Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-xm8r8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-27T18:17:00.756Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

15 - The Intimate Relationships of Sexual and Gender Minorities

from Part IV - Individual Differences

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 June 2018

By
Lisa M. Diamond  and
Karen L. Blair
Edited by
Anita L. Vangelisti  and
Daniel Perlman
Anita L. Vangelisti
Affiliation:
University of Texas, Austin
Daniel Perlman
Affiliation:
University of North Carolina, Greensboro
Get access

Summary

Sexual behaviors and other dimensions of sexuality (e.g., sexual desire, sexual satisfaction) are integral components of the romantic pair bond. This chapter highlights advances in the study of sexuality within a relational context. We first introduce conceptual and theoretical issues pertinent to the study of sex within a relational context. Second, we discuss attitudes and beliefs about sex in several relational contexts ranging from casual to polyamorous relationships. We then discuss the role of sex in the development of relationships, including in the attraction process and as a transition in the relationship (first sex). Included is discussion of when and how hookups and friends with benefits can sometimes lead to more long-term relationships. The quantity and quality of sex in existing relationships is linked to a variety of relational qualities, including relationship quality, love, intimacy, and social exchange; we discuss the literature showing how sex is intertwined with these interpersonal processes and outcomes. We also focus on the sexual challenges of sexual jealousy and sexual aggression and discuss how sexuality at the individual and dyadic levels is affected by family and peers. We end with suggestions for future research that can advance our understanding of sexuality in a relational context.
Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Handbook of Personal Relationships , pp. 199 - 210
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2018

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alegría, C. A., & Ballard-Reisch, D. (2013). Gender expression as a reflection of identity reformation in couple partners following disclosure of male-to-female transsexualism. International Journal of Transgenderism, 14, 49–65. doi: 10.1080/15532739.2013.791653CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Andersen, J. P., & Blosnich, J. (2013). Disparities in adverse childhood experiences among sexual minority and heterosexual adults: Results from a multi-state probability-based sample. PLoS ONE, 8(1), e54691. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054691CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Armstrong, H. L., & Reissing, E. D. (2013). Women who have sex with women: A comprehensive review of the literature and conceptual model of sexual function. Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 28, 364–399. doi: 10.1080/14681994.2013.807912CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Badgett, M. V. L., & Herman, J. L. (2011). Patterns of relationship recognition by same-sex couples in the United States. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Williams Institute. Retrieved from https://escholarship.org/uc/item/72h2n794Google Scholar
Bailey, J. M., Gaulin, S., Agyei, Y., & Gladue, B. (1994). Effects of gender and sexual orientation on evolutionarily relevant aspects of human mating psychology. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 1081–1093.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Balsam, K. F., & Mohr, J. J. (2007). Adaptation to sexual orientation stigma: A comparison of bisexual and lesbian/gay adults. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 54, 306–319.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beals, K. P., Impett, E. A., & Peplau, L. A. (2002). Lesbians in love: Why some relationships endure and others end. Journal of Lesbian Studies, 6(1), 53–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bilton, N. (2014, October 29). Tinder, the fast-growing dating app, taps an age-old truth. New York Times. Retrieved from www.nytimes.com/2014/10/30/fashion/tinder-the-fast-growing-dating-app-taps-an-age-old-truth.html?_r=0Google Scholar
