Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-84b7d79bbc-lrf7s Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-26T08:57:03.344Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Works Cited

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 October 2019

David M. Robinson
Affiliation:
Colgate University, New York
Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
In the Shadow of the Mongol Empire
Ming China and Eurasia
, pp. 325 - 363
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2019

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Works Cited

Beijing tushuguan guji zhenben congkan. Edited by Beijing tushuguan, guji chuban bianjizu. Beijing: Shumu wenxian chubanshe, 1987–99.

The Cambridge History of Inner Asia, The Chinggisid Age, edited by Nicola di Cosmo, Allen Frank, and Peter Golden. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009.

The Cambridge History of China. Denis Twitchett and John Fairbank, general editors Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1978–.

Chosŏn wangjo sillok T’aejo sillok. Rpt. Seoul: Kuksa p’yŏnch’an wiwŏnhoe, 1955–58.

Carrington Goodrich and Chaoying Fang, Dictionary of Ming Biography. New York: Columbia University Press, 1976.

Zhu Yuanzhang, Da Ming Taizu huangdi yu zhi ji

Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư. Ngô Sĩ Liên, editor. Rpt. Chongqing: Xinan shifan daxue chubanshe, 2015.

Sun Jimin et al., editors. Ecang Heishuicheng Hanwen fei Fojiao wenxian zhengli yu yanjiu. Beijing: Beijing shifan daxue chuban jituan, 2012.

Eluosi ke xue yuan dong fang yan jiu suo Sheng Bidebao fen suo and Zhongguo she hui ke xue yuan min zu yan jiu suo, editors. Eluosi ke xue yuan dong fang yan jiu suo Sheng Bidebao fen suo cang Heishuicheng wen xian. Shanghai: Shanghai chubanshe, 1996–.

Deng Shilong. Guo chao dian gu, edited and punctuated by Xu Daling and Wang Tianyou. Beijing: Beijing daxue chubanshe, 1993.

Guo chao xian zheng lu. 1594–1616. Edited by Jiao Hong. Rpt. Taibei: Xuesheng shuju, 1965.

Tan Qian (1594–1658). Guo que. Ca. 1653. Rpt. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1988 [1958].

Heicheng chutu wenshu (Hanwen wenshu juan). By Li Yiyou. Beijing: Kexue chubanshe, 1991.

Han fen lou mi ji. Edited by Sun Yuxiu. Rpt. Beijing: Beijing tushuguan chubanshe, 2000.

Yŏngin p’yojŏm Han’guk munjip ch’onggan. Edited by Minjok Munhwa Ch’ujinhoe. Seoul: Kyungin munhwasa, 1990–2005.

Han’guk Yŏktae munjip ch’ongsŏ. Edited by Konggŭpch’ŏ Han’guk ch’ulp’an hyŏptong hohap. Seoul: Kyungin munhwasa, 1987–.

Fu Fengxiang, compiler. Huang Ming zhao ling. Rpt. in XXSK, vol. 458.

Kong Zhenyun. Huang Ming zhao zhi. Rpt. in XXSK, vol. 457.

Eluosi guoli Aiermitashi bowuguan cang Heishuicheng yishupin. Edited by Gosudarstvennyĭ Ėrmitazh, Xibei minzu daxue, and Shanghai guji chubanshe. Shanghai: Shanghai guji chubanshe, 2008–.

Hua yi yi yu. Edited by Qoninchi (Huo Yuanjie). Rpt. in HFLB, vol. 4.

Jishilu jianzheng. Yu Ben. Edited by Li Xinfeng. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 2015.

Koryŏsa. Compiled by Chŏng Inji et al. Rpt. Chongqing: Xishu shifan daxue chubanshe and Beijing, Remin daxue chubanshe, 2014.

Koryŏsa choryŏ. Compiled by Nam Sumun. 1452. Rpt. Seoul: Asea munhwasa, 1974.

Mingchao kaiguo wenxian. Rpt. Taibei: Xuesheng shuju, 1966.

Ming Hongwu yubi. By Zhu Yuanzhang. Original held at Palace Museum Library, Taibei. Rpt. as serial in Gugong zhoukan 1931–32.

Ming shi. Edited by Zhang Tingyu et al. 1736. Rpt. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1974.

Ming shi shi lu. By Yang Xueke. Annotated by Xu Song. Rpt. XXSK, shi 350.

Zhu Yuanzhang, Ming Taizu huangdi qinlu. Rpt. in Gugong tushu jikan 1, no. 4. Also rpt. as appendix to Zhang Dexin, “Taizu huangdi qinlu jiqi faxian yu yanjiu jilu.” Ming Qing luncong 6 (2005): 83–110.

Ming Taizu shilu. In Ming shilu. Compiled by Taibei: Zhongyang yanjiuyuan lishi yuyan yanjiusuo, 1962.

Ming Yingzong shilu. In Ming shilu. Compiled by Taibei: Zhongyang yanjiuyuan lishi yuyan yanjiusuo, 1962.

Mingdai zhuanji ziliao congkan. Beijing: Beijing tushuguan chubanshe, 2008.

Ni chen lu. Annotated by Wang Tianyou and Zhang Heqing. Beijing: Beijing daxue chubanshe, 1991.

Siku quanshu cunmu congshu. Edited by Siku quanshu cunmu congshu bianzuan weiyuanhui. Jinan: Qi Lu shushe, 1995–97.

Siku quanshu jinhuishu congkan. Edited by Siku quanshu jinhuishu congkan bianzuan weiyuanhui. Beijing: Beijing chubanshe, 1998.

Song Lian (1310–81). Song Lian quan ji. Hangzhou: Zhejiang guji chubanshe, 1999.

Xiaoling zhao chi. By Zhu Yuanzhang. Rpt. in Mingchao kaiguo wenxian. Taibei: Xuesheng shuju, 1966, vol. 4. Rpt. in Guojia tushuguan cang Xijian Mingshi shiji jicun, compiled by Guojia tushuguan fenguan. Beijing: Xianzhuang shuju, 2003, vol. 8.

Xuxiu Siku quanshu. Edited by Xuxiu Siku quanshu bianzuan weiyuanhui. Shanghai: Shanghai guji chubanshe, 1995–2002.

Shen Defu. Wanli yehuo bian. 1619. Rpt. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1997.

Zhang Dan. Yunnan ji wu chao huang. Rpt. in SKCM, shi 45; YSC, vol. 4.

Yuan shi. 1360–70. Edited by Song Lian et al. Rpt. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1976.

Yunnan shiliao congkan. Edited by Fang Guoyu, et al. Kunming: Yunnan daxue chubanshe, 1998–2001.

Wang Shizhen. Yanshan tang bie ji. 1590. Rpt. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1985.

Yuwai Hanji zhenben wenku. Edited by Yuwai Hanji zhenben wenku bianzuan chuban weiyuanhui. Chongqing: Xinan shifan daxue chubanshe, 2008–2012.

Yuanshi yanjiu ziliao huibian. Edited by Yang Ne. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 2014.

Tala, Du Jianlu, and Gao Guoxiang, editors. Zhongguo cang Heishuicheng Hanwen wenxian. Beijing: Guojia tushuguan chubanshe, 2008.

