Advisory Committee on Science and Technology. Developments in Biotechnology. London: HMSO, 1990

Alexander, H.Biodegradation of chemicals of environmental concern. Science 211 (1981), 132–8CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Angold, R., Beech, G. and Taggart, J. Food Biotechnology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989

Asenjo, J. A. (ed.). Separation Processes in Biotechnology. New York: Marcel Dekker, 1990

Atlas, R. and Bartha, R. Microbial Ecology, 3rd edn. Wokingham, UK: Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Co. 1983

Bains, W. and Evans, C. The business of biotechnology. In Basic Biotechnology, 2nd edn, ed. C. Ratledge and B. Kristiansen. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001, pp. 255–79

Beddey, R.‘Green’ energy from sugar cane. Chemistry & Industry, May (1993), 355–8Google Scholar

Beringer, J. E.Is there a future for GMOs?Biologist 42 (2000), 81–4Google Scholar

Beringer, J. E. and Bale, M. J.Releasing genetically modified microorganisms to the environment. Biologist 39 (1992), 49–51Google Scholar

Berry, D.Yeast matters. Biologist 46 (1999), 211–14Google Scholar

Bienz-Tadmor, B.Biopharmaceuticals go to market: patterns of world-wide development. Bio/Technology 11 (1993), 168–71Google Scholar

BIOTOL (Biotechnology by Open Learning). A series of books. Oxford: Butterworth (Heinemann Ltd)

Bio-Wise. Industrial Solid Waste Treatment: A Review of Composting/Technology. Bio-Wise, PO Box 83, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX110 BR, 2001

Bolin, F.Levelling land mines with biotechnology. Nature Biotechnology 17 (1999), 732CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bremner, C. and Conner, J. International Initiative in Biotechnology for Developing Country Agriculture: Promises and Problems. Paris: OECD, 1994CrossRef

British Medical Association. Our Genetic Future: the Science and Ethics of Gene Technology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992

Brooks, R., Anderson, C., Stewart, R. and Robinson, B.Phytomining: growing a crop of a metal. Biologist 46 (1999), 201–5Google Scholar

Brown, T. A. Essential Molecular Biology. Oxford: IRL Press, 1991

Budd, R. The Uses of Life: A History of Biotechnology. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1993

Bull, A. T.Clean technology: industry and environment – a viable partnership. Biologist 47 (2003), 61–4Google Scholar

Bull, A. T., Holt, G. and Lilly, M. D. Biotechnology: International Trends and Perspectives. Paris: OECD, 1982

Campbell-Platt, G. Fermented Foods of the World: A Dictionary and Guide. London: Butterworth, 1989

Cash, P.Proteomics: the protein revolution. Biologist 49 (2002), 58–62Google ScholarPubMed

Castro-Rios, A.Human rights in the world of genetic revolution. Human Reproduction and Genetic Ethics 5 (1999), 26–30CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Chang, S.-T.World production of cultivated edible and medicinal mushrooms in 1997. International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms 1 (1999), 291–300CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Chemistry & Industry. Special Issue ‘Environmental Technology’, June, No. 11, 1994

Davies, J. E. and Demain, A. L. Manual of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2nd edn. Washington DC: America Society of Microbiology, 1999

de Chadarevian, S. Designs for Life: Molecular Biology after World War II. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002, p. 423

Della-Cioppa, G. and Callan, M.Sex, lies and herbicides. Nature Biotechnology 18 (2000), 241CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Desmorescaux, P. and Hodgson, J.Building a common future. Nature Biotechnology 17 (1999), BVIGoogle Scholar

Durrant, J. R., Evans, G. A. and Thomas, G. P.The public understanding of science. Nature 340 (1989), 11–14CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Eggeling, L., Pfefferle, W. and Sahm, H. (2001). Amino acids. In Basic Biotechnology, ed. C. Ratledge and B. Kristiansen. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 281–304

European Federation of Biotechnology (EFB). Biotechnology in foods and drinks. Briefing Paper 2. Task Group on Public Perceptions of Biotechnology. Holland: EFB, 1994

European Federation of Biotechnology (EFB) The Application of Human Genetic Research. Briefing Paper 3. Task Group on Public Perceptions of Biotechnology. Holland: EFB, 1995

European Federation of Biotechnology (EFB) Environmental Biotechnology. Holland: EFB, 1999. http://www.kluyver.stm.tudelft.nl/ef6/hom.htm

