Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Dedication
- Contents
- List of Contributors
- Preface
- Part I Clinical syndromes: general
- Part II Clinical syndromes: head and neck
- Part III Clinical syndromes: eye
- Part IV Clinical syndromes: skin and lymph nodes
- Part V Clinical syndromes: respiratory tract
- Part VI Clinical syndromes: heart and blood vessels
- Part VII Clinical syndromes: gastrointestinal tract, liver, and abdomen
- Part VIII Clinical syndromes: genitourinary tract
- Part IX Clinical syndromes: musculoskeletal system
- Part X Clinical syndromes: neurologic system
- Part XI The susceptible host
- Part XII HIV
- Part XIII Nosocomial infection
- Part XIV Infections related to surgery and trauma
- Part XV Prevention of infection
- Part XVI Travel and recreation
- Part XVII Bioterrorism
- Part XVIII Specific organisms: bacteria
- Part XIX Specific organisms: spirochetes
- Part XX Specific organisms: Mycoplasma and Chlamydia
- Part XXI Specific organisms: Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, and Anaplasma
- Part XXII Specific organisms: fungi
- Part XXIII Specific organisms: viruses
- 182 Cytomegalovirus
- 183 Dengue
- 184 Enteroviruses
- 185 Epstein–Barr virus and other causes of the mononucleosis syndrome
- 186 Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in the Americas
- 187 Herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2
- 188 Human herpesviruses 6, 7, 8
- 189 Influenza
- 190 Papillomavirus in oro-genital infection
- 191 Acute and chronic parvovirus infection
- 192 Rabies
- 193 Varicella-zoster virus
- 194 Viral hemorrhagic fevers
- Part XXIV Specific organisms: parasites
- Part XXV Antimicrobial therapy: general considerations
- Index
- References
191 - Acute and chronic parvovirus infection
from Part XXIII - Specific organisms: viruses
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 April 2015
- Frontmatter
- Dedication
- Contents
- List of Contributors
- Preface
- Part I Clinical syndromes: general
- Part II Clinical syndromes: head and neck
- Part III Clinical syndromes: eye
- Part IV Clinical syndromes: skin and lymph nodes
- Part V Clinical syndromes: respiratory tract
- Part VI Clinical syndromes: heart and blood vessels
- Part VII Clinical syndromes: gastrointestinal tract, liver, and abdomen
- Part VIII Clinical syndromes: genitourinary tract
- Part IX Clinical syndromes: musculoskeletal system
- Part X Clinical syndromes: neurologic system
- Part XI The susceptible host
- Part XII HIV
- Part XIII Nosocomial infection
- Part XIV Infections related to surgery and trauma
- Part XV Prevention of infection
- Part XVI Travel and recreation
- Part XVII Bioterrorism
- Part XVIII Specific organisms: bacteria
- Part XIX Specific organisms: spirochetes
- Part XX Specific organisms: Mycoplasma and Chlamydia
- Part XXI Specific organisms: Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, and Anaplasma
- Part XXII Specific organisms: fungi
- Part XXIII Specific organisms: viruses
- 182 Cytomegalovirus
- 183 Dengue
- 184 Enteroviruses
- 185 Epstein–Barr virus and other causes of the mononucleosis syndrome
- 186 Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in the Americas
- 187 Herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2
- 188 Human herpesviruses 6, 7, 8
- 189 Influenza
- 190 Papillomavirus in oro-genital infection
- 191 Acute and chronic parvovirus infection
- 192 Rabies
- 193 Varicella-zoster virus
- 194 Viral hemorrhagic fevers
- Part XXIV Specific organisms: parasites
- Part XXV Antimicrobial therapy: general considerations
- Index
- References
Summary
Parvoviruses are small viruses with unenveloped icosahedral capsids that contain a single-stranded DNA genome. These physical properties contribute to viral resistance to heat, solvents, and extreme chemical conditions. Because of their limited genome, parvoviral propagation depends on infection of mitotically active cells. B19 parvovirus is the only member of the Parvoviridae family known to cause diseases in humans (although other parvoviruses recently have been isolated from human blood and tissue, their pathogenicity remains uncertain). In the taxonomy of the parvovirus family, B19 and closely related simian parvoviruses constitute the Erythrovirus genus, separated from autonomous animal parvoviruses, dependoviruses (which require coinfection with a second virus for efficient propagation in cell culture), and insect parvoviruses called densoviruses.
B19 parvovirus has a peculiar and extreme tropism for human erythroid progenitor cells, which are responsible for the generation of circulating erythrocytes. In tissue culture, B19 has been propagated in hematopoietic cells: bone marrow, fetal liver, peripheral blood, and (rather inefficiently) in a few leukemic cell lines. B19 viral DNA replication in patients has been detected in blood and marrow. Specificity for erythroid cells follows from the cellular receptor for the virus, globoside or P antigen, a tetrahexose ceramide present on erythroid cells, megakaryocytes, endothelial cells, and some placental cell types, as well as fetal liver and heart. Parvovirus infection is terminated by host production of neutralizing antibodies. Failure to produce neutralizing antibodies can result in persistent infection. Cellular immune responses to parvoviruses have been measured and some CD4 and CD8 T-cell epitopes defined.
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- Clinical Infectious Disease , pp. 1216 - 1219Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2015