Aigle, Denise. The Mongol Empire between Reality and Myth: Studies in Anthropological History. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2014.Google Scholar
Tsuneaki, Akasaka. “Perushiago shiryō ni okeru Hokugenshi kanren jōhō.” Saitama gakuen daigaku kiyō (ningen gakubuhen) 15 (2015): 231–35.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. “Changing Forms of Legitimation in Mongol Iran.” In Rulers from the Steppe: State Formation on the Eurasian Periphery, edited by Seaman, Gary and Marks, Daniel, vol. 2. Los Angeles: Ethnographics Press, Center for Visual Anthropology, University of Southern California, 1991, pp. 223–41.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. “The Circulation of Military Technology in the Mongolian Empire.” In Warfare in Inner Asian History, edited by Di Cosmo, Nicola. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2002, pp. 265–92.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. Commodity and Exchange in the Mongol Empire: A Cultural History of Islamic Textiles. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. Culture and Conquest in Mongol Eurasia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. “Ever Closer Encounters: The Appropriation of Culture and the Apportionment of Peoples in the Mongol Empire.” Journal of Early Modern History 1, no. 1 (1997): 223.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. “Guard and Government in the Reign of The Grand Qan Mongke, 1251–59.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 46, no. 2 (1986): 495521.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. Mongolian Imperialism. Berkeley: University of California, 1987.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. “Mongols as Vectors for Cultural Transmission.” In CHIA, pp. 135–54.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. “A Note on Mongol Imperial Ideology.” In The Early Mongols: Language, Culture and History: Studies in Honor of Igor de Rachewiltz on the Occasion of His 80th Birthday, edited by Rybatzki, Volker, et al. Bloomington: Denis Sinor Institute for Inner Asian Studies, Indiana University Uralic and Altai Studies 173, 2009, pp. 18.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. “Population Movements in Mongol Eurasia.” In Nomads as Agents of Cultural Change: The Mongols and Their Eurasian Predecessors, edited by Amitai, Reuven and Biran, Michal. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 2014, pp. 119–51.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. “Robing in the Mongolian Empire.” In Robes and Honor: The Medieval World of Investiture, edited by Gordon, Stewart. New York: Palgrave, 2001, pp. 305–13.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. The Royal Hunt in Eurasian History. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, 2006.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. “Sharing out the Empire: Apportioned Lands under the Mongols.” In Nomads in the Sedentary World, edited by Khazanov, Anatoly M. and Wink, André. Richmond: Curzon Press, 2001, pp. 172–90.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. “Spiritual Geography and Political Legitimacy in the Eastern Steppe.” In Ideology and the Formation of Early States, edited by Claessen, Heri and Oosten, Jarich. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 1996, pp. 116–35.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. “Technologies of Governance in the Mongolian Empire: A Geographic Overview.” In Imperial Statecraft: Political Forms and Techniques of Governance in Inner Asia, Sixth-Twentieth Centuries, edited by Sneath, David. Bellington: Center for East Asian Studies, Western Washington University, 2006, pp. 117–40.Google Scholar
Yoshihiko, Amino. Chūsei no hinōgyōmin to tennō. Tokyo: Iwanami shoten, 1980.Google Scholar
Amitai, Reuven. “Mamluks of Mongol Origin and Their Role in Early Mamluk Political Life.” Mamlūk Studies Review 12, no. 1 (2008): 119–37.Google Scholar
Amitai-Preiss, Reuven. Mongols and Mamluks: The Mamluk-Īlkhānid War, 1260–1281. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.Google Scholar
Amitai-Preiss, Reuven. The Mongols in the Islamic lands: Studies in the History of the Ilkhanate. Aldershot: Ashgate/Variorum, 2007.Google Scholar
Andrade, Tonio. The Gunpowder Age: China, Military Innovation, and the Rise of the West in World History. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2016.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anon. Bei ping lu. In GCDG. vol. 1.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
Atwood, Christopher. “Buddhists as Natives: Changing Positions in the Religious Ecology of the Mongol Yuan Dynasty.” In The Middle Kingdom and the Dharma Wheel: Aspects of the Relationship between the Buddhist Saṃgha and the State in Chinese History, edited by Jülch, Thomas. Leiden and Boston: E. J. Brill, 2016, pp. 278321.Google Scholar
Atwood, Christopher. “The Date of the ‘Secret History of the Mongols’ Reconsidered.” Journal of Song-Yuan Studies 37 (2007): 148.Google Scholar
Atwood, Christopher. Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File, Inc, 2004.Google Scholar
Atwood, Christopher. “Historiography and Transformation of Ethnic Identity in the Mongol Empire: The Öng’üt Case.” Asian Ethnicity 15, no. 4 (2014): 514–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Atwood, Christopher. “Imperial Itinerance and Mobile Pastoralism: The State and Mobility in Medieval Inner Asia.” Inner Asia 17, no. 2 (2015): 293349.Google Scholar
Atwood, Christopher. “Worshipping Grace: The Language of Loyalty in Qing Mongolia. Late Imperial China 21, no. 2 (2000): 86139.Google Scholar
Aubin, Françoise. “To Impress the Seal: A Technological Transfer.” In Representing Power in Ancient Inner Asia: Legitimacy, Transmission, and the Sacred, edited by Charleux, Isabelle, DeLaplace, Grégory, Hamayon, Roberte, and Pearce, Scott. Bellingham: Center for East Asian Studies Western Washington University, 2010, pp. 159207.Google Scholar
Aubin, Françoise. “Le Khanat de Cagatai et le Khorassan (1334–1380).” Turcica 8 (1976): 1660.Google Scholar
Ayalon, David. “The Wāfīdīya in the Mamluk Kingdom.” Islamic Culture 25 (1951): 89104 Rpt. in David Ayalon, Studies on the Mamlūks of Egypt (1250–1517). London: Variorum Reprints, 1977.Google Scholar
Jian, Bai and Shougang, Yin. “Liang Wang Bazalawaermi sanshi kao.” Simao shifan gaodeng zhuanke xuexiao xuebao 25, no. 1 (2009): 6870.Google Scholar
Balabanlilar, Lisa. Imperial Identity in the Mughal Empire: Memory and Dynastic Politics in Early Modern Central Asia. New York: I. B. Tauris, 2012.Google Scholar
Shinichirō, Ban. “Amudo-Chibetto bukkyō jiin Atsuan-gonpa (Qutansi) no Chibettobun hibun shokō–Eiraku jūrokunen ‘Kōtei chokuyubi’ no shiryōteiki kachi no kentō o chūshin ni.” Ōtani daigaku daigakuin kenkyū kiyō 22 (2005): 189219.Google Scholar
Shinichirō, Ban. “Minsho ni okeru tai Mongoru seisaku to Kasai in okeru Sakya-Bandeita no Choruten saiken: Kanbun-Chibetto bun taiyaku, Gentoku 5 nen (1430) ‘jūshū Ryōshū Hakutashi’ no reikishiteki haikei.” Ajia-Afurika gengo bunka kenkyū 84 (2009): 3965.Google Scholar
Bao, Qixiang. “Beijing faxian de Shahhalu yinbi.” Zhongguo qianhuo 3 (1999): 6667.Google Scholar
Barrett, Timothy. “Qubilai Qa’an and the Historians: Some Remarks on the Position of the Great Khan in Pre-Modern Chinese Historiography.” In The Mongol Empire and Its Legacy, edited by Amitai-Preiss, Reuven and Morgan, David. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 1999, pp. 250–59.Google Scholar
Batten, Bruce. Gateway to Japan: Hakata in War and Peace, 500–1300. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press, 2006.Google Scholar
Bawden, Charles. The Mongol Chronicle Altan Tobči. Wiesbaden: O. Harrassowitz, 1955.Google Scholar
Beifang minzu daxue, British National Library; guji chenbanshe, Shanghai, minzu xueyuan, Xibei dier, corporate authors. Yingguo guojia tushuguan cang Heishuicheng wenxian. Shanghai: Shanghai guji chubanshe, 2004.Google Scholar
Bemmann, Jan, Erdenebat, Ulambayar, and Pohl, Ernst, editors. Mongolian-German Karakorum Expedition Volume 1, Excavations in the Craftsmen Quarter at the Main Road. Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag, 2010.Google Scholar
Benard, Elisabeth. “The Qianlong Emperor and Tibetan Buddhism.” In New Qing Imperial History: The Making of Inner Asian Empire at Qing Chengde, edited by Millward, James. London: Routledge, 2004, pp. 123–35.Google Scholar
Berger, Patricia. Empire of Emptiness: Buddhist Art and Political Authority in Qing China. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i, 2003.Google Scholar
Aonan, Bi. “Hongwu nianjian Mingchao yu Luchuan wangguo guanxi kaocha.” Zhongguo bianjiang shidi yanjiu 15, no. 2 (2005): 102–11.Google Scholar
Bira, Shagdaryn. Mongolian Historical Writing from 1200 to 1700. Translated from the original Russian by Krueger, John and revised and updated by the author. Bellingham: Center for East Asian Studies, Western Washington University, 2002.Google Scholar
Biran, Michal. “The Chaghadaids and Islam: The Conversion of Tarmashirin Khan.” Journal of the American Oriental Society 122, no. 4 (2002): 742–52.Google Scholar
Biran, Michal. Chinggis Khan. Oxford: Oneworld Publications, 2007, rpt. 2012.Google Scholar
Biran, Michal. “The Mongols in Central Asia from Chinggis Khan’s Invasion to the Rise of Temür: The Ögödeid and Chaghadaid Realms.” In CHIA, pp. 46–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Biran, Michal. Qaidu and the Rise of the Independent Mongol State in Central Asia. Surrey: Curzon, 1997.Google Scholar
Biran, Michal. “Rulers and City Life in Mongol Central Asia.” In Turko-Mongol Rulers, Cities and City Life, edited by Durand-Guédy, David. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2013, pp. 257–83.Google Scholar
Blair, Sheila. “Illustrating History: Rashid al-Din and his Compendium of Chronicles.” Iranian Studies 50 (2017): 819–42.Google Scholar
Blair, Sheila. “Tabriz: International Entrepôt under the Mongols.” In Politics, Patronage and the Transmission of Knowledge in 13th–15th Century Tabriz, edited by Pfeiffer, Judith. Leiden: Brill, 2014, pp. 321–56.Google Scholar
Blair, Sheila. “Timurid Signs of Sovereignty.” Oriente Moderno, Nuova serie, Anno 15 (76), no. 2 (1996): 551–76.Google Scholar
Blochet, Edgar. Introduction á l’Histoire des Mongols. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1910.Google Scholar
Bol, Peter. Neo-Confucianism in History. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2008.Google Scholar
Borschberg, Peter. “The European Musk Trade with Asia in the Early Modern Period.” The Heritage Journal 1, no. 1 (2004): 112.Google Scholar
Boyan, . “Xuanguang, Tianyuan nianhao.” Shehui kexue jikan 3 (1983): 156.Google Scholar
Boyan, Baoyin. “Guanyu Yesudieer.” Chifeng xueyuan xuebao (Hanwen zhexue shehui kexueban) 30, no. 3 (2009): 611.Google Scholar
Boyinhu, . “Bei Yuan yu Mingdai Menggu.” Neimenggu daxue xuebao (zhexue shehui kexue ban)1 (1994): 912. Rpt. in Boyinhu, Mingdai Menggu shilu. Taibei: Meng Zang weiyuanhui, 1998.Google Scholar
Boyinhu, . “Guanyu Bei Yuan hanxi.” Neimenggu daxue xuebao 3 (1987): 4151.Google Scholar
Brack, Jonathan. “Mediating Sacred Kingship: Conversion and Sovereignty in Mongol Iran.” Ph.D. Dissertation. Department of History, University of Michigan, 2016.Google Scholar
Brack, Jonathan. “Theologies of Auspicious Kingship: The Islamization of Chinggisid Sacral Kingship in Medieval Iran.” Comparative Studies in Society and History, 60, no. 4 (2018): 1143–71.Google Scholar
Bretschneider, Emil. Mediæval Researches from Eastern Asiatic Sources. Fragments towards the Knowledge of the Geography and History of Central and Western Asia from the 13th to the 17th century. London: K. Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., Ltd, 1910.Google Scholar
Breuker, Remco. “And Now, Your Highness, We’ll Discuss the Location of Your Hidden Rebel Base: Guerrillas, Rebels and Mongols in Medieval Korea.” Journal of Asian History 46, no. 1 (2012): 5995.Google Scholar
Broadbridge, Anne. Kingship and Ideology in the Islamic and Mongol Worlds. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008.Google Scholar
Broadbridge, Anne. “Marriage, Family and Politics: The Ilkhanid-Oirat Connection.” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Series 3, 26, nos. 1–2 (2016): 121–35.Google Scholar
, Buyankü and Xiong, Wang, compilers. Mingdai Menggu Hanji shiliao huibian. Hohhot: Neimenggu ((Baoyindeligen) daxue chubanshe, 2006–.Google Scholar
Buyandelger, Jigachidai. “Shiwu shiji zhongyeqian de Bei Yuan kehan shixi ji zhengju.” Menggushi yanjiu 6 (2000): 131–55.Google Scholar
Meibiao, Cai. “Mingdai Menggu yu Da Yuan guohao.” Nankai xuebao 1 (1992): 4351.Google Scholar
Yongnian, Cao. “Bei xun siji suojian zhi Bei Yuan zhengju.” Neimenggu daxue xuebao (renwen shehui kexueban) 33, no. 1 (2001): 4855. Rpt. in Cao Yongnian, Mingdai Menggushi congkao. Shanghai: Shanghai guji chubanshe, 2012, pp. 1–18.Google Scholar
Yongnian, Cao. “‘Chuan guo xi’ yu Ming Meng guanxi.” Neimenggu shehui kexue 2 (1990): 6064. Rpt. in Cao Yongnian, Mingdai Menggushi congkao. Shanghai: Shanghai guji chubanshe, 2012, pp. 203–10.Google Scholar
Yongnian, Cao. “Du ‘Mingchao yu Bei Yuan–Menggu guanxi zhi tantao.’” Neimenggu shehui kexue 2 (1985): 2629. Rpt. in Cao Yongnian, Mingdai Menggushi congkao. Shanghai: Shanghai guji chubanshe, 2012, pp. 340–45.Google Scholar
Yongnian, Cao. “Guanyu Bei Yuan Xuanguang Tianyuan chao de ducheng.” Neimenggu daxue xuebao (zhexue shehui kexueban) 30, no. 1 (2001): 310. Rpt. in Cao Yongnian, Mingdai Menggushi congkao. Shanghai: Shanghai guji chubanshe, 2012, pp. 19–32.Google Scholar
Yongnian, Cao. “Mingdai Menggushi bianzuanxue zhaji.” Neimenggu daxue xuebao (zhexue shehui kexueban) 3 (1988): 6772. Rpt. in Cao Yongnian, Mingdai Menggushi congkao. Shanghai: Shanghai guji chubanshe, 2012, pp. 226–34.Google Scholar
Yongnian, Cao. Mingdai Menggushi congkao. Shanghai: Shanghai guji chubanshe, 2012.Google Scholar
Yongnian, Cao. “Yexian yu ‘Da Yuan’–Yexian wanghao, nianhao he hanhao de kaocha.” Menggushi yanjiu 5 (1997): 169–76. Rpt. in Cao Yongnian, Mingdai Menggushi congkao. Shanghai: Shanghai guji chubanshe, 2012, pp. 54–66.Google Scholar
Yongnian, Cao. editor, Menggu minzu tongshi, vol. 3. Hohhot: Neimenggu daxue chubanshe, 2002.Google Scholar
Cartwright, Caroline, Duffy, Christina, and Wang, Helen. “Paper Money of the Ming Dynasty: Examining the Material Evidence.” In Ming China: Courts and Contacts, 1400–1450, edited by Clunas, Craig, Harrison-Hall, Jessica, and Yu-ping, Luk. London: British Museum Press, 2016, pp. 170–77.Google Scholar
Chan, Hok-lam. “Guanyu Ming Taizu huangdi qinlu de shiliao.” Rpt. in Chan, Hok-lam Chan, Song Ming shi luncong. Hong Kong: Zhongwen daxue chubanshe, 2012, pp. 257–94. Also rpt. in Mingshi yanjiu luncong 6 (2004): 76–98.Google Scholar
Chan, Hok-lam. “Ming Taizu zhi Gaoli guowang de baihua shengzhi.” In Hok-lam, Chan, Song Ming shi luncong. Hong Kong: Xianggang Zhongwen daxue chubanshe, 2012, pp. 223–55. Also rpt. in Mingshi yanjiu luncong 8 (2010): 47–60.Google Scholar
Chan, Hok-lam. “Mingchao ‘guohao’ de yuanqi “huode’ wenti.” Zhongguo wenhua yanjiusuo xuebao 50 (2009). Rpt. in Hok-lam Chan, Mingchu de renwu, shishi yu chuanshuo. Beijing: Beijing daxue chubanshe, 2010, pp. 1–35.Google Scholar
Chan, Hok-lam. “Mingchu Chaoxian ‘ruchao’ huanguan juyu: Hae Su shiji tansuo.” Gugong xueshu jikan 16, no. 4 (1999): 5793.Google Scholar
Chan, Hok-lam. “‘Zhenwushen Yonglexiang’ chuanshuo suyuan.” In Chan, Hok-lam, Mingdai renwu yu chuanshuo. Hong Kong: Zhongwen daxue chubanshe, 1997, pp. 87127.Google Scholar
Bide (Peter), Chang. “Taizu huangdi qinlu.” Gugong tushu jikan 1, no. 4 (1971): 71113.Google Scholar
Tong’ik, Chang. Koryǒ hugi oegyosa yŏn’gu. Seoul: Ilchogak, 1994.Google Scholar
Tong’ik, Chang. Mongoru teikokki no Hokutō Ajia. Tokyo: Kyūko shoin, 2016.Google Scholar
Chann, Naindeep Singh. “Lord of the Auspicious Conjunction: Origins of the Ṣāḥib-Qirān.” Iran & the Caucasus 13, no. 1 (2009): 93110.Google Scholar
Charleux, Isabelle. “From Onggan to Icon: Legitimization, Glorification and Divinization of Power in Some Examples of Mongol Portraits.” In Representing Power in Ancient Inner Asia: Legitimacy, Transmission and the Sacred, edited by Charleux, Isabelle, Delaplace, Grégory, Hamayon, Roberte, and Pearce, Scott. Bellingham, WA: Western Washington University, 2010, pp. 209–60.Google Scholar
Chase, Kenneth. “Mongol Intentions towards Japan in 1266: Evidence from a Mongol Letter to the Sung.” Sino-Japanese Studies Journal 9, no. 2 (1997): 1223.Google Scholar
Bo, Chen. “Haiyun chuanhu yu Yuanmo haikou.” Shilin 2 (2010): 105–11.Google Scholar
Chaohui, Chen. “Heishuicheng chutu Bei Yuan chuqi Hanwen wenshu chutan.” Xi Xia yanjiu 4 (2015): 6871.Google Scholar
Gaohua, Chen. “Autocracy of the Early Ming Depicted in the Great Warnings (Da gao).” Chinese Studies in History 33, no. 3 (2000): 2849.Google Scholar
Gaohua, Chen. “Guanyu Zhu Yuanzhang wen de zhengli wenti.” Ming Qing luncong 1 (1999): 99104.Google Scholar
Gaohua, Chen. “Heicheng Yuandai zhanchi dengjibu chutan.” Zhongguo shehui kexueyuan yanjiusheng xuebao 5 (2002): 4956. Rpt. in Chen Gaohua, Chen Gaohua wenji. Shanghai: Shanghai cishu chubanshe, 2005, pp. 94–107.Google Scholar
Gaohua, Chen. “Lun Zhu Yuanzhang he Yuanchao de guanxi.” Xueshu yuekan 5 (1980). Rpt. in Chen Gaohua, Yuanshi yanjiu lungao. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1991, pp. 316–27.Google Scholar
Gaohua, Chen. “Shisi shiji lai Zhongguo de Riben sengren.” Wenshi 18 (1983): 131–49.Google Scholar
Gaohua, Chen. “Shuo Yuanmo Hongjinjun de sanlu beifa.” Lishi jiaoxue 5 (1981): 21–25.Google Scholar
Gaohua, Chen. “Shuo Zhu Yuanzhang de zhaoling.” Rpt. in Gaohua, Chen, Chen Gaohua wenji. Shanghai: Shanghai cishu chubanshe, 2005, pp. 506–21.Google Scholar
Gaohua, Chen. “Yuan Zhongdu de xingfei.” Wenwu chunqiu 42 (1998): 1720.Google Scholar
Gaohua, Chen. “Yuandai Xinjiang he Zhongyuan Hanzu diqu de jingji, wenhua jiaoliu.” Xinjiang lishi lunwenji. Urumqi: Xinjiang renmin chubanshe, 1978. Rpt. in Chen Gaohua, Yuanchao shishi xinzheng. Lanzhou: Lanzhou daxue chubanshe, 2010, pp. 324–34.Google Scholar
Gaohua, Chen. “Yuanmo nongmin qiyijun minghao xiaoding.” Nankai daxue xuebao 2 (1979): 9596.Google Scholar
Gaohua, Chen. “Yuanmo nongmin qiyizhong nanfang Hanzu dizhu de zhengzhi dongxiang.” Xinjianshe 11–12 (1964). Rpt. in Chen Gaohua, Yuanshi yanjiu lungao. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1991, pp. 268–89.Google Scholar
Gaohua, Chen. “Yuanmo Zhedong dizhu yu Zhu Yuanzhang.” Xinjianshe 5 (1963). Rpt. in Chen Gaohua, Yuanshi yanjiu lungao. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1991, pp. 290–306.Google Scholar
Gaohua, Chen. “Yuan shi zuanxiu kao.” Lishi yanjiu 4 (1990): 115–29.Google Scholar
Gaohua, Chen and Weimin, Shi. Yuandai Dadu Shangdu yanjiu. Beijing: Zhongguo Renmin daxue chubanshe, 2010.Google Scholar
Guang’en, Chen. “Heishuicheng chutu Yuandai Daojiao wenshu chutan.” Ningxia shehui kexue 3 (2015): 125–29.Google Scholar
Guangwen, Chen. “Dunhuang Mogaoku di 237 ku Bei Yuan shiqi Hanwen youren tiji kaoshi.” Xi Xia yanjiu 4 (2015): 8891.Google Scholar
Jian, Chen (1497–1567). Huang Ming tong ji. 1555. Rpt. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 2008.Google Scholar
Ruiqing, Chen. “Heishuicheng Yuandai wenxianzhong de ‘Anding wang’ jiqi budui.” Nanjing shifan daxuebao (shehui kexueban) 5 (2012): 110–15.Google Scholar
Wei, Chen. “Yuandai Yijinailu Yisilan shehui tanxin.” Xiyu yanjiu 1 (2010): 9–16.Google Scholar
Wuqiang, Chen. “Ming Hongwuchao duiMeng zhanzheng de shikong fenbu.” Beifang luncong 6 (2014): 114–18.Google Scholar
Wutong, Chen. Hongwu huangdi dazhuan. Zhengzhou: Henan Renmin chubanshe, 1993.Google Scholar
Xiaofa, Chen. Mingdai ZhongRi wenhua jiaoliushi yanjiu. Beijing: Shangwu yinshuguan, 2011.Google Scholar
Zilong, Chen (1608–47). Huang Ming jing shi wen bian. 1638. Rpt. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1962; third printing 1997.Google Scholar
Minzheng, Cheng (1446–99), compiler. Huang Ming wen heng. Rpt. Taibei: Shijie shuju, 1967.Google Scholar
Ching, Dora. “Icons of Rulership: Imperial Portraiture during the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644).” Ph.D. Dissertation, Princeton University, 2011.Google Scholar
Ching, Dora. “Tibetan Buddhism and the Creation of the Ming Imperial Image.” In Culture, Courtiers, and Competition: The Ming Court (1368–1644), edited by Robinson, David. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2008, pp. 321–64.Google Scholar
Ching, Dora. “Visual Images of Hongwu.” In Long Live the Emperor! Uses of the Ming Founder across Six Centuries of East Asian History, edited by Schneewind, Sarah. Minneapolis: Society for Ming Studies, 2008, pp. 171209.Google Scholar
Byonghyon, Choi. The Annals of King T’aejo. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2014.Google Scholar
In-ji, Chŏng. Koryŏsa. 1454. Rpt. Tokyo: Kokusho kankōkai, 1908.Google Scholar
Mongju, Chŏng. P’oŭn chip. Rpt. in HGMJ, vol. 5.Google Scholar
Clavijo, Ruy González de. Kelaweiyue dongshiji. Translated by Zhaojun, Yang. Shanghai: Shangwu yinshuguan, 1957.Google Scholar
Clavijo, Ruy González de. Narrative of the Spanish Embassy to the Court of Timur at SamarCand in the Years, AD 1403–1406. Trans. Le Strange, Guy. London: Hakluyt Society; rpt. London: Routledge, 1928.Google Scholar
Cleaves, Francis. “An Early Mongolian Loan Contract from Qara Qoto.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 18, no. 1/2 (1955): 149.Google Scholar
Cleaves, Francis. Revised and Edited by de Rachewiltz, Igor. “An Early Mongolian Version of the Hsiao Ching.” Acta Orientalia 59, no. 4 (2006): 393406Google Scholar
Cleaves, Francis. “The Initial Formulae in a Communication of a Mongolian Viceroy to the King of Korea.” Journal of Turkish Studies 3 (1979): 6588.Google Scholar
Cleaves, Francis. “The Lingǰi of Aruγ of 1340. Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 25 (1964–65): 3179.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cleaves, Francis. “The Memorial for Presenting the ‘Yüan shih.’’’ Asia Major Third Series 1, no. 1 (1988): 5969.Google Scholar
Cleaves, Francis. “The ‘Postscript to the Table of Contents of the Yuan shih.’Journal of Song-Yuan Studies 23 (1993): 118.Google Scholar
Cleaves, Francis. “The Sino-Mongolian Inscription of 1338 in Memory of Jingüntei.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 14, no. 1/2 (1951): 1104.Google Scholar
Cleaves, Francis. “The Sino-Mongolian Inscription of 1346.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 15, no. 1/2 (1952): 1123.Google Scholar
Clunas, Craig. “Connected Material Histories: A Response.” Modern Asian Studies 50, no. 1 (2016): 6174.Google Scholar
Clunas, Craig. “Precious Stones and Ming Culture, 1400–1450.” In Ming China: Courts and Contact,1400–1450, edited by Clunas, Craig, Harrison-Hall, Jessica, and Yu-ping, Luk. London: British Museum Press, 2016, pp. 236–44.Google Scholar
Clunas, Craig. Screen of Kings: Royal Art and Power in Ming China. London: Reaktion Books, 2013.Google Scholar
Clunas, Craig, and Harrison-Hall, Jessica, editors. Ming 50 Years That Changed China. London: British Museum, 2014.Google Scholar
Clunas, Craig, Harrison-Hall, Jessica, and Yu-ping, Luk, editors. Ming China: Courts and Contact, 1400–1450. London: British Museum Press, 2016.Google Scholar
Confucius. The Analects. Translated by Lau, D. C.. London: Penguin Classics, 1979, rpt. 1988.Google Scholar
Haiping, Cong. “Heicheng chutu wenshu suojian Haidu zhi luan shiqi Yijinai de junliang gongji.” Yunnan shifan daxue xuebao (zhexue shehui kexueban) 4 (2009): 3035.Google Scholar
Conlan, Thomas. In Little Need of Divine Intervention: Takezaki Suenaga’s Scrolls of the Mongol Invasions of Japan. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2001.Google Scholar
Conlan, Thomas. From Sovereign to Symbol: An Age of Ritual Determinism in Fourteenth-Century Japan. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Conlan, Thomas. State of War: The Violent Order of Fourteenth-Century Japan. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan, 2003.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
di Cosmo, Nicola. Ancient China and Its Enemies: The Rise of Nomadic Power in East Asian History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.Google Scholar
di Cosmo, Nicola. “Nurhaci’s Gambit: Sovereignty as Concept and Praxis in the Rise of the Manchus.” In The Scaffolding of Sovereignty: Global and Aesthetic Perspectives on the History of a Concept, edited by Benite, Zvi Ben-Dor, et al. New York: Columbia University Press, 2017, pp. 102–23.Google Scholar
di Cosmo, Nicola. “Nurhaci’s Names.” In Representing Power in Ancient Inner Asia: Legitimacy, Transmission and the Sacred, edited by Charleux, Isabelle et al. Bellingham: Western Washington University, 2010, pp. 271–79Google Scholar
di Cosmo, Nicola. “Qing Colonial Administration.” The International History Review XX, no. 2 (1998): 287309.Google Scholar
di Cosmo, Nicola. “Why Qara Qorum? Climate and Geography in the Early Mongol Empire.” Archivum Eurasiae Medii Aevi 21 (2014): 6778.Google Scholar
di Cosmo, Nicola and Bao, Dalizhibu. Manchu-Mongol Relations on the Eve of the Qing Conquest: A Documentary History. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2003.Google Scholar
Hongyi, Dai. “Guanyu Bei Yuanshi de jige wenti.” Neimeng minzu shifan xueyuan xuebao 2 (1987): 24, 6771.Google Scholar
Hui, Dai. “Mingdai Daliwei de quanli shanbian jiqi shehui yingxiang.” Jiangsu shifan daxue xuebao (zhexue shehui kexueban) 41, no. 6 (2015): 5763.Google Scholar
Xiyan, Dai. “Menggu Hongjilabu de lishi huodong yu Yuandai Yingchanglu de shehui zuoyong.” Xuebao (Dalian minzu xueyuan) 2 (2006): 1113, 24.Google Scholar
Dale, Stephen. The Garden of the Eight Paradises: Bābur and the Culture of Empire in Central Asia, Afghanistan, and India (1483–1530). Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2004.Google Scholar
Dale, Stephen. “The Later Timurids c. 1450–526.” In CHIA, pp. 199–217.Google Scholar
Hiroshi, Danjō. Mindai kaikin chōkō shisutemu to kai chitsujo. Kyoto: Kyōto daigaku gakujitsu shuppankai, 2013.Google Scholar
Dardess, John. Confucianism and Autocracy: Professional Elites in the Founding of the Ming Dynasty. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983.Google Scholar
Dardess, John. Conquerors and Confucians: Aspects of Political Change in Late Yüan China. New York: Columbia University Press, 1973.Google Scholar
Dardess, John. “From Civil War to Ming Founding: The Verbal Photography of Liu Song.” Ming Studies 69 (2014): 526.Google Scholar
Dardess, John. “From Mongol Empire to Yüan Dynasty: Changing Forms of Imperial Rule in Mongolia and Central Asia.” Monumenta Serica 30 (1972–73): 117–65.Google Scholar
Dardess, John. “Ming Tai-Tsu on the Yüan: An Autocrat’s Assessment of the Mongol Dynasty.” Bulletin of Sung and Yüan Studies 14 (1978): 611.Google Scholar
Dardess, John. “Shun-ti and the End of Yüan Rule.” In CHC 6: 561–86.Google Scholar
Dardess, John. “The Transformations of Messianic Revolt and the Founding of the Ming Dynasty.” Journal of Asian Studies 29, no. 3 (1970): 539–58.Google Scholar
Darijab (Dalizhabu), . “Bei Yuan chuqi shishi lüeshu.” Neimengu shehui kexue (wenshizheban) 5 (1990). Rpt. in Dalizhabu (Darijab), Ming Qing Menggushi lungao. Beijing: Renmin chubanshe, 2003, pp. 1–19.Google Scholar
Darijab (Dalizhabu), . “Bei Yuanshi yanjiu santi.” Heilongjiang minzu congkan 2 (1991). Rpt. in Dalizhabu, Ming Qing Menggushi lungao. Beijing: Renmin chubanshe, 2003, pp. 219–30.Google Scholar
Darijab (Dalizhabu), . “Bei Yuan zhengzhi zhidu de yanbian jiqi lishi fenqi.” Minda shixue 1 (1996). Rpt. in Dalizhabu Ming Qing Menggushi lungao. Beijing: Renmin chubanshe, 2003, pp. 82–101.Google Scholar
Debreczeny, Karl. “The Early Ming Imperial Atelier on the Tibetan Frontier.” In Ming China: Courts and Contacts 1400–1450, edited by Clunas, Craig, Harrison-Hall, Jessica, and Yu-ping, Luk. London: British Museum Press, 2016, pp. 152–62.Google Scholar
Debreczeny, Karl. “Sino-Tibetan Artistic Synthesis in Ming Dynasty Temples at the Core and Periphery.” The Tibet Journal 28, no. 1/2 (2003): 49108.Google Scholar
de Rachelwitz, Igor. “The Preclassical Mongolian Version of the Hsiao-ching.” Zentralasiatische Studien 16 (1982): 7109.Google Scholar
de Rachelwitz, Igor. “Some Remarks on the Ideological Foundations of Chinggis Khan’s Empire.” Papers on Far Eastern History 7 (1973): 2136.Google Scholar
