Allan, J., Shopping for a God. Fringe Religions Today, Leicester: Intervarsity (1986).Google Scholar

Alston, P. (ed.), Peoples' Rights, Oxford: Oxford University Press (2001).Google Scholar

Alston, P. and Crawford, C. (eds.), The Future of UN Human Rights Treaty Monitoring, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Amor, R., ‘The Mandate of the UN Special Rapporteur’, 12 Emory International Law Review (1998) 10.Google Scholar

An-Na'im, A. A., ‘Religious Minorities under Islamic Law and the Limits of Cultural Relativism’, 9 Human Rights Quarterly (1987) 1.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Anwar, M., ‘Young Muslims in Britain: Their Educational Needs and Policy Implications’, in Khan, M. W. (ed.), Education and Society and the Muslim World, Saudi Arabia: Hodder and Stoughton (1981).Google Scholar

Ashraf, S. A., ‘A View of Education – An Islamic Perspective’, in O'Keeffe, B. (ed.), Schools for Tomorrow: Building Walls or Building Bridges, London: Falmer (1988).Google Scholar

Baer, R. A. and Carper, J. C., ‘“To the Advantage of Infidelity” or How Not To Deal With Religion In America's Public Schools’, 14(5) Educational Policy (2000) 600.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Balfour, J., ‘The European Convention and Religious Associations and Charities in Scotland’, 1 Human Rights and UK Practice (2000) 19.Google Scholar

Banton, M., International Action Against Racial Discrimination, Oxford: Clarendon Press (1996).CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Basdevant-Gaudement, B., ‘Le Régime Juridique de l’École Privée et les Autônomiers dans l'Enseignement Public en France', in European Consortium for Church–State Research, Church and State in Europe. State Financial Support. Religion and the School, Milan: Giuffrè (1992), pp. 139–70.Google Scholar

Basova, I., ‘Freedom Under Fire: The New Russian Religious Law’, Temple International and Comparative Law Journal (2000) 181.Google Scholar

Bayefsky, A. F., ‘The Principle of Equality or Non-Discrimination in International Law’, 11 Human Rights Law Journal (1990) 1.Google Scholar

Beckford, J. A., Cult Controversies, The Societal Response to the New Religious Movements, London: Tavistock (1985).Google Scholar

Bell, J., ‘Religious Observance in Secular Schools: A French Solution’, 2 Education and the Law (1990) 121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bengoa, J., ‘Existence and Recognition of Minorities’, UN Doc. E/CN.4/Sub.2/AC.5/2000/WP.2 (2000).

Benito, E. O., Elimination of all Forms of Intolerance and Discrimination Based on Religion or Belief, Human Rights Study Series No. 2, UN Sales No. E. 89. XIV.3, Geneva: United Nations Centre for Human Rights (1989).Google Scholar

Berman, H., ‘Religious Rights in Russia at a Time of Tumultuous Transition: A Historical Theory’, in Vyver, J. D., Witte, J. D., Religious Human Rights in Global Perspective: Legal Perspectives, The Hague/London: Martinus Nijhoff (1996).Google Scholar

Bernhardt, R., ‘Current Developments – Reform of Control Machinery under the European Convention on Human Rights: Protocol 11’, 89 American Journal of International Law (1995) 145.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bloed, A., ‘Monitoring the CSCE Human Dimension: In Search of its Effectiveness’, in Bloed, A. et al. (eds.), Monitoring Human Rights in Europe, Dordrecht/London: Martinus Nijhoff in co-operation with the Helsinki Federation for Human Rights (1993).Google Scholar

Bloed, A., ‘The OSCE and the Issue of National Minorities’ in Phillips, A. and Rosas, A. (eds.), Universal Minority Rights, London: Minority Rights Group (International) (1995).Google Scholar

Boerefijn, I., The Reporting Procedure under the Covenant on Civil and Political Rights: Practice and Procedures of the Human Rights Committee, Antwerp: Hart Intersentia (1999).Google Scholar

Bossuyt, M. J., Guide to the ‘Travaux Préparatoires’ of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Dordrecht/Lancaster: Martinus Nijhoff (1987).Google Scholar

Bossuyt, M. J., L'Interdiction de la Discrimination dans le Droit International des Droits de l'Homme, Brusssels: Éstablishment Émile Bruylant (1976).Google Scholar

Boulware-Miller, K., ‘Female Circumcision: Challenges to the Practice as a Human Rights Violation’, 8 Harvard Women's Law Journal (1985) 155.Google Scholar

Bowers, J., ‘The European Convention on Human Rights – The Employment Consequences of Articles 9 and 10’, 42 Employment Lawyer (2000) 16.Google Scholar

Boyle, K., ‘Freedom of Thought, Freedom of Conscience, Freedom of Religion and Freedom of Belief as Internationally Protected Rights: What is Agreed and What is Not Agreed’, in Cotran, E. and Sherif, A. O. (eds.), Democracy, the Rule of Law and Islam, London: CIMEL and Kluwer Law International (1999).Google Scholar

Boyle, K., ‘Religious Intolerance and the Incitement of Hatred’ in Coliver, S. (ed.), Striking a Balance: Hate Speech, Freedom of Expression and Non-discrimination, London: University of Essex, Human Rights Centre (1992).Google Scholar

Boyle, K., ‘Report on Freedom of Conscience in International Law’, in Council of Europe, Freedom of Conscience, (proceedings of seminar organised by the Secretariat General of the Council of Europe in co-operation with the F. M. van Asbeck Centre for Human Rights Studies of the University of Leiden), Strasbourg: Council of Europe Press (1993).

