Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-skm99 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T23:38:23.863Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Development of an equation to predict net protein requirements for the growth of Zebu beef cattle

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 October 2019

L. F. Costa e Silva ,
S. de Campos Valadares Filho ,
P. Del Bianco Benedeti Open the ORCID record for P. Del Bianco Benedeti [Opens in a new window] ,
E. Detmann ,
A. C. Baião Menezes ,
T. Eder Silva  and
F. A. de Sales Silva
L. F. Costa e Silva
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil Alltech do Brasil Agroindustrial, 87050-220, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
S. de Campos Valadares Filho
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
P. Del Bianco Benedeti*
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 89815-630, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil
E. Detmann
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
A. C. Baião Menezes
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
T. Eder Silva
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil Cargill Animal Nutrition/Nutron, 13091-611, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
F. A. de Sales Silva
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
*
†E-mail: pedrodbb@yahoo.com.br
Get access

Abstract

The accurate estimation of protein requirements for beef cattle is a key factor in increasing livestock profitability and decreasing the environmental impacts of excessive N excretion due to mismatching between assumed requirements and diet formulation. A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate and validate a new equation to predict the net protein requirements for growth (NPg) of Zebu beef cattle. For the development of the new approach, a database of 552 observations comprised of bulls, steers, and heifers of different genetic groups (Zebu, beef crossbreed, and dairy crossbreed) was assembled. The new approach was evaluated and compared to current models devised by the international nutrient requirements system committees (Agricultural Research Council, 1980; Beef Cattle Nutrient Requirements Model, 2016; BR-CORTE, 2016) to predict NPg. The model evaluation was performed through the model evaluation system (version 3.1.16) using an independent data set (n = 177 observations). An equation was considered the best estimator of NPg if the following conditions were met: (1) the intercept and slope of the regression between ordinary residues and/or predicted NPg values must have been equal to zero and one, respectively; and (2) the greatest concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) and determination coefficient (R), and lowest mean squared error of prediction (MSEP) were attained. Based on the regression models of the observed v. predicted NPg of Zebu beef cattle, both the new approach and that of the ARC (1980) correctly estimated NPg, since the intercept and slope were not different (P > 0.05) from zero and one, respectively. Additionally, the new approach’s determination coefficient was the greatest and the closest to one. The fact that the new model achieved a higher CCC and lower MSEP than the existing models indicated its superior reproducibility and accuracy. The equations proposed by BR-CORTE (2016) and the BCNRM (2016) did not correctly estimate NPg in that the intercept and slope were different (P < 0.01) from zero and one, respectively. Thus, the equations proposed by the new approach and the ARC (1980) accurately and precisely estimated NPg and are recommended for Zebu cattle. Furthermore, the inclusion of equivalent empty BW (EQEBW) in the new approach improves the estimation of NPg. We suggest the use of the following equation to calculate NPg for Zebu beef cattle: NPg = 176.01 × EBG – 0.381 × EQEBW0.75 × EBG1.035 (R = 0.80 and CCC = 0.75); where NPg = net protein requirements for growth, EBG = empty body gain, and EQEBW = equivalent empty BW.

Keywords

modelingnutrient requirementsNellorediet formulationmeta-analysis
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 14 , Issue 5 , May 2020 , pp. 963 - 972
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2019

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Agricultural research council 1980. The nutrient requirements of ruminant livestock. The Gresham Press, London, UK.Google Scholar
Appuhamy, J, Nayananjalie, W, England, E, Gerrard, D, Akers, R and Hanigan, M 2014. Effects of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling and essential amino acids on mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling and protein synthesis rates in mammary cells. Journal of Dairy Science 97, 419–429.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beef Cattle Nutrient Requirements Model 2016. Nutrient requirements of beef cattle, 8th revised edition. National Academy Press, Washington, DC, USA.Google Scholar
Bibby, J and Toutenburg, H 1977. Prediction and improved estimation in linear models. John Wiley & Sons, Berlin, Germany.Google Scholar
BR-CORTE 2016. Nutrient requirements of Zebu and crossbred cattle, 3rd edition. Suprema Grafica Ltda, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.Google Scholar
Galles, K, Ham, J, Westover, E, Stratton, J, Wagner, J, Engle, T and Bryant, TC 2011. Influence of reduced nitrogen diets on ammonia emissions from cattle feedlot pens. Atmosphere 2, 655–670.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garrett, RP and Hinman, H 1969. Re-evaluation of the relationship between carcass density and body composition of beef steers. Journal of Animal Science 28, 1–5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garrett, WN, Meyer, JH and Lofgreen, GP 1959. The comparative energy requirements of sheep and cattle for maintenance and gain. Journal of Animal Science 18, 528–547.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kobayashi, K and Salam, MU 2000. Comparing simulated and measured values using mean squared deviation and its components. Agronomy Journal 92, 345–352.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marcondes, MI, da Silva, AL, Gionbelli, MP and Valadares Filho, SC 2016. Energy requirements for beef cattle. In Nutrient requirements of Zebu and crossbred cattle (ed. Valadares Filho, SC, Costa e Silva, LF, Gionbelli, MP, Rotta, PP, Marcondes, MI, Chizzotti, ML and Prados, LF), pp. 157–184. Suprema Grafica Ltda, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.Google Scholar
Menezes, ACB, Valadares Filho, SC, Costa e Silva, LF, Pacheco, MVC, Pereira, JMV, Rotta, PP, Zanetti, D, Detmann, E, Silva, FAS, Godoi, LA and Rennó, LN 2016. Does a reduction in dietary crude protein content affect performance, nutrient requirements, nitrogen losses, and methane emissions in finishing Nellore bulls? Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment 223, 239–249.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
National Research Council 1984. Nutrient requirements of beef cattle, 6th edition. National Academy Press, Washington, DC, USA.Google Scholar
National Research Council 1996. Nutrient requirements of beef cattle, 7th edition. National Academy Press, Washington, DC, USA.Google Scholar
Neter, J, Kutner, MH, Nachtsheim, CJ and Wasserman, W 1996. Applied linear statistical models, 4th edition. McGraw-Hill Publishing Co., Boston, MA, USA.Google Scholar
Oliveira, CA and Millen, DD 2014. Survey of the nutritional recommendations and management practices adopted by feedlot cattle nutritionists in Brazil. Animal Feed Science Technology 197, 64–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Owens, FN and Gardner, BA 2000. A review of the impact of feedlot management and nutrition on carcass measurements of feedlot cattle. Journal of Animal Science 77, 1–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Owens, FN, Gill, DR, Secrist, DS and Coleman, SW 1995. Review of some aspects of growth and development of feedlot cattle. Journal of Animal Science 73, 3152–3172.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Prado, IN, Aricett, JA, Rotta, PP, Prado, RM, Perotto, D, Visentaine, JV and Matsushita, M 2008. Carcass characteristics, chemical composition and fatty acid profile of the Longissimus muscle of bulls (Bos taurus indicus vs. Bos taurus taurus) finished in pasture systems. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 23, 1449–1457.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reid, JT, Wellington, GH and Dunn, HO 1955. Some relationships among the major chemical components of the bovine body and their application to nutritional investigations. Journal of Dairy Science 38, 1344–1359.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tedeschi, LO 2006. Assessment of the adequacy of mathematical models. Agricultural Systems 89, 225–247.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Costa e Silva et al. supplementary material

Costa e Silva et al. supplementary material

Download Costa e Silva et al. supplementary material(File)
File 52.6 KB