image among medical students, but involve research and none are student-led. Providing opportunities to take part in psychiatry research and quality improvement could increase the number of students who choose to enter the speciality.

We have developed the student psychiatry audit and research collaborative (SPARC), a student-led initiative for nationwide collaboration in high-quality research and audits.

Our model is inspired by the success of the UK Student audit and research in surgery (STARSurg). Area teams, located in medical schools, take part in multi-centre projects. The area teams consist of medical students, who have the main responsibility for collecting data; a junior doctor, to supervise the process; and a consultant, with overall responsibility for patient care. The data collected centrally and analysed by a team of medical students and doctors. Student leads from each site are named authors on resulting papers. All other students are acknowledged and are able to present the work.

We have completed our first audits in Cardiff and London; other sites will return data in 2017. Student feedback indicated a high level of satisfaction with the project and interest in psychiatry as a future career.

This initiative aims to tackle the recruitment problems in psychiatry by giving students a chance to take part in high quality research and audits.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Economic crises have consequences on labor market, with impacts on mental health (MH) and psychological well-being (PWB). We describe the effectiveness of an intervention among unemployed, performed within EEA Grants Healthy Employment project.

Evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention for MH literacy, PWB and resilience among unemployed.

MH and PWB promotion, common mental disorders prevention and inequalities reduction linked to unemployment.

A five modules intervention (life-work balance; impact of unemployment on PWB and MH; stigma; depression and anxiety; health promotion) distributed by 20 hours was developed based on literature reviews and a Delphi panel. It was delivered to unemployees from two public employment centers (PECs). Inclusion criteria: 18–65 years old; registration in PEC for less than a year; minimum of nine years of formal education. Control groups from the same PECs received the care-as-usual. Measures of psychological WB, MH self-reported symptoms, life satisfaction, resilience and mental health literacy were collected through an online survey before and one week after intervention.

Overall, 87 unemployed participated, 48% allocated to the intervention group (IG); 56% women (21–64 years old), average education was 15 years. Mixed measures ANOVA showed that the interaction between time and group was significant for PWB and MH literacy measures. The IG showed better self-reported PWB and improved MH literacy after intervention, compared to controls. No significant interactions were found for MH symptoms, life satisfaction and resilience.

This study shows the contribution of short-term community-based interventions in increasing MH literacy and PWB among unemployed.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The work describes the benefits of physical activities in patients with dual diagnosis in a psychiatric clinic of Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil.

Present the benefits of physical activities inside the hospital space. Evaluate the impact of the introduction of regular physical activity practice in patients having dual diagnosis in hospitalization environment.

Demonstrates the decrease of the resistance to treatment in hospitalization regime, the behavioral and social improvement of patients, as well as the physical and mental capacities and the wellness promotion during and after the treatment.

Forty-five patients carrying the dual diagnosis, hospitalized in the clinic for the period of 1 year, were monitored. All the patients were assessed by a general practitioner, a psychiatrist and a physiotherapist, before starting the physical activity, being the classification of mental disorders ICD-10 used for the diagnosis. The patients were treated with psychotropics, according to the diagnosis and the signs and symptoms presented. The therapeutic project offered physical and psychological treatment, promoting the recovery possibility through aerobic and anaerobic ludic physical activities inside the therapeutic environment.

All the patients presented improvement in the physical and mental capacities and in socializing. In the physical activities, the patients participated respecting their limitations, respecting the next and having a higher body perception.

Through the development of the activities, the patients demonstrated excellent involvement and interaction with the treatment, favoring their psychological and behavioral recovery and impacting positively their response to the treatment of various mental disorders.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

To examine the effects of support interventions on anxiety, depression in women hospitalized with preterm labour at admission and 2 weeks.

Hospitalized pregnant women with preterm labour have significantly higher anxiety and depression levels. Few studies have explored the effects of support interventions on anxiety, depression in such women.

A randomized, single-blind experimental design was used. The control group (n = 103) and intervention group (n = 140) were recruited from the maternity wards of one medical centre in northern Taiwan between January 2013 and April 2015. The control group received routine nursing care. The experimental group received support interventions, which included an interview, distraction methods and assistance with daily living needs. Groups were evaluated with the Beck anxiety inventory, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and at admission and 2 weeks of hospitalization.

There were no significant differences between groups for demographics, obstetric characteristics, or birth outcomes. For the control group, anxiety and depression scores increased significantly decreased 2 weeks after hospitalization. The intervention group had a small, but significant, increase in anxiety and no significant change in depression at 2 weeks. Participants who received 2 weeks of support intervention had significantly lower anxiety and depression scores than the control group.

Providing interventional support could reduce anxiety and depression for women with preterm labour during hospitalization.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

As a component of personal characteristics, mental health has always been associated with marital satisfaction. Mental disorders associated with depression and anxiety are common in the workplace. Many studies have found a close link between job satisfaction and these two factors.

The present study investigated the relationship of the level of job satisfaction, with mental health indicators and marital satisfaction in women.

This study aimed to explain the relationships of job satisfaction (as an organizational key factor) with mental health and marital satisfaction of women at the workplace considering the practical implications for promoting mental health.

To achieve the goal of research, a sample of 100 married women who worked at least for 5 years were selected by randomized sampling method in an organizational setting in Iran. Enrich Marital Inventory, Brayfield and Rothe's job satisfaction scale, and General Health Questionnaire were used for data gathering. Data was analyzed by utilizing hierarchical regression.

Findings indicated that most respondents were satisfied with their jobs. In general, subjects with more severe psychological distress and lower level of marital satisfaction reported lower levels of job satisfaction.

Factors related to organizational attitudes such as job satisfaction were especially important in overall mental health and severity of psychological distress. Improving job attitudes is a key factor for promoting marital satisfaction and mental health in women.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Burnout is a state of physical and emotional exhaustion. It can occur when people experience long-term stress in job, or when they have worked in a physically or emotionally draining role for a long time. There have been numerous studies done showing the results of stress and burnout in the employee's profession across many areas of health care.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of stress and burnout management training on employees using experimental method to help employees to understand available resources and help them find better ways to manage stress in the workplace.

This study aims to discusses how organizations can assist in combating stress in ways that benefit both the employees involved and the organization itself.

A curriculum-based intervention was developed to provide education in a classroom setting. The sample included 14 nurses with various nursing backgrounds who were selected randomly and were assigned randomly in two experimental and control groups, which contained 7 employees in each group. The experimental group received the training while the control group was in waiting list. The instruments were the General Health Questionnaire and Burnout Checklist, and demographic questionnaire. Data was analyzed by covariance analysis method.

Result indicated that stress and burnout management training was efficient on reducing stress and burnout symptoms in employee.

It is concluded that stress and burnout management training is an effective group intervening method for reducing the dysfunctional effects of stress and job burnout in employees.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.