Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Dedication
- Contents
- List of Contributors
- Preface
- Part I Clinical syndromes: general
- Part II Clinical syndromes: head and neck
- Part III Clinical syndromes: eye
- Part IV Clinical syndromes: skin and lymph nodes
- Part V Clinical syndromes: respiratory tract
- Part VI Clinical syndromes: heart and blood vessels
- Part VII Clinical syndromes: gastrointestinal tract, liver, and abdomen
- Part VIII Clinical syndromes: genitourinary tract
- Part IX Clinical syndromes: musculoskeletal system
- Part X Clinical syndromes: neurologic system
- Part XI The susceptible host
- Part XII HIV
- Part XIII Nosocomial infection
- Part XIV Infections related to surgery and trauma
- Part XV Prevention of infection
- Part XVI Travel and recreation
- Part XVII Bioterrorism
- Part XVIII Specific organisms: bacteria
- Part XIX Specific organisms: spirochetes
- Part XX Specific organisms: Mycoplasma and Chlamydia
- Part XXI Specific organisms: Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, and Anaplasma
- Part XXII Specific organisms: fungi
- Part XXIII Specific organisms: viruses
- 182 Cytomegalovirus
- 183 Dengue
- 184 Enteroviruses
- 185 Epstein–Barr virus and other causes of the mononucleosis syndrome
- 186 Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in the Americas
- 187 Herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2
- 188 Human herpesviruses 6, 7, 8
- 189 Influenza
- 190 Papillomavirus in oro-genital infection
- 191 Acute and chronic parvovirus infection
- 192 Rabies
- 193 Varicella-zoster virus
- 194 Viral hemorrhagic fevers
- Part XXIV Specific organisms: parasites
- Part XXV Antimicrobial therapy: general considerations
- Index
- References
183 - Dengue
from Part XXIII - Specific organisms: viruses
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 April 2015
- Frontmatter
- Dedication
- Contents
- List of Contributors
- Preface
- Part I Clinical syndromes: general
- Part II Clinical syndromes: head and neck
- Part III Clinical syndromes: eye
- Part IV Clinical syndromes: skin and lymph nodes
- Part V Clinical syndromes: respiratory tract
- Part VI Clinical syndromes: heart and blood vessels
- Part VII Clinical syndromes: gastrointestinal tract, liver, and abdomen
- Part VIII Clinical syndromes: genitourinary tract
- Part IX Clinical syndromes: musculoskeletal system
- Part X Clinical syndromes: neurologic system
- Part XI The susceptible host
- Part XII HIV
- Part XIII Nosocomial infection
- Part XIV Infections related to surgery and trauma
- Part XV Prevention of infection
- Part XVI Travel and recreation
- Part XVII Bioterrorism
- Part XVIII Specific organisms: bacteria
- Part XIX Specific organisms: spirochetes
- Part XX Specific organisms: Mycoplasma and Chlamydia
- Part XXI Specific organisms: Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, and Anaplasma
- Part XXII Specific organisms: fungi
- Part XXIII Specific organisms: viruses
- 182 Cytomegalovirus
- 183 Dengue
- 184 Enteroviruses
- 185 Epstein–Barr virus and other causes of the mononucleosis syndrome
- 186 Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in the Americas
- 187 Herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2
- 188 Human herpesviruses 6, 7, 8
- 189 Influenza
- 190 Papillomavirus in oro-genital infection
- 191 Acute and chronic parvovirus infection
- 192 Rabies
- 193 Varicella-zoster virus
- 194 Viral hemorrhagic fevers
- Part XXIV Specific organisms: parasites
- Part XXV Antimicrobial therapy: general considerations
- Index
- References
Summary
Dengue is caused by any of four closely related viruses, or serotypes (dengue 1–4). Dengue viruses are small single-stranded RNA viruses, and belong to the genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae. Dengue is transmitted between people by the mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, which are found throughout the world. In the last 50 years, there has been a dramatic increase in the global incidence of dengue virus infections with an estimated 50 million infections occurring annually in at least 100 countries in Asia, the Pacific, the Americas, Africa, and the Caribbean. Dengue virus infections may cause symptomatic infections or asymptomatic seroconversion. Symptomatic dengue infection has a wide range of clinical presentations which includes severe and nonsevere manifestations. While most patients recover following a self-limiting nonsevere clinical course, a small proportion progress to severe disease, mostly characterized by plasma leakage with or without hemorrhage.
Clinical manifestations
After an incubation period of 3 to 7 days, the illness begins abruptly and is followed by three phases – a febrile phase, a critical phase, and a recovery phase.
Febrile phase
The febrile phase is characterized by high temperature (38.5°C) accompanied by headache, vomiting, myalgia, joint pain, and a transient macular rash. High fever may cause neurologic disturbances and febrile seizures in young children. Hemorrhagic manifestations include a positive tourniquet test, easy bruising and bleeding at venipuncture sites, fine petechiae, epistaxis, gingival bleeding, and mild gastrointestinal bleeding (Figure 183.1, Panel A, B, and C). A palpable liver may be noted, especially in young infants and children. The full blood count examination reveals
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- Clinical Infectious Disease , pp. 1168 - 1171Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2015