Fincham, J. R. G. and Ravetz, J. R. Genetically Engineered Organisms – Risks and Benefits. Buckingham: Open University Press, 1991

Flavell, R. B.Agriculture: a path of experiment and change. Nature Biotechnology 17 suppl. (1999), 7–8CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Forster, C. F. Biotechnology and Waste-Water Treatment. Cambridge Studies in Biotechnology 2. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985

Fry, J. C. and Day, M. (eds.). Release of Genetically Engineered and Other Microorganisms. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993

Godfrey, T. and Reichelt, J. Industrial Enzymology. The Application of Enzymes in Industry. London: Macmillan, 1983

Golub, E. The Limits of Medicine: How Science Shapes Our Hope for the Cure. New York: Time Books, 1994

Golub, E.The constant presence of death. Bio/Technology 13 (1995), 191–2Google Scholar

Graham, A.A haystack of needles: applying the polymerase chain reaction. Chemistry & Industry October (1994), 718–21Google Scholar

Grainger, J. and Madden, D.The polymerase chain reaction: turning needles into haystacks. Biologist 40 (1993), 197–200Google Scholar

Gray, J. The Genetic Engineer and Biotechnologist. Swansea: GB Biotechnology Ltd, 1990

Guarraia, L. J., Ryse, R. S., Godown, R. D. and Agar, B.Genetic engineering: existing safeguards. Our Planet 6 (1994), 42–5Google Scholar

Hacking, A. J. Economic Aspects of Biotechnology. Cambridge Studies in Biotechnology 3. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986

Hammond, S. M. and Lambert, P. A. Antibiotics and Antimicrobial Action. Studies in Biology, No. 90. London: Edward Arnold, 1978

Harris, B.Magic bullets. Chemistry & Industry, September (1991), 656–9Google Scholar

Harris, F., Chatfield, L. and Phoenix, D. A.The gene genie. Biologist 49 (2002), 25–8Google ScholarPubMed

Higgins, I. J., Best, D. J. and Jones, J. Biotechnology, Principles and Applications. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1985

Hodgson, J.Biosafety rules get thumbs up. Nature Biotechnology 18 (2000a), 253CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Hodgson, J.Crystal-gazing – the new biotechnologies. Nature Biotechnology 18 (2000b), 29–31CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Jacobsson, S., Jamison, A. and Rothman, H. The Biotechnology Challenge. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986

Jaroff, L.Happy birthday double helix. Time Magazine, March 15 (1993), 50–8Google Scholar

Johnson, K.Prospects for gene therapy. Chemistry and Industry (1991), 644–6Google Scholar

Jones, H. and Wiley, P.The double helix. Biologist 50 (2003), 53–7Google Scholar

King, P. P.Biotechnology: an industrial view. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology 32 (1982), 2–8CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Krijgsman, J. Production Recovery in Bioprocess Technology. BIOTOL Series. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann, 1992

Kristiansen, K. and Chamberlain, H. (1983). Fermenter systems. In The Filamentous Fungi, Vol. 4, ed. Smith, J. E., Berry, D. R. and Kristiansen, B. London: Edward Arnold, pp. 48–61

Lappé, M. and Bailey, B. Against the Grain. Genetic Transformation of Global Agriculture. Earthscan Publications, 1999

Marshall, A.The insects are coming. Nature Biotechnology 16 (1998), 530–3CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

McCormick, D. K.First words, last words. Bio/Technology 14 (1996), 224Google Scholar

Mittwoch, U.‘Clone’: the history of a euphonious scientific term. Medical History 46 (2002), 381–402Google Scholar

Morgan, P. Biotechnology and Oil Spills. Shell Centre London SE1 7NA: Group Public Affairs, Shell Industrial Petroleum Company Ltd., 1991

Moser, A.Sustainable biotechnology development: from high tech to eco-tech. Acta Biotechnology 12 (1994), 2–6Google Scholar

Office of Technology Assessment. Commercial Biotechnology: An International Analysis. Washington DC: US Congress, 1984

Office of Technology Assessment Bioremediation for Marine Oil Spills. Washington DC: US Congress, 1991

Old, R. W. and Primrose, S. B. Principles of Gene Manipulations – An Introduction to Genetic Engineering. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1990

Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Biotechnology: Economic and Wider Impacts. Paris: OECD, 1989

Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Biotechnology, Agriculture and Food. Paris: OECD, 1992

Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Safety Evaluation of Foods Derived by Modern Biotechnology. Paris: OECD, 1993

Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Biotechnology for Clean Industrial Products and Processes: Towards Industrial Sustainability. Paris: OECD, 1998

Owen, M. R. L., Gandecha, A., Cockburn, B. and Whitelaw, G. C.The expression of antibiotics in plants. Chemistry & Industry, June (1992), 406–8Google Scholar

Parekh, R.Proteomics and molecular medicine. Nature Biotechnology 17 (1999), 19–20CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Pennington, H.Millennium bugs. Biologist 47 (2000), 93–5Google ScholarPubMed

Powell, W. and Hillman, J. R. Opportunities and Problems in Plant Biotechnology. Edinburgh: Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 1992, p. 182

Ratledge, C. and Kristiansen, B. (eds). Basic Biotechnology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (contains a wide selection of relevant chapters)

Rexroad, C. E.Transgenic livestock in agriculture and medicine. Chemistry & Industry, April (1995), 372–5Google Scholar

Roberts, S. M., Turner, N. T., Willets, A. and Turner, M. K. Introduction to Biocatalysis using Whole Enzymes and Microorganisms. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995

Robinson, C.Making forest biot0echnology a commercial reality. Nature Biotechnology 17 (1999), 27–30CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Salamini, F.North–South innovation transfer. Nature Biotechnology 17 suppl. (1999), 11–12CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Scientific American. Industrial Microbiology and the Advent of Genetic Engineering. A Scientific American Book. New York: W. H. Freeman & Co., 1981

Slesser, M. and Lewis, C. Biological Energy Reserves. London: E & F. M. Spon, 1979

Smith, J. E. Biotechnology Principles. Aspects of Microbiology II. Holland: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1985

Smith, J. E., Rowan, N. J. and Sullivan, R.Medicinal mushrooms: a rapidly developing area of biotechnology for cancer therapy and other bioactivities. Biotechnology Letters 24 (2002), 1839–45CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Snell, N.Bioterrorism today. Biologist 49 (2002), 140Google ScholarPubMed

Speir, R. E. (ed.). The Encyclopaedia of Cell Technology. New York: John Wiley, 2002

Spencer, R. and Lightfoot, N.Preparedness and response to bioterrorism. Journal of Infection 43 (2001), 104–10CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Staat, F. and Vallet, E.Vegetable oil methyl ester as a diesel substitute. Chemistry & Industry, November (1994), 863–5Google Scholar

Stanbury, P. F. and Whitaker, A. Principles of Fermentation Technology. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1984

Steinbuerg, F. M. and Raso, J.Biotech pharmaceuticals and biotherapy: an overview. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science 1 (1998), 48–59Google Scholar

Stewart, C. N. (2003). Transgenic Plants: Current Innovations and Future Trends. Norfolk: Horizon Press, p. 297

The Royal Society. Transgenic Plants and World Agriculture. London: The Royal Society, 2000, www.royalsoc.ac.uk

The Royal Society Genetically Modified Plants for Food Use and Human Health – An Update. London: The Royal Society, 2002, www.royalsoc.ac.uk

Walgate, R. Miracle or Menace: Biotechnology and the Third World. London: The Panos Institute, 1990

Waste Management and Recycling International. Sterling Publications Ltd., 86–88 Edgware Road, London W2 2YW, 1994

Watson, J. S. and Tooze, J. The DNA Story. New York: W. H. Freeman & Co., 1981

Wells, D. A. and Herron, L. L.Automated sample preparation for genomics. PharmaGenomics 2 (2002), 52–5Google Scholar

Williamson, R. and Kampmann, D.Gene therapy – the great debate. Human Reproduction and Genetic Ethics 2 (1998), 25–8CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Wood, B. J. B. (ed.). The Microbiology of Fermented Foods, Vols 1 and 2, 2nd edn. London: Elsevier Applied Science Publishers, 1998

Wymer, P. Making sense of biosensors. NCBE Newsletter. Reading: Reading University, 1990

Yanchinski, S. and Sasaki, M. Setting Genes to Work: The Industrial Era of Biotechnology. New York: Viking, 1985

Yokotsuka, T. Fermented protein foods in the Orient, with emphasis on shoyu and miso in Japan. In Microbiology of Fermented Foods, Vol. 1, ed. B. J. B. Wood. London: Elsevier Applied Science Publishers, 1985, pp. 351–415

