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Composite Substances as True Wholes: Toward a Modified Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika Theory of Composite Substances
- John Kronen, Jacob Tuttle
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- Journal:
- Canadian Journal of Philosophy / Volume 41 / Issue 2 / June 2011
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 01 January 2020, pp. 289-316
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In the Categories Aristotle defined substance as that which is neither predicable of nor in another. In saying that a substance is not predicable of another, Aristotle meant to exclude genera and species from the category substance. Aman is a substance but not man. In saying that a substance is not in another, Aristotle meant to exclude property particulars from the category. A man is a substance, not his color.
The Categories treats substances as simples. Though a particular substance, Bucephalus the horse, has parts, it is nevertheless a single entity in the category substance and, hence, incomplex in the way a black thing or a running man are not. Black things and runners are complex because they are aggregates of substances and property particulars. Even if a horse is one substance and, thus, an entity (unlike a substance cum some of its attributes or a group of related substances), a horse is made of parts and one may wonder how it is related to its parts, as well as how its being made of parts coheres with the definition of substance given in the Categories.
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- By Rose Teteki Abbey, K. C. Abraham, David Tuesday Adamo, LeRoy H. Aden, Efrain Agosto, Victor Aguilan, Gillian T. W. Ahlgren, Charanjit Kaur AjitSingh, Dorothy B E A Akoto, Giuseppe Alberigo, Daniel E. Albrecht, Ruth Albrecht, Daniel O. Aleshire, Urs Altermatt, Anand Amaladass, Michael Amaladoss, James N. Amanze, Lesley G. Anderson, Thomas C. Anderson, Victor Anderson, Hope S. Antone, María Pilar Aquino, Paula Arai, Victorio Araya Guillén, S. Wesley Ariarajah, Ellen T. Armour, Brett Gregory Armstrong, Atsuhiro Asano, Naim Stifan Ateek, Mahmoud Ayoub, John Alembillah Azumah, Mercedes L. García Bachmann, Irena Backus, J. Wayne Baker, Mieke Bal, Lewis V. Baldwin, William Barbieri, António Barbosa da Silva, David Basinger, Bolaji Olukemi Bateye, Oswald Bayer, Daniel H. Bays, Rosalie Beck, Nancy Elizabeth Bedford, Guy-Thomas Bedouelle, Chorbishop Seely Beggiani, Wolfgang Behringer, Christopher M. Bellitto, Byard Bennett, Harold V. Bennett, Teresa Berger, Miguel A. Bernad, Henley Bernard, Alan E. Bernstein, Jon L. Berquist, Johannes Beutler, Ana María Bidegain, Matthew P. Binkewicz, Jennifer Bird, Joseph Blenkinsopp, Dmytro Bondarenko, Paulo Bonfatti, Riet en Pim Bons-Storm, Jessica A. Boon, Marcus J. Borg, Mark Bosco, Peter C. Bouteneff, François Bovon, William D. Bowman, Paul S. Boyer, David Brakke, Richard E. Brantley, Marcus Braybrooke, Ian Breward, Ênio José da Costa Brito, Jewel Spears Brooker, Johannes Brosseder, Nicholas Canfield Read Brown, Robert F. Brown, Pamela K. Brubaker, Walter Brueggemann, Bishop Colin O. Buchanan, Stanley M. Burgess, Amy Nelson Burnett, J. Patout Burns, David B. Burrell, David Buttrick, James P. Byrd, Lavinia Byrne, Gerado Caetano, Marcos Caldas, Alkiviadis Calivas, William J. Callahan, Salvatore Calomino, Euan K. Cameron, William S. Campbell, Marcelo Ayres Camurça, Daniel F. Caner, Paul E. Capetz, Carlos F. Cardoza-Orlandi, Patrick W. Carey, Barbara Carvill, Hal Cauthron, Subhadra Mitra Channa, Mark D. 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Yee, Viktor Yelensky, Yeo Khiok-Khng, Gustav K. K. Yeung, Angela Yiu, Amos Yong, Yong Ting Jin, You Bin, Youhanna Nessim Youssef, Eliana Yunes, Robert Michael Zaller, Valarie H. Ziegler, Barbara Brown Zikmund, Joyce Ann Zimmerman, Aurora Zlotnik, Zhuo Xinping
- Edited by Daniel Patte, Vanderbilt University, Tennessee
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- The Cambridge Dictionary of Christianity
- Published online:
- 05 August 2012
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- 20 September 2010, pp xi-xliv
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Defect Chalcopyrite Cu(In1-x, Gax)3Se5 Polycrystalline Thin-Film Materials
- Miguel A. Contreras, Holm Wiesner, Rick Matson, John Tuttle, Kannan Ramanathan, Rommel Noufi
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- Journal:
- MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 426 / 1996
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 10 February 2011, 243
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- 1996
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The defect chalcopyrite material CuIn3Se5 has been identified as playing an essential role in efficient photovoltaic action in CuInSe2-based devices; it has been reported to be of n-type conductivity, forming a p-n junction with its p-type counterpart CuInSe2. Because the most efficient cells consist of the Cu(In1-xGax)Se2 quaternary, knowledge of some physical properties of the Ga-containing defect chalcopyrite Cu(In1-xGax)3Se5 may help us better understand the junction phenomena in such devices.
Polycrystalline Cu(Inl-xGax)3Se5 (with O<x<l) thin films have been grown on 7059 Coming glass, soda-lime silica glass, n-type (100)Si, and Mo-coated soda-lime glass by coevaporation from elemental sources. In general, optical data show direct optical bandgaps that range from 1.20 eV for x=0 to ∼1.85 eV for x=l (this represents ∼200 meV higher bandgaps than the Cu(In, Ga)Se2 counterparts). Micrographs of the thin films show a substantial change in morphology as the Ga content is increased—for identical conditions of growth rate and substrate temperature. X-ray diffraction patterns agree with previously publish data for the ternary case (x=0), where these materials have been referred to as ordered vacancy compounds. Pole figures confirm a high degree of texturing in the films and a change in preferred orientation as Ga content is increased.
Electron Transport in InAs/AlSb Quantum Wells: Interface Sequencing Effects
- Gary Tuttle, Herbert Kroemer, John H. English
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- Journal:
- MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 145 / 1989
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 28 February 2011, 415
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- 1989
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We present data on electron transport in AlSb/InAs/AlSb quantum wells grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Because both anion and cation change across an InAs/Alsb interface, it is possible to grow such wells with two different types of interfaces, one with an InSb-like bond configuration, the other AlAs-like. Electron mobility and concentration were found to depend very strongly on the manner in which the quantum well's interfaces were grown, with high mobilities seen only if the bottom interface is InSb-like. An As-on-Al sites antisite defect model is postulated for bottom AlAs-like interfaces.
Kinematics of Oxygen-Rich Filaments in Puppis A
- P. Frank Winkler, John H. Tuttle, Robert P. Kirshner, Michael J. Irwin
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- Journal:
- International Astronomical Union Colloquium / Volume 101 / 1988
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- 12 April 2016, pp. 65-68
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- 1988
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We have measured proper motions for fast, oxygen-rich knots in Puppis A, which we demonstrate are probably uncontaminated ejecta from the progenitor star’s core. Typical fast knots show motions of 0.1-0.2 arcsec yr-1 diverging from a point 4’ northeast of the center of the radio shell. A model assuming constant expansion fits the data well and gives an age of 3700 ± 300 yr for Puppis A. We also present new spectra which indicate the presence of neon along with oxygen in the fast knots.