Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Home
  1. Home
  2. Search

Refine search

Refine search

Access:
Content type:
Publication date:
Apply
Subject: Show more
Journals Show more
Publishers: Show more
Societies Show more
Series: Show more
Collections: Show more

Actions for selected content:

Select all | Deselect all
  • View selected items
  • Export citations
  • Download PDF (zip)
  • Save to Kindle
  • Save to Dropbox
  • Save to Google Drive

Save Search

You can save your searches here and later view and run them again in "My saved searches".

Please provide a title, maximum of 40 characters.
Cancel
×

32 results

Page 1 of 2

  • 1 - Argumentation
  • Raymond S. Nickerson, Tufts University, Massachusetts
  • Book: Argumentation
  • Published online: 27 November 2020
  • Print publication: 17 December 2020, pp 1-15
    • Chapter
      • You have access
    • PDF
    • HTML
    • Export citation
  • View extract

    Summary

    What an argument is, for purposes of this book. Examples of definitions. Purposes that arguments serve. Notable arguments in history. Argumentation as reasoning and conversely. Why another book on argumentation?

  • 6 - Fallacies
  • Raymond S. Nickerson, Tufts University, Massachusetts
  • Book: Argumentation
  • Published online: 27 November 2020
  • Print publication: 17 December 2020, pp 164-207
  • View extract

    Summary

    What is a fallacy? Types of fallacies. Relativity of fallaciousness. Formal and linguistic difficulties and confusions. Ambiguity. Difficulties with syllogisms. Atmosphere and other effects. Non sequitur reasoning. Stereotyping. Reification. Proof by analogy. Rationalization.

  • 8 - Other Flaws and Foibles
  • Raymond S. Nickerson, Tufts University, Massachusetts
  • Book: Argumentation
  • Published online: 27 November 2020
  • Print publication: 17 December 2020, pp 263-290
  • View extract

    Summary

    Oversimplification. False dichotomies. Misleading truths. Failures of omission. The principle of invariance. Overweighting the here-and-now. Failure to write off sunk costs. Failure to consider opportunity costs. The myth of objectivity (in journalism, historical reporting, in science).

  • 9 - Stratagems
  • Raymond S. Nickerson, Tufts University, Massachusetts
  • Book: Argumentation
  • Published online: 27 November 2020
  • Print publication: 17 December 2020, pp 291-329
  • View extract

    Summary

    Appeal to tradition, common knowledge, ignorance, vanity. Proof by selected instances, frequent repetition, obfuscation, blatant assertion. Straw man. Diversion. Incredulity and ridicule. Exploitation of linguistic ambiguity. Linguistic preemption. Selective use of statistics. Ploys and entrapment. Misleading (not necessarily false) claims.

  • 5 - Plausibility
  • Raymond S. Nickerson, Tufts University, Massachusetts
  • Book: Argumentation
  • Published online: 27 November 2020
  • Print publication: 17 December 2020, pp 135-163
  • View extract

    Summary

    What makes a claim (premise of an argument) plausible? Knowledge and metaknowledge. Believed/assumed relationship and perceived strength of the relationship between antecedent and consequent. Awareness of alternative causes or preventatives. Unawareness of counterexamples. Believed credibility and believed intention of source. Framing effects. Diversity of evidentiary support. Emotions, preferences, and other variables. Global fit. Plausibility theory.

Page 1 of 2