Advisory Committee on Science and Technology. Developments in Biotechnology. London: HMSO, 1990

Alexander, H.Biodegradation of chemicals of environmental concern. Science 211 (1981), 132–8CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Angold, R., Beech, G. and Taggart, J. Food Biotechnology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989

Asenjo, J. A. (ed.). Separation Processes in Biotechnology. New York: Marcel Dekker, 1990

Atlas, R. and Bartha, R. Microbial Ecology, 3rd edn. Wokingham, UK: Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Co. 1983

Bains, W. and Evans, C. The business of biotechnology. In Basic Biotechnology, 2nd edn, ed. C. Ratledge and B. Kristiansen. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001, pp. 255–79

Beddey, R.‘Green’ energy from sugar cane. Chemistry & Industry, May (1993), 355–8Google Scholar

Beringer, J. E.Is there a future for GMOs?Biologist 42 (2000), 81–4Google Scholar

Beringer, J. E. and Bale, M. J.Releasing genetically modified microorganisms to the environment. Biologist 39 (1992), 49–51Google Scholar

Berry, D.Yeast matters. Biologist 46 (1999), 211–14Google Scholar

Bienz-Tadmor, B.Biopharmaceuticals go to market: patterns of world-wide development. Bio/Technology 11 (1993), 168–71Google Scholar

BIOTOL (Biotechnology by Open Learning). A series of books. Oxford: Butterworth (Heinemann Ltd)

Bio-Wise. Industrial Solid Waste Treatment: A Review of Composting/Technology. Bio-Wise, PO Box 83, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX110 BR, 2001

Bolin, F.Levelling land mines with biotechnology. Nature Biotechnology 17 (1999), 732CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bremner, C. and Conner, J. International Initiative in Biotechnology for Developing Country Agriculture: Promises and Problems. Paris: OECD, 1994CrossRef

British Medical Association. Our Genetic Future: the Science and Ethics of Gene Technology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992

Brooks, R., Anderson, C., Stewart, R. and Robinson, B.Phytomining: growing a crop of a metal. Biologist 46 (1999), 201–5Google Scholar

Brown, T. A. Essential Molecular Biology. Oxford: IRL Press, 1991

Budd, R. The Uses of Life: A History of Biotechnology. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1993

Bull, A. T.Clean technology: industry and environment – a viable partnership. Biologist 47 (2003), 61–4Google Scholar

Bull, A. T., Holt, G. and Lilly, M. D. Biotechnology: International Trends and Perspectives. Paris: OECD, 1982

Campbell-Platt, G. Fermented Foods of the World: A Dictionary and Guide. London: Butterworth, 1989

Cash, P.Proteomics: the protein revolution. Biologist 49 (2002), 58–62Google ScholarPubMed

Castro-Rios, A.Human rights in the world of genetic revolution. Human Reproduction and Genetic Ethics 5 (1999), 26–30CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Chang, S.-T.World production of cultivated edible and medicinal mushrooms in 1997. International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms 1 (1999), 291–300CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Chemistry & Industry. Special Issue ‘Environmental Technology’, June, No. 11, 1994

Davies, J. E. and Demain, A. L. Manual of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2nd edn. Washington DC: America Society of Microbiology, 1999

de Chadarevian, S. Designs for Life: Molecular Biology after World War II. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002, p. 423

Della-Cioppa, G. and Callan, M.Sex, lies and herbicides. Nature Biotechnology 18 (2000), 241CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Desmorescaux, P. and Hodgson, J.Building a common future. Nature Biotechnology 17 (1999), BVIGoogle Scholar

Durrant, J. R., Evans, G. A. and Thomas, G. P.The public understanding of science. Nature 340 (1989), 11–14CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Eggeling, L., Pfefferle, W. and Sahm, H. (2001). Amino acids. In Basic Biotechnology, ed. C. Ratledge and B. Kristiansen. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 281–304

European Federation of Biotechnology (EFB). Biotechnology in foods and drinks. Briefing Paper 2. Task Group on Public Perceptions of Biotechnology. Holland: EFB, 1994

European Federation of Biotechnology (EFB) The Application of Human Genetic Research. Briefing Paper 3. Task Group on Public Perceptions of Biotechnology. Holland: EFB, 1995

European Federation of Biotechnology (EFB) Environmental Biotechnology. Holland: EFB, 1999. http://www.kluyver.stm.tudelft.nl/ef6/hom.htm