Boyle, K. and Sheen, J., Freedom of Religion and Belief: A World Report, London: Routledge (1997).CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Boyle, K. and A. Baldaccini, ‘International Human Rights Approaches to Racism’, in Fredman, S. (ed.), Discrimination and Human Rights: The Case of Racism, Oxford: Oxford University Press (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bradney, A., Religions, Rights and Laws, Leicester: Leicester University Press (1993).Google Scholar

Brett, R., General Comment of the Human Rights Committee on Article 18 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights: Developments on Conscientious Objection to Military Service, Geneva: Quaker United Nations Office (1993).Google Scholar

Brolmann, C. et al. (eds.), Peoples and Minorities in International Law, Dordrecht/London: Martinus Nijhoff (1993).Google Scholar

Browne, M., ‘Should Germany Stop Worrying and Love the Octopus? Freedom of Religion and The Church of Scientology in Germany and the United States’, Indiana International and Comparative Law Review (1998) 155.Google Scholar

Buergenthal, T., ‘A Court and Two Consolidated Treaty Bodies’, in Bayefsky, A. F. (ed.), The UN Human Rights Treaty System in the 21st Century, The Hague/London: Kluwer Law International (2000).Google Scholar

Buergenthal, T., ‘The CSCE and the Promotion of Racial and Religious Tolerance’, 22 Israel Yearbook on Human Rights (1992) 31.Google Scholar

Buergenthal, T., ‘To Respect and to Ensure: State Obligations and Permissible Derogations’, in Henkin, L. (ed.), The International Bill of Rights: The Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, New York/Guildford: Columbia University Press (1981).Google Scholar

Capotorti, F., ‘Study on the Rights of Persons Belonging to Ethnic, Religious and Linguistic Minorities’, New York: United Nations Sales No. E. 91. XIV.2 (1991).

Carper, J. C., ‘History, Religion and Schooling: A Context for Conversation’, in Sears, J. T. and Carper, J. C. (eds.), Curriculum, Religion and Public Education: Conversations for an Enlarging Public Square, New York: Teachers' College Press (1998).Google Scholar

Carter, S. L., ‘The Resurrection of Religious Freedom’, 107. 1Harvard Law Review (1993–4) 118.Google Scholar

Cassese, A., ‘The General Assembly: Historical Perspective 1945–1989’, in Alston, P. (ed.), The United Nations and Human Rights: A Critical Appraisal, Oxford: Clarendon Press (1992).Google Scholar

Cassin, R., La Déclaration Universelle et la Mise en Oeuvre des Droits de l'Homme, 79 Receuil des Cours de l'Académie de Droit International de la Haye (1951) 241.Google Scholar

Cheung, A. S. Y., ‘In Search of a Theory of Cult and Freedom of Religion in China: The Case of Falun Gong’, 13 Pacific Rim Law and Policy Journal (2004) 1.Google Scholar

Clapham, A., Human Rights in the Private Sphere, Oxford: Clarendon Press (1993).Google Scholar

Clark, E. A., ‘Church–State Relations in the Czech Republic: Past Turmoil and Present Transformation’, Brigham Young University Law Review (1996) 1019.Google Scholar

Clark, R. S., ‘The United Nations and Religious Freedom’, 11 New York University Journal of International Law and Politics (1978) 197.Google Scholar

Clarke, D. M., ‘Freedom of Thought in Schools: A Comparative Study’, 35 International and Comparative Law Quarterly (1986) 271.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Claydon, J., ‘The Treaty Protection of Religious Rights: UN Draft Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Intolerance and of Discrimination Based on Religion or Belief’, 12 Santa Clara Law Review (1972) 403.Google Scholar

Clayson Smith, H., ‘Liberte, Egalite et Fraternite at Risk for New Religious Movements in France’, Brigham Young University Law Review (2000) 1099.Google Scholar

Clayton, G. and Pitt, G., ‘Dress Codes and Freedom of Expression’, European Human Rights Law Review (1997) 54.Google Scholar

Cohen, C. P., ‘Freedom of Religion or Belief: One of The Human Rights of Children’, paper submitted at the conference on Building Understanding and Respect between People of Diverse Religions or Beliefs, Warsaw, 14–18 May 1989.

Cohen, C. P., ‘United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child: Introductory Note’, 44 Review, International Commission of Jurists (1990) 36.Google Scholar

Collins, R. B., ‘Sacred Sites and Religious Freedom on Government Land’, University of Pennsylvania Journal of Constitutional Law (January, 2003).Google Scholar

Cooper, J. and Williams, A. M., ‘Hate Speech, Holocaust Denial and International Human Rights Law’, European Human Rights Law Review (1996) 593.Google Scholar

Council of Europe, Collected Edition of The ‘Travaux Préparatoires’ of the European Convention on Human Rights, 8 vols., The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff (1975–85).

Council of Europe, Freedom of Conscience (proceedings of a seminar organised by the Secretariat General of the Council of Europe in co-operation with the F. M. van Asbeck Centre for Human Rights Studies of the University of Leiden), Strasbourg: Council of Europe (1993).

Council of Europe, In Our Hands, The Effectiveness of Human Rights Protection 50 Years after the Universal Declaration, Strasbourg: Council of Europe Press (1998).

Crawford, J. (ed.), The Rights of Peoples, Oxford: Clarendon Press (1988).Google Scholar

Cullen, H., ‘Education Rights or Minority Rights?’, 7 International Journal of Law, Policy and the Family (1993) 143.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Cullen, H., ‘The Emerging Scope of Freedom of Conscience’, 22 European Law Review (1997) 32.

