Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-sjtt6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-27T05:17:48.826Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Energy and nitrogen intake, expenditure and retention at 32° in growing fowl given diets with a wide range of energy and protein contents

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

M. G. Macleod
M. G. Macleod
Affiliation:
AFRC Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics Research, Edinburgh Research Station, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9PS
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Heat production (HP) and the intake and retention of energy and nitrogen were measured in growing broiler fowl kept at 32° and given diets with metabolizable energy contents from 8 to 15 MJ/kg and crude protein (N × 6·25; CP) contents of 130 and 210 g/kg. The temperature of 32° was chosen for comparison with earlier measurements at 20° to minimize heat produced for the maintenance of body temperature. The effects of diet composition were observed when the same birds were taken from 20 to 32°. The tendency for energy intake to increase with dietary energy concentration was less at 32 than at 20°. The lower heat increments measured for the high-fat diets did not, therefore, confer an increased ability to sustain higher energy intake at 32°. HP was about 17% lower at 32 than at 20°; the change in HP between 20 and 32° was not significantly influenced by diet composition. The absence of significant effects of diet composition on HP, combined with the significant trend in energy intake, produced significant differences (related both to dietary energy and dietary protein concentrations) in total energy retention and in the partition of retained energy between protein and fat. As at 20°, variation in energy retention and in the composition of retained energy were the main responses to variation in dietary CP concentration and energy intake; a significantly higher energy cost of unit protein accretion on the low-CP diets was insufficient to produce an elevation in total HP because the higher unit energy cost was balanced by a lower absolute rate of protein accretion.

Keywords

Energy metabolismNitrogen metabolismEnvironmental temperatureFowl
Type
Protein and Amino acid Metabolism
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 67 , Issue 2 , March 1992 , pp. 195 - 206
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1992

References

REFERENCES

Coyer, P. A., Rivers, J. P. W. & Millward, D. J. (1987). The effect of dietary protein and energy restriction on heat production and growth costs in the young rat. British Journal of Nutrition 58, 73–85.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dale, N. M. & Fuller, H. L. (1979). Effect of low temperature, diet density, and pelleting on the preference of broilers for high fat rations. Poultry Science 58, 1337–1339.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Farrell, D. J. & Swain, S. (1977a). Effects of temperature treatments on the heat production of starving chickens. British Poultry Science 18, 725–734.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Farrell, D. J. & Swain, S. (1977b). Effect of temperature treatments on the energy and nitrogen metabolism of fed chickens. British Poultry Science 18, 735–748.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kubena, L. F., Reece, F. W., Deaton, J. W. & May, J. D. (1972). Heat prostration of broilers as influenced by dietary energy source. Poultry Science 51, 1744–1747.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kubena, L. F., Reece, F. W., Deaton, J. W. & May, J. D. (1973). The effect of dietary fat level on heat prostration of broilers. Poultry Science 52, 1691–1693.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
MacLeod, M. G. (1990). Energy and nitrogen intake, expenditure and retention at 20° in growing fowl given diets with a wide range of energy and protein contents. British Journal of Nutrition 64, 625–637.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Millward, D. J., Garlick, P. J., Stewart, R. J. C., Nnanyelugo, D. O. & Waterlow, J. C. (1975). Skeletal-muscle growth and protein turnover. Biochemical Journal 150, 235–243.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Persons, J. N., Wilson, H. R. & Harms, R. H. (1967). Relationship of diet composition to survival time of chicks when subjected to high temperature. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 126, 604–606.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roux, C. Z., Hofmeyr, H. S. & Meissner, M. M. (1976). The prediction and description of growth from the partitioning of energy for heat production and the synthesis of protein and fat. In Energy Metabolism of Farm Animals. Proceedings of the 7th European Association of Animal Production Symposium, pp. 157–160 [Vermorel, M. editor]. Clermont-Ferrand: G. de Bussac.Google Scholar
Schulz, A. R. (1978). Simulation of energy metabolism in the simple-stomached animal. British Journal of Nutrition 39, 235–254.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tasaki, I. & Kushima, M. (1979). Heat production when single nutrients are given to fasted cockerels. In Energy Metabolism. Proceedings of the 8th European Association of Animal Production Symposium, pp. 253–256 [Mount, L. E. editor]. London: Butterworths.Google Scholar