Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-p2v8j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-02T19:17:29.742Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

20 - Women’s Rights, Customary Law, and the Promise of the Protocol on the Rights of Women in Africa

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 February 2012

Johanna E. Bond
Affiliation:
Washington and Lee University in Virginia
Jeanmarie Fenrich
Affiliation:
School of Law, Fordham University, United States of America
Paolo Galizzi
Affiliation:
School of Law, Fordham University, United States of America
Tracy E. Higgins
Affiliation:
School of Law, Fordham University, United States of America
Get access

Summary

Introduction

The existence of plural legal systems in Commonwealth Africa presents both challenges and opportunities for women’s rights activists in the region. Because statutory, customary, and religious laws operate as parallel systems of law in many countries, women enjoy different rights within each system of law. Customary law is dynamic, often unwritten law that governs in some countries in certain areas of law, such as family law matters. In a few cases, customary law has evolved to reflect human rights norms of gender equality. In other cases, courts have invalidated customary laws that discriminated against women. In many other cases, customary law continues to impinge on women’s rights to equality within family law. This chapter will assess the extent to which international and regional human rights treaties may prove useful in the ongoing effort to reform customary law so that it conforms to internationally recognized gender equality norms.

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bond, Johanna E.Constitutional Exclusion and Gender in Commonwealth Africa 31 Fordham Int’l L.J.289 2008Google Scholar
Merry, Sally EngleNew Legal Realism and the Ethnography of Transnational Law 31 Law & Soc. Inquiry975 2006CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benhabib, SeylaThe Law of Peoples, Distributive Justice and Migrations 72 Fordham L. Rev.1761 2004Google Scholar
Rwezaura, BartTanzania: Building a New Family Law Out of a Plural Legal System 33 U. Louisville J. Fam. L.523 1994Google Scholar
Bond, Johanna E.Constitutional Exclusion and Gender in Commonwealth Africa 31 Fordham Int’l L.J.289 2008Google Scholar
Calaguas, Mark J.Legal Pluralism and Women’s Rights: A Study in Postcolonial Tanzania 16 Colum. J. Gender & L.471 2007Google Scholar
Rwezaura, BartTanzania: Building a New Family Law Out of a Plural Legal System 33 U. Louisville J. Fam. L.523 1995Google Scholar
Fenrich, JeanmarieHiggins, Tracy E.Promise Unfulfilled: Law, Culture and Women’s Inheritance Rights in Ghana 25 Fordham Int’l L.J259 2001Google Scholar
Hellum, AnneHuman Rights and Gender Relations in Postcolonial Africa: Options and Limits for the Subjects of Legal Pluralism 25 Law & Soc. Inquiry635 2000CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coomaraswamy, RadhikaIdentity Within: Cultural Relativism, Minority Rights and the Empowerment of Women 34 Geo. Wash. Int’l L. Rev483 2002Google Scholar
Engle, Karen 2005
Sunder, MadhaviPiercing the Veil 112 Yale Law Journal1399 2003CrossRefGoogle Scholar
An-Na’im, Abdullahi Ahmed 1992
Armstrong, AliceUncovering Reality: Excavating Women’s Rights in African Family Law 7 Int’l J. L. & Fam314 1993CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Resnik, JudithForeign as Domestic Affairs: Rethinking Horizontal Federalism and Foreign Affairs Preemption in Light of Internationalism 57 Emory L.J31 2007Google Scholar
Wing, Adrien KatherineSmith, Tyler MurrayThe New African Union and Women’s Rights 13 Transnat’l L. & Contemp. Probs33 2003Google Scholar
Wean, Deborah A.Real Protection for Women? The African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights 2 Emory J. Int’l Disp. Resol.425 1987Google Scholar
Romany, CelinaBlack Women and Gender Equality in a New South Africa: Human Rights Law and the Intersection of Race and Gender 21 Brooklyn J. Int’l L857 1996Google Scholar
Crenshaw, KimberleDemarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory and Antiracist Politics 30 U. Chi. Legal F.139 1989Google Scholar
Gillo, TrinaAnti-Essentialism and Intersectionality: Tools to Dismantle the Master’s House 10 Berkeley Women’s L.J.16 1995Google Scholar