Cumper, P., ‘The Rights of Religious Minorities: The Legal Regulation of New Religious Movements’, in Cumper, P. and Wheatley, S. (eds.), Minority Rights in the ‘New’ Europe, The Hague/Boston: Martinus Nijhoff (1999).Google Scholar

Cumper, P., ‘School Worship: Praying for Guidance’, European Human Rights Law Review (1998) 45.Google Scholar

Davies, M. (ed.), Third World-Second World Sex: Women's Struggles and National Liberation: Third World Women Speak Out, London: Zed (1983).Google Scholar

Dickson, B., ‘The United Nations and Freedom of Religion’, 44 International and Comparative Law Quarterly (1995) 327.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Dignan, J., ‘A Right Not to Render unto Caesar: Conscientious Objection for the Taxpayer’ 34 Northern Ireland Legal Quarterly (1983) 20.Google Scholar

Dinstein, Y. (ed.), The Protection of Minorities and Human Rights, Dordrecht/London: Martinus Nijhoff (1992).Google Scholar

Document of the Copenhagen Meeting of the Conference on the Human Dimension of the CSCE 1990 (1990) 29 ILM 1311.

Drzemczewski, A. and Meyer-Ladewig, J., ‘Principal Characteristics of the New European Convention on Human Rights Mechanism, as established by Protocol 11, signed on 11th May, 1994’, 15 Human Rights Law Journal (1994) 81.Google Scholar

Dunne, K. A., ‘Addressing Religious Intolerance in Europe: The Limited Application of Article 9 of the European Convention of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms’, California Western International Law Journal (1999) 117.Google Scholar

Durham, W., Wood, M., and Condie, S., ‘Accommodation of Conscientious Objection to Abortion: A Case Study of the Nursing Profession’ Brigham Young University Law Review (1982) 253.Google ScholarPubMed

Edge, P. W., ‘Current Problems in Article 9 of the European Convention on Human Rights’, Juridical Review (1996) 42.Google Scholar

Edge, P. W., ‘The European Court of Human Rights and Religious Rights’, 47 International and Comparative Law Quarterly (1998) 680.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Edge, P. W., ‘Holy War on the Doorstep’, 146 New Law Journal (1996) 190.Google Scholar

Edge, P. W., ‘Kokkinakis v. Greece: A Response to Dr Juss’, 2 Journal of Civil Liberties (1997) 41.Google Scholar

Edge, P. W. and Harvey, G. (eds.), Law and Religion in Contemporary Society, Aldershot: Ashgate (2000).Google Scholar

Editorial, ‘To Evangalize or Proselytize’, 20 International Bulletin of Missionary Research (1966) 1.

Edwards, J., ‘Preferential Treatment and the Right to Equal Consideration’, in Cumper, P. and Wheatley, S. (eds.), Minority Rights in the ‘New’ Europe, The Hague/Boston: Martinus Nijhoff (1999).Google Scholar

Eide, A., ‘Citizenship and the Minority Rights of Non-Citizens’, UN Doc. E/CN.4/Sub.2/AC.5/1999/WP.3 (1999).

Eide, A. and Chama, M., ‘Conscientious Objection to Military Service’, UN Doc. E/CN.4/Sub.2/30/Rev.1 and UN Doc. E/CN.4/Sub.2/1982/24 (1982).

European Consortium for Church–State Research, Conscientious objection in the EC countries (Proceedings of the meeting, Brussels-Leuven, 7–8 December 1990, European Consortium for Church–State Research), Milan: Giuffrè (1992).

European Consortium for Church–State Research, The Legal Status of Religious Minorities in the Countries of the European Union (Proceedings of the meeting in Thessalonikai, 19–20 November 1993, European Consortium for Church–State Research), Milan: Giuffrè (1994).

European Consortium for Church–State Research, ‘Le Statut Constitutionnel des Cultes dans les Pays de l'Union Européennes’, Actes du Colloque, Université de Paris XI, 18–19 November 1994, European Consortium for Church–State Research, Paris: Litec (1995).

Evans, C., Freedom of Religion Under the European Convention on Human Rights, Oxford: Oxford University Press (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Evans, M. D., Religious Liberty and International Law in Europe, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (1997).CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Evans, M. D., ‘The United Nations and Freedom of Religion: The Works of the Human Rights Committee’, in Adhar, R. J. (ed.), Law and Religion, Aldershot: Ashgate (2000).Google Scholar

Fawcett, J. E. S., The Application of the European Convention on Human Rights, Oxford: Clarendon Press (1987).Google Scholar

Ferrari, S., ‘Individual Religious Freedom and National Security in Europe After September 11’, Brigham Young University Law Review (2004) 357.Google Scholar

Ferrari, S., ‘The New Wine and the Old Cask, Tolerance, Religion and the Law in Contemporary Europe’, 10 Ratio Juris (1997) 75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Fineschi, V., ‘The Jehovah's Witnesses’ Refusal for Blood Transfusions: The Jurisprudence and Medico-Legal Debate in Italy', 41 Medicine, Science and the Law (2001) 141.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Fottrell, D. and Bowring, B. (eds.), Minority and Group Rights in the New Millennium, The Hague/London: Martin Nijhoff (1999).Google Scholar

Fredman, S., ‘Equality Issues’, in Markesinis, B. S. (ed.), The Impact of the Human Rights Bill on English Law, Oxford: Oxford University Press (1998).Google Scholar

Garay, A., ‘Liberté Religieuse et Proselytisme: l'Experience Européene’, 17 Revue Trimestrielle des Droits de l'Homme (1994) 144.

