General histories of the Progressive Era have by and large ignored educational reform even though it was an integral part of the Progressive Movement. Lawrence Cremin, who has done much to remedy this oversight, has described Progressivism in education as “a many-sided effort to use the schools to improve the lives of individuals.” To the Progressives, according to Cremin, this meant “broadening the program and the function of the school to include direct concern for health, vocation, and the quality of family and community life … applying in the classroom the pedagogical principles derived from new scientific research in psychology and the social sciences … [and] tailoring instruction more and more to the different kinds and classes of children who were being brought within the purview of the school.”