DeWeese, Devin. “‘Stuck in the Throat of Chingīz Khan’: Envisioning the Mongol Conquests in Some Sufi Accounts from the 14th to 17th Centuries. In History and Historiography of Post-Mongol Central Asia and the Middle East: Studies in Honour of John E. Woods, edited by Pfeiffer, Judith. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2006, pp. 2360.Google Scholar
Hyeon-chol, Do. “Analysis of Recently Discovered Late-Koryŏ Civil Service Examination Answer Sheets.” Korean Studies 41 (2017): 152–72.Google Scholar
Dreyer, Edward. “The Chi-Shih-Lu of Yü Pen: A Note on the Sources of the Founding of the Ming Dynasty.” The Journal of Asian Studies 31, no. 4 (1972): 901–4.Google Scholar
Dreyer, Edward. Early Ming China: A Political History 1355–1435. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1982.Google Scholar
Dreyer, Edward. “Military Origins of Ming China.” In CHC 7: 58–106.Google Scholar
Dreyer, Edward. “The Poyang Campaign, 1363: Inland Naval Warfare in the Founding of the Ming Dynasty.” In Chinese Ways in Warfare, edited by Kierman, Frank and Fairbank, John. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1974, pp. 202–42.Google Scholar
Hongtao, Du. “Yanshantang bie ji suozai Ping wei Zhou bang kanwu.” Zhongguo dianji yu wenhua 82 (2012): 137–41.Google Scholar
Lihui, Du. “E cang Heishuicheng Suzhoulu guanyuan minglu wenshu kaoshi.” Xi Xia xue 5 (2010): 7980.Google Scholar
Lihui, Du, Ruiqing, Chen, and Jianlu, Zhu. “Heishuicheng Yuandai Hanwen junzheng wenshu de shuliang goucheng jiqi jiazhi.” Ningxia shehui kexue 2 (2012): 181–21. Rpt. and slightly expanded in Du Lihui, Chen Ruiqing, and Zhu Jianlu. Heishuicheng Yuandai Hanwen junzheng wenshu yanjiu. Tianjin: Tianjin guji chubanshe, 2015, pp. 3–12.Google Scholar
Lihui, Du, Ruiqing, Chen, and Jianlu, Zhu. Heishuicheng Yuandai Hanwen junzheng wenshu yanjiu. Tianjin: Tianjin chuban meiti tuanti and Tianjin guji chubanshe, 2015.Google Scholar
Yuting, Du. “Dali zhanshu yu Zhu Yuanzhang de pingDian guoce.” Zhongguo bianjiang shidi yanjiu 1 (1991): 6977.Google Scholar
Yuting, Du. “Shilun Dali zhanshu.” Yunnan shehui kexue 5 (1990): 7278.Google Scholar
Duara, Prasenjit. “Asia Redux: Conceptualizing a Region for Our Times.” The Journal of Asian Studies 69, no. 4 (2010): 963–83.Google Scholar
Ḥaydar Dūghlāt, Muḥammad (Mirza Muhammand Haidar), History of the Mughals of Central Asia Being the Tarikh-i-rashidi, translated by Ross, E. Denison and edited by Elias, N. (second edition, London, 1898; reprint, New York: Praeger Publishers, 1970); Tarikh-i-Rashid A History of the Khans of Moghulistan, English translation and annotation by W. M. Thackston. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1996.Google Scholar
Duindam, Jeroen. “Court as Meeting Point”? In Prince, Pen, and Sword: Eurasian Perspectives, edited by van Berkel, Maaike and Duindam, Jeroen. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2018, pp. 32128.Google Scholar
Duindam, Jeroen. Dynasties: A Global History of Power, 1300?1800. London: Cambridge University Press, 2016.Google Scholar
Dunnell, Ruth. “Locating the Tangut Military Establishment: Uraqai (Wulahai) and the Heishui Zhenyan Army.” Monumenta Serica 40 (1992): 219–34.Google Scholar
Elikhina, Iulia. “The Most Interesting Artefacts from Karakorum in the Collection of the State Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg.” In Mongolian-German Karakorum Expedition, Volume 1, Excavations in the Craftsmen Quarter at the Main Road, edited by Bemmann, Jan, Erdenebat, Ulambayar, and Pohl, Ernst. Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag, 2010, pp. 3947.Google Scholar
Elverskog, Johan. Buddhism and Islam on the Silk Road. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2010.Google Scholar
Elverskog, Johan. The Jewel Translucent Sutra: Altan Khan and the Mongols in the Sixteenth Century. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2003.Google Scholar
Elverskog, Johan. “The Legend of Muna Mountain.” Inner Asia 8 (2006): 99122.Google Scholar
Elverskog, Johan. Our Great Qing: The Mongols, Buddhism and the State in Late Imperial China. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 2006.Google Scholar
Kazuo, Enoki. “Fu An’s Mission to Central Asia.” Memoirs of the Toyo Bunko 35 (1977): 219–31.Google Scholar
Wataru, Enomoto. “Genmatsu nairanki no Nichi-Gen kōtsū.” Tōyō gakuhō 84, no. 1 (2002): 131.Google Scholar
Wataru, Enomoto. “Junteichō zenpanki ni okeru Nichi-Gen kōtsū. Nihon rekishi 640 (2001): 1834.Google Scholar
Wataru, Enomoto. “Jūyon seiki kōhan, Nihon ni torai shita hitobito.” Harukanaru chūsei 20 (2003): 2554.Google Scholar
Wataru, Enomoto. “NyūGen Nihonsō Chintei Kaiju to Genmatsu Minsho no Nicchū kōryū: Shinshutsu sōden no shōkai wo kanete.” Tōyōshi kenkyū (2011): 260–98.Google Scholar
Erdenebat, Ulambayar and Pohl, Ernst. “The Crossroads in Khara Khorum: Excavations at the Center of the Mongol Empire.” In Genghis Khan and the Mongol Empire, edited by Fitzhugh, William, Rossabi, Morris, and Honeychurch, William. Media: Dino Don; Mongolian Preservation Foundation; Washington, DC: Arctic Studies Center, Smithsonian Institution, 2009, pp. 137–45.Google Scholar
Erdenebat, Ulambayar, Janßen-Kim, Melanie, and Pohl, Ernst. “Two Ceramic Deposits from the Territory of Karakorum.” In Mongolian-German Karakorum Expedition, Volume 1, Excavations in the Craftsmen Quarter at the Main Road, edited by Bemmann, Jan, Erdenebat, Ulambayar, and Pohl, Ernst. Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag, 2010, pp. 4962.Google Scholar
Shuzhi, Fan. Mingshi jiaogao. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 2012.Google Scholar
Yongxue, Fan and Deng, Wentao. “Heicheng chutu de jujianxin yu Bei Yuan chuqi sanwei zongwang de quxiang.” Xi Xia yanjiu 11 (2015): 277–83.Google Scholar
Yongyong, Fan and Xiaoxia, Wang. “Hongwu nianjian Mingchao yu Samaerhan de chaogong guanxi lunshu.” Yili shifa xueyuan xuebao (shehui kexue ban)” 1 (2014): 3741.Google Scholar
Hui, Fang. “‘Bei Yuan’ shiqi de Jia Yuan guanxi–Yuandai Yunnan minzu guanxi yanjiu zhi wu.” Yunnan jiaoyu xueyuan xuebao 2 (1990): 3540.Google Scholar
Hui, Fang. “Dali zongguan Duanshi yu Yuan Meng zhengquan guanxi pouxi.” Guangxi minzu yanjiu 2 (1990): 8690.Google Scholar
Hui, Fang. “Tianli bingbian zhi hou de Duan Yuan guanxi.” Yunnan shehui kexue 6 (1989): 7176, p. 29.Google Scholar
Hui, Fang. “Xingsheng, zongwang, Duanshi bingli shiqi de Duan Yuan guanxi.” Sixiang zhanxian 6 (1989): 6772.Google Scholar
Linggui, Fang. “Guanyu Beiyuan Xuanguang nianhao de kaozheng.” Gugong bowuyuan yuankan 1 (1979): 5962.Google Scholar
Linggui, Fang. “Yuanshi zuanxiu zakao.” Shehui kexue zhanxian 2 (1992): 161–72. Rpt. in Fang Linggui, Yuanshi congkao. Beijing: Minzu chubanshe, 2004, pp. 1–49.Google Scholar
Linggui, Fang. “Yunnanwang cangjing bei xintanMinzu yanjiu 4 (1990). Rpt. in Fang Linggui, Yuanshi congkao. Beijing: Minzu chubanshe, 2004, pp. 275–90.Google Scholar
Zhenhua, Fang. “Yidi wu bainian zhi yun–yunshulun yu yixiaguan de fenxi.” Taida lishi xuebao 60 (2017): 159–91.Google Scholar
Farmer, Edward. Zhu Yuanzhang and Early Ming Legislation: The Reordering of Chinese Society Following the End of Mongol Rule. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 1995.Google Scholar
Farquhar, David. “The Official Seals and Ciphers of the Yüan Period.” Monumenta Serica 25 (1966): 362–93.Google Scholar
Fernqest, Jon. “Crucible of War: Burma and the Ming in the Tai Frontier Zone (1382–1454).” School of Oriental and African Studies Bulletin of Burma Research 4, no. 2 (2006): 2781.Google Scholar
Fiaschetti, Francesca. “Tradition, Innovation and the Construction of Qubilai’s Diplomacy.” Ming Qing yanjiu 18 (2013–14): 133–58.Google Scholar
Findlay, Ronald and Mats, Lundahl. “The First Globalization Episode: The Creation of the Mongol Empire, or the Economics of Chinggis Khan.” In The Economics of the Frontier: Conquest and Settlement. London, Palgrave Macmillan, 2017, pp. 173221.Google Scholar
Fischel, Walter. Ibn Khaldun and Tamerlane. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1952.Google Scholar
Fletcher, Joseph. “China and Central Asia, 1368–1884.” In Chinese World Order: Traditional China’s Foreign Relations, edited by Fairbank, John. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1968, pp. 206–24.Google Scholar
Fletcher, Joseph. “The Mongols: Ecological and Social Perspectives.” Harvard Journal of Asian Studies 46, no. 1 (1986): 1150.Google Scholar
Fogel, Joshua. Articulating the Sinosphere: Sino-Japanese Relations in Space and Time. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Franke, Herbert. “Could the Mongol Emperors Read and Write Chinese.” In Franke, Herbert, China under Mongol Rule. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing; Brookfield: Variorium, 1994, pt. V, pp. 2841.Google Scholar
Franke, Wolfgang. “Historial Writing during the Ming.” In CHC 7: 726–82.Google Scholar
Franke, Wolfgang. An Introduction to the Sources of Ming History. Kuala Lumpur: University of Malaya Press, 1968.Google Scholar
Fanwei, Fu. “Cong ‘Yu Zhongyuan xi’ de chuanchao kan Mingdai huayi zhengtongguan de zhuanbian.” Mingdai yanjiu 22 (2014): 5176.Google Scholar
Tateki, Fujishima. “Gen no Juntei to sono jidai.” Ōtani gakuhō 49, no. 4 (1970): 5065.Google Scholar
Akiyoshi, Fujita. “‘Ransusan no ran’ to Higashi Ajia no kaiiki sekai: jūyon seiki no Tansan guntō to Kōrai-Nihon.” Rekishigaku kenyū 698 (1997): 2233.Google Scholar
Susumu, Fuma. “Chūgoku kinsei no taigai kankei.” In Higashi Ajia kinsei kindaishi kenkyū, edited by Mitsuo, Yoshida. Tokyo: Hōsōdaigaku kyōikushinkōkai, 2017, pp. 97117.Google Scholar
Susumu, Fuma. “Min Shin Chūgoku no taiChōsen gaiko ni okeru ‘rei’ to ‘monzai.’” In Chūgoku Higashi Ajia gaikō kōryūshi no kenkyū, edited by Susumu, Fuma. Kyoto: Kyōto daigaku gakujutsu shuppankai, 2007, pp. 315–53.Google Scholar
Susumu, Fuma. “Ming–Qing China’s Policy towards Vietnam as a Mirror of Its Policy towards Korea: With a Focus on the Question of Investiture and ‘Punitive Expeditions.’Memoirs of the Research Department of the Tōyō Bunko 65 (2007): 133.Google Scholar
Yoshiyuki, Funada. “Unnan ni okeru Mongorushi kanren no shiseki bunbutsu no genjō.” Nihon Mongoru gakkai kiyō 36 (2006): 7174.Google Scholar
Yoshiyuki, Funada. “Nihonen gaikō bunsho kara mita Dai Mongorukoku no bunsho keishiki no tenkai – bōtō teikeiku no kadokiteki hyōgen o chūshin ni.” Shien 146 (2009): 123.Google Scholar
Gao, Yongjiu. “Tiemuer yu Zhongguo.” Zhongyang minzu daxue xuebao (shehui kexueban) 2 (1999): 5558.Google Scholar
Goble, Andrew. Kenmu: Go-Daigo’s Revolution. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 1996.Google Scholar
Goble, Andrew. “Kajiwara Shōzen (1265–1337) and the Medical Silk Road: Chinese and Arabic Influences on Medieval Japanese Medicine.” In Tools of Culture: Japan’s Cultural, Intellectual, Medical, and Technological Contacts in East Asia, 1000–1500s, edited by Goble, Andrew, Robinson, Kenneth, and Wakabayashi, Haruko. Ann Arbor, MI: Association for Asian Studies, 2009, pp. 231–57.Google Scholar
Golden, Peter. “Imperial Ideology and the Sources of Political Unity Amongst the Pre-Činggisid Nomads of Western Eurasia.” Archivum Eurasiae Medii Aevi 2 (1982): 3776.Google Scholar
Golden, Peter. “Imperial Ideology and the Sources Empire in Asia, c. 1000–1800.” Journal of Global History 2 (2002): 121.Google Scholar
Golden, Peter. “Migrations, Ethnogenesis.” In CHIA, pp. 109–19.Google Scholar
Gommans, Jos. “Imperial Ideology and the Sources Empire in Asia, c. 1000–1800.” Journal of Global History 2 (2002): 121.Google Scholar
Gomanns, Jos. Mughal Warfare: Indian Frontiers and Highroads to Empire, 1500–1700. London: Routledge, 2002.Google Scholar
Gomanns, Jos. “Warhorses and Post-Nomadic Empire in Asia, c. 1000–1800.” Journal of Global History 2 (2002): 121.Google Scholar
Grupper, Samuel. “A Barulas Family Narrative in the Yuan Shih: Some Neglected Prosopgraphical and Institutional Sources on Timurid Sources.” Archivum Eurasiae medii aevi 8 (1992–94): 1197.Google Scholar
Grupper, Samuel. “Manchu Patronage and Tibetan Buddhism during the First Half of the Ch’ing Dynasty.” Journal of the Tibet Society 4 (1984): 4775.Google Scholar
Cheng, Gu. Mingmo nongmin zhanzhengshi. Rpt. Beijing: Guangming ribao chubanshe, 2012.Google Scholar
Yingtai, Gu. Ming shi ji shi ben mo. 1658. Rpt. Taibei: Sanlian shuju, 1985.Google Scholar
Guo, Xiaohang. “Yuan Yuwang Alatenashili kaoshu.” Shehui kexue 9 (2007): 176–83.Google Scholar
Guo, Zhaobin. “You Heishuicheng wenshu kan Bei Yuan shiqi suzheng lianfangsi genghuan guanlizhong de zuoyong.” Yuanshi luncong 14 (2014): 490–95.Google Scholar
Jiahui, Guo. See Kwok Ka Fai.Google Scholar
Haenisch, Erich. Sino-Mongolische Dokumente vom Ende des 14. Jahrhunderts. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1952.Google Scholar
Hall, John. “Muromachi Bakufu.” In The Cambridge History of Japan Volume 3 Medieval Japan, edited by Yamamura, Kozo. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990, pp. 175230.Google Scholar
Halperin, Charles. “The Ideology of Silence: Prejudice and Pragmatism on the Medieval Religious Frontier.” Comparative Studies in Society and History 26, no. 3 (1984): 442–66Google Scholar
Halperin, Charles. “Ivan IV and Chinggis Khan.” Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas 4 (2003): 481–97.Google Scholar
Halperin, Charles. “The Kipchak Connection: The Ilkhans, the Mamluks and Ayn Jalut.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 63, no. 2 (2000): 229–45.Google Scholar
Halperin, Charles. “The Missing Golden Horde Chronicles and Historiography in the Mongol Empire.” Mongolian Studies: Journal of the Mongolia Society 23 (2000): 115.Google Scholar
Halperin, Charles. Russia and the Golden Horde: The Mongol Impact on Medieval Russian History. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1985.Google Scholar
Halperin, Charles. The Tatar Yoke. Columbus, IN: Slavica Publishers, Inc., 1986.Google Scholar
Hambis, Louis. Le chapitre CVIII du Yuan che: les fiefs attribués aux membres de la famille impériale et aux ministres de la cour mongole d’après l’histoire chinoise officielle de la dynastie mongole. Leiden: Brill, 1954.Google Scholar
Zhiyuan, Han. “Lüelun Jin Fuzhou diqu zai Meng Jin zhanzheng qijian de zhanlüe diwei ji Yuan Wuzong zai Fuzhou jian Yuan Zhongdu de junshi yuanyin.” Wenwu chunqiu 3 (1998): 2528, 40.Google Scholar
Hansen, Valerie. The Open Empire: A History of China to 1600. New York: Norton, 2000.Google Scholar
Masai, Hanuki. “NyūMinsō Chintei Kaiju hyōden.” Komazawa shigaku 5 (1956): 8087.Google Scholar
Rie, Harada. “Jūgo seki Mongoru no shihai kenryoku no henyō.” Kiyō Aoyama gakuin daigaku bungakubu 30 (1988): 7795.Google Scholar
Harris, Lane. “‘The Arteries and Veins’ of the Imperial Body: The Nature of the Relay and Post Station System in the Ming Dynasty, 1368–1644.” Journal of Early Modern History 19 (2015): 287310.Google Scholar
Harris, Lane. “Into the Frontier: The Relay System and Ming Empire in the Borderlands, 1368–1449.” Ming Studies 72 (2015): 323.Google Scholar
, Hashimoto. Chūka gensō: karamono to gaikō no Muromachi jidaishi. Tokyo: Bensei shuppan, 2011.Google Scholar
, Hashimoto. “Wakōron no yukue.” In Kaiiki Ajiashi kenkyū nyūmon, edited by Shirō, Momoki. Tokyo: Iwanami shoten, 2008, pp. 8084.Google Scholar
Haufler, Marsha (Weidner). “Buddhist Pictorial Art in the Ming Dynasty: Patronage, Regionalism, and Internationalism.” In Latter Days of the Law: Images of Chinese Buddhism, 870–1850, edited by Haufler, Marsha (Weidner). Lawrence, KS: Spencer Museum of Art; Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 1994, 5187.Google Scholar
Haufler, Marsha (Weidner). “Faces of Transnational Buddhism at the Early Ming Court.” In Ming China: Courts and Contacts, 1400–1450, edited by Clunas, Craig, Harrison-Hall, Jessica, and Yu-ping, Luk. London: British Museum Press, 2016, pp. 143–51.Google Scholar
Haufler, Marsha (Weidner). “Imperial Engagements with Buddhist Art and Architecture.” In Cultural Intersections in Later Chinese Buddhism, edited by Haufler, Marsha (Weidner). Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 2001, 117–44.Google Scholar
Haw, Stephen. “The Semu ren in the Yuan Empire.” Ming Qing Yanjiu XVIII (2013–14): 3963.Google Scholar
He, Mengchun. He wen jian shu yi. Rpt. in WYSK, vol. 429.Google Scholar
(Ho Kai-lung), He Qilong. “MengYuan he ManQing de ‘Chuanguo yuxi’ shenhua–jianlun Fojiao ‘erjiao zhi men’ de xugou lishi.” Xinshixue 19, no. 1 (2008): 154.Google Scholar
Qiaoyuan, He (1558–1631), compiler. Huang Ming wen zheng. Rpt. SKCM, ji 328. Jinan: QiLu shushe, 1997.Google Scholar
wenwu yanjiusuo, Hebeisheng, editor. Yuan Zhongdu–1998–2003 nian fajue baogao. Beijing: Wenwu chubanshe, 2012.Google Scholar
Henthorn, William. Korea: The Mongol Invasions. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1963.Google Scholar
Chōyū, Hentona. Mindai sakuhō taisei to chōkō bōeki no kenkyū. Okinawa-ken Naha-shi: Shinsei shuppan, 2008.Google Scholar
Heywood, Colin. “Filling the Black Hole: The Emergence of the Bithynian Atamanates.” In The Great Ottoman, Turkish Civilisation, edited by Çiçek, Kemal. Ankara: Yeni Turkiye, 2000, Vol. 1, pp. 107–15.Google Scholar
Hillenbrand, Robert. “The Iskandar Cycle in the Great Mongol Shahnama.” In The Problematics of Power: Eastern and Western Representations of Alexander the Great, edited by Bridges, Margaret and Bürgel, J. Christopher. Bern and New York: Peter Lang, 1996, pp. 203–30.Google Scholar
Ho, Engseng. “Inter-Asian Concepts for Mobile Societies.” The Journal of Asian Studies 76, no. 4 (2017): 907–28.Google Scholar
Minobu, Honda. “On the Genealogy of the Early Northern Yuan.” Ural-Altaische Jahrbücher 30, no. 3–4 (1958): 230–48. Rpt. in Honda Minobu, Mongoru jidaishi kenkyū. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1991, pp. 595–619.Google Scholar
Hope, Michael. Power, Politics, and Tradition in the Mongol Empire and the Īlkhānate of Iran. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016.Google Scholar
Hori, Kyotsu. “The Economic and Political Effects of the Mongol Wars.” In Medieval Japan, edited by Hall, John W. and Mass, Jeffrey P.. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1988, pp. 184–98. Originally published New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1974.Google Scholar
Masaaki, Horie. “Nayan no hanran ni tsuite.” Tōyō shien 34–35 (1990): 7391.Google Scholar
Xiaochen, Hou. “Dui ‘Mingjun shengzhu’ xingxiang de jiangou.” Shihezi daxue xuebao (zhexue shehui kexue ban) 29, no. 3 (2015): 9398.Google Scholar
Ch’i-ch’ing, Hsiao. “Lun Yuandai Menggu semuren de Hanhua yu shirenhua.” Rpt. in Ch'i-ch'ing, Hsiao, Yuandai de zuqun wenhua yu keju. Taibei: Lianjing, 2008, pp. 5584.Google Scholar
Ch’i-ch’ing, Hsiao. “Meng Yuan shidai Gaochang Xieshi de shihuan yu Hanhua.” In Zhongguo jinshi jiazu yu shehui xueshu yantaohui lunwenji, edited by Zhongyang yanjiuyuan Lishi yuyan yanjiusuo chubanpin bianji weiyuanhui. Taibei: Zhongyang yanjiuyuan lishi yuyan yanjiusuo, 1998, pp. 263–99. Rpt. in Hsiao Ch'i-ch'ing, Yuanchaoshi xinlun. Taibei: Yunchen wenhua, 1999, pp. 243–97.Google Scholar
Ch’i-ch’ing, Hsiao. “Mid-Yuan Politics.” In CHC 6: 490–560.Google Scholar
Ch’i-ch’ing, Hsiao. “Yuanji semuren renshi de shehui gangluo: yi Xie Bailiaoxun qingnian shidai wei zhongxin.” Zhongyang yanjiuyuan lishi yuyan yanjiusuo jikan 74, no. 1 (2003): 6595. Rpt. in Hsiao Ch'i-ch'ing, Yuandai de zuqun wenhua yu keju. Taibei: Lianjing, 2008, pp. 85–115.Google Scholar
Ch’i-ch’ing, Hsiao. “Yuan Ming zhiji de Menggu semu yimin.” In Qingzhu Deng Guangming jiaoshou jiushi huadan lunwenji, edited by Deng Guangming jiaoshou jiushi huadan lunwenji bianweihui. Shijiazhuang: Hebei jiaoyu chubanshe, 1997, pp. 103–21. Rpt. in Hsiao Ch'i-ch'ing, Yuanchaoshi xinlun. Taibei: Yunchen wenhua, 1999, pp. 119–54.Google Scholar
Guangrui, Hu. “Zaikao Heicheng suochu F116: W115 hao tidiao nongsang wenjuan.” Xi Xia yanjiu 1 (2012): 8188.Google Scholar
Xiaopeng, Hu. “Yuan Gansu xingsheng zhu yidao kao.” Xibei shidi 4 (1997): 4046.Google Scholar
Xiaopeng, Hu. “Yuandai Hexi zhuwang yu Gansu xingsheng guanxi shulun.” Gansu shehui kexue 3 (1992): 7074, 83.Google Scholar
Zhongda, Hu. “Ming yu Bei Yuan–Menggu guanxi zhi tantao.” Neimenggu shehui kexue 5 (1984): 4455.Google Scholar
Derong, Huang. “Yunnan faxian de Bei Yuan Xuanguang jinian wenwu ji xiangguan wenti.” Dali xueyuan xuebao 5, no. 11 (2006): 1015.Google Scholar
Jin, Huang. “Song Cheng zhuan.” In Huang Ming kai kuo gong chen lu. Rpt. in MZZC, vol. 39.Google Scholar
Zhangjian, Huang. “Du Mingkan Yuqing xunyiji suozai Ming Taizu yu Wudinghou Guo Ying chishu.” Zhongyang yanjiuyuan lishi yuyan yanjiusuo jikan 34, no. 2 (1962). Rpt. in Huang Zhangjian, Ming Qingshi yanjiu conggao. Taibei: Taiwan shangwu yinshuguan, 1977, pp. 142–53.Google Scholar
Hung, William. “Transmission of the Book Known as The Secret History of the Mongols.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 14, no. 3/4 (1951): 433–92.Google Scholar
Hiroshi, Ikeuchi. “Gen no Seiso to Tanratō.” Tōyō gakuhō 16.1 (1926). Rpt. in Ikeuchi Hiroshi, Mansenshi kenkyū, Chūsei daisansatsu. Rpt. Tokyo: Yoshikawa kōbunkan, 1963, pp. 103–9.Google Scholar
Hiroshi, Ikeuchi. Genkō no shinkenkyū. Tokyo: Tōyō bunko, 1931.Google Scholar
Institut vostokovedenii︠a︡ (Rossiĭskai︠a︡ akademii︠a︡ nauk). Sankt-Peterburgskiĭ filial, Zhongguo shehui kexueyuan, Minzu yanjiusuo, editors. Eluosi kexueyuan dongfang yanjiusuo Sheng Bidebao fensuo cang Heishuicheng wenxian. Shanghai: Shanghai guji chubanshe, 1996–2006.Google Scholar
Susumu, Ishii. “The Decline of the Kamakura Bakufu.” In The Cambridge History of Japan Volume 3 Medieval Japan, edited by Yamamura, Kozo. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990, pp. 128–74.Google Scholar
Kōji, Itō. “Higashi Ajia o matagu Zenshū sekai.” In Wakō to “Nihon kokuō,” edited by Yasunori, Arano, Matoshi, Ishii, and Shōsuke, Murai. Tokyo: Yoshikawa kōbunkan, 2010, pp. 3056.Google Scholar
Kōji, Itō. “Gaikō to Zensō: Higashi Ajia kōtsūken ni okeru Zensō no yakuwari.” Chūgoku shakai bunka gakkai 24 (2009): 4170.Google Scholar
Matsu, Itō. Rinkō shōsho. Rpt. Shanghai: Shanghai cishu chubanshe, 2007.Google Scholar
Shegiki, Iwai. “DaiShin teikoku to dengoku no shirushi.” Ajia no yūgaku 56 (2003): 3343.Google Scholar
Jackson, Peter. The Delhi Sultan Sultanate. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Jackson, Peter. “The Dissolution of the Mongol Empire.” Central Asiatic Journal 22 (1978): 186244.Google Scholar
Jackson, Peter. “From Ulus to Khanate: The Making of Mongol State, c. 1220–1290.” In The Mongol Empire and Its Legacy, edited by Amitai-Preiss, Reuven and Morgan, David. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 1999, pp. 1238.Google Scholar
Jackson, Peter. “Mongol Khans and Religious Allegiance: The Problems of Confronting a Minister-Historian in Ilkhanid Iran.” Iran XLVII (2009): 109–22.Google Scholar
Jackson, Peter. “The Mongols and the Delhi Sultanate in the Reign of Muḥammad Tughluq (1325–1352).” Central Asiatic Journal 19 (1975): 118–57. Rpt. in Jackson, Studies on the Mongol Empire. Farnham, VT, 2009.Google Scholar
Jackson, Peter. Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2017.Google Scholar
Jackson, Peter. “Muslim India: The Delhi Sultanate.” In New Cambridge History of Islam, Volume 3, edited by Morgan, David and Reid, Anthony. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010, pp. 100–27.Google Scholar
Jang, Scarlett. “The Eunuch Agency Directorate of Ceremonial and the Ming Imperial Publishing Enterprise.” In Culture, Courtiers, and Competition: The Ming Court (1368–1644), edited by Robinson, David. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2008, pp. 116–85.Google Scholar
Shujing, Jiang. See Cao Yongnian. “Du ‘Mingchao yu Bei Yuan–Menggu guanxi zhi tantao.’Neimenggu shehui kexue 2 (1985): 2629.Google Scholar
Xiao, Jin. “Bei Yuan kehan quanli shuairuo de shentan.” Yuwen xuekan 12 (2012): 6667.Google Scholar
Youzi, Jin (1368–1431). Bei zheng lu, in GCDG, vol. 1.Google Scholar
Yuanshan, Jin and Hongyi, Dai. “Mingchu Zhu Yuanzhang dui Bei Yuan de zhengce.” Neimenggu shehui kexue 2 (1994): 7579.Google Scholar
Jing, Anning. “Financial and Material Aspects of Tibetan Art under the Yuan Dynasty.” Artibus Asiae 64, no. 2 (2004): 213–40.Google Scholar
Jing, Anning. “The Portraits of Khubilai Khan and Chabi by Anige (1245–1306), a Nepali Artist at the Yuan Court.” Artibus Asiae 54, no. 1/2 (1994): 4086.Google Scholar
Johnston, Alastair. Cultural Realism: Strategic Culture and Grand Strategy in Chinese History. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1995.Google Scholar
Kadafar, Cemal. Between Two Worlds: The Construction of the Ottoman State. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995.Google Scholar
Motohiro, Kageki. “Minshi Chūyū Sosen Muitsu Kokkin kikoku yikō no NichiMin kankei.” Tōyō shihō 3 (1997): 3250.Google Scholar
Motohiro, Kageki. “Kōbuteiki Nicchū kankei kenkyū no dōkō to katei.” Tōyō shihō 2 (1996): 92109.Google Scholar
Ichirō, Kaizu. “‘Genkō,’ Wakō, Nihon kokuō.” In Nihonshi kōza: Chūsei shakai no kōzō, vol. 4, edited by Ichirō, Kaizu. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 2004, pp. 137.Google Scholar
Ichirō, Kaizu. Kamikaze to akutō no seiki: Nanboku jidai o yominaosu. Tokyo: Kōdansha gendai shinsho, 1995.Google Scholar
Ichirō, Kaizu. Mōko shūrai – taigai sensō no shakaishi. Tokyo: Yoshikawa kōbun, 1998.Google Scholar
Kaldellis, Anthony. The Byzantine Republic: People and Power in New Rome. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2015.Google Scholar
Kiichirō, Kanda. “Gen no Shōshū no nengō “Genkō” ni tsuite.” In Kiichirō, Kanda, Tōyōgaku setsurin. Tokyo: Shunbunkaku, 1948, 1974 printing, pp. 57–66.Google Scholar
Kang, David. East Asia Before the West: Five Centuries of Trade and Tribute. New York: Columbia University Press, 2010.Google Scholar
Man’ik, Kang. “Koryŏmal T’amma mokchang ŭi unyŏng kwa yŏnghyang.” T’amma munhwa 52 (2016): 67103.Google Scholar
Kaplonski, Christopher. “The Mongolian Impact on Eurasia: A Reassessment.” In The Role of Migration in the History of the Eurasian Steppe: Sedentary Civilization vs. “Barbarian” and Nomad, edited by Bell-Fialkoff, Andrew. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2000, pp. 251–74.Google Scholar
Kara, György. Books of the Mongolian Nomads: More Than Eight Centuries of Writing Mongolian. Translated from the Russian by Krueger, John. Bloomington, IN: Research Institute for Inner Asian Studies, 2005.Google Scholar
Kara, György. “L?inscription Mongole D?arug Prince De Yun-Nan (1340).” Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 17 (1964): 145–73.Google Scholar
Kastritsis, Dimitris. The Sons of Bayezid: Empire Building and Representation in the Ottoman Civil War of 1402–13. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2007.Google Scholar
Kauz, Ralph. Politik und Handel zwischen Ming und Timuriden: China, Iran und Zentralasien im Spätmittelalter. Wiesbaden: Reichert, 2005.Google Scholar
Yasuhiro, Kawagoe. Mindai Chūgoku no gigoku jiken: Ran Gyoku no goku to renza no hitobito. Tokyo: Fūkyōsha, 2002.Google Scholar
Shoji, Kawazoe and Hurst, Cameron. “Japan and East Asia.” In The Cambridge History of Japan Volume 3 Medieval Japan, edited by Yamamura, Kozo. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990, pp. 396446.Google Scholar
Khwāndamīr (Mir Ghiyassudin Muhammad Husayni). Tārīkh-i Habīb al-Siyar. Translated from Persion into English by Thackston, Wheeler. In Classical Writings of the Medieval Islamic World, Persian Histories of the Mongol Dynasties, Volume II. London: I. B. Tauris, 2012.Google Scholar
Hodong, Kim. “The Early History of the Moghul Nomads: The Legacy of the Chaghatai Khanate.” In The Mongol Empire and Its Legacy, edited by Amitai-Preiss, Reuven and Morgan, David. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 1999, pp. 290318.Google Scholar
Hodong, Kim. “Hwa’i yŏk’ŏ ŭi ‘Napmun pumasŏ’ e taehan chehaesŏk–14 segi huban Mogur hanguksa haemyŏng ŭi ilcharyo.” Art’ai hakpo 1 (1989): 1534.Google Scholar
Hodong, Kim. “Isŭrram seryok ŭi Tongjin kwa Hami wangguk ŭi morrak.” Chindan hakpo 76 (1993): 107–42.Google Scholar
Hodong, Kim. Mong’gol che’guk kwa Koryŏ K’ubillai chŏngwŏn ŭi t’ansaeng kwa Koryŏ ŭi chŏngch’ijok wisang. Seoul: Sŏul taehakkyo ch’ulp’anbu, 2007.Google Scholar
Hodong, Kim. “Mong’gol che’guk kwa Tae Wŏn.” Yŏksa hakpo 192 (2006): 221–53.Google Scholar
Hodong, Kim. “The Unity of the Mongol Empire and Continental Exchanges over Eurasia.” Journal of Central Asian Studies 1 (2009): 1542.Google Scholar