Garibaldi, O., ‘General Limitations on Human Rights: The Principle of Legality’, 17 Harvard International Law Journal (1976) 503.Google Scholar

Gaspard, F. and Khosrokhavar, F., Le Foulard et la République, Paris: La Découverte (1995).CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Genn, R., ‘Legal developments – Helsinki Process – Advance in International Outlawing of Incitement to Racism and Religious Hatred’, 24 Patterns of Prejudice (1990) 97.Google Scholar

Ghandhi, P. R., The Human Rights Committee and the Right of Individual Communication, Law and Practice, Aldershot: Ashgate (1998).Google Scholar

Ghandhi, P. R. and James, J., ‘The English Law of Blasphemy and the European Convention on Human Rights’, European Human Rights Law Review (1998) 430.Google Scholar

Gilbert, H., The Right to Freedom of Belief: a Conceptual Framework, Unpublished PhD thesis, Essex University (2001).

Gilbert, H., ‘The Slow Development of the Right to Conscientious Objection to Military Service under the European Convention on Human Rights’ 5 European Human Rights Law Review (2001), 554.Google Scholar

Gomien, D., Harris, D. J. and Zwaak, L., Law and Practice of the European Convention on Human Rights and the European Social Charter, Strasbourg: Council of Europe (1996).Google Scholar

Goy, R., ‘La Garantie Européene de la Liberté de Religion’ 107 Revue Du Droit Public (1991) 5.

Gray, C. A., ‘The World Peace Tax Fund Act: Conscientious Objection for Taxpayers’, 74 Northwestern University Law Review (1979) 76.Google Scholar

Greenawalt, K., Religious Convictions and Political Choice, New York/Oxford: Oxford University Press (1988).Google Scholar

Greenawalt, K., Speech, Crimes and the Uses of Language, Oxford: Oxford University Press (1989).Google Scholar

Greenberg, J., Race, Sex and Religious Discrimination, in Meron, T. (ed.), Human Rights in International Law: Legal and Policy Issues, Oxford: Clarendon Press (1984).Google Scholar

Grubb, A., Participating in Abortion and the Conscientious Objector, Cambridge LJ (1988) 162.

Gunn, T. J., ‘Adjudicating Rights of Conscience under the European Convention on Human Rights’, in Vyver, J. and Witte, J. (eds.), Religious Human Rights in Global Perspective: Legal Perspectives, The Hague/London: Martinus Nifhoff (1996).Google Scholar

Gustafson, C. and Juviler, P. (eds.), Religion and Human Rights: Competing Claims?, Armonk, New York/London: M. E. Sharpe (1999).Google Scholar

El Hajje, O., Islamic Countries and the International Instruments on Human Rights, 3(1) Con & Lib (1991) 46.

Hammer, L., ‘Abortion Objection in the United Kingdom within the Framework of the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms’, European Human Rights Law Review (1999) 564.Google Scholar

Hammer, L. M., The International Human Right to Freedom of Conscience, Aldershot: Ashgate (2001).Google Scholar

Harris, D. J., The European Social Charter, Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia (1984).Google Scholar

Harris, D. J., O'Boyle, M. and Warbrick, C., Law of the European Convention on Human Rights, London: Butterworths (1995).Google Scholar

Hayden, P., ‘Religiously Motivated “Outrageous” Conduct: Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress as a Weapon Against “Other People's Faiths”’, 34 William and Mary Law Review (1993) 579.Google Scholar

Hayter, K., ‘Female Circumcision – Is there a Legal Solution?Journal of Social Welfare Law (1984) 323.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Helgesen, J., ‘Between Helsinki and Beyond’ in Rosas, A., Helgesen, J. and Gomien, D. (eds.), Human Rights in a Changing East–West Perspective, London: Pinter (1990).Google Scholar

Henkin, L., Introduction, in Henkin, L. (ed.), The International Bill of Rights: The Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, New York/Guildford: Columbia University Press (1981).Google Scholar

Higgins, R., ‘The United Nations Human Rights Committee’ in Blackburn, R. and Taylor, J. (eds.), Human Rights for the 1990s: Legal, Political and Ethical Issues, London: Mansell (1991).Google Scholar

Ibán, I. C., ‘Nuovi Movimenti Religiosi: Problemi Giuridici’, in Ferrari, S. (ed.), Diritti Dell'uomo e Libertà dei Gruppi Religiosi. Problemi Giuridici dei Nuovi Movimenti Religiosi, Padua: Cedam (1989).Google Scholar

Ibán, I. C., ‘Religious Tolerance and Freedom in Continental Europe’, 10 Ratio Juris (1997) 90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Ibrahim, S. E. et al., The Copts of Egypt, London: Minority Rights Group International (1996).Google Scholar

International Helsinki Federation for Human Rights (IHF), Religious Discrimination and Related Violations of Helsinki Commitments, Report to the OSCE Supplementary Human Dimension Meeting on Freedom of Religion Vienna, Vienna: IHF (1999).

International Helsinki Federation for Human Rights (IHF), Religious Intolerance in Selected OSCE Countries in 2000: Report to the Seminar on Freedom of Religion or Belief in the OSCE Region, The Hague: IHF (2001).

Jack, H. A., 238 Words Towards Religious Freedom, New York: World Conference on Religion and Peace (1975).Google Scholar

Jack, H. A., 58 Words, Two Commas: Snail-Like Motion Toward a U.N. Declaration for Religious Freedom, New York: World Conference on Religion and Peace (1976).Google Scholar

Jack, H. A., Eliminating All Forms of Religious Intolerance: What the United Nations Has Done and Can Do, New York: World Conference on Religion and Peace (1972).Google Scholar

Jack, H. A., New Progress Toward a U.N. Declaration Against Religious Intolerance, New York: World Conference on Religion and Peace (1973).Google Scholar

Jack, H. A., Slow Motion, Religiously, New York: World Conference on Religion and Peace (1978).Google Scholar

Jack, H. A., U.N. Action Against Religious Discrimination, New York: World Conference on Religion and Peace (1979).Google Scholar

Jack, H. A., The U.N. Declaration for Religious Freedom: The Result of Two Decades of Drafting, New York: World Conference on Religion and Peace (1981).Google Scholar

Jones, T. D., Human Rights: Group Defamation, Freedom of Expression and the Law of Nations, The Hague/Boston/London: Martinus Nijhoff (1998).Google Scholar

Jong, C. D., The Freedom of Thought, Conscience and Religion or Belief in the United Nations (1946–1992), Antwerp/Groningen/Oxford: Intersentia-Hart (2000).Google Scholar

Juss, S. S., ‘Kokkinakis and Freedom of Conscience Rights in Europe’, 1 Journal of Civil Liberties (1996) 246.Google Scholar

Kandelia, S., Implementing the OSCE's Human Dimension Since 1995, Papers in the Theory and Practice of Human Rights, No. 26, London: University of Essex, Human Rights Centre (1999).