Blair, K. L., & Hoskin, R. A. (2016). Contemporary understandings of femme identities and related experiences of discrimination. Psychology & Sexuality, 7, 101–115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blair, K. L. & Pukall, C. F. (2014). Can less be more? Comparing duration vs. frequency of sexual encounters in same-sex and mixed-sex relationships. Canadian Journal of Human Sexuality, 23, 123–136. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjhs.2393CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blumer, M. L. C., Green, M. S., Knowles, S. J., & Williams, A. (2012). Shedding light on thirteen years of darkness: Content analysis of articles pertaining to transgender issues in marriage/couple and family therapy journals. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 38(Suppl. 1), 244–256. doi: 10.1111/j.1752–0606.2012.00317.xCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bonello, K. (2009). Gay monogamy and extra-dyadic sex: A critical review of the theoretical and empirical literature. Counselling Psychology Review, 24(3–4), 51–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bostwick, W. B., Boyd, C. J., Hughes, T. L., & McCabe, S. E. (2010). Dimensions of sexual orientation and the prevalence of mood and anxiety disorders in the United States. American Journal of Public Health, 100, 468–475, 468. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2008.152942CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boucai, M. (2012). Sexual liberty and same-sex marriage: An argument from bisexuality. San Diego Law Review, 49, 415–486.Google Scholar
Bouman, M. B., Van Zeijl, M. C. T., Buncamper, M. E., Meijerink, W. J. H. J., Van Bodegraven, A. A., & Mullender, M. G. (2014). Intestinal vaginoplasty revisited: A review of surgical techniques, complications, and sexual function. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 11, 1835–1847. doi: 10.1111/jsm.12538CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cacioppo, J. T., Cacioppo, S., Gonzaga, G. C., Ogburn, E. L., & VanderWeele, T. J. (2013). Marital satisfaction and break-ups differ across on-line and off-line meeting venues. PNAS Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 110, 10135–10140. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1222447110CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Call, V., Sprecher, S., & Schwartz, P. (1995). The incidence and frequency of marital sex in a national sample. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 57, 639–652.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cerwenka, S., Nieder, T. O., Briken, P., Cohen-Kettenis, P. T., De Cuypere, G., Haraldsen, I. R. H., … Richter-Appelt, H. (2014). Intimate partnerships and sexual health in gender-dysphoric individuals before the start of medical treatment. International Journal of Sexual Health, 26, 52–65. doi: 10.1080/19317611.2013.829153CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cook-Daniels, L. (2015). Intimate partner violence in transgender couples: “Power and control” in a specific cultural context. Partner Abuse, 6, 126–139. doi: 10.1891/1946–6560.6.1.126CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crawford, I., Hammack, P. L., McKirnan, D. J., Ostrow, D., Zamboni, B. D., Robinson, B., & Hope, B. (2003). Sexual sensation seeking, reduced concern about HIV and sexual risk behaviour among gay men in primary relationships. AIDS Care, 15, 513–524.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Deenen, A. A., Gijs, L., & Van Naerssen, A. X. (1994). Intimacy and sexuality in gay male couples. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 23, 421–431.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
DePaulo, B. M., & Morris, W. L. (2005). Singles in society and in science. Psychological Inquiry, 16, 57–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Diamant, A. L., Lever, J., & Schuster, M. A. (2000). Lesbians’ sexual activities and efforts to reduce risks for sexually transmitted diseases. Journal of the Gay and Lesbian Medical Association, 4(2), 41–48. doi: 10.1023/A:1009513623365CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Diamond, L. M. (2008). Sexual fluidity: Understanding women’s love and desire. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Diamond, L. M., Fagundes, C. P., & Butterworth, M. R. (2010). Intimate relationships across the lifespan. In Lamb, M. E., White, L. & Freund, A. (eds.) Handbook of lifespan development (Vol. 2, pp. 379–433). New York, NY: Wiley.Google Scholar
Dredge, S. (2015, February 17). Nearly two-thirds of mobile dating app users are men. The Guardian.Google Scholar
Duncan, D. T., & Hatzenbuehler, M. L. (2014). Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender hate crimes and suicidality among a population-based sample of sexual-minority adolescents in Boston. American Journal of Public Health, 104, 272–278.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dyar, C., Feinstein, B. A., & London, B. (2014). Dimensions of sexual identity and minority stress among bisexual women: The role of partner gender. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, 1, 441–451. doi: 10.1037/sgd0000063CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eliason, M. J. (2001). Bi-negativity: The stigma facing bisexual men. Journal of Bisexuality, 1(2–3), 137–154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J159v01n02_05CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flores, A. R., Herman, J. L., Gates, G. J., & Brown, T. N. T. (2016). How many adults identify as transgender in the United States? Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Williams Institute. Retrieved from https://williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu/wp-content/uploads/Race-and-Ethnicity-of-Transgender-Identified-Adults-in-the-US.pdfGoogle Scholar
