This paper describes reactions occurring between the 25.5 Å ammonium propionate (AP) intercalate of a well-crystallized Georgia kaolinite with ethylene glycol, 1-6-diaminohexane and a quaternary amine (QA), namely
An ethylene glycol kaolinite complex is obtained with a strong d001 reflection at 10.9 Å. Seven 00l orders are observed easily. The IR spectrum shows bands at 3697, 3654 (weak shoulder) 3644 and 3622 cm−1, assigned to OH stretching of kaolinite and a strong OH band of E.G. at 3300 cm−1. No absorption band of AP is observed.
The 1.6-diaminohexane product is characterized by two broad reflections at 16.6 and 7.4 Å. Distinct Amide I and Amide II IR bands imply that the carboxyl group of the propionic acid has reacted with the amino group. By treating the AP complex with QA a very stable kaolinite-QA complex suspension in benzene was obtained. On drying an X-ray amorphous solid with no reflection at spacing & 20 Å was obtained. The hydroxyl stretching bands of the original kaolinite are drastically modified, a very strong band at 3560 cm−1, a strong doublet at 3620 and 3605 cm−1 were observed. A weak singlet is obtained at 3695 cm−1. The two OH bending bands are replaced by a single band at 912 cm−1. A complicated set of interactions results in the loss of stacking order about the C-axis, accompanied by some curling of layer packets. A prolonged treatment with water restores the X-ray and IR spectra of the original kaolinite.