Kaufmann, B., Das Problem der Glaubens- und Űberzeugungsfreiheit im Vőlkerrecht, Zürich: Schulthess Polygraphischer Verlag (1989).Google Scholar

Kearns, P., ‘The Uncultured God: Blasphemy Law's Reprieve and the Art of Matrix’, European Human Rights Law Review (2000) 512.Google Scholar

Kingsbury, B., ‘Claims by Non-State Groups in International Law’, 25 Cornell International Law Journal (1992) 481.Google Scholar

Kiss, A. C., ‘Commentary by the Rapporteur on the Limitation Provisions’, 7(1) Human Rights Quarterly (1985) 15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Kiss, A. C., ‘Permissible Limitations on Rights’, in Henkin, L. (ed.), The International Bill of Rights: The Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, New York/Guildford: Columbia University Press (1981).Google Scholar

Klebes, H., ‘Draft Protocol on Minority Rights to the ECHR’, 14 Human Rights Law Journal (1992) 140.Google Scholar

Klebes, H., ‘The Council of Europe's Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities’ 16 Human Rights Law Journal (1995) 92.Google Scholar

Krassimir, K., Religious Freedom in Southeastern and Central Europe, Vienna/Sofia: International Helsinki Federation for Human Rights (2001).Google Scholar

Krishnaswami, A., Study of Discrimination in the Matter of Religious Rights and Practices, UN Doc. E/CN.4/Sub.2/200/Rev.1 (1960), reprinted in 11 NYUJ Int'l L & Pol (1978) 227.

Krussteff, A., ‘An Attempt at Modernization: The New Bulgarian Legislation in the Field of Religious Freedom’, Brigham Young University Law Review (2001) 575.Google Scholar

Kurland, P. B., Religion and the Law of Church and State and the Supreme Court, Chicago: Aldine (1962).Google Scholar

Lehnhof, L. S., ‘Freedom of Religious Association: The Right of Religious Organizations to Obtain Legal Entity Status Under the European Convention’, Brigham Young University Law Review (2002) 561.Google Scholar

Lekhel, A., ‘Leveling the Playing Field for Religious “Liberty” in Russia: A Critical Analysis of the 1997 Law “On Freedom of Conscience and Religious Associations”’, 32 Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law (1999) 167.Google Scholar

Lerner, N., ‘The Final Text of the UN Declaration against Intolerance and Discrimination Based on Religion or Belief’ 12 Israel Yearbook on Human Rights (1982) 185.Google Scholar

Lerner, N., Group Rights and Discrimination in International Law, Dordrecht/London: Martinus Nijhoff (1991).Google Scholar

Lerner, N., ‘Proselytism, Change of Religion, and International Human Rights’, 12 Emory International Law Review (1998) 477.Google Scholar

Lerner, N., Religion, Beliefs and International Human Rights, Maryknoll, New York: Orbis (2000).Google Scholar

Lerner, N., ‘Religious Human Rights under the United Nations’ in Vyver, J. and Witte, J. (eds.), Religious Human Rights in Global Perspective: Legal Perspectives), The Hague/London: Martinus Nijhoff (1996).Google Scholar

Lerner, N., ‘Toward a Draft Declaration Against Religious Intolerance and Discrimination, 11 Israel Yearbook on Human Rights (1981) 82.Google Scholar

Lerner, N., The U.N. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, Alphen aan den Rijn: Sijhoff & Noordhoff (1980).Google Scholar

Lillich, R. B., ‘Civil Rights’, in Meron, T. (ed.), Human Rights in International Law: Legal and Policy Issues, Oxford: Clarendon Press (1984).Google Scholar

Liskofsky, S., ‘The UN Declaration on the Elimination of Religious Intolerance and Discrimination: Historical and Legal Perspectives’, in Wood, J. E. (ed.), Religion and the State: Essays in Honour of Leo Pfeffer, Waco, Texas: Baylor University Press (1985).Google Scholar

Little, D., Kelsay, J. and Sachedina, A., Human Rights and the Conflict of Cultures. Western and Islamic Perspectives on Religious Liberty, Columbia SC: University of South Carolina Press (1988).Google Scholar

Lord, K. S., ‘What Does Religious Liberty in the OSCE Mean in Practice?’, 5(2) OSCE Bulletin (1997) 9.Google Scholar

Loveland, I., ‘Religious Drug Use as a Human Right?’, 151 New Law Journal (2001) 41.Google Scholar

Lynn, B. et al. (eds.), The Right to Religious Liberty: The Basic ACLU Guide to Religious Rights, Carbondale: South Illinois University Press (1995).Google Scholar

McConnell, M., ‘Freedom From Persecution or Protection of the Rights of Conscience?: A Critique of Justice Scalia's Historical Arguments in City of Boerne v. Flores’ 39(1) William and Mary Law Review (1998) 819.Google Scholar

McConnell, M., ‘Religious Participation in Public Programs’ 59 University of Chicago Law Review (1992) 115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