Hodong, Kim. “Was ‘Da Yuan’ a Chinese Dynasty?Journal of Song-Yuan Studies 45 (2015): 279306.Google Scholar
Kujin, Kim. “Wŏndae Yodong chibang ŭi Koryŏ kumnin.” In Yi Wŏnsun kyosu hwagap ki’nyŏn sahak nonch’ong, edited by Wŏnsun, Yi. Seoul: Kyohaksa, 1986, pp. 469–85.Google Scholar
Taemyŏng, Kim. “Koryŏ hugi Tonggung siwi kongja chedo ŭi pyŏnhwa.” Sahak yŏn’gu 112 (2013): 79112.Google Scholar
Tangt’aek, Kim. Wŏn kansŏpha ŭi Koryŏ chŏngch’isa. Seoul: Ilchogak, 1998.Google Scholar
Yangsŏp, Kim. “Wŏnmal Myŏngch’o Kŭmhwa hakp’a ŭi chŏngt’ong kwan’yŏm–Myŏngjo ŭi kŏnsŏl mit hwangjesang ŭi chŏngnip kwa kwannyŏn hayŏ.” Chungyang saron 20 (2004): 102–41.Google Scholar
Bunkyō, Kin. “Kōrai no bunjin kanryō: Ri Seiken no Genchō ni okeru katsudō.” In Chūgoku Ajia gaikō kōryū no kenkyū, edited by Susumu, Fuma. Kyoto: Kyōto daigaku gakujutsu shuppankai, 2007, pp. 118–44.Google Scholar
Hyeyǒng, Ko. “Pang Sin’u so’non.” In Yǒksa wa in’gan ǔi taeǔng: Ko Pyǒng’ik sǒnsaeng hoegap kinyǒm sahak nonch’ong, edited by Ko Pyŏng’ik sŏnsaeng hoegap kinyŏm sahak nonch’ong kanhaeng wiwŏnhoe, Seoul: Hanul, 1984, pp. 753–69.Google Scholar
Kolbas, Judith. “Historical Epic as Mongol Propaganda? Juwaynī’s Motifs and Motives.” In The Mongols’ Middle East: Continuity and Transformation in Ilkhanid Iran, edited by De Nicola, Bruno and Melville, Charles. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2016, pp. 155–71.Google Scholar
Komaroff, Linda. “The Epigraphy of Timurid Coinage: Some Preliminary Remarks.” Museum Notes (American Numismatic Society) 31 (1986): 207–32.Google Scholar
Komaroff, Linda and Carboni, Stefano, editors. The Legacy of Genghis Khan: Courtly Art and Culture in Western Asia, 1256–1353. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art; New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2002.Google Scholar
Kong, Deyi and Hongying, Zhang. “Heishuicheng wenshu suojian Yuandai Yijinailu jumin huodong kongjian.” Ningxia shehui kexue 5 (2016): 190–94.Google Scholar
Kotwicz, Wladyslaw. “Formules initiales des documents Mongols aux XIIIe et XIVe ss.” Rocznik Orjentalislyczny 10 (1934): 129–57.Google Scholar
Kramarovsky, Mark. “Conquerors and Craftsmen: Archeology of the Golden Horde.” In Genghis Khan and the Mongol Empire, edited by Fitzhugh, William, Rossabi, Morris, and Honeychurch, William. Media: Dino Don; Mongolian Preservation Foundation; Washington, DC: Arctic Studies Center, Smithsonian Institution, 2009, pp. 181–89.Google Scholar
Kramarovsky, Mark. “Culture of the Golden Horde and the Problem of the ‘Mongol Legacy.’” In Rulers from the Steppe: State Formation on the Eurasian Periphery, edited by Seaman, Gary and Marks, Daniel. Los Angeles: Ethnographics Press, University of Southern California, pp. 255–73.Google Scholar
Kumar, Sunil. “Courts, Capitals, and Kingship: Delhi and Its Sultans in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries CE.” In Court Cultures in the Muslim World: Seventh to Nineteenth Centuries, edited by Fuess, Albrecht and Hartung, Jan-Peter. London and New York: Routledge, 2011, pp. 123–48.Google Scholar
Kumar, Sunil. “The Ignored Elites: Turks, Mongols and a Persian Secretarial Class in the Early Delhi Sultanate.” In Modern Asian Studies, 43, no. 1 (2009): 4577.Google Scholar
Norio, Kuribayashi. “Nihon kokuō Ryōkai no kenshi ni tsuite.” Bunkyō daigaku kyōiku gakubu kiyō 13 (1979): 113.Google Scholar
Toshio, Kuroda and Rambelli, Fabio. “The Discourse on the ‘Land of Kami’ (Shinkoku) in Medieval Japan: National Consciousness and International Awareness.” Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 23, no. 3/4 (1996): 353–85.Google Scholar
Kychanov, E. I. “Preface.” Translated by Dunnell, Ruth, pp. 1–25; ?Qianyan? (Chinese translation). In EHWX, vol. 1, pp. 1–17.Google Scholar
Fai, Kwok Ka. “Lun Li Shanchang an de xingcheng yu xingzhi–cong Zhaoshi jiandanglu de chonggou qieru fenxi.” Mingdai yanjiu 29 (2017): 4795.Google Scholar
Lam, Yuan-chu. “Notions behind Reconciliatory Attempts in the Hung-Wu Period of Ming China.” In Proceedings of the 35th Permanent International Altaistic Conference, September 12–17, 1992, edited by Ch’en, Chieh-hsien. Taibei: Center for Chinese Studies Materials, United Daily News Foundation, 1993, pp. 247–59.Google Scholar
Landa, Ishaya. “Imperial Sons-in-Law on the Move: Oyirad and Qonggirad Dispersion in Mongol Eurasia.” Archivum Eurasiae Medii Aevi 22 (2016): 161–98.Google Scholar
Landa, Ishaya. “Oirats in the Ilkhanate and the Mamluk Sultanate in the Thirteenth to the Early Fifteenth Centuries: Two Cases of Assimilation into the Muslim Environment.” Mamluk Studies Review 19 (2016): 149–91.Google Scholar
Lane, George. “Arghun Aqa: Mongol Bureaucrat.” Iranian Studies 32, no. 4 (1999): 459–82.Google Scholar
Lane, George. “Persian Notable and the Families Who Underpinned the Ilkhanate.” In Nomads as Agents of Cultural Change: The Mongols and Their Eurasian Predecessors, edited by Amitai, Reuven and Biran, Michal. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i, 2015, pp. 182227.Google Scholar
Langlois, John. “The Hungwu Reign.” CHC 7: 107–81.Google Scholar
Langlois, John. “Song Lian and Liu Ji in 1358 on the Eve of Joining Zhu Yuanzhang.” Asia Major, Third Series, XXII, Part 1 (2009): 131–62.Google Scholar
Legge, James. The Chinese Classics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1893–95; rpt., Taibei: Southern Materials Centers, 1983, 4 vols.Google Scholar
Legge, James. The Ch’un Ts’ew. In Legge, James, The Chinese Classics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1893–95. Rpt., Taibei: Southern Materials Center, 1983. 4 vols.Google Scholar
Legge, James. Confucian Analects. In Legge, James, The Chinese Classics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1893–95. Rpt., Taibei: Southern Materials Center, 1983. 4 vols.Google Scholar
Legge, James. The Li Kî. In the Sacred Books of China: The Texts of Confucianism. Part IV. Part of The Sacred Books of the East Series, edited by Max Müller, F., vol. XXVIII. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1885.Google Scholar
Legge, James. The She King. In Legge, James, The Chinese Classics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1893–95. Rpt. Taibei: Southern Materials Center, 1983. 4 vols.Google Scholar
Legge, James. The Shoo King. In Legge, James, The Chinese Classics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1893–95. Rpt. Taibei: Southern Materials Center, 1983. 4 vols.Google Scholar
Nap-yin, Lau and K’uan-chung, Huang. “Founding and Consolidation of the Sung Dynasty under T’ai-tsu (906–976), T’ai-tsung (976–997), and Chen-tsung (997–1022).” In CHC 5: 206–78.Google Scholar
Lentz, Thomas and Glenn, Lowry. Timur and the Princely Vision: Persian Art and Culture in the Fifteenth Century. Los Angeles: Los Angeles County Museum of Art, 1989.Google Scholar
Gertraude Roth, Li. “State Building before 1644.” In CHC, vol. 9, pt. 1, edited by Willard J. Peterson. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 9–72.Google Scholar
Caoya, Liang. “Yuanmo Mingchu Jiangnan diqu zhishi fenzi de ‘shi’ yu ‘yin’ guannian tanyan.” In Zhao Lingyang (Chiu Ling-yeong) jiaoshou shangxiang jiangxue wushi zhounian jinian lunwenji, edited by Yin, Lee Cheuk, et al. Hong Kong: Zhonghua shuju, 2015, pp. 85108.Google Scholar
Bozhong, Li. “Changes in Climate, Land, and Human Efforts: The Production of Wet-Field Rice in Jiangnang during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.” In Sediments of Time: Environment and Society in Chinese History, edited by Elvin, Mark and Ts’ui-jung, Liu. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998, pp. 447–84.Google Scholar
Cheng, Li and Lan, Huang. “Bei Yuan yiwu jiqi xiangguan wenti de chubu tantao yu yanjiu.” Beifang wenwu 3 (1993): 2530.Google Scholar
Ling, Li. “Yuanmo Mingchu Bei Yuan yu Mingchao dui Hexi zoulang de zhengduo–Tianyuan yuannian ‘Yongchang dengchu xing shumiyuan duanshi guanyin’ ba.” Zhongyang minzu daxue xuebao (zhexue shehui kexueban) 2 (2016): 110–14.Google Scholar
Xinfeng, Li. Jishilu jianzheng. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 2015.Google Scholar
Xinfeng, Li. “Mingchu xungui paixi yu Hu Lan dang’an.” Zhongguoshi yanjiu 4 (2011): 145–58.Google Scholar
Xinfeng, Li. “Zailun Mingchu Yu Ben Jishilu de shiliao jiazhi.” Wenshi 2 (2014): 93111. Rpt. with minor changes as “Zhengli qianyan,” in Li Xinfeng, Jishilu jianzheng, pp. 1–39.Google Scholar
Xue, Li. “Bei Yuan, Menggu, Mingdai Menggu.” Neimenggu shida xuebao (zhexue shehui kexueban) 3 (1996): 114–17.Google Scholar
Yiyou, Li. Heicheng chutu wenshu Hanwen wenshu juan. Beijing: Kexue chubanshe, 1991.Google Scholar
Yiyou, Li. “Yuan Yingchanglu gucheng diaochaji.” Kaogu 10, no. 15 (1961): 531–33, 554.Google Scholar
Zhian, Li. “Make boluo suoji Naiyan zhi luan kaoshi.” Yuanshi luncong 8 (2001): 3345.Google Scholar
Zhian, Li. Yuandai fenfeng zhidu yanjiu (zengdingben). Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 2007.Google Scholar
Zhian, Li. “Yuandai Yunnan Menggu zhuwang wenti kaocha.” Sixiang zhanxian 3 (1990): 7178.Google Scholar
Zhian, Li. Yuandai zhengzhi zhidu yanjiu. Beijing: Renmin chubanshe, 2003.Google Scholar
Qiyuan, Lian. “Chuanbo yu kongjian: Mingdai guanfang gaoshi changsuo jiqi chuanbo texing.” Mingdai yanjiu 9 (2006): 134.Google Scholar
Caoya, Liang. See Leung Cho Nga.Google Scholar
Zhisheng, Liang. “Hongwu ershiliunian yiqian de Shaanxi xingdusi.” Zhongguo lishi dili luncong 3 (1993): 165–75.Google Scholar
Lindner, Rudi. “The Forging of Ottoman Independence.” In Explorations in Ottoman Prehistory, edited by Lindner, Rudi. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, 2007, pp. 81101.Google Scholar
Lindner, Rudi. “How Mongol Were the Early Ottomans?” In The Mongol Empire and Its Legacy, edited by Amitai-Preiss, Reuven and Morgan, David. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 1999, pp. 282–89.Google Scholar
Chaomin, Lin. “Yuanchao zhengMian lu jianzheng.” In Xinan guji yanjiu, edited by Chaomin, Lin. Kunming: Yunnan daxue chubanshe, 2006, pp. 111.Google Scholar
Fengjiang, Lin. “Zhu Yuanzhang shalu gongchen yuanxun lingyi.” Qiushi xuekan 4 (1995): 100–3.Google Scholar
You, Lin. Tiantai Lin gong fu xian sheng wen ji. Rpt. in SKCM, ji 27.Google Scholar
You, Lin. Tiantai Lin gong fu xian sheng wen ji. Kangxi period manuscript held in Seikadō Bunko Collection, Tokyo, Japan; Hishi copy held at Princeton East Asian Library.Google Scholar
Changjiang, Liu. “Lan Yu dang’an chengyin xinxi.” Chuandong xuekan (shehui kexueban) 5, no. 1 (1995): 4246, 106.Google Scholar
Ji, Liu (1311–75). Liu Bowen ji. Hangzhou: Zhejiang guji chubanshe, 2011.Google Scholar
Ji, Liu. Bei xun si ji. Rpt. in MMHJ, vol. 1, pp. 1–7.Google Scholar
Pujiang, Liu. “Yuan Ming geming de minzu zhuyi xiangxiang.” Zhongguoshi yanjiu 3 (2014): 79100.Google Scholar
Xia, Liu (1314–70). Liu Shang bin wen ji. Rpt. in XXSK 1326.Google Scholar
Yachao, Liu. “Shiping Luchuan de xingshuai.” Yunnan minzu xueyuan xuebao (1983): 61–65.Google Scholar
Yingsheng, Liu. “Bai Aerxintai jiqi chushi.” In Yilangxue zai Zhongguo lunwenji, edited by Yiliang, Ye. 1998, vol. 2, pp. 63–75. Rpt. in Zhongya xuekan 6 (2002). Rpt. in Liu Yingsheng, Hailu yu lulu. Beijing: Beijing daxue chubanshe, 2011, pp. 309–33.Google Scholar
Zhijie, Liu. “Lan Yu junlü jiqi jiazu kaobian.” Jishou daxue xuebao 3 (1994): 102–4.Google Scholar
Zhiyi, Liu. “Yuan Yingchanglu yizhi.” Neimenggu wenwu kaogu 6 (1984): 113–18.Google Scholar
Loewe, Michael. “The Former Han Dynasty.” In CHC 1: 103–222.Google Scholar
Lorge, Peter. The Reunification of China: Peace through War under the Song Dynasty. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015.Google Scholar
Ren, Lu. “Mingchao de guojia jiangyuguan jiqi Mingchu zai Xinan bianjiang de shijian.” Yunnan shifan daxue xuebao 42, no. 5 (2010): 2836Google Scholar
Ren, Lu. “Yuandai xinan bianjiang yu Luchuan shili xingqi de diyuan zhengzhi.” Zhongguo bianjiang shidi yanjiu 18, no. 3 (2008): 5565.Google Scholar
Jinglin, . “Lan Yu dang’an kao.” Dongyue luncong 5 (1994): 100–5, 26.Google Scholar
Fuyi, Luo. “Bei Yuan guanyin kao.” Gugong bowuyuan yuankan 1 (1979): 3438.Google Scholar
Fuyi, Luo. Gugong bowuyuan cang guxiyin xuan. Beijing: Wenwu chubanshe, 1982.Google Scholar
Junqi, Ma. “Xi Tiemuer Shang Ming Taizu biao.” Guizhou shifan daxue xuebao (shehui kexueban) 3 (1990): 2529.Google Scholar
Shunping, Ma. “Bei Yuan ‘Xuan guang er nian Gansu deng chu Xing zhong shu sheng Yijinai fen sheng zi wen’ kaoshi.” Neimenggu daxue xuebao (zhexue shehui kexueban) 40, no. 2 (2008): 3236.Google Scholar
Shunping, Ma. “Hongwu wunian Ming Meng zhanzheng xilu zhanyi yanjiu.” Zhongguo bianjiang minzu yanjiu 3 (2010): 612.Google Scholar
Shunping, Ma. “Ming Taizu chuanshi fashu kao.” Zhongguo guojia bowuguan guankan 2 (2013): 99110.Google Scholar
Shunping, Ma. “Ming Taizu yubi kao.” Zhongguo guojia bowuguan guankan 6 (2012): 7687.Google Scholar
Shunping, Ma. “Mingdai Shaanxi xingdusi jiqi weisuo jianzhi kaoshi.” Zhongguo lishi dili luncong 2 (2008): 109–17.Google Scholar
Masaaki, Maesako. “Min Taiso no jōhō shūshū to minshū tōchi ni kansuru ichi kōsatsu.” In Mindaishi ronshū: Sakuma Shigeo sensei beiju kinen, edited by Shigeo, Sakuma and Hiroshi, Okuzaki. Tokyo: Kyūko shoin, 2002, pp. 281–97.Google Scholar
Eiji, Mano. “Amīru Teimūr Kyuregen – Teimūr ke no keifu to Teimūr no tachiba.” Toyoshi kenkyū 34, no. 4 (1976): 591615.Google Scholar
Eiji, Mano. “Jūgo jūroku seiki chūō Ajia ni okeru kunshin girei.” Tōhōgaku 109 (2005): 122.Google Scholar
Eiji, Mano. “Jūgo seiki shoto no Mōgūrisutān–Buai” han no jidai.” Tōyōshi kenkyū 23, no. 1 (1964): 127.Google Scholar
Eiji, Mano. “Moghūlistān.” Acta Asiatica 34 (1978): 4660.Google Scholar
Senryū, Mano. Mindai bunkashi kenkyū, Kyoto: Dōhōsha, 1979.Google Scholar
Senryū, Mano. “Mindai rekichō jitsuroku no seiritsu.” In Mindai Man-Mōshi kenkyū, edited by Jitsuzō, Tamura. Kyoto: Kyōto daigaku bungakubu, 1963, pp. 172.Google Scholar
Manz, Beatrice Forbes. “Development and Meaning of Chaghatay Identity.” In Muslims in Central Asia: Expressions of Identity and Change, edited by Gross, Jo-Ann. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1992, pp. 2745.Google Scholar
Manz, Beatrice Forbes. “The Empire of Tamerlane as an Adaptation of the Mongol Empire: An Answer to David Morgan, ‘The Empire of Tamerlane: An Unsuccessful Re-Run of the Mongol State?’” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Series 3, 26, 1–2 (2016): 281–91.Google Scholar
Manz, Beatrice Forbes. “Johannes Schiltberger and Other Outsider Sources on the Timurids.” In España y el Oriente islámico entre los siglos XV y XVI (Imperio Otomano, Persia y Asia Central. Actas del congreso Università degli Studi di Napoli “l’Orientale” Nápoles 30 de septiembre-2 de octubre de 2004, edited by García, Sánchez, Asuero, Pablo Martín, and Bernardini, Michele. Istanbul: Editorial Isis, 2007, pp. 5162.Google Scholar
Manz, Beatrice Forbes. “Military Manpower in Late Mongol and Timurid Armies.” Les Cahiers d’Asie central 3, no. 4 (2005): 4355.Google Scholar
Manz, Beatrice Forbes. “Mongol History, Rewritten and Relived.” Revue du monde musulman et de la Méditteranée (2001): 129–49.Google Scholar
Manz, Beatrice Forbes. Power, Politics and Religion in Tumurid Iran. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.Google Scholar
Manz, Beatrice Forbes. Rise and Rule of Tamerlane. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.Google Scholar
Manz, Beatrice Forbes. “Tamerlane and the Symbolism of Sovereignty.” Iranian Studies 21, no. 1/2 (1988): 105–22.Google Scholar
Manz, Beatrice Forbes. “Tamerlane’s Career and Its Uses.” Journal of World History 13, no. 1 (2002): 125.Google Scholar
Manz, Beatrice Forbes. “Temür and the Problem of a Conqueror’s Legacy.” Journal of Royal Asiatic Studies Series 3, 8, no. 1 (1998): 2141.Google Scholar
Martin, Janet. Medieval Russia 980–1584, second edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.Google Scholar
Martin, Janet. “The Novokshcheny of Novgorod: Assimilation in the 16th Century.” Central Asian Survey 9, no. 2 (1990): 1338.Google Scholar
Martin, Janet. “Tatars in the Muscovite Army during the Livonian War.” In The Military and Society in Russia 1450–1917, edited by Lohr, Eric and Poe, Marshall. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2002, pp. 365–87.Google Scholar
Martin, Janet. “Tatar Pomeshchiki in Muscovy (1560s–1570s).” In The Place of Russia in Eurasia, edited by Szvák, Gyula. Budapest: Magyar Ruszisztikai Intézet, 2001, pp. 114–20.Google Scholar
Martinez, Arsenio Peter. “Institutional Development, Revenues, and Trade.” In CHIA, pp. 89–108.Google Scholar
Maspero, Henri and Stein, Aurel. Les documents chinois: de la troisième expédition de Sir Aurel Stein en Asie Centrale. London: Trustees of the British Museum, 1953.Google Scholar
Massey, Thomas. “Chu Yuan-chang and the Hu-Lan Cases of the Early Ming Dynasty.” Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Michigan, 1983.Google Scholar
Masuya, Tomoko. “Ilkhanid Courtly Life.” In Legacies of Ghenghis Khan: Courtly Art and Culture in Western Asia, 1256–1353, edited by Komaroff, Linda and Carboni, Stefano. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art; New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2002, pp. 74103.Google Scholar
Masuya, Tomoko. “Seasonal Capitals with Permanent Buildings in the Mongol Empire.” In Turko-Mongol Rulers, Cities, and City Life, edited by Durand-Guédy, David. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2013, pp. 223–56.Google Scholar
May, Timothy. The Mongol Conquests in World History. London: Reaktion Books Ltd., 2012.Google Scholar
McCausland, Shane. The Mongol Century: Visual Cultures of Yuan China, 1271–1368. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 2015.Google Scholar
McChesney, R. D. “The Chinggisid Restoration in Central Asia: 1500–1785.” In CHIA, pp. 277–302.Google Scholar
McChesney, R. D.A Note on the Life and Works of Ibn ʿArabshah.” In History and the Middle East: Studies in Honor of John E. Woods, edited by Pfeiffer, Judith and Quinn, Sholeh. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2006, pp. 205–49.Google Scholar
Melville, Charles. “Abu Sa’id and the Revolt of the Amirs in 1319.” In L’Iran face `a la domination mongole, edited by Aigle, Denise. Tehhran: IFRI, 1997, pp. 89120.Google Scholar
Melville, Charles. “The End of the Ilkhanate and After: Observations on the Collapse of the Mongol World Empire.” In The Mongols’ Middle East: Continuity and Transformation in Ilkhanid Iran, edited by de Nicola, Bruno and Melville, Charles. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2016, pp. 309–35.Google Scholar
Melville, Charles. “History and Myth: The Persianization of Ghazan Khan.” Irano-Turkic Cultural Contacts in the 11th–17th Centuries, edited by Jeremiás, Éva. Piliscsaba: The Avicenna Institute of Middle Eastern Studies, 2003, pp. 133–60.Google Scholar
Melville, Charles. “The Itineraries of Sultan Öljeitü, 1304–16.” Iran 28 (1990): 55–70.Google Scholar
Melville, Charles. “The Keshig in Iran: The Survival of the Royal Mongol Household.” In Beyond the Legacy of Genghis Khan, edited by Komaroff, Linda. Leiden and Boston: E. J. Brill, 2006, pp. 135–64.Google Scholar
Mencius, . Mencius. Translated by Lau, D. C.. London and New York: Penguin Books, 1970, rpt. 1983.Google Scholar
Fanqing, Meng. “Manyi Yuan Zhongdu de xingshuai.” Wenwu chunqiu 3 (1998): 3438.Google Scholar
Xianfeng, Meng. “‘Wohuan’ yu Mingqianqi ZhongRi guanxi tanxi.” Lishi jiaoxue 24 (2013): 2430.Google Scholar
Millward, James. “Eastern Central Asia (Xinjiang): 1300–1800.” In CHIA, pp. 260–77.Google Scholar
Millward, James. “The Qing Formation, the Mongol Legacy, and the ‘End of History’ in Early Modern Central Eurasia.” In The Qing Formation in World-History Time, edited by Struve, Lynn. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2004, pp. 92120.Google Scholar
Hyŏn’gu, Min. Koryŏ chŏngch’isa non. Seoul: Koryŏ taehakkyo ch’ulp’anbu, 2004.Google Scholar
shilu, Ming. 1418–Mid-17th Century. Rpt. Taibei: Zhongyang yanjiuyuan li yuyan yanjiusuo, 1961–66, 133 volumes.Google Scholar
Noriko, Miya. Mongoru jidai no shuppan bunka. Nagoya: Nagoya daigaku shuppankai, 2006.Google Scholar
Junko, Miyawaki. “Mongoru-Oiratto kankeishi–jūsan seiki kara jūshichi seiki made.” Ajia Afulika gengo bunka kenkyū 25 (1983): 150–92.Google Scholar
Junko, Miyawaki. “The Legitimacy of Khanship among the Oyirad (Kalmyk) Tribes in Relation to the Chinggisid Principle.” In The Mongol Empire and Its Legacy, edited by Amitai-Preiss, Reuven and Morgan, David O.. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 1999, pp. 319–31.Google Scholar
Morgan, David. “Empire of Tamerlane: An Unsuccessful Re-Run of the Mongol State?” In The Medieval State: Essays Presented to James Campbell, edited by John, Maddicott, Palliser, D. M., and Campbell, James. London: Hambledon Press, 2000, pp. 233–41.Google Scholar
Masao, Mori. “The T’u-chüeh Concept of Sovereign.” Acta Asiatica 41 (1981): 4775.Google Scholar
Masahiko, Morihira. “Genchō keshike seido to Kōrai ōke: Kōrai-Genchō kankei ni okeru turghagh no igi ni kanren shite.” Shigaku zasshi 110, no. 2 (2001): 6089. Rpt. in Morihira Masahiko, Mongoru hakenka no Kōrai: Teikoku chitsujo to ōkoku no taiō. Nagoya: Nagoya daigaku shuppankai, 2013, pp. 147–201.Google Scholar
Tetsuo, Morikawa. “Dai Gen no kioku.” Hikaku shakai bunka: Kyūshū daigaku daigakuin hikaku shakai bunka gakufu kiyō 14 (2008): 6581.Google Scholar
Tetsuo, Morikawa. “Posutu-Mongoru jidai no Mongoru–Shinchō e no kakehashi.” In Iwanami kōza sekaishi II chūō Yūrasia no tōgō. Tokyo: Iwanami shoten, 1997, pp. 325–48.Google Scholar
Mosca, Matthew. “Empire and the Circulation of Frontier Intelligence: Qing Conceptions of the Ottomans.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 70, no. 1 (2010): 147207.Google Scholar
Mosca, Matthew. From Frontier Policy to Foreign Policy: The Question of India and the Transformation of Geopolitics in Qing China. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2015.Google Scholar
Mosca, Matthew. “The Qing Empire in the Fabric of Global History.” In The Prospect of Global History, edited by Belich, James, et al. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016, pp. 108–23.Google Scholar
Mosca, Matthew. “The Qing State and Its Awareness of Eurasian Interconnections, 1789–1806.” Eighteenth-Century Studies 47, no. 2 (2014): 103–16.Google Scholar
Mostaert, Antoine. Le matériél mongol du Houa i i iu de Houng-ou (1389). Mélanges chinois et bouddhiques 18, edited by Igor de Rachewiltz and Anthoy Schönbaum. Brussels: Institut Belge des hautes etudes chinoises. 1977–1995.Google Scholar
Mote, Frederick. “The Growth of Chinese Despotism: A Critique of Wittfogel’s Theory of Oriental Despotism as Applied to China.” Oriens Extremus 8 (1961): 141.Google Scholar
Mote, Frederick. Imperial China, 900–1800. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Mote, Frederick. The Poet Kao Ch’i. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1962.Google Scholar
Mote, Frederick. “The Rise of the Ming Dynasty, 1330–1367.” In CHC 7: 11–57.Google Scholar
Munkh-Erdene, Lhamsuren. “Where Did the Mongol Empire Come From? Medieval Mongol Ideas of People, State and Empire.” Inner Asia 13, no. 2 (2011) 211–37.Google Scholar
Shōsuke, Murai. Ajia no naka no chūsei Nihon. Tokyo: Azekura shobō, 1988. Third printing 1997.Google Scholar
Shōsuke, Murai. Bunretsu suru ōken to shakai, Nihon no chūsei 10. Tokyo: Chūō kōron shinsha, 2003.Google Scholar
Shōsuke, Murai. Chūsei Nihon no uchi to soto. Tokyo: Chikuma Shobō, 1999.Google Scholar
Shōsuke, Murai. Kokkyō o koete: Higashi Ajia kaiiki sekai no chūsei. Tokyo: Azekura Shobō, 1997.Google Scholar
Shōsuke, Murai. “Mōko shūrai to ibunka sesshoku.” In Monggol ŭi Koryŏ-Ilbon ch’imgong kwa Han-Il kwan’gye, edited by kigŭm, Han-Ilbon munhwa kyoryu and chaedan, Tongbuk’a yŏksa. Seoul: Kyŏng’in munhwasa, 2009, pp. 3155. It also appears in Wakō to “Nihon kokuō, edited by Arano Yasunori, Ishii Matoshi, and Murai Shōsuke. Tokyo: Yoshikawa kōbunkan, 2010, pp. 57–80.Google Scholar
Shōsuke, Murai. “Nanbokuchō no dōran.” In Nanbokuchō no dōran, Nihon no jidaishi, edited by Shōsuke, Murai. Tokyo: Yoshikawa kōbunkan, 2003, pp. 791.Google Scholar
Shōsuke, Murai. “Nichi-Gen kōtsū to Zenritsu bunka.” In Nanbokuchō no dōran, Nihon no jidaishi, edited by Shōsuke, Murai. Tokyo: Yoshikawa kōbunkan, 2003, pp. 210–56.Google Scholar
Shōsuke, Murai. Nihon chūsei no ibunka sesshoku. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 2013.Google Scholar
Shōsuke, Murai. “Ōto Ōmin shisō to 9 seiki no tenkan.” Shisō 847 (1995): 2345.Google Scholar
Shōsuke, Murai. Wakō to “Nihon kokuō.” In Wakō to “Nihon kokuō,” edited by Yasunori, Arano, Matoshi, Ishii, and Shōsuke, Murai. Tokyo: Yoshikawa kōbunkan, 2010, pp. 127.Google Scholar
Jirō, Murata. Kyoyōkan. Kyoto: Zauhō kankōkai, 1955, 1957.Google Scholar
Murray, Julia. “Didactic Picturebooks for Late Ming Emperors and Princes.” In Culture, Courtiers, and Competition: The Ming Court (1368-1644), edited by Robinson, David. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2008, pp. 231–68.Google Scholar
Takumi, Nagai. “Posuto teikokki no Mongoru-Chūgoku kankei.” In Mongorushi kenkyū genjō to tenbō, edited by Junichi, Yoshida. Tokyo: Akashi shoten, 2011, pp. 177–91. Translated into Chinese by Ding Jun as “Houteiguoqi de Ming Meng guanxi.” Yuanshi ji minzu yu bianjiang yanjiu jikan 28 (2014): 201–20.Google Scholar
Nagel, Eva. “A Secretary’s Seal of the Ministry of Revenue Issued in April 1372.” In Qara Qorum-City (Mongolia) I. Preliminary Report of the Excavations 2000–2001, edited by Roth, Helmut and Erdenebat, Ulambayar; coedited by Pohl, Ernst and Nagel, Eva. Volume 1 of Bonn Contributions to Asian Archeology, second revised and enlarged edition. Bonn: Institute of Pre- and Early Historical Archeology, 2009, pp. 5985.Google Scholar
Nobutaka, Nakamachi. “The Rank and Status of Military Refugees in the Mamluk Army: A Reconsideration of the Wāfīdīya.” Mamluk Studies Review 10, no. 1 (2006): 5581.Google Scholar
Jun, Nakamura. “Gendai Daito no chokukenjiin o megutte.” Tōyōshi kenkyū 58, no. 1 (1999): 6383.Google Scholar
Newby, Laura. The Empire and the Khanate: A Political History of Qing Relations with Koqand c. 1760–1860. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2005.Google Scholar
Nian, Xu.Minsho chōkō taisei to Nihon to ichi.” Higashi Ajia bunka kōshō kenkyū 10 (2017): 593617.Google Scholar
Jianqiang, Niu. “Ming Hongwuchu ZhongRi sengrenjian de wenhua jiaowang.” Xinan daxue xuebao (shehui kexueban) 33, no. 6 (2007): 6168.Google Scholar
Noack, Christian. “The Volga-Ural Region, Siberia and the Crimea under Russian Rule.” In CHIA, pp. 303–30.Google Scholar
Hidehiro, Okada. “An Analysis of the Lament of Toγon Temür.” Zentralasiatische Studien 1 (1967): 5578.Google Scholar
Hidehiro, Okada. “Eshū hika no genryū.” Rpt. in Hideo, Okada, Mongoru teikoku kara daishin teikoku e. Tokyo: Fujiwara Shoten, 2010, pp. 183200.Google Scholar
Hidehiro, Okada. “Life of Dayan Qaghan.” Acta Asiatica 11 (1966): 4655.Google Scholar
Hidehiro, Okada. “Mongol Chronicles and Chinggisid Geneologies.” Journal of Asian and African Studies 27 (1984): 147–53.Google Scholar
Hidehiro, Okada. Mongoru teikoku kara daishin teikoku e. Tokyo: Fujiwara Shoten, 2010.Google Scholar
Norio, Okuyama. “Kōbuchō no Unnan heiteisen” parts one and two. Tōhō gakkai sōritsu gojū shūnen shisatsu 28 (1996). Revised and rpt. as “Unnan heiteisen to gunhi,” in Okuyama Norio, Mindai gunseishi kenkyū. Tokyo: Kyūko shoin, 2003, pp. 199–240.Google Scholar
Norio, Okuyama. “Mindai gunshi no kōryō ni tsuite.” Kokushikan daigaku bungakubu jinbun gakkai kiyō 23 (1990): 6778. Revised and rpt. in Okuyama Norio, Mindai gunseishi kenkyū. Tokyo: Kyūko shoin, 2003, pp. 297–314.Google Scholar
Hiroshi, Okuzaki. “Genmatsu sekihi ni okeru Hō Kokuchin no ran.” In Wada Hironori Kyōju koki kinen, MinShin jidai no hō to shakai, edited by MinShin jidai no hō to shakai henshū iinkai. Tokyo: Kyūko shoin, 1993, pp. 275–96.Google Scholar
Hiroshi, Okuzaki. “Hō Kokuchin no ran to wakō.” In Yamane Yukio kyōju taikyū kinen Mindashi ronsō, edited by Yukio, Yamane and Hiroshi, Okuzaki. Tokyo: Kyūko shoin, 1990, vol. 1, pp. 479–96.Google Scholar
hakubutsukan, Ōsaka shiritsu. Shaji sankei mandara. Tokyo: Heibonsha, 1987.Google Scholar
Kōki, Ōta. “Hachiman daibosatsu shinkō to ‘bahansen.’” In Kōki, Ōta, Wakō—shōgyō gunjishiteki kenkyū. Yokohama: Shumpusha, 2002, pp. 461–503.Google Scholar
Kōki, Ōta. Wakō – shōgyō gunjishiteki kenkyū. Yokohama: Shumpusha, 2002.Google Scholar