Ford, C. L., Slavin, T., Hilton, K. L., & Holt, S. L. (2013). Intimate partner violence prevention services and resources in Los Angeles: Issues, needs, and challenges for assisting lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender clients. Health Promotion Practice, 14, 841–849. doi: 10.1177/1524839912467645CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Frye, M. (1990). Lesbian “sex.” In Allen, J. (ed.) Lesbian philosophies and cultures (pp. 305–316). Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.Google Scholar
Gamarel, K. E., Reisner, S. L., Laurenceau, J. P., Nemoto, T., & Operario, D. (2014). Gender minority stress, mental health, and relationship quality: A dyadic investigation of transgender women and their cisgender male partners. Journal of Family Psychology, 28, 437–447. doi: 10.1037/a0037171CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Garcia, J. R., Lloyd, E. A., Wallen, K., & Fisher, H. E. (2014). Variation in orgasm occurrence by sexual orientation in a sample of U.S. singles. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 11, 2645–2652. doi: 10.1111/jsm.12669CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gorman, B. K., Denney, J. T., Dowdy, H., & Medeiros, R. A. (2015). A new piece of the puzzle: Sexual orientation, gender, and physical health status. Demography, 52 1357–1382.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Grant, J. M., Mottet, L. A., Tanis, J., Herman, J. L., Harrison, J., & Keisling, M. (2010). National Transgender Discrimination Survey: Report on health and health care (pp. 1–23). Washington, DC: National Center for Transgender Equality and National Gay and Lesbian Task ForceGoogle Scholar
Green, R.-J., Bettinger, M., & Zacks, E. (1996). Are lesbian couples fused and gay male couples disengaged?: Questioning gender straightjackets. In Laird, J. & Green, R. J. (eds.) Lesbians and gays in couples and families: A handbook for therapists (pp. 185–230). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.Google Scholar
Hatzenbuehler, M. L., Keyes, K. M., & Hasin, D. S. (2009). State-level policies and psychiatric morbidity in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations. American Journal of Public Health, 99, 2275–2281. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2008.153510CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hatzenbuehler, M. L., McLaughlin, K. A., Keyes, K. M., & Hasin, D. S. (2010). The impact of institutional discrimination on psychiatric disorders in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations: A prospective study. American Journal of Public Health, 100, 452–459. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2009.168815CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hayes, A. F. (1995). Age preferences for same- and opposite-sex partners. Journal of Social Psychology, 135, 125–133.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Iasenza, S. (2002). Beyond “lesbian bed death”: The passion and play in lesbian relationships. Journal of Lesbian Studies, 6(1), 111–120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Impett, E. A., & Peplau, L. A. (2002). Why some women consent to unwanted sex with a dating partner: Insights from attachment theory. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 26, 360–370.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Institute of Medicine. (2011). The health of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender people: Building a foundation for better understanding. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.Google Scholar
Johnson, M. K., Crosnoe, R., & Elder, G. H. Jr. (2011). Insights on adolescence from a life course perspective. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 21, 273–280. doi: 10.1111/j.1532–7795.2010.00728.xCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kimport, K. (2014). Queering marriage: Challenging family formation in the United States. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.Google Scholar
Kitzinger, C., & Coyle, A. (1995). Lesbian and gay couples: Speaking of difference. The Psychologist, 8(2), 64–69.Google Scholar