McDougal, M. S., Lasswell, H. D. and Chen, L., Human Rights and World Public OrderNew Haven/London: Yale University Press (1980).Google Scholar

McGoldrick, D., ‘The Development of the CSCE after the Helsinki 1992 Conference’, 42 International and Comparative Law Quarterly (1993) 411.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

McGoldrick, D., The Human Rights Committee: Its Role in the Development of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Oxford: Clarendon Press (1994).Google Scholar

McGoldrick, D. and O'Donnell, T., ‘Hate-Speech Laws: Consistency with National and International Human Rights Law’, 18(4) Legal Studies (1998) 453.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

McKean, W., Equality and Discrimination under International Law, Oxford: Clarendon Press (1983).Google Scholar

McPherson, M., The United Nations and Conscientious Objection, 1(1) Con & Lib (1989) 8.

Marcus, E., ‘Conscientious Objection as an Emerging Human Right’, 38 Virginia Journal of International Law (1998) 507.Google Scholar

Marood, T., ‘British Asian Muslims and the Rushdie Affair’ 61 Pol Quart (1990) 143, in a collection of essays entitled ‘The Political Revival of Religion: Fundamentalism and Others’, p. 123.

Mason, P., ‘Pilgrimage to Religious Shrines: An Essential Element in the Human Right to Freedom of Thought, Conscience and Religion’, 25 Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law (1993) 619.Google Scholar

Meron, T., Human Rights Law-Making in the United Nations: A Critique of Instruments and Process, Oxford: Clarendon Press (1986).CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Meron, T., ‘On a Hierarchy of International Human Rights’, 80 American Journal of International Law (1986) 1.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Milosaviljevic, B., ‘Relations Between the State and Religious Communities in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia’, Brigham Young University Law Review (2002) 311.Google Scholar

Miner, C. J., ‘Losing My Religion: Austria's New Religion Law in Light of International and European Standards of Religious Freedom’, Brigham Young University Law Review (1998) 607.Google Scholar

Moens, G., ‘The Action-Belief Dichotomy and Freedom of Religion 12 Sidney L Rev (1989) 195.Google Scholar

Montgomery, J. W., ‘Christian Education and Worship in State Schools: The American Perspective’, 144 Law & Justice (2000) 41.Google Scholar

Montgomery, J. W., ‘When is Evangelism Illegal?’, 148 New Law Journal (1998) 524.Google Scholar

Motilla, A., ‘Religious Pluralism in Spain: Striking the Balance Between Religious Freedom and Constitutional Rights’, Brigham Young University Law Review (2004) 575.Google Scholar

Mowbray, A. R., Cases and Materials on the European Convention on Human Rights, London: Butterworths (2001).Google Scholar

Mowbray, A. R., ‘A New European Court of Human Rights’, Public Law (1994) 540.Google Scholar

Nelson, G. K., Cults, New Religions and Religious Creativity, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul (1987).Google Scholar

Nowak, M., CCPR Commentary, Kehl: N. P. Engel (1993).Google Scholar

Nsereko, D., ‘Religion, the State and the Law in Africa’, 28 Journal of Church and State (1986) 269.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

ODIHR, Freedom of Religion or Belief: Laws Affecting the Structuring of Religious Communities, Review Conference, September 1999, ODIHR (1999).

ODIHR, ‘The Human Dimension Seminar on Constitutional, Legal and Administrative Aspects of the Freedom of Religion’ held in Warsaw, 16–19 April 1996, Consolidated Summary, ODIHR (1996).

O'Boyle, M., ‘Reflections on the Effectiveness of the European System for the Protection of Human Rights’ in Bayefsky, A. F. (ed.), The UN Human Rights Treaty System in the 21st Century, The Hague/London: Kluwer Law International (2000).Google Scholar

O'Donnell, T. A., ‘The Margin of Appreciation Doctrine: Standards in the Jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights’, 4 Human Rights Quarterly (1982) 474.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Opsahl, T., ‘The General Comments of the Human Rights Committee’, in Jekewitz, Jürgen et al. (eds.), Des Menschen Recht Zwischen Freiheit und Verantwortung: Festschriftfür Karl Joseph Partsch, Berlin: Dunker & Humblot (1989).Google Scholar

Opsahl, T., ‘The Human Rights Committee’, in Alston, P. (ed.), The United Nations and Human Rights: A Critical Appraisal, Oxford: Clarendon Press, (1992).Google Scholar

Orlin, T. S., ‘Religious Pluralism and Freedom of Religion: Its Protection in the Light of Church/State Relationships’, in Rosas, A. and Helgesen, J. (eds.), The Strength of Diversity – Human Rights and the Pluralist Democracy, Dordrecht/London: Martinus Nijhoff (1992).Google Scholar

Parkinson, P. ‘Enforcing Tolerance: Vilification Laws and Religious Freedom in Australia’, paper given at the Eleventh Annual International Law and Religion Symposium: ‘Religion in the Public Sphere: Challenges and Opportunities’, Provo, Utah, 3–6 October 2004.