Ostrowski, Donald. Muscovy and the Mongols: Cross-Cultural Influences on the Steppe Frontier, 1304–1589. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.Google Scholar
Oyunbilig, . “Yifen Heishuicheng chutu Weiwu ti Mengguwen wenshu.” In Heishuicheng renwen yu huanjing yanjiu, edited by Shen, Weirong et al. Beijing: Zhongguo Renmin daxue chubanshe, 2007, pp. 604–11.Google Scholar
Sukhŭi, Pae. “Wŏnmal Myŏngch’o ŭi Unnam koWŏn huye ŭi Cheju yiju.” Tongyang sahak yŏn’gu 119 (2012): 197226.Google Scholar
Kyǒngja, Pak. “Kungnyǒ ch’ulsin Koryǒ yǒindǔl ǔi sarm.” Yǒksa wa tammon 55 (2010): 3364.Google Scholar
Wŏnho, Pak. Myŏng-ch’o Chosŏn kwan’gyesa yŏn’gu. Seoul: Ilchogak, 2002.Google Scholar
Woo, Pak Jae. “Early Koryŏ Political Institutions and the International Expansion of Tang and Song Institutions.” Korean Studies 41 (2017): 929.Google Scholar
Jie, Pan and Chaohui, Chen. “Heishuicheng chutu Yuandai Yijinai lu xuanguan wenshu.” Ningxia shehui kexue 3 (2009): 102–4.Google Scholar
Pelliot, Paul. Grottes de Touen-Houang: Carnet de notes de Paul Pelliot: inscriptions et peintures murales grottes XX. Paris: Collège de France Instituts d’Asie, 1981, vol. 3. Chinese translation by Geng Sheng. Boxihe Dunhuang shiku biji. Lanzhou: Gansu renmin chubanshe, revised edition, 2007.Google Scholar
Pelliot, Paul. “Les mots Mongols dans le Korye sa.” Journal Asiatique 207 (1930): 253–66.Google Scholar
Pfeiffer, Judith. “The Canonization of Cultural Memory: Ghāzān Khan, Rashīd al-Dīn, and the Construction of the Mongol Past.” In Rashīd al-Dīn: Agent and Mediator of Cultural Exchanges in Ilkhanid Iran, edited by Akasoy, Anna, Burnett, Charles, and Yoeli-Tialim, Ronit. Warburg Institute Colloquia 24. London: Warburg Institute, 2014, pp. 5770.Google Scholar
Piotrovsky, Mikhail, editor. Lost Empire of the Silk Road: Buddhist Art from Khara Khoto. Milano: Electa, 1993.Google Scholar
Pohl, Ernst. “The Excavations in the Craftsmen-Quarter of Karakorum (KAR-2) between 2000 and 2005–Stratigraphy and Architecture.” In Mongolian-German Karakorum Expedition, Volume 1, Excavations in the Craftsmen Quarter at the Main Road, edited by Bemmann, Jan, Erdenebat, Ulambayar, and Pohl, Ernst. Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag, 2010, pp. 63136.Google Scholar
Polo, Marco. The Travels. Translated by Latham, Ronald. London: Penguin Books, 1958.Google Scholar
Potter, Lawrence. “Herat under the Karts: Social and Political Forces.” In Views from the Edge: Essays in Honor of Richard W. Bulliet, edited by Yavari, Negin, Potter, Lawrence, and Oppenheim, Jean-Marie. New York: Columbia University Press, 2004, pp. 184207.Google Scholar
Wenying, Qi. “Ming Hongwu shiqi neiqian Mengguren bianxi.” Zhongguo bianjiang shidi yanjiu 14, no. 2 (2004): 5965.Google Scholar
Guxun, Qian, compiler. Annotated by Yingliang, Jiang. Baiyizhuan jiaozhu. Kunming: Renmin chubanshe, 1980.Google Scholar
Mu, Qian. “Du kaiguo zhenchen shiwenji xupian.” Zhonghua ribao fukan (1975). Rpt. in Qian Mu, Zhongguo xueshu sixiangshi luncong. Taibei: Dongda tushu gongsi, 1978; Rpt. Beijing: Sanlian shudian, 2009, vol. 6.Google Scholar
Mu, Qian. “Du kaiguo zhuchen shiwenji.” Xinya xuebao 6, no. 2 (1964): 245326. Rpt. in Qian Mu, Zhongguo xueshu sixiangshi luncong. Beijing: Sanlian shudian, 2009, vol. 6.Google Scholar
Qianyi, Qian (1582–1664). Guo chu qun xiong shi lüe. Rpt. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1982.Google Scholar
Zhai, Qian. See Suo Yuming.Google Scholar
Jintong, Qiao. “Yuandai de tongyin.” Wenwu 11 (1981): 74.Google Scholar
Shusen, Qiu. “Cong Heicheng chutu wenshu kan Yuan ‘Huihui hadisi’.” Nanjing daxue xuebao (zhexue renwen kexue shehui kexue) 3 (2001): 152–60.Google Scholar
Shushen, Qiu. Tuohuan Tiemuer zhuan. Changchun: Jilin jiaoyu chubanshe, 1991.Google Scholar
Quinn, Sholeh. “Notes on Timurid Legitimacy in Three Safavid Chronicles.” Iranian Studies 31, no. 2 (1998): 149–58.Google Scholar
Rajkai, Zsombor. “Early Fifteenth-Century Sino-Central Asian Relations: The Timurids and Ming China.” In Frontiers and Boundaries: Encounters on China’s Margins, edited by Rajkai, Zsombor and Bellér-Hann, Ildikó. Wiesbaden: Harrosowitz Verlag, 2012, pp. 87105.Google Scholar
Reichert, Susanne. “Craft Production in the Mongol Empire: Karakorum and its Artisans.” Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde der Philosophischen Fakultät der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Bonn, 2017.Google Scholar
Richards, J. F.The Formulation of Imperial Authority under Akbar and Jahangir.” In The Mughal State 1526–1750, edited by Alam, Muzaffar and Subrahmanyam, Sanjay. Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1998. Originally published in Kingship and Authority in South Asia. Madison: University of Wisconsin South Asian Studies, 1978, pp. 126–27.Google Scholar
Robinson, David. “Celebrating War with the Mongols.” In Why Mongolia Matters: War, Law, and Society, edited by Rossabi, Morris. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2017, pp. 105–28.Google Scholar
Robinson, David. “The Emperor?s Clothes.” In David Robinson, The Inner Eurasian Face of the Ming Court. Unpublished manuscript.Google Scholar
Robinson, David. Empire’s Twilight: Northeast Asia under the Mongols. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2009.Google Scholar
Robinson, David. “Justifying Ming Rulership on a Eurasian Stage.” In Ming China: Courts and Contacts, 1400–1450, edited by Clunas, Craig, Harrison-Hall, Jessica, and Yu-ping, Luk. London: British Museum Press, 2016, pp. 814.Google Scholar
Robinson, David. “Korea in the Mongol Empire.” In Cambridge History of the Mongol Empire, edited by Biran, Michal and Hodong, Kim. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, forthcomingGoogle Scholar
Robinson, David. Martial Spectacles of the Ming Court. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2013.Google Scholar
Robinson, David. “The Ming Court and the Legacy of the Yuan Mongols.” In Culture, Courtiers, and Competition, edited by Robinson, David. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2008, pp. 365421.Google Scholar
Robinson, David. “Mongolian Migration and Ming China.” Journal of Central Eurasian Studies 3 (2012): 109–29.Google Scholar
Robinson, David. “Princes in the Polity: The Anhua Prince’s Uprising of 1510.” Ming Studies 65 (2012): 14–57.Google Scholar
Robinson, David. “Rethinking the Late Koryŏ in an International Context.” Korean Studies 41 (2017): 7598. “Translating Authority.” Unpublished manuscript.Google Scholar
Robinson, David. “Why Military Institutions Matter for Ming History.” The Journal of Chinese History 2 (2017): 297327.Google Scholar
Robinson, David, editor. Culture, Courtiers, and Competition: The Ming Court (1368–1644). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2008.Google Scholar
Rogers, Daniel. “Ancient Cities of the Steppe.” In Genghis Khan and the Mongol Empire, edited by Fitzhugh, William, Rossabi, Morris, and Honeychurch, William. Media: Dino Don; Mongolian Preservation Foundation; Washington, DC: Arctic Studies Center, Smithsonian Institution, 2009, pp. 127–31.Google Scholar
Rogers, Daniel, et al.Urban Centres and the Emergence of Empires in Eastern Inner Asia.” Antiquity 79 (2005): 801–18.Google Scholar
Roemer, H. R.The Jalayirids, Muzaffarids, and Sarbadārs.” In Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 6, The Timurid and Safavid Periods, edited by Jackson, Peter and Lockhart, L.. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986, pp. 141.Google Scholar
Rösch, Manfred, Fischer, Elske, and Märkle, Tanja. “Human Diet and Land Use in the Time of the Khans–Archaeobotanical Research in the Capital of the Mongolian Empire, Qara Qorum, Mongolia.” Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 14, no. 4 (2005): 485–92.Google Scholar
Rossabi, Morris. Khubilai Khan. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988.Google Scholar
Rossabi, Morris. “Ming China and Turfan, 1406–1517.” Central Asiatic Journal 16, no. 3 (1972): 206–25. Rpt. in The Writings of Morris Rossabi: From Yuan to Modern China and Mongolia. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2014, pp. 39–58.Google Scholar
Rossabi, Morris. “Ming Foreign Policy: The Case of Hami.” In China and Her Neighbors: Borders, Visions of the Other, Foreign Policy 10th–19th Century, edited by Dabringhaus, Sabine and Ptak, Roderich. Wiesbaden: Harrassaowitz Verlag, 1997, pp. 7997. Rpt. in The Writings of Morris Rossabi: From Yuan to Modern China and Mongolia. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2014, pp. 19–37.Google Scholar
Rossabi, Morris. “The Ming and Inner Asia.” In CHC 8: 222–71.Google Scholar
Rossabi, Morris. “Ming Officials and Northwest China.” In Officials on the Chinese Borders, edited by Jagou, F.. Taipei: Academia Sinica, 2006. Rpt. in The Writings of Morris Rossabi: From Yuan to Modern China and Mongolia. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2014, pp. 89–107.Google Scholar
Rossabi, Morris. “Notes on Mongol Influences on the Ming Dynasty.” In Eurasian Influences on Yuan China, edited by Rossabi, Morris. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2013, pp. 202–7.Google Scholar
Kōji, Saeki. “Chinese Trade Ceramics in Medieval Japan.” In Tools of Culture: Japan’s Cultural, Intellectual, Medical, and Technological Contacts in East Asia, 1000–1500s, edited by Goble, Andrew, Robinson, Kenneth, and Wakabayashi, Haruko. Ann Arbor, MI: Association for Asian Studies, 2009, pp. 163–82.Google Scholar
Kōji, Saeki. “Nihon shinkō iko no Rai-Nichi kankei.” In Monggol ŭi Koryŏ-Ilbon ch’imgong kwa Han-Il kwan’gye, edited by kigŭm, Han-Ilbon munhwa kyoryu and chaedan, Tongbuk’a yŏksa. Seoul: Kyŏng’in munhwasa, 2009, pp. 260–74.Google Scholar
Kōji, Saeki. “Ōei no gaikō to Higashi Ajia.” Shien 147 (2010): 1737.Google Scholar
Shigeo, Sakuma. Nichi Min kankeishi no kenkyū. Tokyo: Yoshikawa kōbunkan, 1992.Google Scholar
Kira, Samosyuk. “Preface,” pp. 85–92; “Xuyan,” pp. 11–22, HSCYSP, vol. 1, pp. 85–92.Google Scholar
Sansom, George. A History of Japan, Volume Two: 1334–1615. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1958–1963. Rpt. Tokyo: Charles E. Tuttle, 1984.Google Scholar
Takayasu, Satō. “Xi Xia moqi Heishuicheng de zhuangkuang: cong liangjian Xi Xiawen wenshu tanqi.” Dunhuangxue jikan 1 (2013): 163–80.Google Scholar
Tetsutarō, Satō. Mōko shūrai ekotoba to Takezaki Suenaga no kenkyū. Tokyo: Kinseisha, 2005.Google Scholar
Schiltberger, Johann and Telfer, Buchan. The Bondage and Travels of Johann Schiltberger, in Europe, Asia, and Africa, 1396–1427, translated by Telfer, J. Buchan. London: Hakluyt Society, 1879. Rpt. New York: Burt Franklin, 1970.Google Scholar
Schlesinger, Jonathan. A World Trimmed with Fur: Wild Things, Pristine Places, and the Natural Fringes of the Qing Rule. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2017.Google Scholar
Schneewind, Sarah. Community Schools and the State in Ming China. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2006.Google Scholar
Schneewind, Sarah. “Visions and Revisons: Village Policies of the Ming Founder in Seven Phases.” T’oung Pao 87, no. 4/5 (2001): 317–59.Google Scholar
Schneewind, Sarah. A Tale of Two Melons: Emperor and Subject in Ming China. Indianapolis, IN: Hacket Publishing Company, Inc., 2006.Google Scholar
Schwieger, Peter. The Dalai Lama and the Emperor of China: A Political History of the Tibetan Institution of Reincarnation. New York: Columbia University Press, 2015.Google Scholar
Shūichi, Seki. “‘Chūka’ no saiken to Nanbokuchō nairan.” In Wakō to “Nihon kokuō,” edited by Yasunori, Arano, Matoshi, Ishii, and Shōsuke, Murai. Tokyo: Yoshikawa kōbunkan, 2010, pp. 81106.Google Scholar
Serruys, Henry. “The Dates of the Mongolian Documents in the Hua-i i-yu.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 17, no. 3/4 (1954): 419–27.Google Scholar
Serruys, Henry. “The Location of T’a-t’an, ‘Plain of The Tower.’ Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 19, no. 1/2 (1956): 5266.Google Scholar
Serruys, Henry. The Mongols in China during the Hung-wu Period. In Mélanges chinois et bouddhiques 11 (1959).Google Scholar
Serruys, Henry. “Notes on a Chinese Inscription of 1606 in a Lamaist Temple in Mai-ta-chao, Suiyüan.” Journal of the American Oriental Society 78, no. 2 (1958): 101–13.Google Scholar
Serruys, Henry. “Were the Ming against the Mongols’ Settling in North China.” Oriens Extremus 6, no. 2 (1959): 131–59.Google Scholar
Chuan, Shang. “Guanyu Ming Taizu shilu sanxiuben de pingjia wenti.” Wenshi 28 (1987): 179–87.Google Scholar
Xunzheng, Shao. “You Mingchuye yu Tiemuer diguo guanxi.” [Qinghua daxue] Shehui kexue, 2, no. 1, 1936. Rpt. in Shao Xunzheng lishi lunwenji. Beijing: Beijing daxue chubanshe, 1985, pp. 86–98.Google Scholar
Shapinsky, Peter. Lords of the Sea: Pirates, Violence, and Commerce in Late Medieval Japan. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan, 2014.Google Scholar
Sharpe, Kevin. Selling the Tudor Monarchy: Authority and Image in Sixteenth Century England. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Shea, Eiren. “The Mongol Cultural Legacy in East and Central Asia: The Early Ming and Timurid Courts.” Ming Studies 78 (2018): 3256.Google Scholar
Shen, Defu. Wanli ye huo bian, second edition. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1980.Google Scholar
Shen, Wanli. “Yuan Yingchang gucheng xintan.” Neimenggu daxue xuebao (renwen shehui kexueban) 38, no. 5 (2006): 2934.Google Scholar
Shidurghu, . “Dada he Da Yuan guohao.” Yuanshi ji minzu yu bianjiang yanjiu 28 (2014): 124–33.Google Scholar
Shidurghu, . “Lun shiqi shiji Menggu shijia dui Bei Yuan hanxi de cuangai.” Neimenggu shehui kexue 24, no. 1 (2003): 2426.Google Scholar
Shim, Hosung. “The Postal Roads of the Great Khans in Central Asia under the Mongol-Yuan Empire.” Journal of Song-Yuan Studies 44 (2014): 405–70.Google Scholar
Shiraishi, Noriyuki. “Avraga Site: The ‘Great Ordū’ of Genghis Khan.” In Beyond the Legacy of Genghis Khan, edited by Komaroff, Linda. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2006, pp. 8393.Google Scholar
Sinor, Denis. “The Acquisition, the Legitimation, the Confirmation and the Limitations of Political Power in Medieval Inner Asia.” In Representing Power in Ancient Inner Asia: Legitimacy, Transmission, and the Sacred, edited by Charleux, Isabelle, DeLaplace, Grégory, Hamayon, Roberte, and Pearce, Scott. Bellingham: Center for East Asian Studies Western Washington University, 2010, pp. 3759.Google Scholar
Skaff, Jonathan. Sui-Tang China and Its Turko-Mongol Neighbors: Culture, Power, and Connections, 580–800. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Smith, John. “Dietary Decadence and Dynastic Decline in the Mongol Empire.” Journal of Asian History 34, no. 1 (2000): 3552.Google Scholar
Dehui, Song. “Mingchao Tainingwei kaoshu.” Bowuguan yanjiu 3 (2010): 5763.Google Scholar
Aurel, Stein. Sir Aurel Stein’s Central Asia. Rpt. New Delhi: Cosmo Publications, 1988.Google Scholar
Steinhardt, Nancy. “Imperial Architecture along the Mongolian Road to Dadu.” Ars Orientalis 18 (1988): 5993.Google Scholar
Struve, Lynn. “The Southern Ming, 1644–1662.” In CHC 7: 641–725.Google Scholar
Bai, Su. “Juyongguan guojieta kaogao.” Wenwu 4 (1964): 1329. Revised and rpt. in Su Bai, Zangchuan fojiao siyuan kaogu. Beijing: Wenwu chubanshe, 1996, pp. 338–64.Google Scholar
Tianjue, Su. Guo chao wen lei. Rpt. in Yuanshi yanjiu ziliao huibian, edited by Ne, Yang. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 2014, vol. 90.Google Scholar
Subrahmanyam, Sanjay. “Connected Histories: Notes towards a Reconfiguration of Early Modern Eurasia.” Modern Asian Studies 31, no. 3 (1997): 735–62.Google Scholar
Subrahmanyam, Sanjay. Courtly Encounters: Translating Courtliness and Violence in Early Modern Eurasia. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Subrahmanyam, Sanjay. “Iranians Abroad: Intra-Asian Elite Migration and Early Modern State Formation.” The Journal of Asian Studies 51, no. 2 (1992): 340–63.Google Scholar
Subrahmanyam, Sanjay. “One Asia, or Many? Reflections from Connected History.” Modern Asian Studies 50, no. 1 (2016): 543.Google Scholar
Subtelny, Maria. “Tamerlane and His Descendants: From Paladins to Patrons.” In The New Cambridge History of Islam, Volume 3: The Eastern Islamic World, Eleventh to Eighteenth Centuries, edited by Morgan, David and Reid, Anthony. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010, pp. 169200.Google Scholar
Subtelny, Maria. Timurids in Transition: Turko-Persian Politics and Acculturation in Medieval Iran. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2007.Google Scholar
Masaaki, Sugiyama. “Bin-ō Chūbei to sono keifū.” Shirin 65, no. 1 (1982). Rpt. in Mongoru teikoku to Dai Gen urusu. Kyoto: Kyōto daigaku gakujutsu shuppankai, 2004, pp. 242–87.Google Scholar
Masaaki, Sugiyama. Dai Mongoru no sekai. Tokyo: Kadogawa sensho, 1992.Google Scholar
Masaaki, Sugiyama. “Futatsu no Chagatai ke. In Min Shin jidai no seiji to shakai, edited by Kazuko, Ono. Kyoto: Kyōto daigaku jinbun kagaku kenkyūjo, 1983. Rpt. in Mongoru teikoku to Dai Gen urusu. Kyoto: Kyōto daigaku gakujutsu shuppankai, 2004, 288–333.Google Scholar
Masaaki, Sugiyama. “Mongoru jidai no Afuro-Yurashia to Nihon.” In Mongoru no shūrai, Nihon no jidaishi, vol. 9, edited by Shigekazu, Kondō. Tokyo: Yoshikawa kōbunkan, 2003, pp. 106–50.Google Scholar
Masaaki, Sugiyama. Mongoru teikoku to Dai Gen urusu. Kyoto: Kyōto daigaku gakujutsu shuppankai, 2004.Google Scholar
Sugiyama, Masaaki and Kitagawa, Seiichi. Dai Mongoru no jidai. Tokyo: Chūō kōronsha, 1997.Google Scholar
Fen, Sun. Xi an ji. Rpt. in BTGZ, vol. 100.Google Scholar
Jimin, Sun, et al., editors. Ying cang ji E cang Heishuicheng Hanwen wenxian zhengli. Tianjin: Tianjin guji chubanshe, 2015.Google Scholar
Taichu, Sun. Yunnan gudai shike congkao. Beijing: Wenwu chubanshe, 1983.Google Scholar
Weizu, Sun. Lidai xiyin lidai biaozhunpin tujian. Changchun: Jilin meishu chubanshe, 2010.Google Scholar
Sun, Zhixin Jason. “Dadu: Great Capital of the Yuan Dynasty.” In The World of Khubilai Khan: Chinese Art in the Yuan Dynasty, edited by Watt, James C. Y.. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art; New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2010, pp. 4163.Google Scholar
Yuming, Suo. “Ming Taizu yubi.” Dalu zazhi 10, no. 4 (1955): 1619. Rpt. in Suo Yuming, Qiyuan waizhi–Gugong wenwu zatan. Taibei: Guoli Gugong bowuyuan, 2000, vol. 1, pp. 309–18.Google Scholar
Yuming, Suo. “Ming Taizu yubi shili.” Rpt. in Suo Yuming, Qiyuan waizhi–Gugong wenwu zatan. Taibei: Guoli Gugong bowuyuan, 2000, vol. 1, pp. 107–44.Google Scholar
Yuming, Suo. “Ming Taizu yubi shili xubian.” Rpt. in Yuming, Suo, Qiyuan waizhi–Gugong wenwu zatan. Taibei: Guoli Gugong bowuyuan, 2000, vol. 1, pp. 145–74.Google Scholar
Yuming, Suo. “Ming Taizu yubi quanmu.” Rpt. in Yuming, Suo, Qiyuan waizhi–Gugong wenwu zatan. Taibei: Guoli Gugong bowuyuan, 2000, vol. 1, 175–98.Google Scholar
Swope, Kenneth. On the Trail of the Yellow Tiger: War, Trauma, and Social Dislocation in Southwest China during the Ming-Qing Transition. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2018.Google Scholar
Jiasheng, Tan. “Zhu Di yu Lan Yu dang’an.” Chizhou shizhuan xuebao 2 (1995): 8890.Google Scholar
Qian, Tan (1594–1658). Zao lin za zu. Preface dated 1644. Rpt. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 2006.Google Scholar
Takeo, Tanaka. Zenkindai no kokusai kōryū to gaikō bunsho. Tokyo: Yoshikawa kōbunkan, 1996Google Scholar
Long, Tang. Yu shi ji. Rpt. in SKCM, ji 65.Google Scholar
Zongyi, Tao. Nancun chuogeng lu. 1366. Rpt. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1997 [1959].Google Scholar
Taylor, Keith. A History of the Vietnamese. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013.Google Scholar
Taylor, Romeyn. “Ming T’ai-tsu and the Nobility of Merit.” Ming Studies 2 (1976): 5769.Google Scholar
Temul, . “Bei Yuanshi jishuxing shiliao de fajue yu yanjiu.” Yuanshi ji minzu yu bianjiang yanjiu 22 (2010): 169–77.Google Scholar
Thacket, Nicolas. The Origins of the Chinese Nation: Song China and the Forging of an East Asian World Order. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017.Google Scholar
Rucheng, Tian. Yan jiao ji wen, in Ji lu hui bian, edited by Shen Jiefu, juan 60.Google Scholar
Weijiang, Tian. “Shisi shijimo zhi shiwu shijichu de dongchahetai hanguo.” Xinjiang shehui kexue 4 (1988): 8086.Google Scholar
Hyŏnch’ŏl, To. “Koryŏ malgi sadaebu ŭi taeoegwan – hwa’iron ŭl chungsim ŭro.” Chindan hakpo 86 (1998): 7399.Google Scholar
Togan, Isenbike. “The Qongrat in History.” In History and Historiography of Post-Mongol Central Asia and the Middle East: Studies in Honor of John E. Woods, edited by Pfeiffer, Judith and Quinn, Sholeh A.. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2006, pp. 6183.Google Scholar
Tsai, Henry. The Eunuchs in the Ming Dynasty. New York: State University of New York, 1996.Google Scholar
Daisuke, Tsutsui. “Hachiman engi emaki to Hachimangūji junpaiki.” Kyōto gobun 19 (2012): 245–62.Google Scholar
Makoto, Ueda. Umi to teikoku: Min Shin jidai. In Chūgoku no rekishi, edited by Mamoru, Tonami, et al. Tokyo: Kōdansha, 2005, vol. 9.Google Scholar
Borjigijin, Ullaan (Wulan). “Dayan yu Da Yuan.” Neimenggu daxue xuebao (zhexue shehui kexueban) 1 (1990): 1014.Google Scholar
Vásáry, István. “Clans of Tatar Descent in the Muscovite Elite of the 14th–16th Centuries.” In The Place of Russia in Eurasia, edited by Szvák, Gyula. Budapest: Magyar Ruszisztikai Intézet, 2001, pp. 101–13.Google Scholar
Vásáry, István. “The Jochid Realm: The Western Steppe and Eastern Europe.” In CHIA, pp. 67–85.Google Scholar
Veit, Veronika. “The Eastern Steppe: Mongol Regimes after the Yuan (1368–1636).” In CHIA, pp. 157–81.Google Scholar
Verschuer, Charlotte von. Across the Perilous Sea: Japanese Trade with China and Korea from the Seventh to the Sixteenth Centuries. Translated from the French by Hunter, Kristen Lee. Ithaca, NY: East Asia Program, Cornell University, 2006.Google Scholar
Verschuer, Charlotte von. “Die Beziehungen zwischen den ersten Ming-Kaisern und Timur von Samarkand.” Nachrichten der Gesellschaft für Natur- und Voelkerkunde Ostasiens (1981): 62–77.Google Scholar
Verschuer, Charlotte von. “Japan’s Foreign Relations 1200 to 1392 A.D.: A Translation from Zenrin Kokuhōki.” Monumenta Nipponica 57, no. 4 (2002): 413–45.Google Scholar
Sei, Wada. “Hoku Gen no teikei ni tsuite.” Ichimura Hakushi koki kinen Tōyō shi ronsō, edited by Sanjirō, Ichimura. Tokyo: Fuzanbō, 1933, pp. 1203–14.Google Scholar
Sei, Wada. “Hokuryo kiryaku, Yakugo oyobi Sanchū bunkenroku no chosha.” In Sei, Wada, Tōashi ronsō. Tokyo: Seikatsusha, 1942, pp. 549–68.Google Scholar
Sei, Wada. Mingdai Menggushi lunji. Translated by Shixian, Pan. Beijing: Shangwu yinshuguan, 1984. Rpt. Hohhot: Neimenggu chuban jituan and Neimenggu renmin chubanshe, 2015.Google Scholar
Sei, Wada. “Mindai no Mōko to Manshū.” In Sei, Wada, Tōashi ronsō. Tokyo: Seikatsusha, 1942, pp. 304–61.Google Scholar
Sei, Wada. “Minsho no Manshū keiryaku jōhen.” In Sei, Wada, Tōashi kenkyū (Manshū hen). Tokyo: Tōyō bunko, 1955, pp. 177298.Google Scholar
Sei, Wada. “Minsho no Mōko keiryaku.” Rpt. in Wada Sei, Tōashi kenkyū (Mōkohen), pp. 1–106.Google Scholar
Sei, Wada. Tōashi kenkyū (Mōkohen). Tokyo: Tōyō bunko, 1959.Google Scholar
Wade, Geoffrey. “Domination in Four Keys: Ming China and the Southern Neighbors 1400–1450. In Ming China: Courts and Contacts 1400–1450, edited by Clunas, Craig, Harrison-Hall, Jessica, and Yu-ping, Luk. London: British Museum Press, 2016, pp. 1525.Google Scholar
Wakabayashi, Haruko. “The Mongol Invasions and the Making of the Iconography of Foreign Enemies: The Case of Shikaumi jinja engi.” In Tools of Culture: Japan’s Cultural, Intellectual, Medical, and Technological Contacts in East Asia, 1000–1500s, edited by Goble, Andrew, Robinson, Kenneth, and Wakabayashi, Haruko. Ann Arbor, MI: Association for Asian Studies, 2009, pp. 105–33.Google Scholar
Joanna, Waley-Cohen. The Sextants of Beijing: Global Currents in Chinese History. New York: W. W. Norton, 1999.Google Scholar
Wan, Ming. “Mingchu Zhongwai guanxi kaolun.” In Wan Ming, Mingdai zhongwai guanxishi lungao. Beijing: Zhongguo shehui kexue chubanshe, 2011, pp. 69139.Google Scholar
Wan, Ming. Mingdai waijiao guanxishi lungao. Beijing: Zhongguo shehui kexue chubanshe, 2011.Google Scholar
Wan, Ming. “Mingdai waijiao zhaoling de fenlei kaocha.” Huaqiao daxue xuebao (zhexue shehui kexueban) 2 (2009): 3646. Rpt. in Wan Ming, Mingdai zhongwai guanxishi lungao. Beijing: Zhongguo shehui kexue chubanshe, 2011, pp. 50–68.Google Scholar
Wan, Ming. “Ming Taizu waijiao zhaoling kaolüe.” Jinan shixue 5 (2008). Rpt. in Mingdai zhongwai guanxishi lungao. Beijing: Zhongguo shehui kexue chubanshe, 2011, pp. 22–49.Google Scholar
Aihe, Wang. Cosmology and Political Culture in Early China. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000.Google Scholar
Richard, Wang. The Ming Prince and Daoism: Institutional Patronage of an Elite. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Richard, Wang. “Ming Princely Patronage of Daoist Temples.” Ming Studies 65 (2012): 5792.Google Scholar
Chongwu, Wang. Ming Jingnan shishi kaozhenggao. Zhongyang yanjiuyuan lishi yuyan yanjiusuo jikan, special edition, 25. Shanghai: Shanghai yinshuguan, 1945; rpt. Taibei: Zhongyang yanjiuyuan lishi yuyan yanjiusuo, 1992.Google Scholar
Dafang, Wang and Wenfang, Zhang. Caoyuan jinshi lu. Beijing: Wenwu chubanshe, 2013.Google Scholar
Feng, Wang (1319–88). Wu xi ji. Rpt. in BTGZ, vol. 95.Google Scholar
Pu, Wang. “Yuandai Yunnan Duanshi yu Liangwang zhi zheng zaiyi.” Yunnan shehui kexue 5 (2000): 8491.Google Scholar
Qi, Wang. Xu Wenxian tongkao. Rpt. Taibei: Wenhai chubanshe, 1979.Google Scholar
Shenrong, Wang. Yuanshi tanyuan. Changchun: Jilin wenshi chubanshe, 1991.Google Scholar
Rencong, Wang, compiler. Xinchu lidai xiyin jishi. Hong Kong: Xianggang Zhongwen daxue wenwuguan, 1987.Google Scholar
Shizhen, Wang. Yanzhou shi liao qian ji. Rpt. SKCM, ji 112.Google Scholar
Wei, Wang (1323–73). Wang Zhongwen gong ji. Rpt. YWHJ, ji bu, vol. 19.Google Scholar
Yiqiu, Wang. “Yuandai chuzhen Yunnan zongwang kao.” Zhaotong shifan gaodeng zhuanke xuexiao xuebao 4 (2010): 59.Google Scholar
Yi-t’ung, Wang. Official Relations between China and Japan 1368–1549. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1953.Google Scholar
Zhaochun, Wang. Zhongguo gudai junshi gongcheng jishushi. Taiyuan: Shanxi jiaoyu chubanshe, 2007.Google Scholar
Zhaoyu, Wang. “Ming Taizu moji Wu Wang shouyujuan kaobian.” Zhongguo meishu 5 (2013): 97100.Google Scholar
Hiroshi, Watanabe. “An Index of Embassies and Tribute Missions from Islamic Countries to Ming China (1368–1644) as Recorded in the Ming Shih-lu Classified according to Geographic Area.” Memoirs of the Tokyo Bunko 33 (1975): 285347.Google Scholar
Weatherford, Jack. Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World. New York: Crown Publishers, 2004.Google Scholar
Rongji, Wei. “Gen Nichi kankeishi no kenkyū.” Ph.D. Dissertation, Tsukuba University (Japan), 1984.Google Scholar
Weidner, Marsha. “Aspects of Painting and Patronage at the Mongol Court, 1260–1368.” In Artists and Patrons: Some Social and Economic Aspects of Chinese Painting, edited by Chu-tsing, Li. Lawrence: University of Kansas, Kress Foundation Department of Art History and Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art; Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1989, pp. 3959.Google Scholar
Weitz, Ankeney. “Art and Politics at the Mongol Court of China: Tugh Temür’s Collection of Chinese Paintings.” Artibus Asiae 64, no. 2 (2004): 243–80.Google Scholar
Wing, Patrick. The Jalayirids: Dynastic State Formation in the Mongol Middle East. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2016.Google Scholar
Wing, Patrick. “‘Rich in Goods and Abounding in Wealth:’ The Ilkhanid and Post-Ilkhanid Ruling Elite and the Politics of Commercial Life at Tabriz, 1250–1400.” In Politics, Patronage and the Transmission of Knowledge in 13th–15th Century Tabriz, edited by Pfeiffer, Judith. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2014, pp. 300–20.Google Scholar
Wink, André. Akbar. Oxford: Oneworld Publications, 2009.Google Scholar
Wink, André. “India and the Turko-Mongol Frontier.” In Nomads in the Sedentary World, edited by Khazanov, Anatoly and Wink, Andre. Richmond: Routledge, 2001, pp. 211–33.Google Scholar
Wolters, O. W.Phạn Sū Mạnh’s Poems Written while Patrolling the Vietnamese Northern Border in the Middle of the Fourteenth Century.” Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 13, no. 1 (1982): 107–19.Google Scholar
