A collection of 6,151 bryozoan colonies (two cyclostome species from two families, and 73 cheilostome species from 30 families) from the leeward fringing reef of Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles, is largely, but not entirely, of Caribbean affinities, with some links to Indo-Pacific populations. The bryozoans from Bonaire show some relation to water depth at species and higher taxonomic levels, but these relations are not clear-cut. Many of the species are found through all or most of the 73 meter depth range sampled, but a few are limited to shallow water, and some to deeper water. At a higher taxonomic level, some families (e.g., Calloporidae, Bugulidae, Smittinidae) include wide depth-ranging species, shallow-water species, and deep-water species; this indicates some divergence between species and family-level depth distributions. Several calculated diversity indices show variable trends with increasing water depth, with at most only slight increases with depth. The bryozoans in this southern Caribbean reef assemblage do not show the well-defined depth zonation of corals. However, the recognition of deep- and shallow-water assemblages containing diagnostic species does show that cryptic reef-dwelling bryozoans have paleoecological utility as depth indicators in ancient reefs.