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Oral DHA supplementation and retinopathy of prematurity: the Joinville DHA Clinical Trial

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 June 2024

Patrícia Zanotelli Cagliari Open the ORCID record for Patrícia Zanotelli Cagliari [Opens in a new window] ,
Vinícius Ricardo Franzoi Hoeller ,
Émelli Louise Rüncus Kanzler ,
Melody Cristina Mansani Carraro ,
Zaine Glaci Duarte Corrêa ,
Gleici Blazius ,
Pietra Giovanna Marghetti ,
Gabriela Bruns Lenz ,
Silmara Salete de Barros Silva Mastroeni  and
Marco Fabio Mastroeni Open the ORCID record for Marco Fabio Mastroeni [Opens in a new window]
Patrícia Zanotelli Cagliari*
Affiliation:
Postgraduate Program in Health and Environment, University of Joinville Region – UNIVILLE, Joinville, SC 89.219-710, Brazil Darcy Vargas Maternity Hospital, Joinville, SC 89.202-190, Brazil Medicine Department, University of Joinville Region – UNIVILLE, Joinville, SC 89.219-710, Brazil
Vinícius Ricardo Franzoi Hoeller
Affiliation:
Medicine Department, University of Joinville Region – UNIVILLE, Joinville, SC 89.219-710, Brazil
Émelli Louise Rüncus Kanzler
Affiliation:
Medicine Department, University of Joinville Region – UNIVILLE, Joinville, SC 89.219-710, Brazil
Melody Cristina Mansani Carraro
Affiliation:
Darcy Vargas Maternity Hospital, Joinville, SC 89.202-190, Brazil
Zaine Glaci Duarte Corrêa
Affiliation:
Nursing Department, University of Joinville Region – UNIVILLE, Joinville, SC 89.219-710, Brazil
Gleici Blazius
Affiliation:
Nursing Department, University of Joinville Region – UNIVILLE, Joinville, SC 89.219-710, Brazil
Pietra Giovanna Marghetti
Affiliation:
Nursing Department, University of Joinville Region – UNIVILLE, Joinville, SC 89.219-710, Brazil
Gabriela Bruns Lenz
Affiliation:
Medicine Department, University of Joinville Region – UNIVILLE, Joinville, SC 89.219-710, Brazil
Silmara Salete de Barros Silva Mastroeni
Affiliation:
Postgraduate Program in Health and Environment, University of Joinville Region – UNIVILLE, Joinville, SC 89.219-710, Brazil Medicine Department, University of Joinville Region – UNIVILLE, Joinville, SC 89.219-710, Brazil Nursing Department, University of Joinville Region – UNIVILLE, Joinville, SC 89.219-710, Brazil Nutrition Department, University of Joinville Region – UNIVILLE, Joinville, SC 89.219-710, Brazil
Marco Fabio Mastroeni
Affiliation:
Postgraduate Program in Health and Environment, University of Joinville Region – UNIVILLE, Joinville, SC 89.219-710, Brazil Medicine Department, University of Joinville Region – UNIVILLE, Joinville, SC 89.219-710, Brazil Nursing Department, University of Joinville Region – UNIVILLE, Joinville, SC 89.219-710, Brazil Nutrition Department, University of Joinville Region – UNIVILLE, Joinville, SC 89.219-710, Brazil
*
*Corresponding author: Patricia Zanotelli Cagliari, email patriciacagliari@univille.br
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Abstract

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of blindness in premature infants. The condition is associated with DHA deficiency. This study aimed to investigate the effect of DHA supplementation on the occurrence of ROP in infants receiving oral oil drops. It is part of the Joinville DHA study, a non-parallel-group cohort study conducted from March 2020 to January 2023 at a public maternity hospital in Brazil. Infants born before 33 weeks of gestational age or with a birth weight ≤ 1500 g were recruited. Among 155 infants, 81 did not receive and 74 received DHA supplementation until complete vascularisation of the peripheral retina. There was a higher incidence of infants with ROP in the unsupplemented group (58·6 %) compared with the DHA group (41·4 %), but this difference was NS (P = 0·22). Unadjusted logistic regression analysis showed that patent ductus arteriosus and neonatal corticosteroids were significantly (P < 0·05) associated with ROP in both groups. In the DHA group, surfactant use was also associated with ROP (P = 0·003). After adjusting for important covariates, patent ductus arteriosus and neonatal corticosteroids continued to be significant for infants in the unsupplemented group (OR = 3·99; P = 0·022 and OR = 5·64; P = 0·019, respectively). In the DHA group, only surfactant use continued to be associated with ROP (OR = 4·84; P = 0·015). In summary, DHA supplementation was not associated with ROP. Further studies are necessary to better understand the relationship between DHA supplementation, ROP and associated comorbidities.

Keywords

Retinopathy of prematurityPreterm infantDHASurfactantPatent ductus arteriosus
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , First View , pp. 1 - 10
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society

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