Wolters, O. W.Assertions of Cultural Well-Being in Fourteenth-Century Vietnam (Part I).” Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 10, no. 2 (1979): 435–50.Google Scholar
Woods, John. “The Rise of Tīmurīd Historiography.” Journal of Near Eastern Studies 46, no. 2 (1987): 81108.Google Scholar
Woods, John. The Timurid Dynasty. Papers on Inner Asia. Bloomington: Indiana University, 1990.Google Scholar
Woods, John. “Timur’s Genealogy.” In Intellectual Studies on Islam, Essays Written in Honor of Martin B. Dickson, edited by Mazzaoui, Michel and Moreen, Vera. Salt Late City: University of Utah Press, 1990, pp. 85126.Google Scholar
Woods, John. “Turco-Iranica II: Notes on a Timurid Decree of 1396/798.” Journal of Near Eastern Studies 43, no. 4 (1984): 331–37.Google Scholar
Wu, Guoqing. Zhongguo zhanzhengshi, vol. 6, Yuanchao shiqi Mingchao shiqi. Beijing: Renmin chubanshe, 2016.Google Scholar
Han, Wu. “Ji Ming shilu.” Zhongyang yanjiuyuan lishi yuyan yanjiusuo jikan 18, no. 1 (1948): 385447. Rpt. in Wu Han Du shi zha ji. Beijing: Sanlian shudian, 1956, pp. 156–234.Google Scholar
Han, Wu. Zhu Yuanzhang zhuan. 1948. Rpt. Hong Kong: Xianggang zhuanji wenxueshe, n.d.; Shanghai: Sanlian shudian, 1949.Google Scholar
Man, Wu. Mingdai Songshixue yanjiu. Beijing: Renmin chubanshe, 2012.Google Scholar
Qi, Wu and Zhongwen, Zhu. “‘Lan Yu dang’an’ yu Mingdai kaiguo wujiang jiazu mingyun zhi zhuanzhe.” Shenzhen daxue xuebao (renwen shehui kexueban) 33, no. 1 (2016): 131–39.Google Scholar
Wu, Yue. “Waijiao de linian yu waijiao de xianshi: yi Zhu Yuanzhang dui ‘bu zheng guo’ Chaoxian de zhengce wei zhongxin.” Mingshi yanjiu 11 (2010): 2654.Google Scholar
Wu Shi, . Yi shan si gao. Rpt. in BTGZ, vol. 102.Google Scholar
Wulan, . See Ullaan Borjigijin.Google Scholar
Wurina, . “Shisi shijimo zhi shiwu shijichu Menggu shangceng de neibu douzheng ji hanquan de shuaiei.” Neimenggu shehui kexue (wenshizheban) 3 (1988): 5860.Google Scholar
Lei, Xi. Yuandai Gaoli gongnü zhidu. Beijing: Minzu chubanshe, 2003.Google Scholar
Lei, Xi and Bagena, Temür. “Yuandai Gaoli gongnü zhidu yuqi zhengzhi wenhua beijing.” Neimenggu shehui kexue (Hanwenban) 24, no. 5 (2003): 59.Google Scholar
Xidurigu, . See Shidurghu.Google Scholar
Yuanji, Xia (1366–1430). Yi tong zhao ji lu. Bai sheng, in Bai bu cong shu, series 17, part 3.Google Scholar
Qiqing, Xiao (Hsiao Ch’i-ch’ing). “Lun Yuandai Mengruren zhi Hanhua.” Guoli Taiwan daxue lishixuexi xuebao 17 (1992). Rpt. in Xiao Qiqing, Meng Yuan shi xinyan. Taibei: Yunchen wenhua chuban, 1994, pp. 217–63.Google Scholar
Guian, Xie. Ming shilu yanjiu. Wuhan: Hubei renmin chubanshe, 2003.Google Scholar
Guian, Xie. “Shishu Ming Taizu shilu dui Zhu Yuanzhang xingxiang de suzao.” Xueshu yanjiu 5 (2010): 97105.Google Scholar
Jin, Xu. Ping fan shi mo (shang). In Guo chao dian gu, edited by Deng Shilong. Rpt. Beijing: Beijing daxue chubanshe, juan 99.Google Scholar
Xueju, Xu (jinshi 1583). Guo chao dian hui. 1625. Rpt. Beijing: Shumu wenxian chubanshe, 1996.Google Scholar
Yuanrui, Xu. Li xue zhi nan. Rpt. in XXSK, zi bu, vol. 973.Google Scholar
Zhenqing, Xu. Jian sheng ye wen. Rpt. in GCDG, vol. 1.Google Scholar
Tatsurō, Yamamoto. Annanshi kenkyū. Tokyo: Yamakawa shuppansha, 1950.Google Scholar
Fuxue, Yang and Haijuan, Zhang. “Menggu Binwang jiazu yu Yuandai Yijinailu zhi guanxi.” Yuanshi luncong 14 (2014): 453–61.Google Scholar
Ne, Yang. “Xu Shouhui, Chen Youliang deng shiji fafu–Liu Shangbin wenji duhou.” Zhongguo wenshi luncong 2 (2008): 7194.Google Scholar
Rong, Yang (1371–1440). Yang wen min gong ji. Rpt. Taibei: Wenhai chubanshe, 1970.Google Scholar
Shen, Yang. Dian zai ji. Rpt. in Lidai biji xiaoshuo jicheng. Shijiazhuang: Hebei jiaoyu chubanshe, vol. 49, 1995.Google Scholar
Yang, Uisuk. “Wŏn kansŏpgi Yosimjiyŏk Koryŏin ŭi tonghyang.” Tongguk yŏksa kyoyuk 4 (1996): 139.Google Scholar
Xiaoneng, Yang. “Ming Art and Culture from an Archaeological Perspective–Part 1: Royal and Elite Tombs.” Orientations 37, no. 5 (2006): 4049.Google Scholar
Xiaoneng, Yang. “Ming Art and Culture from an Archaeological Perspective–Part 2: The Imperial Mausoleum and Elite Burial Practises.” Orientations 37, no. 6 (2006): 6978.Google Scholar
Xiaoneng, Yang. “Ming Art and Culture from an Archaeological Perspective–Part 3: Textiles and Ceramics.” Orientations 38, no. 1 (2007): 6980.Google Scholar
Yanbin, Yang. “Shixi Yuanmo zhi Bei Yuan chuqi Gansu diqu de fensheng shezhi.” Xi Xia xue 4 (2009): 153–56.Google Scholar
Yinmin, Yang. “Yuandai guanfu zhiying jiupin de shengchan yu guanli.” Ningxia shehui kexue 1 (2010): 107–12.Google Scholar
Yiqing, Yang. “Yunnan Dali faxian yipi Mingdai guanyin.” Wenwu 11 (1986): 9596.Google Scholar
Yongkang, Yang. Mingdai guanfang xiushi yu chaoting zhengzhi. Beijing: Renmin chubanshe, 2015.Google Scholar
Dali, Yao. “Naiyan zhi luan zakao.” Yuanshi ji beifang minzushi yanjiu jikan 7 (1983): 7482. Rpt. in Yao Dali. Meng Yuan zhidu yu zhengzhi wenhua. Beijing: Beijing daxue chubanshe, 2011, pp. 403–19.Google Scholar
Dingyi, Ye. Mingdai tewu zhengzhi. 1950; rpt. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 2006.Google Scholar
Quanhong, Ye. Mingdai qianqi Zhong Han guojiao zhi yanjiu. Taibei: Taiwan shangwuguan, 1998.Google Scholar
Sheng, Ye (1420–74). Shui dong ri ji. Rpt. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1980, second printing 1997.Google Scholar
Ji, Yuan. “Yuandai liangdujian yilu.” Rpt. in Yuan Shangdu yanjiu lunwenji, edited by Xinmin, Ye. Beijing: Zhongyang minzu daxue chubanshe, 2003, pp. 213–21.Google Scholar
Xinmin, Ye. Yuan Shangdu yanjiu. Hohhot: Neimenggu daxue chubanshe, 1998.Google Scholar
Xinmin, Ye, et al.Yuandai de Xinghelu yu Zhongdu.” Wenwu chunqiu 3 (1998): 2933, 69.Google Scholar
Ikchu, Yi. “Koryŏ—Wŏn kwan’gye ŭi kojo e taehan yŏn’gu – sowi ‘Sejo koje’ ŭi punsŏk rŭl chungsim ŭro.” Han’guk saron 36 (1996): 151.Google Scholar
Kaesŏk, Yi. “14 segi ch’o makpuk yumok kyŏngje ŭi pul’anjŏng kwa pumin saenghwal.” Tongyangsa yǒn’gu 46 (1994): 153.Google Scholar
Myŏngmi, Yi. “Ki Hwanghu seryŏk ŭi Kongminwang p’yewi sido wa Koryŏ kukwangkwŏn.” Yŏksa hakpo 206 (2010): HGYT, vol. 2, pt. 6, 136Google Scholar
Saek, Yi, Mok-ŭn mungo. Rpt. in HGMJ, vol. 5; HGYT, vol. 20, pt. 6.Google Scholar
Yonghyuk, Yoon. “The Focal Issues in the Historical Study of the Koryǒ’s Resistance against the Mongols.” International Journal of Korean History 10 (2006): 4369.Google Scholar
Jideng, Yu (1544–1600). (Huang Ming) Dian gu ji wen. 1601. Rpt. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1981, second printing, 1997.Google Scholar
Ǔnsuk, Yun. “Nagach’u ǔi Hwaldong kwa sipsa segimal TongAsia chǒngse.” Myǒng Ch’ǒngsa yǒn’gu 28 (2007): 127.Google Scholar
Ǔnsuk, Yun. “Pukwǒn kwa Myǒng ǔi taerip--Yodong munje rŭr chungsim ŭro–.” Tongyang sahak yǒn’gu 105 (2008): pp. 81112.Google Scholar
Ǔnsuk, Yun. “14 segimal Manju ǔi yǒksasang–Otch’igin wangga wa Manju.” Nong’ǒpsa yǒn’gu 11, no. 1 (2012): 4769.Google Scholar
Ǔnsuk, Yun. “14?15 segi Uryangkkai sam’ui hwa Monggor-Myŏng kwan’gye.” Myŏng Ch’ŏngsa yŏn’gu 43, (2015): 129.Google Scholar
Ǔnsuk, Yun. “Wŏnmal T’ogon T’emuŭr k’an ŭi Tamma kongjŏn.” T’amma munhwa 53 (2016): 195206.Google Scholar
Ǔnsuk, Yun. “Yŏ-Mong kwan’gye ŭi sŏnggyŏk kwa Tong Asia ŭi kukche kwan’gye.” Tongbuk Asia nonch?ong 35 (2011): 119–62.Google Scholar
Chunchang, Zhang. “Youguan Yuan Zhongdu chengqiang de jidian sikao.” Wenwu chunqiu 5 (2003): 2938.Google Scholar
Chunchang, Zhang. “Yuan Zhongdu yu Helin, Shangdu, Dadu de bijiao yanjiu.” Wenwu chunqiu 5 (2005): 811, 30.Google Scholar
Daiyu, Zhang. “Yuanshi huizhu kaozheng Yuanshi zhuwang biao jinyin shouniulan Liang Wang.” Yuanshi ji minzu yu bianjiang yanjiu jikan 23 (2011): 128.Google Scholar
Dexin, Zhang. “Lüelun Zhu Yuanzhang yu Yuanchao de guanxi.” Jianghuai luntan (1990). Rpt. in Zhang Dexin, Mingshi yanjiu lungao. Beijing: Shehui kexue wenxian chubanshe, 2011, pp. 178–84.Google Scholar
Dexin, Zhang. “Taizu huangdi qinlu jiqi faxian yu yanjiu jilu: jianji Yuzhi jifei lu”. Ming Qing luncong 6 (2005): 83110.Google Scholar
Dexin, Zhang. “Zhu Yuanzhang shiwen chulun.” Beifang luncong 4 (1996). Rpt. in Zhang Dexin, Mingshi yanjiu lungao. Beijing: Shehui kexue wenxian chubanshe, 2011, pp. 217–22.Google Scholar
Haijuan, Zhang. “Heishuicheng wenxian yu Meng Yuanshi de jian’gou.” Dunhuang yanjiu 1 (2015): 91–101.Google Scholar
Hong, Zhang. Nan yi shu. Rpt. SKCM, shi 255, p. 197; typeset edition, rpt. YSC, vol. 4, pp. 570–78.Google Scholar
Hongying, Zhang. “Heishuicheng wenshusuojian jiceng Kongzi jisi.” Tushuguan lilun yu shijian 7 (2014): 98–100.Google Scholar
Jeremy Fan, Zhang. Royal Taste: The Art of Princely Courts in Fifteenth-Century China. New York: Scala Arts Publishers, 2015.Google Scholar
Jia, Zhang. Xin tianxia zhi hua. Shanghai: Fudan daxue chubanshe, 2016.Google Scholar
Jinkui, Zhang. Mingdai weisuo junhu yanjiu. Beijing: Xianzhuang shuju, 2007.Google Scholar
Jingrui, Zhang. “Mingshi jishi benmo Hu Lan zhi yu jiaodu.” Mingshi yanjiu 16 (2019): 159–69.Google Scholar
Shufang, Zhang. Dali congshu jinshi pian. Beijing: Zhongguo shehui kexue chubanshe, 1993, vol. 1.Google Scholar
Wende, Zhang. Chaogong yu rufu: Mingdai Xiyuren laihua yanjiu. Lanzhou: Lanzhou daxue chubanshe, 2013.Google Scholar
Wende, Zhang. “Lun Ming yu Zhongya Tiemuer wangchao de guanxi.” Lishi dangan 1 (2007): 5864.Google Scholar
Wende, Zhang. Ming yu Tiemuer wangchao guanxishi yanjiu. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 2006.Google Scholar
Wenping, Zhang. “Neimenggu diqu Meng Yuan chengzhen de fenlei yanjiu.” Dongfang kaogu 9 (2012): 547–60.Google Scholar
Xiaofeng, Zhang. “Heishuicheng wenshu zhong de Ningsuwang.” Tushuguan lilun yu shijian 7 (2014): 9497.Google Scholar
Xilu, Zhang. Yuandai Dali Duanshi zongguan shi. Kunming: Yunnan renmin chubanshe, 2015.Google Scholar
George Qingzhi, Zhao. Marriage as a Political Strategy and Cultural Expression. New York and Bern: Peter Lang, 2008.Google Scholar
Xianhai, Zhao. “Hongwu chunian Gansu diyuan zhengzhi yu Mingchao xibei bianjie zhengce–you Feng Sheng ‘qi di’ shijian yinfa de sikao.” Gudai wenming 5, no. 1 (2011): 7790.Google Scholar
Xianhai, Zhao. Mingdai jiubian changcheng junzhenshi. Beijing: Shehui kexue wenxian chubanshe, 2012.Google Scholar
Liangsheng, Zheng. Min Nichi kankeishi no kenkyū. Yūzankaku shuppan, 1985.Google Scholar
Zheng, Shaozong. “Kaoguxueshang suojian zhi Yuan Zhongdu–Wangwuchadu xinggong.” Wenwu chunqiu 3 (1998): 5568.Google Scholar
Zhongguo diyi lishi dang’anguan and Liaoningsheng dang’anguan, editors. Zhongguo Mingchao dang’an zonghui. Guilin: Guangxi shifan daxue chubanshe, 2000.Google Scholar
Zhoug, Boqi. Jin guang ji, Rpt. in Wenyuange Siku quanshu. Taibei: Taiwan shangwu yinshuguan, 1983, vol. 1214.Google Scholar
Fang, Zhou. “Yuandai Yunnan zongwang kaoxi.” Yunnan minzu daxue xuebao (zhexue shehui kexueban) 27, no. 6 (2010): 109–13.Google Scholar
Liangxia, Zhou. “Sanchao xiagong zakao.” Wenwu chunqiu 3 (1998): 2124, 43.Google Scholar
Liangxia, Zhou and Juying, Gu. Yuanshi. Shanghai: Shanghai chubanshe, 1993.Google Scholar
Song, Zhou. “Mingdai Nanjing de Huihuiren wuguan–jiyu Nanjing Jinyiwei de yanjiu.” Zhongguo shehui jingjishi yanjiu 3 (2010): 1222.Google Scholar
Yongjie, Zhou. “Yuandai Yijinailu shichang wenti juyu.” Xi Xia yanjiu 3 (2015): 4753.Google Scholar
Guozhen, Zhu (1558–1632). Yong chuang xiao pin. 1621. Rpt. Beijing: Wenhua yishu chubanshe, 1998.Google Scholar
Jianlu, Zhu. “Heishuicheng suochu ‘Yijinai fensheng yuan chufang guiyun guanben die’ kaoshi.” Ningxia shehui kexue 2 (2012): 114–17.Google Scholar
Jianlu, Zhu. “Yuanmo yu Bei Yuan chuqi de fensheng shezhi.” Xi Xia yanjiu 3 (2011): 6671.Google Scholar
Xinguang, Zhu. “Shilun Tiemuer diguo yu Mingchao zhi guanxi.” Xibei minzu yanjiu 1 (1996): 260–67.Google Scholar
Yuanzhang, Zhu. Ci zhu fan zhao chi. Rpt. in MCKG, vol. 3.Google Scholar
Yuanzhang, ZhuDa Ming Taizu huangdi yu zhi ji. Rpt. in Xijian Mingshi yanjiu ziliao wuzhong, edited by shuju, Zhonghua. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 2015, vols. 1–4.Google Scholar
Yuanzhang, ZhuMing Taizu yu zhi wen ji. Rpt. Taibei: Xuesheng shuju, 1965.Google Scholar
Yuanzhang, ZhuYu zhi Da Gao xu bian. Rpt. XXSK, vol. 862.Google Scholar
Shūhō, Zuikei. Zenrin kokuhōki. Edited by Takeo, Tanaka. Rpt. Tokyo: Shūeisha, 1995.Google Scholar
Dongling, Zuo. “Fang Guozhen shendao beiming de xushi celüe yu Song Lian Mingchu de wenzhangguan.” Shoudu shifan daxue xuebao (shehui kexueban) 6 (2013): 8692.Google Scholar
Aigle, Denise. The Mongol Empire between Reality and Myth: Studies in Anthropological History. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2014.Google Scholar
Tsuneaki, Akasaka. “Perushiago shiryō ni okeru Hokugenshi kanren jōhō.” Saitama gakuen daigaku kiyō (ningen gakubuhen) 15 (2015): 231–35.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. “Changing Forms of Legitimation in Mongol Iran.” In Rulers from the Steppe: State Formation on the Eurasian Periphery, edited by Seaman, Gary and Marks, Daniel, vol. 2. Los Angeles: Ethnographics Press, Center for Visual Anthropology, University of Southern California, 1991, pp. 223–41.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. “The Circulation of Military Technology in the Mongolian Empire.” In Warfare in Inner Asian History, edited by Di Cosmo, Nicola. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2002, pp. 265–92.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. Commodity and Exchange in the Mongol Empire: A Cultural History of Islamic Textiles. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. Culture and Conquest in Mongol Eurasia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. “Ever Closer Encounters: The Appropriation of Culture and the Apportionment of Peoples in the Mongol Empire.” Journal of Early Modern History 1, no. 1 (1997): 223.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. “Guard and Government in the Reign of The Grand Qan Mongke, 1251–59.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 46, no. 2 (1986): 495521.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. Mongolian Imperialism. Berkeley: University of California, 1987.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. “Mongols as Vectors for Cultural Transmission.” In CHIA, pp. 135–54.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. “A Note on Mongol Imperial Ideology.” In The Early Mongols: Language, Culture and History: Studies in Honor of Igor de Rachewiltz on the Occasion of His 80th Birthday, edited by Rybatzki, Volker, et al. Bloomington: Denis Sinor Institute for Inner Asian Studies, Indiana University Uralic and Altai Studies 173, 2009, pp. 18.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. “Population Movements in Mongol Eurasia.” In Nomads as Agents of Cultural Change: The Mongols and Their Eurasian Predecessors, edited by Amitai, Reuven and Biran, Michal. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 2014, pp. 119–51.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. “Robing in the Mongolian Empire.” In Robes and Honor: The Medieval World of Investiture, edited by Gordon, Stewart. New York: Palgrave, 2001, pp. 305–13.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. The Royal Hunt in Eurasian History. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, 2006.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. “Sharing out the Empire: Apportioned Lands under the Mongols.” In Nomads in the Sedentary World, edited by Khazanov, Anatoly M. and Wink, André. Richmond: Curzon Press, 2001, pp. 172–90.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. “Spiritual Geography and Political Legitimacy in the Eastern Steppe.” In Ideology and the Formation of Early States, edited by Claessen, Heri and Oosten, Jarich. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 1996, pp. 116–35.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. “Technologies of Governance in the Mongolian Empire: A Geographic Overview.” In Imperial Statecraft: Political Forms and Techniques of Governance in Inner Asia, Sixth-Twentieth Centuries, edited by Sneath, David. Bellington: Center for East Asian Studies, Western Washington University, 2006, pp. 117–40.Google Scholar
Yoshihiko, Amino. Chūsei no hinōgyōmin to tennō. Tokyo: Iwanami shoten, 1980.Google Scholar
Amitai, Reuven. “Mamluks of Mongol Origin and Their Role in Early Mamluk Political Life.” Mamlūk Studies Review 12, no. 1 (2008): 119–37.Google Scholar
Amitai-Preiss, Reuven. Mongols and Mamluks: The Mamluk-Īlkhānid War, 1260–1281. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.Google Scholar
Amitai-Preiss, Reuven. The Mongols in the Islamic lands: Studies in the History of the Ilkhanate. Aldershot: Ashgate/Variorum, 2007.Google Scholar
Andrade, Tonio. The Gunpowder Age: China, Military Innovation, and the Rise of the West in World History. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2016.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anon. Bei ping lu. In GCDG. vol. 1.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
Atwood, Christopher. “Buddhists as Natives: Changing Positions in the Religious Ecology of the Mongol Yuan Dynasty.” In The Middle Kingdom and the Dharma Wheel: Aspects of the Relationship between the Buddhist Saṃgha and the State in Chinese History, edited by Jülch, Thomas. Leiden and Boston: E. J. Brill, 2016, pp. 278321.Google Scholar
Atwood, Christopher. “The Date of the ‘Secret History of the Mongols’ Reconsidered.” Journal of Song-Yuan Studies 37 (2007): 148.Google Scholar
Atwood, Christopher. Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File, Inc, 2004.Google Scholar
Atwood, Christopher. “Historiography and Transformation of Ethnic Identity in the Mongol Empire: The Öng’üt Case.” Asian Ethnicity 15, no. 4 (2014): 514–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Atwood, Christopher. “Imperial Itinerance and Mobile Pastoralism: The State and Mobility in Medieval Inner Asia.” Inner Asia 17, no. 2 (2015): 293349.Google Scholar
Atwood, Christopher. “Worshipping Grace: The Language of Loyalty in Qing Mongolia. Late Imperial China 21, no. 2 (2000): 86139.Google Scholar
Aubin, Françoise. “To Impress the Seal: A Technological Transfer.” In Representing Power in Ancient Inner Asia: Legitimacy, Transmission, and the Sacred, edited by Charleux, Isabelle, DeLaplace, Grégory, Hamayon, Roberte, and Pearce, Scott. Bellingham: Center for East Asian Studies Western Washington University, 2010, pp. 159207.Google Scholar
Aubin, Françoise. “Le Khanat de Cagatai et le Khorassan (1334–1380).” Turcica 8 (1976): 1660.Google Scholar
Ayalon, David. “The Wāfīdīya in the Mamluk Kingdom.” Islamic Culture 25 (1951): 89104 Rpt. in David Ayalon, Studies on the Mamlūks of Egypt (1250–1517). London: Variorum Reprints, 1977.Google Scholar
Jian, Bai and Shougang, Yin. “Liang Wang Bazalawaermi sanshi kao.” Simao shifan gaodeng zhuanke xuexiao xuebao 25, no. 1 (2009): 6870.Google Scholar
Balabanlilar, Lisa. Imperial Identity in the Mughal Empire: Memory and Dynastic Politics in Early Modern Central Asia. New York: I. B. Tauris, 2012.Google Scholar
Shinichirō, Ban. “Amudo-Chibetto bukkyō jiin Atsuan-gonpa (Qutansi) no Chibettobun hibun shokō–Eiraku jūrokunen ‘Kōtei chokuyubi’ no shiryōteiki kachi no kentō o chūshin ni.” Ōtani daigaku daigakuin kenkyū kiyō 22 (2005): 189219.Google Scholar
Shinichirō, Ban. “Minsho ni okeru tai Mongoru seisaku to Kasai in okeru Sakya-Bandeita no Choruten saiken: Kanbun-Chibetto bun taiyaku, Gentoku 5 nen (1430) ‘jūshū Ryōshū Hakutashi’ no reikishiteki haikei.” Ajia-Afurika gengo bunka kenkyū 84 (2009): 3965.Google Scholar
Bao, Qixiang. “Beijing faxian de Shahhalu yinbi.” Zhongguo qianhuo 3 (1999): 6667.Google Scholar
Barrett, Timothy. “Qubilai Qa’an and the Historians: Some Remarks on the Position of the Great Khan in Pre-Modern Chinese Historiography.” In The Mongol Empire and Its Legacy, edited by Amitai-Preiss, Reuven and Morgan, David. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 1999, pp. 250–59.Google Scholar
Batten, Bruce. Gateway to Japan: Hakata in War and Peace, 500–1300. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press, 2006.Google Scholar
Bawden, Charles. The Mongol Chronicle Altan Tobči. Wiesbaden: O. Harrassowitz, 1955.Google Scholar
Beifang minzu daxue, British National Library; guji chenbanshe, Shanghai, minzu xueyuan, Xibei dier, corporate authors. Yingguo guojia tushuguan cang Heishuicheng wenxian. Shanghai: Shanghai guji chubanshe, 2004.Google Scholar
Bemmann, Jan, Erdenebat, Ulambayar, and Pohl, Ernst, editors. Mongolian-German Karakorum Expedition Volume 1, Excavations in the Craftsmen Quarter at the Main Road. Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag, 2010.Google Scholar
Benard, Elisabeth. “The Qianlong Emperor and Tibetan Buddhism.” In New Qing Imperial History: The Making of Inner Asian Empire at Qing Chengde, edited by Millward, James. London: Routledge, 2004, pp. 123–35.Google Scholar
Berger, Patricia. Empire of Emptiness: Buddhist Art and Political Authority in Qing China. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i, 2003.Google Scholar
Aonan, Bi. “Hongwu nianjian Mingchao yu Luchuan wangguo guanxi kaocha.” Zhongguo bianjiang shidi yanjiu 15, no. 2 (2005): 102–11.Google Scholar
Bira, Shagdaryn. Mongolian Historical Writing from 1200 to 1700. Translated from the original Russian by Krueger, John and revised and updated by the author. Bellingham: Center for East Asian Studies, Western Washington University, 2002.Google Scholar
Biran, Michal. “The Chaghadaids and Islam: The Conversion of Tarmashirin Khan.” Journal of the American Oriental Society 122, no. 4 (2002): 742–52.Google Scholar
Biran, Michal. Chinggis Khan. Oxford: Oneworld Publications, 2007, rpt. 2012.Google Scholar
Biran, Michal. “The Mongols in Central Asia from Chinggis Khan’s Invasion to the Rise of Temür: The Ögödeid and Chaghadaid Realms.” In CHIA, pp. 46–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Biran, Michal. Qaidu and the Rise of the Independent Mongol State in Central Asia. Surrey: Curzon, 1997.Google Scholar
Biran, Michal. “Rulers and City Life in Mongol Central Asia.” In Turko-Mongol Rulers, Cities and City Life, edited by Durand-Guédy, David. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2013, pp. 257–83.Google Scholar
Blair, Sheila. “Illustrating History: Rashid al-Din and his Compendium of Chronicles.” Iranian Studies 50 (2017): 819–42.Google Scholar
Blair, Sheila. “Tabriz: International Entrepôt under the Mongols.” In Politics, Patronage and the Transmission of Knowledge in 13th–15th Century Tabriz, edited by Pfeiffer, Judith. Leiden: Brill, 2014, pp. 321–56.Google Scholar
Blair, Sheila. “Timurid Signs of Sovereignty.” Oriente Moderno, Nuova serie, Anno 15 (76), no. 2 (1996): 551–76.Google Scholar
Blochet, Edgar. Introduction á l’Histoire des Mongols. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1910.Google Scholar
Bol, Peter. Neo-Confucianism in History. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2008.Google Scholar
Borschberg, Peter. “The European Musk Trade with Asia in the Early Modern Period.” The Heritage Journal 1, no. 1 (2004): 112.Google Scholar
Boyan, . “Xuanguang, Tianyuan nianhao.” Shehui kexue jikan 3 (1983): 156.Google Scholar
Boyan, Baoyin. “Guanyu Yesudieer.” Chifeng xueyuan xuebao (Hanwen zhexue shehui kexueban) 30, no. 3 (2009): 611.Google Scholar
Boyinhu, . “Bei Yuan yu Mingdai Menggu.” Neimenggu daxue xuebao (zhexue shehui kexue ban)1 (1994): 912. Rpt. in Boyinhu, Mingdai Menggu shilu. Taibei: Meng Zang weiyuanhui, 1998.Google Scholar
Boyinhu, . “Guanyu Bei Yuan hanxi.” Neimenggu daxue xuebao 3 (1987): 4151.Google Scholar
Brack, Jonathan. “Mediating Sacred Kingship: Conversion and Sovereignty in Mongol Iran.” Ph.D. Dissertation. Department of History, University of Michigan, 2016.Google Scholar
Brack, Jonathan. “Theologies of Auspicious Kingship: The Islamization of Chinggisid Sacral Kingship in Medieval Iran.” Comparative Studies in Society and History, 60, no. 4 (2018): 1143–71.Google Scholar
Bretschneider, Emil. Mediæval Researches from Eastern Asiatic Sources. Fragments towards the Knowledge of the Geography and History of Central and Western Asia from the 13th to the 17th century. London: K. Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., Ltd, 1910.Google Scholar
Breuker, Remco. “And Now, Your Highness, We’ll Discuss the Location of Your Hidden Rebel Base: Guerrillas, Rebels and Mongols in Medieval Korea.” Journal of Asian History 46, no. 1 (2012): 5995.Google Scholar
Broadbridge, Anne. Kingship and Ideology in the Islamic and Mongol Worlds. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008.Google Scholar
Broadbridge, Anne. “Marriage, Family and Politics: The Ilkhanid-Oirat Connection.” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Series 3, 26, nos. 1–2 (2016): 121–35.Google Scholar
, Buyankü and Xiong, Wang, compilers. Mingdai Menggu Hanji shiliao huibian. Hohhot: Neimenggu ((Baoyindeligen) daxue chubanshe, 2006–.Google Scholar
Buyandelger, Jigachidai. “Shiwu shiji zhongyeqian de Bei Yuan kehan shixi ji zhengju.” Menggushi yanjiu 6 (2000): 131–55.Google Scholar
Meibiao, Cai. “Mingdai Menggu yu Da Yuan guohao.” Nankai xuebao 1 (1992): 4351.Google Scholar
Yongnian, Cao. “Bei xun siji suojian zhi Bei Yuan zhengju.” Neimenggu daxue xuebao (renwen shehui kexueban) 33, no. 1 (2001): 4855. Rpt. in Cao Yongnian, Mingdai Menggushi congkao. Shanghai: Shanghai guji chubanshe, 2012, pp. 1–18.Google Scholar
Yongnian, Cao. “‘Chuan guo xi’ yu Ming Meng guanxi.” Neimenggu shehui kexue 2 (1990): 6064. Rpt. in Cao Yongnian, Mingdai Menggushi congkao. Shanghai: Shanghai guji chubanshe, 2012, pp. 203–10.Google Scholar
Yongnian, Cao. “Du ‘Mingchao yu Bei Yuan–Menggu guanxi zhi tantao.’” Neimenggu shehui kexue 2 (1985): 2629. Rpt. in Cao Yongnian, Mingdai Menggushi congkao. Shanghai: Shanghai guji chubanshe, 2012, pp. 340–45.Google Scholar
Yongnian, Cao. “Guanyu Bei Yuan Xuanguang Tianyuan chao de ducheng.” Neimenggu daxue xuebao (zhexue shehui kexueban) 30, no. 1 (2001): 310. Rpt. in Cao Yongnian, Mingdai Menggushi congkao. Shanghai: Shanghai guji chubanshe, 2012, pp. 19–32.Google Scholar
Yongnian, Cao. “Mingdai Menggushi bianzuanxue zhaji.” Neimenggu daxue xuebao (zhexue shehui kexueban) 3 (1988): 6772. Rpt. in Cao Yongnian, Mingdai Menggushi congkao. Shanghai: Shanghai guji chubanshe, 2012, pp. 226–34.Google Scholar
Yongnian, Cao. Mingdai Menggushi congkao. Shanghai: Shanghai guji chubanshe, 2012.Google Scholar
Yongnian, Cao. “Yexian yu ‘Da Yuan’–Yexian wanghao, nianhao he hanhao de kaocha.” Menggushi yanjiu 5 (1997): 169–76. Rpt. in Cao Yongnian, Mingdai Menggushi congkao. Shanghai: Shanghai guji chubanshe, 2012, pp. 54–66.Google Scholar
Yongnian, Cao. editor, Menggu minzu tongshi, vol. 3. Hohhot: Neimenggu daxue chubanshe, 2002.Google Scholar
Cartwright, Caroline, Duffy, Christina, and Wang, Helen. “Paper Money of the Ming Dynasty: Examining the Material Evidence.” In Ming China: Courts and Contacts, 1400–1450, edited by Clunas, Craig, Harrison-Hall, Jessica, and Yu-ping, Luk. London: British Museum Press, 2016, pp. 170–77.Google Scholar
Chan, Hok-lam. “Guanyu Ming Taizu huangdi qinlu de shiliao.” Rpt. in Chan, Hok-lam Chan, Song Ming shi luncong. Hong Kong: Zhongwen daxue chubanshe, 2012, pp. 257–94. Also rpt. in Mingshi yanjiu luncong 6 (2004): 76–98.Google Scholar
Chan, Hok-lam. “Ming Taizu zhi Gaoli guowang de baihua shengzhi.” In Hok-lam, Chan, Song Ming shi luncong. Hong Kong: Xianggang Zhongwen daxue chubanshe, 2012, pp. 223–55. Also rpt. in Mingshi yanjiu luncong 8 (2010): 47–60.Google Scholar
Chan, Hok-lam. “Mingchao ‘guohao’ de yuanqi “huode’ wenti.” Zhongguo wenhua yanjiusuo xuebao 50 (2009). Rpt. in Hok-lam Chan, Mingchu de renwu, shishi yu chuanshuo. Beijing: Beijing daxue chubanshe, 2010, pp. 1–35.Google Scholar
Chan, Hok-lam. “Mingchu Chaoxian ‘ruchao’ huanguan juyu: Hae Su shiji tansuo.” Gugong xueshu jikan 16, no. 4 (1999): 5793.Google Scholar
Chan, Hok-lam. “‘Zhenwushen Yonglexiang’ chuanshuo suyuan.” In Chan, Hok-lam, Mingdai renwu yu chuanshuo. Hong Kong: Zhongwen daxue chubanshe, 1997, pp. 87127.Google Scholar
Bide (Peter), Chang. “Taizu huangdi qinlu.” Gugong tushu jikan 1, no. 4 (1971): 71113.Google Scholar
Tong’ik, Chang. Koryǒ hugi oegyosa yŏn’gu. Seoul: Ilchogak, 1994.Google Scholar
Tong’ik, Chang. Mongoru teikokki no Hokutō Ajia. Tokyo: Kyūko shoin, 2016.Google Scholar
Chann, Naindeep Singh. “Lord of the Auspicious Conjunction: Origins of the Ṣāḥib-Qirān.” Iran & the Caucasus 13, no. 1 (2009): 93110.Google Scholar