Partsch, K. J., ‘Freedom of Conscience and Expression, and Political Freedoms’ in Henkin, L. (ed.), The International Bill of Rights: The Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, New York/Guildford: Columbia University Press (1981).Google Scholar

Partsch, K. J., ‘Fundamental Principles of Human Rights: Self-Determination, Equality and Non-Discrimination’, in Vasak, K. and Alston, P. (eds.), The International Dimensions of Human Rights, Westport, Conn.: Greenwood (1982).Google Scholar

Pfeffer, L., Religious Freedom, Skokie: National Textbook Company for the American Civil Liberties Union (1977).Google Scholar

Pocar, F., ‘Religious Freedom in the System of the United Nations’, 1(2) Conscience & Liberty (1989) 14.Google Scholar

Poulter, S., ‘Muslim Headscarves in Schools: Contrasting Legal Approaches in England and France’, 17 Oxford Journal of Legal Studies (1997) 43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Prebensen, S., ‘The Margin of Appreciation and Articles 9, 10 and 11 of the Convention’, 19 Human Rights Law Journal (1998) 13.Google Scholar

Quashigah, E. K., ‘Religious Freedom and Vestal Virgins: The Trokosi Practice in Ghana’, 10 African Journal of International and Comparative Law (1998) 193.Google Scholar

Quinn, G., ‘Written Communication on Conscientious Objection in Labour Relations’, in Council of Europe, Freedom of Conscience, Strasbourg: Council of Europe (1993) (proceedings of seminar organised by the Secretariat General of the Council of Europe in cooperation with the F. M. van Asbeck Centre for Human Rights Studies of the University of Leiden).

Ramcharan, B. G., ‘Equality and Nondiscrimination’, in Henkin, L. (ed.), The International Bill of Rights: The Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, New York/Guildford: Columbia University Press (1981).Google Scholar

Ramcharan, B. G., ‘Religious Witness and Practice in Political and Social Life as an Element of Religious Liberty’, in Lynn, B., et al. (eds.), The Right to Religious Liberty: The Basic ACLU Guide to Religious Rights, Carbondale: South Illinois University Press (1995).Google Scholar

Richardson, J. T., ‘“Brainwashing” Claims and Minority Religions Outside the US: Cultural Diffusion of a Questionable Concept in the Legal Arena’, Brigham Young University Law Review (1996) 873.Google Scholar

Rigaux, F., ‘L'Incrimination du Proselytism Face à la Liberté d'Expression’, 17 Revue Trimestrielle des Droits de l'Homme (1994) 144.Google Scholar

Rimanque, K., ‘Report on Freedom of Conscience and Minority Groups’, in Council of Europe, Freedom of Conscience, (proceedings of seminar organised by the Secretariat General of the Council of Europe in cooperation with the F. M. van Asbeck Centre for Human Rights Studies of the University of Leiden) Strasbourg: Council of Europe (1993).

Robeck, C. M., ‘Mission and the Issue of Proselytism’, 20 International Bulletin of Missionary Research (1996) 2.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Robertson, A. H., ‘The Implementation System: International Measures’, in Henkin, L. (ed.), The International Bill of Rights: The Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, New York/Guildford: Columbia University Press (1981).Google Scholar

Robertson, A. H. and Merrills, J. G., Human Rights in the World, Manchester: Manchester University Press (1996).Google Scholar

Robillard, J. A. St., ‘Religion in Prison’, 130 New Law Journal (1980) 800.Google Scholar

Robinson, N., Universal Declaration of Human Rights: Its Origins, Significance, Application and Interpretation, New York: Institute of Jewish Affairs (1958).Google Scholar

Rodatà, S., ‘Written Communication on Conscientious Objection to Military Service’, in Council of Europe, Freedom of Conscience (proceedings of seminar organised by the Secretariat General of the Council of Europe in cooperation with the F. M. van Asbeck Centre for Human Rights Studies of the University of Leiden), Strasbourg: Council of Europe (1993).

Rodley, N. S., The Treatment of Prisoners Under International Law, Oxford: Clarendon Press (1999).Google Scholar

Rönquist, A., ‘The Council of Europe Framework Convention on for the Protection of National Minorities’, 6(1) Helsinki Monitor (1995) 38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Rosas, A. and Helgesen, J. E. (eds.), The Strength of Diversity: Human Rights and Pluralist Democracy, Dordrecht/Boston: Martinus Nijhoff (1992).Google Scholar

Roth, S., ‘Denial of the Holocaust as an Issue of Law’, 23 Israel Yearbook on Human Rights (1993) 215.Google Scholar

Rumney, P., ‘Incitement to Racial Hatred and the Problem of Social Exclusion’, 5(2) Contemporary Issues in Law (2000/2001) 89.Google Scholar

Sandgren, M. L., ‘Extending Religious Freedoms Abroad: Difficulties Experienced by Minority Religions’, Tulsa Journal of Comparative and International Law (2001) 251.Google Scholar

Schachter, O., ‘The Obligation to Implement the Covenant in Domestic Law’, in Henkin, L. (ed.), The International Bill of Rights: The Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, New York/Guildford: Columbia University Press (1981).Google Scholar

Scheinin, M., ‘Article 18’, in Eide, A. (ed.), The Universal Declaration of Human Rights: A Commentary, Oslo: Scandinavian University Press (1992).Google Scholar

Scheinin, M., ‘The Right to Say “No”: A Study Under the Right to Freedom of Conscience’, 75 Archiv für Rechts- und Sozialphilosophie (1989) 345.Google Scholar

Schermers, H., ‘The Eleventh Protocol to the European Convention on Human Rights’, 19 European Law Review (1994) 367.Google Scholar

Schmidt, M., ‘The Complementarity of the Covenant and the European Convention on Human Rights – Recent Developments’, in Harris, D. J. and Joseph, S. (eds.), The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and United Kingdom Law, Oxford: Clarendon Press (1995).Google Scholar

Schwelb, E., ‘Civil and Political Rights: the International Measures of Implementation’, 62 American Journal of International Law (1968) 827.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Schwelb, E., ‘The International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination 1965’, 15 International and Comparative Law Quarterly (1966), p. 996.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Shaw, M., ‘Freedom of Thought, Conscience and Religion’, in McDonald, J.St, Matscher, F. and Petzold, H. (eds.), The European System for the Protection of Human Rights, Dordrecht/London: Martinus Nijhoff (1993).Google Scholar