Klesse, C. (2006). Polyamory and its “others”: Contesting the terms of non-monogamy. Sexualities, 9, 565–583.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kuper, L. E., Nussbaum, R., & Mustanski, B. (2012). Exploring the diversity of gender and sexual orientation identities in an online sample of transgender individuals. Journal of Sex Research, 49, 244–254. doi: 10.1080/00224499.2011.596954CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kurdek, L. A. (1998). Relationship outcomes and their predictors: Longitudinal evidence from heterosexual married, gay cohabiting, and lesbian cohabiting couples. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 60, 553–568.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Labriola, K. (1999). Models of open relationships. Journal of Lesbian Studies, 3, 217–225.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Langenderfer-Magruder, L., Walls, N. E., Whitfield, D. L., Brown, S. M., & Barrett, C. M. (2016). Partner violence victimization among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer youth: Associations among risk factors. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 33, 55–68. doi: 10.1007/s10560-015–0402-8CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Langhinrichsen-Rohling, J., Misra, T. A., Selwyn, C., & Rohling, M. L. (2012). Rates of bidirectional versus unidirectional intimate partner violence across samples, sexual orientations, and race/ethnicities: A comprehensive review. Partner Abuse, 3, 199–230. doi: 10.1891/1946–6560.3.2.199CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LaSala, M. C. (2001). Monogamous or not: Understanding and counseling gay male couples. Families in Society, 82, 605–611.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LaSala, M. C. (2004). Extradyadic sex and gay male couples: Comparing monogamous and nonmonogamous relationships. Families in Society, 85, 405–412.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lau, H., & Stromm, C. Q. (2011). The effects of legally recognizing same-sex unions on health and well-being. Law and Inequality, 29, 107–148.Google Scholar
Laumann, E. O., Gagnon, J. H., Michael, R. T., & Michaels, F. (1994). The social organization of sexuality: Sexual practices in the United States. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Laumann, E. O., Paik, A., & Rosen, R. C. (1999). Sexual dysfunction in the United States: Prevalence and predictors. Journal of the American Medical Association, 281, 537–544. doi: 10.1001/jama.281.6.537CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
LeBlanc, A. J., Frost, D. M., & Wight, R. G. (2015). Minority stress and stress proliferation among same‐sex and other marginalized couples. Journal of Marriage and Family, 77, 40–59. doi: 10.1111/jomf.12160CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Levitt, H. M., & Ippolito, M. R. (2014). Being transgender: Navigating minority stressors and developing authentic self-presentation. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 38, 46–64. doi: 10.1177/0361684313501644CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lippa, R. A. (2008). Sex differences and sexual orientation differences in personality: Findings from the BBC Internet survey. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 37, 173–187.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
MacNeil, S., & Byers, E. S. (1997). The relationships between sexual problems, communication, and sexual satisfaction. Canadian Journal of Human Sexuality, 6, 277–283.Google Scholar
Martin-Storey, A. (2015). Prevalence of dating violence among sexual minority youth: Variation across gender, sexual minority identity and gender of sexual partners. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 44, 211–224. doi: 10.1007/s10964-013–0089-0CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Matthews, R. A., Del Priore, R. E., Acitelli, L. K., & Barnes-Farrell, J. L. (2006). Work-to-relationship conflict: Crossover effects in dual-earner couples. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 11, 228–240.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McLaughlin, K. A., Hatzenbuehler, M. L., Xuan, Z., & Conron, K. J. (2012). Disproportionate exposure to early-life adversity and sexual orientation disparities in psychiatric morbidity. Child Abuse & Neglect, 36, 645–655. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2012.07.004CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Messinger, A. M. (2014). Marking 35 years of research on same-sex intimate partner violence: Lessons and new directions. In Peterson, D., Panfil, V., Peterson, D. & Panfil, V. (eds.) Handbook of LGBT communities, crime, and justice (pp. 65–85). New York, NY: Springer Science + Business Media.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meyer, I. H. (2003). Prejudice, social stress, and mental health in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations: Conceptual issues and research evidence. Psychological Bulletin, 129, 674–697. doi: 10.1037/0033–2909.129.5.674CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mohr, J. J., & Sarno, E. L. (2016). The ups and downs of being lesbian, gay, and bisexual: A daily experience perspective on minority stress and support processes. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 63, 106–118. doi: 10.1037/cou0000125CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moore, M. R., & Stambolis-Ruhstorfer, M. (2013). LGBT sexuality and families at the start of the twenty-first century. Annual Review of Sociology, 39, 491–507. doi: 10.1146/annurev-soc-071312–145643CrossRefGoogle Scholar