Charleux, Isabelle. “From Onggan to Icon: Legitimization, Glorification and Divinization of Power in Some Examples of Mongol Portraits.” In Representing Power in Ancient Inner Asia: Legitimacy, Transmission and the Sacred, edited by Charleux, Isabelle, Delaplace, Grégory, Hamayon, Roberte, and Pearce, Scott. Bellingham, WA: Western Washington University, 2010, pp. 209–60.Google Scholar
Chase, Kenneth. “Mongol Intentions towards Japan in 1266: Evidence from a Mongol Letter to the Sung.” Sino-Japanese Studies Journal 9, no. 2 (1997): 1223.Google Scholar
Bo, Chen. “Haiyun chuanhu yu Yuanmo haikou.” Shilin 2 (2010): 105–11.Google Scholar
Chaohui, Chen. “Heishuicheng chutu Bei Yuan chuqi Hanwen wenshu chutan.” Xi Xia yanjiu 4 (2015): 6871.Google Scholar
Gaohua, Chen. “Autocracy of the Early Ming Depicted in the Great Warnings (Da gao).” Chinese Studies in History 33, no. 3 (2000): 2849.Google Scholar
Gaohua, Chen. “Guanyu Zhu Yuanzhang wen de zhengli wenti.” Ming Qing luncong 1 (1999): 99104.Google Scholar
Gaohua, Chen. “Heicheng Yuandai zhanchi dengjibu chutan.” Zhongguo shehui kexueyuan yanjiusheng xuebao 5 (2002): 4956. Rpt. in Chen Gaohua, Chen Gaohua wenji. Shanghai: Shanghai cishu chubanshe, 2005, pp. 94–107.Google Scholar
Gaohua, Chen. “Lun Zhu Yuanzhang he Yuanchao de guanxi.” Xueshu yuekan 5 (1980). Rpt. in Chen Gaohua, Yuanshi yanjiu lungao. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1991, pp. 316–27.Google Scholar
Gaohua, Chen. “Shisi shiji lai Zhongguo de Riben sengren.” Wenshi 18 (1983): 131–49.Google Scholar
Gaohua, Chen. “Shuo Yuanmo Hongjinjun de sanlu beifa.” Lishi jiaoxue 5 (1981): 21–25.Google Scholar
Gaohua, Chen. “Shuo Zhu Yuanzhang de zhaoling.” Rpt. in Gaohua, Chen, Chen Gaohua wenji. Shanghai: Shanghai cishu chubanshe, 2005, pp. 506–21.Google Scholar
Gaohua, Chen. “Yuan Zhongdu de xingfei.” Wenwu chunqiu 42 (1998): 1720.Google Scholar
Gaohua, Chen. “Yuandai Xinjiang he Zhongyuan Hanzu diqu de jingji, wenhua jiaoliu.” Xinjiang lishi lunwenji. Urumqi: Xinjiang renmin chubanshe, 1978. Rpt. in Chen Gaohua, Yuanchao shishi xinzheng. Lanzhou: Lanzhou daxue chubanshe, 2010, pp. 324–34.Google Scholar
Gaohua, Chen. “Yuanmo nongmin qiyijun minghao xiaoding.” Nankai daxue xuebao 2 (1979): 9596.Google Scholar
Gaohua, Chen. “Yuanmo nongmin qiyizhong nanfang Hanzu dizhu de zhengzhi dongxiang.” Xinjianshe 11–12 (1964). Rpt. in Chen Gaohua, Yuanshi yanjiu lungao. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1991, pp. 268–89.Google Scholar
Gaohua, Chen. “Yuanmo Zhedong dizhu yu Zhu Yuanzhang.” Xinjianshe 5 (1963). Rpt. in Chen Gaohua, Yuanshi yanjiu lungao. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1991, pp. 290–306.Google Scholar
Gaohua, Chen. “Yuan shi zuanxiu kao.” Lishi yanjiu 4 (1990): 115–29.Google Scholar
Gaohua, Chen and Weimin, Shi. Yuandai Dadu Shangdu yanjiu. Beijing: Zhongguo Renmin daxue chubanshe, 2010.Google Scholar
Guang’en, Chen. “Heishuicheng chutu Yuandai Daojiao wenshu chutan.” Ningxia shehui kexue 3 (2015): 125–29.Google Scholar
Guangwen, Chen. “Dunhuang Mogaoku di 237 ku Bei Yuan shiqi Hanwen youren tiji kaoshi.” Xi Xia yanjiu 4 (2015): 8891.Google Scholar
Jian, Chen (1497–1567). Huang Ming tong ji. 1555. Rpt. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 2008.Google Scholar
Ruiqing, Chen. “Heishuicheng Yuandai wenxianzhong de ‘Anding wang’ jiqi budui.” Nanjing shifan daxuebao (shehui kexueban) 5 (2012): 110–15.Google Scholar
Wei, Chen. “Yuandai Yijinailu Yisilan shehui tanxin.” Xiyu yanjiu 1 (2010): 9–16.Google Scholar
Wuqiang, Chen. “Ming Hongwuchao duiMeng zhanzheng de shikong fenbu.” Beifang luncong 6 (2014): 114–18.Google Scholar
Wutong, Chen. Hongwu huangdi dazhuan. Zhengzhou: Henan Renmin chubanshe, 1993.Google Scholar
Xiaofa, Chen. Mingdai ZhongRi wenhua jiaoliushi yanjiu. Beijing: Shangwu yinshuguan, 2011.Google Scholar
Zilong, Chen (1608–47). Huang Ming jing shi wen bian. 1638. Rpt. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1962; third printing 1997.Google Scholar
Minzheng, Cheng (1446–99), compiler. Huang Ming wen heng. Rpt. Taibei: Shijie shuju, 1967.Google Scholar
Ching, Dora. “Icons of Rulership: Imperial Portraiture during the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644).” Ph.D. Dissertation, Princeton University, 2011.Google Scholar
Ching, Dora. “Tibetan Buddhism and the Creation of the Ming Imperial Image.” In Culture, Courtiers, and Competition: The Ming Court (1368–1644), edited by Robinson, David. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2008, pp. 321–64.Google Scholar
Ching, Dora. “Visual Images of Hongwu.” In Long Live the Emperor! Uses of the Ming Founder across Six Centuries of East Asian History, edited by Schneewind, Sarah. Minneapolis: Society for Ming Studies, 2008, pp. 171209.Google Scholar
Byonghyon, Choi. The Annals of King T’aejo. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2014.Google Scholar
In-ji, Chŏng. Koryŏsa. 1454. Rpt. Tokyo: Kokusho kankōkai, 1908.Google Scholar
Mongju, Chŏng. P’oŭn chip. Rpt. in HGMJ, vol. 5.Google Scholar
Clavijo, Ruy González de. Kelaweiyue dongshiji. Translated by Zhaojun, Yang. Shanghai: Shangwu yinshuguan, 1957.Google Scholar
Clavijo, Ruy González de. Narrative of the Spanish Embassy to the Court of Timur at SamarCand in the Years, AD 1403–1406. Trans. Le Strange, Guy. London: Hakluyt Society; rpt. London: Routledge, 1928.Google Scholar
Cleaves, Francis. “An Early Mongolian Loan Contract from Qara Qoto.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 18, no. 1/2 (1955): 149.Google Scholar
Cleaves, Francis. Revised and Edited by de Rachewiltz, Igor. “An Early Mongolian Version of the Hsiao Ching.” Acta Orientalia 59, no. 4 (2006): 393406Google Scholar
Cleaves, Francis. “The Initial Formulae in a Communication of a Mongolian Viceroy to the King of Korea.” Journal of Turkish Studies 3 (1979): 6588.Google Scholar
Cleaves, Francis. “The Lingǰi of Aruγ of 1340. Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 25 (1964–65): 3179.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cleaves, Francis. “The Memorial for Presenting the ‘Yüan shih.’’’ Asia Major Third Series 1, no. 1 (1988): 5969.Google Scholar
Cleaves, Francis. “The ‘Postscript to the Table of Contents of the Yuan shih.’Journal of Song-Yuan Studies 23 (1993): 118.Google Scholar
Cleaves, Francis. “The Sino-Mongolian Inscription of 1338 in Memory of Jingüntei.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 14, no. 1/2 (1951): 1104.Google Scholar
Cleaves, Francis. “The Sino-Mongolian Inscription of 1346.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 15, no. 1/2 (1952): 1123.Google Scholar
Clunas, Craig. “Connected Material Histories: A Response.” Modern Asian Studies 50, no. 1 (2016): 6174.Google Scholar
Clunas, Craig. “Precious Stones and Ming Culture, 1400–1450.” In Ming China: Courts and Contact,1400–1450, edited by Clunas, Craig, Harrison-Hall, Jessica, and Yu-ping, Luk. London: British Museum Press, 2016, pp. 236–44.Google Scholar
Clunas, Craig. Screen of Kings: Royal Art and Power in Ming China. London: Reaktion Books, 2013.Google Scholar
Clunas, Craig, and Harrison-Hall, Jessica, editors. Ming 50 Years That Changed China. London: British Museum, 2014.Google Scholar
Clunas, Craig, Harrison-Hall, Jessica, and Yu-ping, Luk, editors. Ming China: Courts and Contact, 1400–1450. London: British Museum Press, 2016.Google Scholar
Confucius. The Analects. Translated by Lau, D. C.. London: Penguin Classics, 1979, rpt. 1988.Google Scholar
Haiping, Cong. “Heicheng chutu wenshu suojian Haidu zhi luan shiqi Yijinai de junliang gongji.” Yunnan shifan daxue xuebao (zhexue shehui kexueban) 4 (2009): 3035.Google Scholar
Conlan, Thomas. In Little Need of Divine Intervention: Takezaki Suenaga’s Scrolls of the Mongol Invasions of Japan. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2001.Google Scholar
Conlan, Thomas. From Sovereign to Symbol: An Age of Ritual Determinism in Fourteenth-Century Japan. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Conlan, Thomas. State of War: The Violent Order of Fourteenth-Century Japan. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan, 2003.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
di Cosmo, Nicola. Ancient China and Its Enemies: The Rise of Nomadic Power in East Asian History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.Google Scholar
di Cosmo, Nicola. “Nurhaci’s Gambit: Sovereignty as Concept and Praxis in the Rise of the Manchus.” In The Scaffolding of Sovereignty: Global and Aesthetic Perspectives on the History of a Concept, edited by Benite, Zvi Ben-Dor, et al. New York: Columbia University Press, 2017, pp. 102–23.Google Scholar
di Cosmo, Nicola. “Nurhaci’s Names.” In Representing Power in Ancient Inner Asia: Legitimacy, Transmission and the Sacred, edited by Charleux, Isabelle et al. Bellingham: Western Washington University, 2010, pp. 271–79Google Scholar
di Cosmo, Nicola. “Qing Colonial Administration.” The International History Review XX, no. 2 (1998): 287309.Google Scholar
di Cosmo, Nicola. “Why Qara Qorum? Climate and Geography in the Early Mongol Empire.” Archivum Eurasiae Medii Aevi 21 (2014): 6778.Google Scholar
di Cosmo, Nicola and Bao, Dalizhibu. Manchu-Mongol Relations on the Eve of the Qing Conquest: A Documentary History. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2003.Google Scholar
Hongyi, Dai. “Guanyu Bei Yuanshi de jige wenti.” Neimeng minzu shifan xueyuan xuebao 2 (1987): 24, 6771.Google Scholar
Hui, Dai. “Mingdai Daliwei de quanli shanbian jiqi shehui yingxiang.” Jiangsu shifan daxue xuebao (zhexue shehui kexueban) 41, no. 6 (2015): 5763.Google Scholar
Xiyan, Dai. “Menggu Hongjilabu de lishi huodong yu Yuandai Yingchanglu de shehui zuoyong.” Xuebao (Dalian minzu xueyuan) 2 (2006): 1113, 24.Google Scholar
Dale, Stephen. The Garden of the Eight Paradises: Bābur and the Culture of Empire in Central Asia, Afghanistan, and India (1483–1530). Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2004.Google Scholar
Dale, Stephen. “The Later Timurids c. 1450–526.” In CHIA, pp. 199–217.Google Scholar
Hiroshi, Danjō. Mindai kaikin chōkō shisutemu to kai chitsujo. Kyoto: Kyōto daigaku gakujitsu shuppankai, 2013.Google Scholar
Dardess, John. Confucianism and Autocracy: Professional Elites in the Founding of the Ming Dynasty. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983.Google Scholar
Dardess, John. Conquerors and Confucians: Aspects of Political Change in Late Yüan China. New York: Columbia University Press, 1973.Google Scholar
Dardess, John. “From Civil War to Ming Founding: The Verbal Photography of Liu Song.” Ming Studies 69 (2014): 526.Google Scholar
Dardess, John. “From Mongol Empire to Yüan Dynasty: Changing Forms of Imperial Rule in Mongolia and Central Asia.” Monumenta Serica 30 (1972–73): 117–65.Google Scholar
Dardess, John. “Ming Tai-Tsu on the Yüan: An Autocrat’s Assessment of the Mongol Dynasty.” Bulletin of Sung and Yüan Studies 14 (1978): 611.Google Scholar
Dardess, John. “Shun-ti and the End of Yüan Rule.” In CHC 6: 561–86.Google Scholar
Dardess, John. “The Transformations of Messianic Revolt and the Founding of the Ming Dynasty.” Journal of Asian Studies 29, no. 3 (1970): 539–58.Google Scholar
Darijab (Dalizhabu), . “Bei Yuan chuqi shishi lüeshu.” Neimengu shehui kexue (wenshizheban) 5 (1990). Rpt. in Dalizhabu (Darijab), Ming Qing Menggushi lungao. Beijing: Renmin chubanshe, 2003, pp. 1–19.Google Scholar
Darijab (Dalizhabu), . “Bei Yuanshi yanjiu santi.” Heilongjiang minzu congkan 2 (1991). Rpt. in Dalizhabu, Ming Qing Menggushi lungao. Beijing: Renmin chubanshe, 2003, pp. 219–30.Google Scholar
Darijab (Dalizhabu), . “Bei Yuan zhengzhi zhidu de yanbian jiqi lishi fenqi.” Minda shixue 1 (1996). Rpt. in Dalizhabu Ming Qing Menggushi lungao. Beijing: Renmin chubanshe, 2003, pp. 82–101.Google Scholar
Debreczeny, Karl. “The Early Ming Imperial Atelier on the Tibetan Frontier.” In Ming China: Courts and Contacts 1400–1450, edited by Clunas, Craig, Harrison-Hall, Jessica, and Yu-ping, Luk. London: British Museum Press, 2016, pp. 152–62.Google Scholar
Debreczeny, Karl. “Sino-Tibetan Artistic Synthesis in Ming Dynasty Temples at the Core and Periphery.” The Tibet Journal 28, no. 1/2 (2003): 49108.Google Scholar
de Rachelwitz, Igor. “The Preclassical Mongolian Version of the Hsiao-ching.” Zentralasiatische Studien 16 (1982): 7109.Google Scholar
de Rachelwitz, Igor. “Some Remarks on the Ideological Foundations of Chinggis Khan’s Empire.” Papers on Far Eastern History 7 (1973): 2136.Google Scholar
DeWeese, Devin. “‘Stuck in the Throat of Chingīz Khan’: Envisioning the Mongol Conquests in Some Sufi Accounts from the 14th to 17th Centuries. In History and Historiography of Post-Mongol Central Asia and the Middle East: Studies in Honour of John E. Woods, edited by Pfeiffer, Judith. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2006, pp. 2360.Google Scholar
Hyeon-chol, Do. “Analysis of Recently Discovered Late-Koryŏ Civil Service Examination Answer Sheets.” Korean Studies 41 (2017): 152–72.Google Scholar
Dreyer, Edward. “The Chi-Shih-Lu of Yü Pen: A Note on the Sources of the Founding of the Ming Dynasty.” The Journal of Asian Studies 31, no. 4 (1972): 901–4.Google Scholar
Dreyer, Edward. Early Ming China: A Political History 1355–1435. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1982.Google Scholar
Dreyer, Edward. “Military Origins of Ming China.” In CHC 7: 58–106.Google Scholar
Dreyer, Edward. “The Poyang Campaign, 1363: Inland Naval Warfare in the Founding of the Ming Dynasty.” In Chinese Ways in Warfare, edited by Kierman, Frank and Fairbank, John. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1974, pp. 202–42.Google Scholar
Hongtao, Du. “Yanshantang bie ji suozai Ping wei Zhou bang kanwu.” Zhongguo dianji yu wenhua 82 (2012): 137–41.Google Scholar
Lihui, Du. “E cang Heishuicheng Suzhoulu guanyuan minglu wenshu kaoshi.” Xi Xia xue 5 (2010): 7980.Google Scholar
Lihui, Du, Ruiqing, Chen, and Jianlu, Zhu. “Heishuicheng Yuandai Hanwen junzheng wenshu de shuliang goucheng jiqi jiazhi.” Ningxia shehui kexue 2 (2012): 181–21. Rpt. and slightly expanded in Du Lihui, Chen Ruiqing, and Zhu Jianlu. Heishuicheng Yuandai Hanwen junzheng wenshu yanjiu. Tianjin: Tianjin guji chubanshe, 2015, pp. 3–12.Google Scholar
Lihui, Du, Ruiqing, Chen, and Jianlu, Zhu. Heishuicheng Yuandai Hanwen junzheng wenshu yanjiu. Tianjin: Tianjin chuban meiti tuanti and Tianjin guji chubanshe, 2015.Google Scholar
Yuting, Du. “Dali zhanshu yu Zhu Yuanzhang de pingDian guoce.” Zhongguo bianjiang shidi yanjiu 1 (1991): 6977.Google Scholar
Yuting, Du. “Shilun Dali zhanshu.” Yunnan shehui kexue 5 (1990): 7278.Google Scholar
Duara, Prasenjit. “Asia Redux: Conceptualizing a Region for Our Times.” The Journal of Asian Studies 69, no. 4 (2010): 963–83.Google Scholar
Ḥaydar Dūghlāt, Muḥammad (Mirza Muhammand Haidar), History of the Mughals of Central Asia Being the Tarikh-i-rashidi, translated by Ross, E. Denison and edited by Elias, N. (second edition, London, 1898; reprint, New York: Praeger Publishers, 1970); Tarikh-i-Rashid A History of the Khans of Moghulistan, English translation and annotation by W. M. Thackston. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1996.Google Scholar
Duindam, Jeroen. “Court as Meeting Point”? In Prince, Pen, and Sword: Eurasian Perspectives, edited by van Berkel, Maaike and Duindam, Jeroen. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2018, pp. 32128.Google Scholar
Duindam, Jeroen. Dynasties: A Global History of Power, 1300?1800. London: Cambridge University Press, 2016.Google Scholar
Dunnell, Ruth. “Locating the Tangut Military Establishment: Uraqai (Wulahai) and the Heishui Zhenyan Army.” Monumenta Serica 40 (1992): 219–34.Google Scholar
Elikhina, Iulia. “The Most Interesting Artefacts from Karakorum in the Collection of the State Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg.” In Mongolian-German Karakorum Expedition, Volume 1, Excavations in the Craftsmen Quarter at the Main Road, edited by Bemmann, Jan, Erdenebat, Ulambayar, and Pohl, Ernst. Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag, 2010, pp. 3947.Google Scholar
Elverskog, Johan. Buddhism and Islam on the Silk Road. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2010.Google Scholar
Elverskog, Johan. The Jewel Translucent Sutra: Altan Khan and the Mongols in the Sixteenth Century. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2003.Google Scholar
Elverskog, Johan. “The Legend of Muna Mountain.” Inner Asia 8 (2006): 99122.Google Scholar
Elverskog, Johan. Our Great Qing: The Mongols, Buddhism and the State in Late Imperial China. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 2006.Google Scholar
Kazuo, Enoki. “Fu An’s Mission to Central Asia.” Memoirs of the Toyo Bunko 35 (1977): 219–31.Google Scholar
Wataru, Enomoto. “Genmatsu nairanki no Nichi-Gen kōtsū.” Tōyō gakuhō 84, no. 1 (2002): 131.Google Scholar
Wataru, Enomoto. “Junteichō zenpanki ni okeru Nichi-Gen kōtsū. Nihon rekishi 640 (2001): 1834.Google Scholar
Wataru, Enomoto. “Jūyon seiki kōhan, Nihon ni torai shita hitobito.” Harukanaru chūsei 20 (2003): 2554.Google Scholar
Wataru, Enomoto. “NyūGen Nihonsō Chintei Kaiju to Genmatsu Minsho no Nicchū kōryū: Shinshutsu sōden no shōkai wo kanete.” Tōyōshi kenkyū (2011): 260–98.Google Scholar
Erdenebat, Ulambayar and Pohl, Ernst. “The Crossroads in Khara Khorum: Excavations at the Center of the Mongol Empire.” In Genghis Khan and the Mongol Empire, edited by Fitzhugh, William, Rossabi, Morris, and Honeychurch, William. Media: Dino Don; Mongolian Preservation Foundation; Washington, DC: Arctic Studies Center, Smithsonian Institution, 2009, pp. 137–45.Google Scholar
Erdenebat, Ulambayar, Janßen-Kim, Melanie, and Pohl, Ernst. “Two Ceramic Deposits from the Territory of Karakorum.” In Mongolian-German Karakorum Expedition, Volume 1, Excavations in the Craftsmen Quarter at the Main Road, edited by Bemmann, Jan, Erdenebat, Ulambayar, and Pohl, Ernst. Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag, 2010, pp. 4962.Google Scholar
Shuzhi, Fan. Mingshi jiaogao. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 2012.Google Scholar
Yongxue, Fan and Deng, Wentao. “Heicheng chutu de jujianxin yu Bei Yuan chuqi sanwei zongwang de quxiang.” Xi Xia yanjiu 11 (2015): 277–83.Google Scholar
Yongyong, Fan and Xiaoxia, Wang. “Hongwu nianjian Mingchao yu Samaerhan de chaogong guanxi lunshu.” Yili shifa xueyuan xuebao (shehui kexue ban)” 1 (2014): 3741.Google Scholar
Hui, Fang. “‘Bei Yuan’ shiqi de Jia Yuan guanxi–Yuandai Yunnan minzu guanxi yanjiu zhi wu.” Yunnan jiaoyu xueyuan xuebao 2 (1990): 3540.Google Scholar
Hui, Fang. “Dali zongguan Duanshi yu Yuan Meng zhengquan guanxi pouxi.” Guangxi minzu yanjiu 2 (1990): 8690.Google Scholar
Hui, Fang. “Tianli bingbian zhi hou de Duan Yuan guanxi.” Yunnan shehui kexue 6 (1989): 7176, p. 29.Google Scholar
Hui, Fang. “Xingsheng, zongwang, Duanshi bingli shiqi de Duan Yuan guanxi.” Sixiang zhanxian 6 (1989): 6772.Google Scholar
Linggui, Fang. “Guanyu Beiyuan Xuanguang nianhao de kaozheng.” Gugong bowuyuan yuankan 1 (1979): 5962.Google Scholar
Linggui, Fang. “Yuanshi zuanxiu zakao.” Shehui kexue zhanxian 2 (1992): 161–72. Rpt. in Fang Linggui, Yuanshi congkao. Beijing: Minzu chubanshe, 2004, pp. 1–49.Google Scholar
Linggui, Fang. “Yunnanwang cangjing bei xintanMinzu yanjiu 4 (1990). Rpt. in Fang Linggui, Yuanshi congkao. Beijing: Minzu chubanshe, 2004, pp. 275–90.Google Scholar
Zhenhua, Fang. “Yidi wu bainian zhi yun–yunshulun yu yixiaguan de fenxi.” Taida lishi xuebao 60 (2017): 159–91.Google Scholar
Farmer, Edward. Zhu Yuanzhang and Early Ming Legislation: The Reordering of Chinese Society Following the End of Mongol Rule. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 1995.Google Scholar
Farquhar, David. “The Official Seals and Ciphers of the Yüan Period.” Monumenta Serica 25 (1966): 362–93.Google Scholar
Fernqest, Jon. “Crucible of War: Burma and the Ming in the Tai Frontier Zone (1382–1454).” School of Oriental and African Studies Bulletin of Burma Research 4, no. 2 (2006): 2781.Google Scholar
Fiaschetti, Francesca. “Tradition, Innovation and the Construction of Qubilai’s Diplomacy.” Ming Qing yanjiu 18 (2013–14): 133–58.Google Scholar
Findlay, Ronald and Mats, Lundahl. “The First Globalization Episode: The Creation of the Mongol Empire, or the Economics of Chinggis Khan.” In The Economics of the Frontier: Conquest and Settlement. London, Palgrave Macmillan, 2017, pp. 173221.Google Scholar
Fischel, Walter. Ibn Khaldun and Tamerlane. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1952.Google Scholar
Fletcher, Joseph. “China and Central Asia, 1368–1884.” In Chinese World Order: Traditional China’s Foreign Relations, edited by Fairbank, John. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1968, pp. 206–24.Google Scholar
Fletcher, Joseph. “The Mongols: Ecological and Social Perspectives.” Harvard Journal of Asian Studies 46, no. 1 (1986): 1150.Google Scholar
Fogel, Joshua. Articulating the Sinosphere: Sino-Japanese Relations in Space and Time. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Franke, Herbert. “Could the Mongol Emperors Read and Write Chinese.” In Franke, Herbert, China under Mongol Rule. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing; Brookfield: Variorium, 1994, pt. V, pp. 2841.Google Scholar
Franke, Wolfgang. “Historial Writing during the Ming.” In CHC 7: 726–82.Google Scholar
Franke, Wolfgang. An Introduction to the Sources of Ming History. Kuala Lumpur: University of Malaya Press, 1968.Google Scholar
Fanwei, Fu. “Cong ‘Yu Zhongyuan xi’ de chuanchao kan Mingdai huayi zhengtongguan de zhuanbian.” Mingdai yanjiu 22 (2014): 5176.Google Scholar
Tateki, Fujishima. “Gen no Juntei to sono jidai.” Ōtani gakuhō 49, no. 4 (1970): 5065.Google Scholar
Akiyoshi, Fujita. “‘Ransusan no ran’ to Higashi Ajia no kaiiki sekai: jūyon seiki no Tansan guntō to Kōrai-Nihon.” Rekishigaku kenyū 698 (1997): 2233.Google Scholar
Susumu, Fuma. “Chūgoku kinsei no taigai kankei.” In Higashi Ajia kinsei kindaishi kenkyū, edited by Mitsuo, Yoshida. Tokyo: Hōsōdaigaku kyōikushinkōkai, 2017, pp. 97117.Google Scholar
Susumu, Fuma. “Min Shin Chūgoku no taiChōsen gaiko ni okeru ‘rei’ to ‘monzai.’” In Chūgoku Higashi Ajia gaikō kōryūshi no kenkyū, edited by Susumu, Fuma. Kyoto: Kyōto daigaku gakujutsu shuppankai, 2007, pp. 315–53.Google Scholar
Susumu, Fuma. “Ming–Qing China’s Policy towards Vietnam as a Mirror of Its Policy towards Korea: With a Focus on the Question of Investiture and ‘Punitive Expeditions.’Memoirs of the Research Department of the Tōyō Bunko 65 (2007): 133.Google Scholar
Yoshiyuki, Funada. “Unnan ni okeru Mongorushi kanren no shiseki bunbutsu no genjō.” Nihon Mongoru gakkai kiyō 36 (2006): 7174.Google Scholar
Yoshiyuki, Funada. “Nihonen gaikō bunsho kara mita Dai Mongorukoku no bunsho keishiki no tenkai – bōtō teikeiku no kadokiteki hyōgen o chūshin ni.” Shien 146 (2009): 123.Google Scholar
Gao, Yongjiu. “Tiemuer yu Zhongguo.” Zhongyang minzu daxue xuebao (shehui kexueban) 2 (1999): 5558.Google Scholar
Goble, Andrew. Kenmu: Go-Daigo’s Revolution. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 1996.Google Scholar
Goble, Andrew. “Kajiwara Shōzen (1265–1337) and the Medical Silk Road: Chinese and Arabic Influences on Medieval Japanese Medicine.” In Tools of Culture: Japan’s Cultural, Intellectual, Medical, and Technological Contacts in East Asia, 1000–1500s, edited by Goble, Andrew, Robinson, Kenneth, and Wakabayashi, Haruko. Ann Arbor, MI: Association for Asian Studies, 2009, pp. 231–57.Google Scholar
Golden, Peter. “Imperial Ideology and the Sources of Political Unity Amongst the Pre-Činggisid Nomads of Western Eurasia.” Archivum Eurasiae Medii Aevi 2 (1982): 3776.Google Scholar
Golden, Peter. “Imperial Ideology and the Sources Empire in Asia, c. 1000–1800.” Journal of Global History 2 (2002): 121.Google Scholar
Golden, Peter. “Migrations, Ethnogenesis.” In CHIA, pp. 109–19.Google Scholar
Gommans, Jos. “Imperial Ideology and the Sources Empire in Asia, c. 1000–1800.” Journal of Global History 2 (2002): 121.Google Scholar
Gomanns, Jos. Mughal Warfare: Indian Frontiers and Highroads to Empire, 1500–1700. London: Routledge, 2002.Google Scholar
Gomanns, Jos. “Warhorses and Post-Nomadic Empire in Asia, c. 1000–1800.” Journal of Global History 2 (2002): 121.Google Scholar
Grupper, Samuel. “A Barulas Family Narrative in the Yuan Shih: Some Neglected Prosopgraphical and Institutional Sources on Timurid Sources.” Archivum Eurasiae medii aevi 8 (1992–94): 1197.Google Scholar
Grupper, Samuel. “Manchu Patronage and Tibetan Buddhism during the First Half of the Ch’ing Dynasty.” Journal of the Tibet Society 4 (1984): 4775.Google Scholar
Cheng, Gu. Mingmo nongmin zhanzhengshi. Rpt. Beijing: Guangming ribao chubanshe, 2012.Google Scholar
Yingtai, Gu. Ming shi ji shi ben mo. 1658. Rpt. Taibei: Sanlian shuju, 1985.Google Scholar
Guo, Xiaohang. “Yuan Yuwang Alatenashili kaoshu.” Shehui kexue 9 (2007): 176–83.Google Scholar
Guo, Zhaobin. “You Heishuicheng wenshu kan Bei Yuan shiqi suzheng lianfangsi genghuan guanlizhong de zuoyong.” Yuanshi luncong 14 (2014): 490–95.Google Scholar
Jiahui, Guo. See Kwok Ka Fai.Google Scholar
Haenisch, Erich. Sino-Mongolische Dokumente vom Ende des 14. Jahrhunderts. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1952.Google Scholar
Hall, John. “Muromachi Bakufu.” In The Cambridge History of Japan Volume 3 Medieval Japan, edited by Yamamura, Kozo. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990, pp. 175230.Google Scholar
Halperin, Charles. “The Ideology of Silence: Prejudice and Pragmatism on the Medieval Religious Frontier.” Comparative Studies in Society and History 26, no. 3 (1984): 442–66Google Scholar
Halperin, Charles. “Ivan IV and Chinggis Khan.” Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas 4 (2003): 481–97.Google Scholar
Halperin, Charles. “The Kipchak Connection: The Ilkhans, the Mamluks and Ayn Jalut.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 63, no. 2 (2000): 229–45.Google Scholar
Halperin, Charles. “The Missing Golden Horde Chronicles and Historiography in the Mongol Empire.” Mongolian Studies: Journal of the Mongolia Society 23 (2000): 115.Google Scholar
Halperin, Charles. Russia and the Golden Horde: The Mongol Impact on Medieval Russian History. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1985.Google Scholar
Halperin, Charles. The Tatar Yoke. Columbus, IN: Slavica Publishers, Inc., 1986.Google Scholar
Hambis, Louis. Le chapitre CVIII du Yuan che: les fiefs attribués aux membres de la famille impériale et aux ministres de la cour mongole d’après l’histoire chinoise officielle de la dynastie mongole. Leiden: Brill, 1954.Google Scholar
Zhiyuan, Han. “Lüelun Jin Fuzhou diqu zai Meng Jin zhanzheng qijian de zhanlüe diwei ji Yuan Wuzong zai Fuzhou jian Yuan Zhongdu de junshi yuanyin.” Wenwu chunqiu 3 (1998): 2528, 40.Google Scholar
Hansen, Valerie. The Open Empire: A History of China to 1600. New York: Norton, 2000.Google Scholar
Masai, Hanuki. “NyūMinsō Chintei Kaiju hyōden.” Komazawa shigaku 5 (1956): 8087.Google Scholar
Rie, Harada. “Jūgo seki Mongoru no shihai kenryoku no henyō.” Kiyō Aoyama gakuin daigaku bungakubu 30 (1988): 7795.Google Scholar
Harris, Lane. “‘The Arteries and Veins’ of the Imperial Body: The Nature of the Relay and Post Station System in the Ming Dynasty, 1368–1644.” Journal of Early Modern History 19 (2015): 287310.Google Scholar
Harris, Lane. “Into the Frontier: The Relay System and Ming Empire in the Borderlands, 1368–1449.” Ming Studies 72 (2015): 323.Google Scholar
, Hashimoto. Chūka gensō: karamono to gaikō no Muromachi jidaishi. Tokyo: Bensei shuppan, 2011.Google Scholar
, Hashimoto. “Wakōron no yukue.” In Kaiiki Ajiashi kenkyū nyūmon, edited by Shirō, Momoki. Tokyo: Iwanami shoten, 2008, pp. 8084.Google Scholar
Haufler, Marsha (Weidner). “Buddhist Pictorial Art in the Ming Dynasty: Patronage, Regionalism, and Internationalism.” In Latter Days of the Law: Images of Chinese Buddhism, 870–1850, edited by Haufler, Marsha (Weidner). Lawrence, KS: Spencer Museum of Art; Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 1994, 5187.Google Scholar
Haufler, Marsha (Weidner). “Faces of Transnational Buddhism at the Early Ming Court.” In Ming China: Courts and Contacts, 1400–1450, edited by Clunas, Craig, Harrison-Hall, Jessica, and Yu-ping, Luk. London: British Museum Press, 2016, pp. 143–51.Google Scholar
Haufler, Marsha (Weidner). “Imperial Engagements with Buddhist Art and Architecture.” In Cultural Intersections in Later Chinese Buddhism, edited by Haufler, Marsha (Weidner). Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 2001, 117–44.Google Scholar