Sheleff, L. S., ‘Rabbi Captain Goldman's Yarmulke, Freedom of Religion and Conscience, and Civil (Military) Disobedience’ 17 Israel Yearbook on Human Rights (1987) 197.Google Scholar

Sieghart, P., The International Law of Human Rights, Oxford: Clarendon Press (1990).Google Scholar

Sorabjee, S., ‘Freedom of Expression in India, in Developing Human Rights Jurisprudence’, Commonwealth Secretariat vol. 7 (1999).Google Scholar

Stavros, S., ‘Freedom of Religion and Claims for Exemption from Generally Applicable, Neutral Laws: Lessons From Across The Pond?’ European Human Rights Law Review (1997) 607.Google Scholar

Steiner, E., ‘Blasphemy and Incitement to Hatred under the European Convention’, 6 King's College Law Journal (1995) 143.Google Scholar

Steiner, E., ‘The Muslim Scarf and the French Republic’, 6 King's College Law Journal (1995) 147.Google Scholar

Sullivan, D. J., ‘Advancing the Freedom of Religion or Belief through the UN Declaration of the Elimination of Religious Intolerance and Discrimination’, 82 American Journal of International Law (1988) 487.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Sullivan, D. J., ‘Gender Equality and Religious Freedom: Toward a Framework for Conflict Resolution’, 24 New York University Journal of International Law and Politics (1992) 795.Google Scholar

Sullivan, K., ‘Religion and Liberal Democracy’, 59 University of Chicago Law Review (1992) 195.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Svensson-McCarthy, A., The International Law of Human Rights and States of Exception, The Hague/London: Martinus Nijhoff (1998).Google Scholar

Tahzib, B. G., Freedom of Religion or Belief: Ensuring Effective International Legal Protection, The Hague/London: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers (1996).Google Scholar

Thornberry, P., International Law and the Rights of Minorities, Oxford: Clarendon Press (1991).Google Scholar

Türk, D. and L. Joinet, ‘The Right to Freedom of Opinion and Expression: Current Problems of its Realization and Measures Necessary for its Strengthening and Promotion’, in Coliver, S. (ed.), Striking a Balance Hate Speech, Freedom of Expression and Non-discrimination, London: University of Essex, Human Rights Centre (1992).Google Scholar

Urban Morgan Institute, ‘Siracusa Principles on the Limitation and Derogation Provisions in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights’, 7(1) Human Rights Quarterly (1985) 3.CrossRef

Boven, T., ‘Advances and Obstacles in Building Understanding and Respect between People of Diverse Religions and Beliefs’ 13 Human Rights Quarterly (1991) 437.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Boven, T., De Volkenrechtelijke Bescherming van de godsdienstvrijheid, Assen, Netherlands: Van Gorcum (1967).Google Scholar

Van Boven, T., ‘Discrimination and Human Rights Law: Combating Racism’, in Fredman, S. (ed.), Discrimination and Human Rights: The Case of Racism, Oxford: Oxford University Press (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Boven, T., ‘Religious Liberty in the Context of Human Rights’, 37 Ecumenical Review (1985) 345.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bueren, G., The International Law on the Rights of the Child, Dordrecht/London: Martinus Nijhoff (1998).Google Scholar

Dijk, P. and Hoof, G. J. H., Theory and Practice of the European Convention on Human Rights, The Hague/London: Kluwer (1998).Google Scholar

Vegleris, P. T., ‘Valeur et Signification de la Clause “dans une Société Démocratique” dans la Convention Européenne des Droits de l'Homme’, 1(2) HRJ (1968) 219.

Verdoodt, A., Naissance et Significance de la Déclaration Universelle des Droits de l'Homme, Lourain: Paris Société d'Études Morales, Socials et Juridiques, Editions Nauwelaerts (1964).Google Scholar

Vermeulen, B. P., ‘The Freedom of Thought, Conscience and Religion. Reflections on Article 9(1) of the European Convention on Human Rights, in Particular with Regard to the Position of Minorities’, in Smith, J. A. and Zwaak, L. F. (eds.), International Protection of Human Rights Selected Topics: A Compilation of Contributions for Training Courses, Utrecht: Utrecht Studie en Informatiecentrum Mensenrechten (1995).Google Scholar

Vermeulen, B. P., ‘Report on Scope and Limits of Conscientious Objection’, in Council of Europe, Freedom of Conscience (proceedings of seminar organised by the Secretariat General of the Council of Europe in cooperation with the F. M. van Asbeck Centre for Human Rights Studies of the University of Leiden), Strasbourg: Council of Europe (1993).

Walkate, J. A., The Right of Everyone to Change His Religion or Belief – Some Observations, 30 Netherlands International Law Review (1983) 146.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Walkate, J. A., ‘The U.N. Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Intolerance and Discrimination Based on Religion or Belief (1981) – An Historical Overview’, 1(2) Conscience & Liberty (1989) 21.Google Scholar

Weigel, G. ‘Religion as a Human Right’, 77 Freedom at Issue (1984) 3.Google Scholar

Weissbrodt, D. S., ‘The United Nations Commission on Human Rights Confirms Conscientious Objection to Military Service as a Human Right’, 35 Netherlands International Law Review (1988) 53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Witte, J., ‘Religious Dimensions of Law, Human Rights and Democracy’, 26 Israel Yearbook on Human Rights (1996) 87.Google Scholar

Wood, J. E., ‘Church Lobbying and Public Policy’, 28 Journal of Church and State (1986) 183.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Yourow, H. C., The Margin of Appreciation Doctrine in the Dynamic of European Human Rights Jurisprudence, The Hague/London: Kluwer Law International (1996).Google Scholar