National Coalition of Anti-violence Programs. (2011). Hate violence against lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and HIV-affected communities in the United States, 2010. New York, NY: New York City Anti-violence Project. Retrieved from www.avp.org/storage/documents/Reports/2011_NCAVP_HV_Reports.pdfGoogle Scholar
Nichols, M. (1990). Lesbian relationships: Implications for the study of sexuality and gender. In Gonsiorek, J. C. & Weinrich, J. D. (eds.) Homosexuality: Research implications for public policy (pp. 350–364). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
O’Sullivan, L. F., & Allgeier, E. R. (1998). Feigning sexual desire: Consenting to unwanted sexual activity in heterosexual dating relationships. Journal of Sex Research, 35, 234–243.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oswald, R. F., Blume, L. B., & Marks, S. R. (2005). Decentering heteronormativity: A model for family studies. In Bengtson, V. L., Acock, A. C., Allen, K. R., Dilworth-Anderson, P., Klein, D. M., Bengtson, V. L., Acock, A. C., Allen, K. R., Dilworth-Anderson, P., & Klein, D. M. (eds.) Sourcebook of family theory and research (pp. 143–165). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Peplau, L. A., Fingerhut, A., & Beals, K. P. (2004). Sexuality in the relationships of lesbians and gay men. In Harvey, J. H., Wenzel, A., & Sprecher, S. (eds.) Handbook of sexuality in close relationships (pp. 349–369). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Perez-Brumer, A., Hatzenbuehler, M. L., Oldenburg, C. E., & Bockting, W. (2015). Individual- and structural-level risk factors for suicide attempts among transgender adults. Behavioral Medicine, 41, 164–171. doi: 10.1080/08964289.2015.1028322CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pew Research Center. (2014). Global views on morality. Retrieved from www.pewglobal.org/2014/04/15/global-morality/Google Scholar
Pfeffer, C. A. (2012). Normative resistance and inventive pragmatism: Negotiating structure and agency in transgender families. Gender & Society, 26, 574–602. doi: 10.1177/0891243212445467CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Potârcă, G., Mills, M., & Neberich, W. (2015). Relationship preferences among gay and lesbian online daters: Individual and contextual influences. Journal of Marriage and Family, 77, 523–541. doi: 10.1111/jomf.12177CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Purnine, D. M., & Carey, M. P. (1997). Interpersonal communication and sexual adjustment: The roles of understanding and agreement. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65, 1017–1025.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ramirez, O. M., & Brown, J. (2010). Attachment style, rules regarding sex, and couple satisfaction: A study of gay male couples. ANZJFT Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy, 31, 202–213.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reczek, C., Liu, H., & Spiker, R. (2014). A population‐based study of alcohol use in same‐sex and different‐sex unions. Journal of Marriage and Family, 76, 557–572. doi: 10.1111/jomf.12113CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reisner, S. L., Gamarel, K. E., Nemoto, T., & Operario, D. (2014). Dyadic effects of gender minority stressors in substance use behaviors among transgender women and their non-transgender male partners. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, 1, 63–71. doi: 10.1037/0000013CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reisner, S. L., White Hughto, J. M., Gamarel, K. E., Keuroghlian, A. S., Mizock, L., & Pachankis, J. E. (2016). Discriminatory experiences associated with posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms among transgender adults. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 63. 509–519. doi: 10.1037/cou0000143CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Renner, L. M., & Whitney, S. D. (2012). Risk factors for unidirectional and bidirectional intimate partner violence among young adults. Child Abuse & Neglect, 36, 40–52. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2011.07.007CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roisman, G. I., Clausell, E., Holland, A., Fortuna, K., & Elieff, C. (2008). Adult romantic relationships as contexts of human development: A multimethod comparison of same-sex couples with opposite-sex dating, engaged, and married dyads. Developmental Psychology, 44, 91–101. doi: 10.1037/0012–1649.44.1.91CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rosenberger, J. G., Reece, M., Schick, V., Herbenick, D., Novak, D. S., Van Der Pol, B., & Fortenberry, J. D. (2011). Sexual behaviors and situational characteristics of most recent male‐partnered sexual event among gay and bisexually identified men in the United States. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 8, 3040–3050. doi: 10.1111/j.1743–6109.2011.02438.xCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rosenfeld, M. J. (2014). Couple longevity in the era of same‐sex marriage in the United States. Journal of Marriage and Family, 76, 905–918. doi: 10.1111/jomf.12141CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rostosky, S. S., Riggle, E. D. B., Gray, B. E., & Hatton, R. L. (2007). Minority stress experiences in committed same-sex couple relationships. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 38, 392–400.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rust, P. C. R. (2000). Academic literature on situational homosexuality in the 1960s and 1970s. In Rust, P. C. R. (ed.) Bisexuality in the United States: A reader and guide to the literature (pp. 221–249). New York, NY: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Ryan, C., Huebner, D., Diaz, R. M., & Sanchez, J. (2009). Family rejection as a predictor of negative health outcomes in white and Latino lesbian, gay, and bisexual young adults. Pediatrics, 123, 346–352. doi: 10.1542/peds.2007–3524CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schreurs, K. M. G., & Buunk, B. P. (1996). Closeness, autonomy, equity, and relationship satisfaction in lesbian couples. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 20, 577–592.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stiles-Shields, C., & Carroll, R. A. (2015). Same-sex domestic violence: Prevalence, unique aspects, and clinical implications. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 41, 636–648. doi: 10.1080/0092623X.2014.958792CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sweet, T., & Welles, S. L. (2012). Associations of sexual identity or same-sex behaviors with history of childhood sexual abuse and HIV/STI risk in the United States. JAIDS: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 59, 400–408. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e3182400e75Google ScholarPubMed
Szymanski, D. M., Kashubeck-West, S., & Meyer, J. (2008). Internalized heterosexism: Measurement, psychosocial correlates, and research directions. The Counseling Psychologist, 36, 525–574.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Terrier, J. É., Courtois, F., Ruffion, A., & Journel, N. M. (2014). Surgical outcomes and patients’ satisfaction with suprapubic phalloplasty. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 11, 288–298. doi: 10.1111/jsm.12297CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Theron, L., & Collier, K. L. (2013). Experiences of female partners of masculine-identifying trans persons. Culture, Health & Sexuality, 15(Suppl. 1), S62–S75. doi: 10.1080/13691058.2013.788214CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thomas, G., & Fletcher, G. J. O. (2003). Mind-reading accuracy in intimate relationships: Assessing the roles of the relationship, the target, and the judge. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85, 1079–1094.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Todosijevic, J., Rothblum, E. D., & Solomon, S. E. (2005). Relationship satisfaction, affectivity, and gay-specific stressors in same-sex couples joined in civil unions. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 29, 158–166.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Umberson, D., Thomeer, M. B., Kroeger, R. A., Lodge, A. C., & Xu, M. (2015). Challenges and opportunities for research on same‐sex relationships. Journal of Marriage and Family, 77, 96–111. doi: 10.1111/jomf.12155CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Umberson, D., Thomeer, M. B., & Lodge, A. C. (2015). Intimacy and emotion work in lesbian, gay, and heterosexual relationships. Journal of Marriage and Family, 77, 542–556. doi: 10.1111/jomf.12178CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ussher, J. M., & Perz, J. (2008). Empathy, egalitarianism and emotion work in the relational negotiation of PMS: The experience of women in lesbian relationships. Feminism & Psychology, 18, 87–111.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vannier, S. A., & O’Sullivan, L. F. (2010). Sex without desire: Characteristics of occasions of sexual compliance in young adults’ committed relationships. Journal of Sex Research, 47(5), 429–439. doi: 10.1080/00224490903132051CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Walters, M. L., Chen, J., & Breiding, M. J. (2013). The National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS): 2010 findings on victimization by sexual orientation. Atlanta, GA: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Google Scholar
Wight, R. G., LeBlanc, A. J., & Badgett, M. V. L. (2013). Same-sex legal marriage and psychological well-being: Findings from the California Health Interview Survey. American Journal of Public Health, 103, 339–346. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2012.301113CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wortham, J. (2013, March 10). How Grindr is changing the way we connect. New York Times. Retrieved from http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/03/10/how-grindr-is-changing-the-way-we-all-connect/.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×