Fincham, J. R. G. and Ravetz, J. R. Genetically Engineered Organisms – Risks and Benefits. Buckingham: Open University Press, 1991

Flavell, R. B.Agriculture: a path of experiment and change. Nature Biotechnology 17 suppl. (1999), 7–8CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Forster, C. F. Biotechnology and Waste-Water Treatment. Cambridge Studies in Biotechnology 2. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985

Fry, J. C. and Day, M. (eds.). Release of Genetically Engineered and Other Microorganisms. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993

Godfrey, T. and Reichelt, J. Industrial Enzymology. The Application of Enzymes in Industry. London: Macmillan, 1983

Golub, E. The Limits of Medicine: How Science Shapes Our Hope for the Cure. New York: Time Books, 1994

Golub, E.The constant presence of death. Bio/Technology 13 (1995), 191–2Google Scholar

Graham, A.A haystack of needles: applying the polymerase chain reaction. Chemistry & Industry October (1994), 718–21Google Scholar

Grainger, J. and Madden, D.The polymerase chain reaction: turning needles into haystacks. Biologist 40 (1993), 197–200Google Scholar

Gray, J. The Genetic Engineer and Biotechnologist. Swansea: GB Biotechnology Ltd, 1990

Guarraia, L. J., Ryse, R. S., Godown, R. D. and Agar, B.Genetic engineering: existing safeguards. Our Planet 6 (1994), 42–5Google Scholar

Hacking, A. J. Economic Aspects of Biotechnology. Cambridge Studies in Biotechnology 3. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986

Hammond, S. M. and Lambert, P. A. Antibiotics and Antimicrobial Action. Studies in Biology, No. 90. London: Edward Arnold, 1978

Harris, B.Magic bullets. Chemistry & Industry, September (1991), 656–9Google Scholar

Harris, F., Chatfield, L. and Phoenix, D. A.The gene genie. Biologist 49 (2002), 25–8Google ScholarPubMed

Higgins, I. J., Best, D. J. and Jones, J. Biotechnology, Principles and Applications. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1985

Hodgson, J.Biosafety rules get thumbs up. Nature Biotechnology 18 (2000a), 253CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Hodgson, J.Crystal-gazing – the new biotechnologies. Nature Biotechnology 18 (2000b), 29–31CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Jacobsson, S., Jamison, A. and Rothman, H. The Biotechnology Challenge. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986

Jaroff, L.Happy birthday double helix. Time Magazine, March 15 (1993), 50–8Google Scholar

Johnson, K.Prospects for gene therapy. Chemistry and Industry (1991), 644–6Google Scholar

Jones, H. and Wiley, P.The double helix. Biologist 50 (2003), 53–7Google Scholar

King, P. P.Biotechnology: an industrial view. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology 32 (1982), 2–8CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Krijgsman, J. Production Recovery in Bioprocess Technology. BIOTOL Series. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann, 1992

Kristiansen, K. and Chamberlain, H. (1983). Fermenter systems. In The Filamentous Fungi, Vol. 4, ed. Smith, J. E., Berry, D. R. and Kristiansen, B. London: Edward Arnold, pp. 48–61

Lappé, M. and Bailey, B. Against the Grain. Genetic Transformation of Global Agriculture. Earthscan Publications, 1999

Marshall, A.The insects are coming. Nature Biotechnology 16 (1998), 530–3CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

McCormick, D. K.First words, last words. Bio/Technology 14 (1996), 224Google Scholar

Mittwoch, U.‘Clone’: the history of a euphonious scientific term. Medical History 46 (2002), 381–402Google Scholar

Morgan, P. Biotechnology and Oil Spills. Shell Centre London SE1 7NA: Group Public Affairs, Shell Industrial Petroleum Company Ltd., 1991

Moser, A.Sustainable biotechnology development: from high tech to eco-tech. Acta Biotechnology 12 (1994), 2–6Google Scholar

Office of Technology Assessment. Commercial Biotechnology: An International Analysis. Washington DC: US Congress, 1984

Office of Technology Assessment Bioremediation for Marine Oil Spills. Washington DC: US Congress, 1991

Old, R. W. and Primrose, S. B. Principles of Gene Manipulations – An Introduction to Genetic Engineering. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1990

Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Biotechnology: Economic and Wider Impacts. Paris: OECD, 1989

Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Biotechnology, Agriculture and Food. Paris: OECD, 1992

Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Safety Evaluation of Foods Derived by Modern Biotechnology. Paris: OECD, 1993

Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Biotechnology for Clean Industrial Products and Processes: Towards Industrial Sustainability. Paris: OECD, 1998

Owen, M. R. L., Gandecha, A., Cockburn, B. and Whitelaw, G. C.The expression of antibiotics in plants. Chemistry & Industry, June (1992), 406–8Google Scholar

Parekh, R.Proteomics and molecular medicine. Nature Biotechnology 17 (1999), 19–20CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Pennington, H.Millennium bugs. Biologist 47 (2000), 93–5Google ScholarPubMed

Powell, W. and Hillman, J. R. Opportunities and Problems in Plant Biotechnology. Edinburgh: Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 1992, p. 182

Ratledge, C. and Kristiansen, B. (eds). Basic Biotechnology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (contains a wide selection of relevant chapters)

Rexroad, C. E.Transgenic livestock in agriculture and medicine. Chemistry & Industry, April (1995), 372–5Google Scholar

Roberts, S. M., Turner, N. T., Willets, A. and Turner, M. K. Introduction to Biocatalysis using Whole Enzymes and Microorganisms. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995

Robinson, C.Making forest biot0echnology a commercial reality. Nature Biotechnology 17 (1999), 27–30CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Salamini, F.North–South innovation transfer. Nature Biotechnology 17 suppl. (1999), 11–12CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Scientific American. Industrial Microbiology and the Advent of Genetic Engineering. A Scientific American Book. New York: W. H. Freeman & Co., 1981

Slesser, M. and Lewis, C. Biological Energy Reserves. London: E & F. M. Spon, 1979

Smith, J. E. Biotechnology Principles. Aspects of Microbiology II. Holland: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1985

Smith, J. E., Rowan, N. J. and Sullivan, R.Medicinal mushrooms: a rapidly developing area of biotechnology for cancer therapy and other bioactivities. Biotechnology Letters 24 (2002), 1839–45CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Snell, N.Bioterrorism today. Biologist 49 (2002), 140Google ScholarPubMed

Speir, R. E. (ed.). The Encyclopaedia of Cell Technology. New York: John Wiley, 2002

Spencer, R. and Lightfoot, N.Preparedness and response to bioterrorism. Journal of Infection 43 (2001), 104–10CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Staat, F. and Vallet, E.Vegetable oil methyl ester as a diesel substitute. Chemistry & Industry, November (1994), 863–5Google Scholar

Stanbury, P. F. and Whitaker, A. Principles of Fermentation Technology. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1984

Steinbuerg, F. M. and Raso, J.Biotech pharmaceuticals and biotherapy: an overview. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science 1 (1998), 48–59Google Scholar

Stewart, C. N. (2003). Transgenic Plants: Current Innovations and Future Trends. Norfolk: Horizon Press, p. 297

The Royal Society. Transgenic Plants and World Agriculture. London: The Royal Society, 2000, www.royalsoc.ac.uk

The Royal Society Genetically Modified Plants for Food Use and Human Health – An Update. London: The Royal Society, 2002, www.royalsoc.ac.uk

Walgate, R. Miracle or Menace: Biotechnology and the Third World. London: The Panos Institute, 1990

Waste Management and Recycling International. Sterling Publications Ltd., 86–88 Edgware Road, London W2 2YW, 1994

Watson, J. S. and Tooze, J. The DNA Story. New York: W. H. Freeman & Co., 1981

Wells, D. A. and Herron, L. L.Automated sample preparation for genomics. PharmaGenomics 2 (2002), 52–5Google Scholar

Williamson, R. and Kampmann, D.Gene therapy – the great debate. Human Reproduction and Genetic Ethics 2 (1998), 25–8CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Wood, B. J. B. (ed.). The Microbiology of Fermented Foods, Vols 1 and 2, 2nd edn. London: Elsevier Applied Science Publishers, 1998

Wymer, P. Making sense of biosensors. NCBE Newsletter. Reading: Reading University, 1990

Yanchinski, S. and Sasaki, M. Setting Genes to Work: The Industrial Era of Biotechnology. New York: Viking, 1985

Yokotsuka, T. Fermented protein foods in the Orient, with emphasis on shoyu and miso in Japan. In Microbiology of Fermented Foods, Vol. 1, ed. B. J. B. Wood. London: Elsevier Applied Science Publishers, 1985, pp. 351–415