Harris, AngelaRace and Essentialism in Feminist Legal Theory 42 Stan. L. Rev.581 1990CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Banda, FaredaGlobal Standards: Local Values 17 Int’l J. L. Pol.& Fam1 2003CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mutua, MakauSavages, Victims, and Saviors: The Metaphor of Human Rights 42 Harv. Int’l L.J.201 2001Google Scholar
Koh, Harold HongjuWhy America Should Ratify the Women’s Rights Treaty (CEDAW), Case W. Res. J. Int’l L263 2002Google Scholar
Cook, Rebecca J.Accommodating Women’s Differences Under the Anti-Discrimination Convention 56 Emory L.J.1039 2007Google Scholar
Shachar, AyeletReligion, State, and the Problem of Gender: New Modes of Citizenship and Governance in Diverse Societies 50 McGill L.J.49 2005Google Scholar
Mahalingam, RaviWomen’s Rights and the “War on Terror”: Why the United States Should View CEDAW as an Important Step in the Conflict with Militant Islamic Fundamentalists 34 Cal. W. Int’l L.J.171 2004Google Scholar
Jansen, Yakare-OuleThe Right to Freely Have Sex? Beyond Biology: Reproductive Rights and Sex Determination 40 Akron L. Rev311 2007Google Scholar
Provins, Marie EganConstructing an Islamic Institute of Civil Justice that Encourages Women’s Rights 27 Loy. L.A. Int’l & Comp. L. Rev515 2005Google Scholar
Neuwirth, JessicaInequality Before the Law: Holding States Accountable for Sex Discrimination Under the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women and Through the Beijing Platform for Action 18 Harv. Hum. Rts. J19 2005Google Scholar
Weisburd, Arthur M.The Effect of Treaties and Other Formal International Acts on the Customary Law of Human Rights 25 Ga. J. Int’l & Comp. L99 1996Google Scholar
Welch, Claude E.Human Rights and African Women: A Comparison of Protection under Two Major Treaties 15 Hum. Rts. Q.549 1993CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Juma, LaurenceReconciling African Customary Law and Human Rights in Kenya: Making a Case for Institutional Reformation and Revitalization of Customary Adjudication Process 14 St. Thomas L. Rev459 2002Google Scholar
Lloyd, Angela M.The Southern Sudan: A Compelling Case for Secession 32 Colum. J. Transnat’l L419 1994Google Scholar
Mutua, MakauThe Banjul Charter: The Case for an African Cultural FingerprintCultural Transformation and Human Rights70 2002Google Scholar
Oloka-Onyango, J.Human Rights and Sustainable Development in Contemporary Africa: A New Dawn, or Retreating Horizons? 6 Buff. Hum. Rts. L. Rev.39 2000Google Scholar
Stratton, LisaThe Right to Have Rights: Gender Discrimination in Nationality Laws 77 Minn. L. Rev195 1992Google Scholar
Rebouché, RachelLabor, Land and Women’s Rights in Africa: Challenges for the New Protocol on the Rights of Women 19 Harv. Hum. Rts. J.235 2006Google Scholar
Ssenyonjo, ManisuliCulture and the Human Rights of Women in Africa: Between Light and Shadow 51 African L.39 2007CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eze-Anaba, ItoroDomestic Violence and Legal Reforms in Nigeria: Prospects and Challenges 14 Cardozo J.L. & Gender21 2007Google Scholar
An-Na’im, Abdullahi AhmedThe Philosophy of Human RightsParagon House 2001Google Scholar
An-Na’im, Abdullahi AhmedState Responsibility to Change Religious and Customary LawsHuman Rights of Women171Cook, Rebecca J. 1994Google Scholar
Banda, FaredaBlazing a Trail: The African Protocol on Women’s Rights Comes Into Force 50 J. African L72 2006CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mutua, MakauTerrorism and Human Rights: Power, Culture, and Subordination 8 Buff. Hum. Rts. L. Rev1 2002Google Scholar
Banda, FaredaRemarks by Fareda Banda: Sex, Gender, and International Law 100 Am. Soc’y Int’l L. Proc243 2006Google Scholar
Bond, Johanna E.International Intersectionality: A Theoretical and Pragmatic Exploration of Woman’s International Human Rights and Violations 52 Emory L.J71 2003Google Scholar
Benhabib, SeylaThe Claims of CulturePrinceton University Press 2002Google Scholar
Young, Iris MarionInclusion in DemocracyOxford University Press 2000Google Scholar
Deveaux, MoniqueA Deliberative Approach to Conflicts of Culture 31 Political Theory780 2003CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bohman, JamesPublic Deliberation: Pluralism, Complexity and DemocracyMIT Press 2000Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×