Haw, Stephen. “The Semu ren in the Yuan Empire.” Ming Qing Yanjiu XVIII (2013–14): 3963.Google Scholar
He, Mengchun. He wen jian shu yi. Rpt. in WYSK, vol. 429.Google Scholar
(Ho Kai-lung), He Qilong. “MengYuan he ManQing de ‘Chuanguo yuxi’ shenhua–jianlun Fojiao ‘erjiao zhi men’ de xugou lishi.” Xinshixue 19, no. 1 (2008): 154.Google Scholar
Qiaoyuan, He (1558–1631), compiler. Huang Ming wen zheng. Rpt. SKCM, ji 328. Jinan: QiLu shushe, 1997.Google Scholar
wenwu yanjiusuo, Hebeisheng, editor. Yuan Zhongdu–1998–2003 nian fajue baogao. Beijing: Wenwu chubanshe, 2012.Google Scholar
Henthorn, William. Korea: The Mongol Invasions. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1963.Google Scholar
Chōyū, Hentona. Mindai sakuhō taisei to chōkō bōeki no kenkyū. Okinawa-ken Naha-shi: Shinsei shuppan, 2008.Google Scholar
Heywood, Colin. “Filling the Black Hole: The Emergence of the Bithynian Atamanates.” In The Great Ottoman, Turkish Civilisation, edited by Çiçek, Kemal. Ankara: Yeni Turkiye, 2000, Vol. 1, pp. 107–15.Google Scholar
Hillenbrand, Robert. “The Iskandar Cycle in the Great Mongol Shahnama.” In The Problematics of Power: Eastern and Western Representations of Alexander the Great, edited by Bridges, Margaret and Bürgel, J. Christopher. Bern and New York: Peter Lang, 1996, pp. 203–30.Google Scholar
Ho, Engseng. “Inter-Asian Concepts for Mobile Societies.” The Journal of Asian Studies 76, no. 4 (2017): 907–28.Google Scholar
Minobu, Honda. “On the Genealogy of the Early Northern Yuan.” Ural-Altaische Jahrbücher 30, no. 3–4 (1958): 230–48. Rpt. in Honda Minobu, Mongoru jidaishi kenkyū. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1991, pp. 595–619.Google Scholar
Hope, Michael. Power, Politics, and Tradition in the Mongol Empire and the Īlkhānate of Iran. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016.Google Scholar
Hori, Kyotsu. “The Economic and Political Effects of the Mongol Wars.” In Medieval Japan, edited by Hall, John W. and Mass, Jeffrey P.. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1988, pp. 184–98. Originally published New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1974.Google Scholar
Masaaki, Horie. “Nayan no hanran ni tsuite.” Tōyō shien 34–35 (1990): 7391.Google Scholar
Xiaochen, Hou. “Dui ‘Mingjun shengzhu’ xingxiang de jiangou.” Shihezi daxue xuebao (zhexue shehui kexue ban) 29, no. 3 (2015): 9398.Google Scholar
Ch’i-ch’ing, Hsiao. “Lun Yuandai Menggu semuren de Hanhua yu shirenhua.” Rpt. in Ch'i-ch'ing, Hsiao, Yuandai de zuqun wenhua yu keju. Taibei: Lianjing, 2008, pp. 5584.Google Scholar
Ch’i-ch’ing, Hsiao. “Meng Yuan shidai Gaochang Xieshi de shihuan yu Hanhua.” In Zhongguo jinshi jiazu yu shehui xueshu yantaohui lunwenji, edited by Zhongyang yanjiuyuan Lishi yuyan yanjiusuo chubanpin bianji weiyuanhui. Taibei: Zhongyang yanjiuyuan lishi yuyan yanjiusuo, 1998, pp. 263–99. Rpt. in Hsiao Ch'i-ch'ing, Yuanchaoshi xinlun. Taibei: Yunchen wenhua, 1999, pp. 243–97.Google Scholar
Ch’i-ch’ing, Hsiao. “Mid-Yuan Politics.” In CHC 6: 490–560.Google Scholar
Ch’i-ch’ing, Hsiao. “Yuanji semuren renshi de shehui gangluo: yi Xie Bailiaoxun qingnian shidai wei zhongxin.” Zhongyang yanjiuyuan lishi yuyan yanjiusuo jikan 74, no. 1 (2003): 6595. Rpt. in Hsiao Ch'i-ch'ing, Yuandai de zuqun wenhua yu keju. Taibei: Lianjing, 2008, pp. 85–115.Google Scholar
Ch’i-ch’ing, Hsiao. “Yuan Ming zhiji de Menggu semu yimin.” In Qingzhu Deng Guangming jiaoshou jiushi huadan lunwenji, edited by Deng Guangming jiaoshou jiushi huadan lunwenji bianweihui. Shijiazhuang: Hebei jiaoyu chubanshe, 1997, pp. 103–21. Rpt. in Hsiao Ch'i-ch'ing, Yuanchaoshi xinlun. Taibei: Yunchen wenhua, 1999, pp. 119–54.Google Scholar
Guangrui, Hu. “Zaikao Heicheng suochu F116: W115 hao tidiao nongsang wenjuan.” Xi Xia yanjiu 1 (2012): 8188.Google Scholar
Xiaopeng, Hu. “Yuan Gansu xingsheng zhu yidao kao.” Xibei shidi 4 (1997): 4046.Google Scholar
Xiaopeng, Hu. “Yuandai Hexi zhuwang yu Gansu xingsheng guanxi shulun.” Gansu shehui kexue 3 (1992): 7074, 83.Google Scholar
Zhongda, Hu. “Ming yu Bei Yuan–Menggu guanxi zhi tantao.” Neimenggu shehui kexue 5 (1984): 4455.Google Scholar
Derong, Huang. “Yunnan faxian de Bei Yuan Xuanguang jinian wenwu ji xiangguan wenti.” Dali xueyuan xuebao 5, no. 11 (2006): 1015.Google Scholar
Jin, Huang. “Song Cheng zhuan.” In Huang Ming kai kuo gong chen lu. Rpt. in MZZC, vol. 39.Google Scholar
Zhangjian, Huang. “Du Mingkan Yuqing xunyiji suozai Ming Taizu yu Wudinghou Guo Ying chishu.” Zhongyang yanjiuyuan lishi yuyan yanjiusuo jikan 34, no. 2 (1962). Rpt. in Huang Zhangjian, Ming Qingshi yanjiu conggao. Taibei: Taiwan shangwu yinshuguan, 1977, pp. 142–53.Google Scholar
Hung, William. “Transmission of the Book Known as The Secret History of the Mongols.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 14, no. 3/4 (1951): 433–92.Google Scholar
Hiroshi, Ikeuchi. “Gen no Seiso to Tanratō.” Tōyō gakuhō 16.1 (1926). Rpt. in Ikeuchi Hiroshi, Mansenshi kenkyū, Chūsei daisansatsu. Rpt. Tokyo: Yoshikawa kōbunkan, 1963, pp. 103–9.Google Scholar
Hiroshi, Ikeuchi. Genkō no shinkenkyū. Tokyo: Tōyō bunko, 1931.Google Scholar
Institut vostokovedenii︠a︡ (Rossiĭskai︠a︡ akademii︠a︡ nauk). Sankt-Peterburgskiĭ filial, Zhongguo shehui kexueyuan, Minzu yanjiusuo, editors. Eluosi kexueyuan dongfang yanjiusuo Sheng Bidebao fensuo cang Heishuicheng wenxian. Shanghai: Shanghai guji chubanshe, 1996–2006.Google Scholar
Susumu, Ishii. “The Decline of the Kamakura Bakufu.” In The Cambridge History of Japan Volume 3 Medieval Japan, edited by Yamamura, Kozo. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990, pp. 128–74.Google Scholar
Kōji, Itō. “Higashi Ajia o matagu Zenshū sekai.” In Wakō to “Nihon kokuō,” edited by Yasunori, Arano, Matoshi, Ishii, and Shōsuke, Murai. Tokyo: Yoshikawa kōbunkan, 2010, pp. 3056.Google Scholar
Kōji, Itō. “Gaikō to Zensō: Higashi Ajia kōtsūken ni okeru Zensō no yakuwari.” Chūgoku shakai bunka gakkai 24 (2009): 4170.Google Scholar
Matsu, Itō. Rinkō shōsho. Rpt. Shanghai: Shanghai cishu chubanshe, 2007.Google Scholar
Shegiki, Iwai. “DaiShin teikoku to dengoku no shirushi.” Ajia no yūgaku 56 (2003): 3343.Google Scholar
Jackson, Peter. The Delhi Sultan Sultanate. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Jackson, Peter. “The Dissolution of the Mongol Empire.” Central Asiatic Journal 22 (1978): 186244.Google Scholar
Jackson, Peter. “From Ulus to Khanate: The Making of Mongol State, c. 1220–1290.” In The Mongol Empire and Its Legacy, edited by Amitai-Preiss, Reuven and Morgan, David. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 1999, pp. 1238.Google Scholar
Jackson, Peter. “Mongol Khans and Religious Allegiance: The Problems of Confronting a Minister-Historian in Ilkhanid Iran.” Iran XLVII (2009): 109–22.Google Scholar
Jackson, Peter. “The Mongols and the Delhi Sultanate in the Reign of Muḥammad Tughluq (1325–1352).” Central Asiatic Journal 19 (1975): 118–57. Rpt. in Jackson, Studies on the Mongol Empire. Farnham, VT, 2009.Google Scholar
Jackson, Peter. Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2017.Google Scholar
Jackson, Peter. “Muslim India: The Delhi Sultanate.” In New Cambridge History of Islam, Volume 3, edited by Morgan, David and Reid, Anthony. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010, pp. 100–27.Google Scholar
Jang, Scarlett. “The Eunuch Agency Directorate of Ceremonial and the Ming Imperial Publishing Enterprise.” In Culture, Courtiers, and Competition: The Ming Court (1368–1644), edited by Robinson, David. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2008, pp. 116–85.Google Scholar
Shujing, Jiang. See Cao Yongnian. “Du ‘Mingchao yu Bei Yuan–Menggu guanxi zhi tantao.’Neimenggu shehui kexue 2 (1985): 2629.Google Scholar
Xiao, Jin. “Bei Yuan kehan quanli shuairuo de shentan.” Yuwen xuekan 12 (2012): 6667.Google Scholar
Youzi, Jin (1368–1431). Bei zheng lu, in GCDG, vol. 1.Google Scholar
Yuanshan, Jin and Hongyi, Dai. “Mingchu Zhu Yuanzhang dui Bei Yuan de zhengce.” Neimenggu shehui kexue 2 (1994): 7579.Google Scholar
Jing, Anning. “Financial and Material Aspects of Tibetan Art under the Yuan Dynasty.” Artibus Asiae 64, no. 2 (2004): 213–40.Google Scholar
Jing, Anning. “The Portraits of Khubilai Khan and Chabi by Anige (1245–1306), a Nepali Artist at the Yuan Court.” Artibus Asiae 54, no. 1/2 (1994): 4086.Google Scholar
Johnston, Alastair. Cultural Realism: Strategic Culture and Grand Strategy in Chinese History. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1995.Google Scholar
Kadafar, Cemal. Between Two Worlds: The Construction of the Ottoman State. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995.Google Scholar
Motohiro, Kageki. “Minshi Chūyū Sosen Muitsu Kokkin kikoku yikō no NichiMin kankei.” Tōyō shihō 3 (1997): 3250.Google Scholar
Motohiro, Kageki. “Kōbuteiki Nicchū kankei kenkyū no dōkō to katei.” Tōyō shihō 2 (1996): 92109.Google Scholar
Ichirō, Kaizu. “‘Genkō,’ Wakō, Nihon kokuō.” In Nihonshi kōza: Chūsei shakai no kōzō, vol. 4, edited by Ichirō, Kaizu. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 2004, pp. 137.Google Scholar
Ichirō, Kaizu. Kamikaze to akutō no seiki: Nanboku jidai o yominaosu. Tokyo: Kōdansha gendai shinsho, 1995.Google Scholar
Ichirō, Kaizu. Mōko shūrai – taigai sensō no shakaishi. Tokyo: Yoshikawa kōbun, 1998.Google Scholar
Kaldellis, Anthony. The Byzantine Republic: People and Power in New Rome. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2015.Google Scholar
Kiichirō, Kanda. “Gen no Shōshū no nengō “Genkō” ni tsuite.” In Kiichirō, Kanda, Tōyōgaku setsurin. Tokyo: Shunbunkaku, 1948, 1974 printing, pp. 57–66.Google Scholar
Kang, David. East Asia Before the West: Five Centuries of Trade and Tribute. New York: Columbia University Press, 2010.Google Scholar
Man’ik, Kang. “Koryŏmal T’amma mokchang ŭi unyŏng kwa yŏnghyang.” T’amma munhwa 52 (2016): 67103.Google Scholar
Kaplonski, Christopher. “The Mongolian Impact on Eurasia: A Reassessment.” In The Role of Migration in the History of the Eurasian Steppe: Sedentary Civilization vs. “Barbarian” and Nomad, edited by Bell-Fialkoff, Andrew. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2000, pp. 251–74.Google Scholar
Kara, György. Books of the Mongolian Nomads: More Than Eight Centuries of Writing Mongolian. Translated from the Russian by Krueger, John. Bloomington, IN: Research Institute for Inner Asian Studies, 2005.Google Scholar
Kara, György. “L?inscription Mongole D?arug Prince De Yun-Nan (1340).” Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 17 (1964): 145–73.Google Scholar
Kastritsis, Dimitris. The Sons of Bayezid: Empire Building and Representation in the Ottoman Civil War of 1402–13. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2007.Google Scholar
Kauz, Ralph. Politik und Handel zwischen Ming und Timuriden: China, Iran und Zentralasien im Spätmittelalter. Wiesbaden: Reichert, 2005.Google Scholar
Yasuhiro, Kawagoe. Mindai Chūgoku no gigoku jiken: Ran Gyoku no goku to renza no hitobito. Tokyo: Fūkyōsha, 2002.Google Scholar
Shoji, Kawazoe and Hurst, Cameron. “Japan and East Asia.” In The Cambridge History of Japan Volume 3 Medieval Japan, edited by Yamamura, Kozo. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990, pp. 396446.Google Scholar
Khwāndamīr (Mir Ghiyassudin Muhammad Husayni). Tārīkh-i Habīb al-Siyar. Translated from Persion into English by Thackston, Wheeler. In Classical Writings of the Medieval Islamic World, Persian Histories of the Mongol Dynasties, Volume II. London: I. B. Tauris, 2012.Google Scholar
Hodong, Kim. “The Early History of the Moghul Nomads: The Legacy of the Chaghatai Khanate.” In The Mongol Empire and Its Legacy, edited by Amitai-Preiss, Reuven and Morgan, David. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 1999, pp. 290318.Google Scholar
Hodong, Kim. “Hwa’i yŏk’ŏ ŭi ‘Napmun pumasŏ’ e taehan chehaesŏk–14 segi huban Mogur hanguksa haemyŏng ŭi ilcharyo.” Art’ai hakpo 1 (1989): 1534.Google Scholar
Hodong, Kim. “Isŭrram seryok ŭi Tongjin kwa Hami wangguk ŭi morrak.” Chindan hakpo 76 (1993): 107–42.Google Scholar
Hodong, Kim. Mong’gol che’guk kwa Koryŏ K’ubillai chŏngwŏn ŭi t’ansaeng kwa Koryŏ ŭi chŏngch’ijok wisang. Seoul: Sŏul taehakkyo ch’ulp’anbu, 2007.Google Scholar
Hodong, Kim. “Mong’gol che’guk kwa Tae Wŏn.” Yŏksa hakpo 192 (2006): 221–53.Google Scholar
Hodong, Kim. “The Unity of the Mongol Empire and Continental Exchanges over Eurasia.” Journal of Central Asian Studies 1 (2009): 1542.Google Scholar
Hodong, Kim. “Was ‘Da Yuan’ a Chinese Dynasty?Journal of Song-Yuan Studies 45 (2015): 279306.Google Scholar
Kujin, Kim. “Wŏndae Yodong chibang ŭi Koryŏ kumnin.” In Yi Wŏnsun kyosu hwagap ki’nyŏn sahak nonch’ong, edited by Wŏnsun, Yi. Seoul: Kyohaksa, 1986, pp. 469–85.Google Scholar
Taemyŏng, Kim. “Koryŏ hugi Tonggung siwi kongja chedo ŭi pyŏnhwa.” Sahak yŏn’gu 112 (2013): 79112.Google Scholar
Tangt’aek, Kim. Wŏn kansŏpha ŭi Koryŏ chŏngch’isa. Seoul: Ilchogak, 1998.Google Scholar
Yangsŏp, Kim. “Wŏnmal Myŏngch’o Kŭmhwa hakp’a ŭi chŏngt’ong kwan’yŏm–Myŏngjo ŭi kŏnsŏl mit hwangjesang ŭi chŏngnip kwa kwannyŏn hayŏ.” Chungyang saron 20 (2004): 102–41.Google Scholar
Bunkyō, Kin. “Kōrai no bunjin kanryō: Ri Seiken no Genchō ni okeru katsudō.” In Chūgoku Ajia gaikō kōryū no kenkyū, edited by Susumu, Fuma. Kyoto: Kyōto daigaku gakujutsu shuppankai, 2007, pp. 118–44.Google Scholar
Hyeyǒng, Ko. “Pang Sin’u so’non.” In Yǒksa wa in’gan ǔi taeǔng: Ko Pyǒng’ik sǒnsaeng hoegap kinyǒm sahak nonch’ong, edited by Ko Pyŏng’ik sŏnsaeng hoegap kinyŏm sahak nonch’ong kanhaeng wiwŏnhoe, Seoul: Hanul, 1984, pp. 753–69.Google Scholar
Kolbas, Judith. “Historical Epic as Mongol Propaganda? Juwaynī’s Motifs and Motives.” In The Mongols’ Middle East: Continuity and Transformation in Ilkhanid Iran, edited by De Nicola, Bruno and Melville, Charles. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2016, pp. 155–71.Google Scholar
Komaroff, Linda. “The Epigraphy of Timurid Coinage: Some Preliminary Remarks.” Museum Notes (American Numismatic Society) 31 (1986): 207–32.Google Scholar
Komaroff, Linda and Carboni, Stefano, editors. The Legacy of Genghis Khan: Courtly Art and Culture in Western Asia, 1256–1353. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art; New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2002.Google Scholar
Kong, Deyi and Hongying, Zhang. “Heishuicheng wenshu suojian Yuandai Yijinailu jumin huodong kongjian.” Ningxia shehui kexue 5 (2016): 190–94.Google Scholar
Kotwicz, Wladyslaw. “Formules initiales des documents Mongols aux XIIIe et XIVe ss.” Rocznik Orjentalislyczny 10 (1934): 129–57.Google Scholar
Kramarovsky, Mark. “Conquerors and Craftsmen: Archeology of the Golden Horde.” In Genghis Khan and the Mongol Empire, edited by Fitzhugh, William, Rossabi, Morris, and Honeychurch, William. Media: Dino Don; Mongolian Preservation Foundation; Washington, DC: Arctic Studies Center, Smithsonian Institution, 2009, pp. 181–89.Google Scholar
Kramarovsky, Mark. “Culture of the Golden Horde and the Problem of the ‘Mongol Legacy.’” In Rulers from the Steppe: State Formation on the Eurasian Periphery, edited by Seaman, Gary and Marks, Daniel. Los Angeles: Ethnographics Press, University of Southern California, pp. 255–73.Google Scholar
Kumar, Sunil. “Courts, Capitals, and Kingship: Delhi and Its Sultans in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries CE.” In Court Cultures in the Muslim World: Seventh to Nineteenth Centuries, edited by Fuess, Albrecht and Hartung, Jan-Peter. London and New York: Routledge, 2011, pp. 123–48.Google Scholar
Kumar, Sunil. “The Ignored Elites: Turks, Mongols and a Persian Secretarial Class in the Early Delhi Sultanate.” In Modern Asian Studies, 43, no. 1 (2009): 4577.Google Scholar
Norio, Kuribayashi. “Nihon kokuō Ryōkai no kenshi ni tsuite.” Bunkyō daigaku kyōiku gakubu kiyō 13 (1979): 113.Google Scholar
Toshio, Kuroda and Rambelli, Fabio. “The Discourse on the ‘Land of Kami’ (Shinkoku) in Medieval Japan: National Consciousness and International Awareness.” Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 23, no. 3/4 (1996): 353–85.Google Scholar
Kychanov, E. I. “Preface.” Translated by Dunnell, Ruth, pp. 1–25; ?Qianyan? (Chinese translation). In EHWX, vol. 1, pp. 1–17.Google Scholar
Fai, Kwok Ka. “Lun Li Shanchang an de xingcheng yu xingzhi–cong Zhaoshi jiandanglu de chonggou qieru fenxi.” Mingdai yanjiu 29 (2017): 4795.Google Scholar
Lam, Yuan-chu. “Notions behind Reconciliatory Attempts in the Hung-Wu Period of Ming China.” In Proceedings of the 35th Permanent International Altaistic Conference, September 12–17, 1992, edited by Ch’en, Chieh-hsien. Taibei: Center for Chinese Studies Materials, United Daily News Foundation, 1993, pp. 247–59.Google Scholar
Landa, Ishaya. “Imperial Sons-in-Law on the Move: Oyirad and Qonggirad Dispersion in Mongol Eurasia.” Archivum Eurasiae Medii Aevi 22 (2016): 161–98.Google Scholar
Landa, Ishaya. “Oirats in the Ilkhanate and the Mamluk Sultanate in the Thirteenth to the Early Fifteenth Centuries: Two Cases of Assimilation into the Muslim Environment.” Mamluk Studies Review 19 (2016): 149–91.Google Scholar
Lane, George. “Arghun Aqa: Mongol Bureaucrat.” Iranian Studies 32, no. 4 (1999): 459–82.Google Scholar
Lane, George. “Persian Notable and the Families Who Underpinned the Ilkhanate.” In Nomads as Agents of Cultural Change: The Mongols and Their Eurasian Predecessors, edited by Amitai, Reuven and Biran, Michal. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i, 2015, pp. 182227.Google Scholar
Langlois, John. “The Hungwu Reign.” CHC 7: 107–81.Google Scholar
Langlois, John. “Song Lian and Liu Ji in 1358 on the Eve of Joining Zhu Yuanzhang.” Asia Major, Third Series, XXII, Part 1 (2009): 131–62.Google Scholar
Legge, James. The Chinese Classics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1893–95; rpt., Taibei: Southern Materials Centers, 1983, 4 vols.Google Scholar
Legge, James. The Ch’un Ts’ew. In Legge, James, The Chinese Classics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1893–95. Rpt., Taibei: Southern Materials Center, 1983. 4 vols.Google Scholar
Legge, James. Confucian Analects. In Legge, James, The Chinese Classics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1893–95. Rpt., Taibei: Southern Materials Center, 1983. 4 vols.Google Scholar
Legge, James. The Li Kî. In the Sacred Books of China: The Texts of Confucianism. Part IV. Part of The Sacred Books of the East Series, edited by Max Müller, F., vol. XXVIII. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1885.Google Scholar
Legge, James. The She King. In Legge, James, The Chinese Classics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1893–95. Rpt. Taibei: Southern Materials Center, 1983. 4 vols.Google Scholar
Legge, James. The Shoo King. In Legge, James, The Chinese Classics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1893–95. Rpt. Taibei: Southern Materials Center, 1983. 4 vols.Google Scholar
Nap-yin, Lau and K’uan-chung, Huang. “Founding and Consolidation of the Sung Dynasty under T’ai-tsu (906–976), T’ai-tsung (976–997), and Chen-tsung (997–1022).” In CHC 5: 206–78.Google Scholar
Lentz, Thomas and Glenn, Lowry. Timur and the Princely Vision: Persian Art and Culture in the Fifteenth Century. Los Angeles: Los Angeles County Museum of Art, 1989.Google Scholar
Gertraude Roth, Li. “State Building before 1644.” In CHC, vol. 9, pt. 1, edited by Willard J. Peterson. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 9–72.Google Scholar
Caoya, Liang. “Yuanmo Mingchu Jiangnan diqu zhishi fenzi de ‘shi’ yu ‘yin’ guannian tanyan.” In Zhao Lingyang (Chiu Ling-yeong) jiaoshou shangxiang jiangxue wushi zhounian jinian lunwenji, edited by Yin, Lee Cheuk, et al. Hong Kong: Zhonghua shuju, 2015, pp. 85108.Google Scholar
Bozhong, Li. “Changes in Climate, Land, and Human Efforts: The Production of Wet-Field Rice in Jiangnang during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.” In Sediments of Time: Environment and Society in Chinese History, edited by Elvin, Mark and Ts’ui-jung, Liu. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998, pp. 447–84.Google Scholar
Cheng, Li and Lan, Huang. “Bei Yuan yiwu jiqi xiangguan wenti de chubu tantao yu yanjiu.” Beifang wenwu 3 (1993): 2530.Google Scholar
Ling, Li. “Yuanmo Mingchu Bei Yuan yu Mingchao dui Hexi zoulang de zhengduo–Tianyuan yuannian ‘Yongchang dengchu xing shumiyuan duanshi guanyin’ ba.” Zhongyang minzu daxue xuebao (zhexue shehui kexueban) 2 (2016): 110–14.Google Scholar
Xinfeng, Li. Jishilu jianzheng. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 2015.Google Scholar
Xinfeng, Li. “Mingchu xungui paixi yu Hu Lan dang’an.” Zhongguoshi yanjiu 4 (2011): 145–58.Google Scholar
Xinfeng, Li. “Zailun Mingchu Yu Ben Jishilu de shiliao jiazhi.” Wenshi 2 (2014): 93111. Rpt. with minor changes as “Zhengli qianyan,” in Li Xinfeng, Jishilu jianzheng, pp. 1–39.Google Scholar
Xue, Li. “Bei Yuan, Menggu, Mingdai Menggu.” Neimenggu shida xuebao (zhexue shehui kexueban) 3 (1996): 114–17.Google Scholar
Yiyou, Li. Heicheng chutu wenshu Hanwen wenshu juan. Beijing: Kexue chubanshe, 1991.Google Scholar
Yiyou, Li. “Yuan Yingchanglu gucheng diaochaji.” Kaogu 10, no. 15 (1961): 531–33, 554.Google Scholar
Zhian, Li. “Make boluo suoji Naiyan zhi luan kaoshi.” Yuanshi luncong 8 (2001): 3345.Google Scholar
Zhian, Li. Yuandai fenfeng zhidu yanjiu (zengdingben). Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 2007.Google Scholar
Zhian, Li. “Yuandai Yunnan Menggu zhuwang wenti kaocha.” Sixiang zhanxian 3 (1990): 7178.Google Scholar
Zhian, Li. Yuandai zhengzhi zhidu yanjiu. Beijing: Renmin chubanshe, 2003.Google Scholar
Qiyuan, Lian. “Chuanbo yu kongjian: Mingdai guanfang gaoshi changsuo jiqi chuanbo texing.” Mingdai yanjiu 9 (2006): 134.Google Scholar
Caoya, Liang. See Leung Cho Nga.Google Scholar
Zhisheng, Liang. “Hongwu ershiliunian yiqian de Shaanxi xingdusi.” Zhongguo lishi dili luncong 3 (1993): 165–75.Google Scholar
Lindner, Rudi. “The Forging of Ottoman Independence.” In Explorations in Ottoman Prehistory, edited by Lindner, Rudi. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, 2007, pp. 81101.Google Scholar
Lindner, Rudi. “How Mongol Were the Early Ottomans?” In The Mongol Empire and Its Legacy, edited by Amitai-Preiss, Reuven and Morgan, David. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 1999, pp. 282–89.Google Scholar
Chaomin, Lin. “Yuanchao zhengMian lu jianzheng.” In Xinan guji yanjiu, edited by Chaomin, Lin. Kunming: Yunnan daxue chubanshe, 2006, pp. 111.Google Scholar
Fengjiang, Lin. “Zhu Yuanzhang shalu gongchen yuanxun lingyi.” Qiushi xuekan 4 (1995): 100–3.Google Scholar
You, Lin. Tiantai Lin gong fu xian sheng wen ji. Rpt. in SKCM, ji 27.Google Scholar
You, Lin. Tiantai Lin gong fu xian sheng wen ji. Kangxi period manuscript held in Seikadō Bunko Collection, Tokyo, Japan; Hishi copy held at Princeton East Asian Library.Google Scholar
Changjiang, Liu. “Lan Yu dang’an chengyin xinxi.” Chuandong xuekan (shehui kexueban) 5, no. 1 (1995): 4246, 106.Google Scholar
Ji, Liu (1311–75). Liu Bowen ji. Hangzhou: Zhejiang guji chubanshe, 2011.Google Scholar
Ji, Liu. Bei xun si ji. Rpt. in MMHJ, vol. 1, pp. 1–7.Google Scholar
Pujiang, Liu. “Yuan Ming geming de minzu zhuyi xiangxiang.” Zhongguoshi yanjiu 3 (2014): 79100.Google Scholar
Xia, Liu (1314–70). Liu Shang bin wen ji. Rpt. in XXSK 1326.Google Scholar
Yachao, Liu. “Shiping Luchuan de xingshuai.” Yunnan minzu xueyuan xuebao (1983): 61–65.Google Scholar
Yingsheng, Liu. “Bai Aerxintai jiqi chushi.” In Yilangxue zai Zhongguo lunwenji, edited by Yiliang, Ye. 1998, vol. 2, pp. 63–75. Rpt. in Zhongya xuekan 6 (2002). Rpt. in Liu Yingsheng, Hailu yu lulu. Beijing: Beijing daxue chubanshe, 2011, pp. 309–33.Google Scholar
Zhijie, Liu. “Lan Yu junlü jiqi jiazu kaobian.” Jishou daxue xuebao 3 (1994): 102–4.Google Scholar
Zhiyi, Liu. “Yuan Yingchanglu yizhi.” Neimenggu wenwu kaogu 6 (1984): 113–18.Google Scholar
Loewe, Michael. “The Former Han Dynasty.” In CHC 1: 103–222.Google Scholar
Lorge, Peter. The Reunification of China: Peace through War under the Song Dynasty. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015.Google Scholar
Ren, Lu. “Mingchao de guojia jiangyuguan jiqi Mingchu zai Xinan bianjiang de shijian.” Yunnan shifan daxue xuebao 42, no. 5 (2010): 2836Google Scholar
Ren, Lu. “Yuandai xinan bianjiang yu Luchuan shili xingqi de diyuan zhengzhi.” Zhongguo bianjiang shidi yanjiu 18, no. 3 (2008): 5565.Google Scholar
Jinglin, . “Lan Yu dang’an kao.” Dongyue luncong 5 (1994): 100–5, 26.Google Scholar
Fuyi, Luo. “Bei Yuan guanyin kao.” Gugong bowuyuan yuankan 1 (1979): 3438.Google Scholar
Fuyi, Luo. Gugong bowuyuan cang guxiyin xuan. Beijing: Wenwu chubanshe, 1982.Google Scholar
Junqi, Ma. “Xi Tiemuer Shang Ming Taizu biao.” Guizhou shifan daxue xuebao (shehui kexueban) 3 (1990): 2529.Google Scholar
Shunping, Ma. “Bei Yuan ‘Xuan guang er nian Gansu deng chu Xing zhong shu sheng Yijinai fen sheng zi wen’ kaoshi.” Neimenggu daxue xuebao (zhexue shehui kexueban) 40, no. 2 (2008): 3236.Google Scholar
Shunping, Ma. “Hongwu wunian Ming Meng zhanzheng xilu zhanyi yanjiu.” Zhongguo bianjiang minzu yanjiu 3 (2010): 612.Google Scholar
Shunping, Ma. “Ming Taizu chuanshi fashu kao.” Zhongguo guojia bowuguan guankan 2 (2013): 99110.Google Scholar
Shunping, Ma. “Ming Taizu yubi kao.” Zhongguo guojia bowuguan guankan 6 (2012): 7687.Google Scholar
Shunping, Ma. “Mingdai Shaanxi xingdusi jiqi weisuo jianzhi kaoshi.” Zhongguo lishi dili luncong 2 (2008): 109–17.Google Scholar
Masaaki, Maesako. “Min Taiso no jōhō shūshū to minshū tōchi ni kansuru ichi kōsatsu.” In Mindaishi ronshū: Sakuma Shigeo sensei beiju kinen, edited by Shigeo, Sakuma and Hiroshi, Okuzaki. Tokyo: Kyūko shoin, 2002, pp. 281–97.Google Scholar
Eiji, Mano. “Amīru Teimūr Kyuregen – Teimūr ke no keifu to Teimūr no tachiba.” Toyoshi kenkyū 34, no. 4 (1976): 591615.Google Scholar
Eiji, Mano. “Jūgo jūroku seiki chūō Ajia ni okeru kunshin girei.” Tōhōgaku 109 (2005): 122.Google Scholar
Eiji, Mano. “Jūgo seiki shoto no Mōgūrisutān–Buai” han no jidai.” Tōyōshi kenkyū 23, no. 1 (1964): 127.Google Scholar
Eiji, Mano. “Moghūlistān.” Acta Asiatica 34 (1978): 4660.Google Scholar
Senryū, Mano. Mindai bunkashi kenkyū, Kyoto: Dōhōsha, 1979.Google Scholar
Senryū, Mano. “Mindai rekichō jitsuroku no seiritsu.” In Mindai Man-Mōshi kenkyū, edited by Jitsuzō, Tamura. Kyoto: Kyōto daigaku bungakubu, 1963, pp. 172.Google Scholar
Manz, Beatrice Forbes. “Development and Meaning of Chaghatay Identity.” In Muslims in Central Asia: Expressions of Identity and Change, edited by Gross, Jo-Ann. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1992, pp. 2745.Google Scholar
Manz, Beatrice Forbes. “The Empire of Tamerlane as an Adaptation of the Mongol Empire: An Answer to David Morgan, ‘The Empire of Tamerlane: An Unsuccessful Re-Run of the Mongol State?’” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Series 3, 26, 1–2 (2016): 281–91.Google Scholar
Manz, Beatrice Forbes. “Johannes Schiltberger and Other Outsider Sources on the Timurids.” In España y el Oriente islámico entre los siglos XV y XVI (Imperio Otomano, Persia y Asia Central. Actas del congreso Università degli Studi di Napoli “l’Orientale” Nápoles 30 de septiembre-2 de octubre de 2004, edited by García, Sánchez, Asuero, Pablo Martín, and Bernardini, Michele. Istanbul: Editorial Isis, 2007, pp. 5162.Google Scholar
Manz, Beatrice Forbes. “Military Manpower in Late Mongol and Timurid Armies.” Les Cahiers d’Asie central 3, no. 4 (2005): 4355.Google Scholar
Manz, Beatrice Forbes. “Mongol History, Rewritten and Relived.” Revue du monde musulman et de la Méditteranée (2001): 129–49.Google Scholar
Manz, Beatrice Forbes. Power, Politics and Religion in Tumurid Iran. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.Google Scholar
Manz, Beatrice Forbes. Rise and Rule of Tamerlane. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.Google Scholar
Manz, Beatrice Forbes. “Tamerlane and the Symbolism of Sovereignty.” Iranian Studies 21, no. 1/2 (1988): 105–22.Google Scholar
Manz, Beatrice Forbes. “Tamerlane’s Career and Its Uses.” Journal of World History 13, no. 1 (2002): 125.Google Scholar
Manz, Beatrice Forbes. “Temür and the Problem of a Conqueror’s Legacy.” Journal of Royal Asiatic Studies Series 3, 8, no. 1 (1998): 2141.Google Scholar
Martin, Janet. Medieval Russia 980–1584, second edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.Google Scholar
Martin, Janet. “The Novokshcheny of Novgorod: Assimilation in the 16th Century.” Central Asian Survey 9, no. 2 (1990): 1338.Google Scholar
Martin, Janet. “Tatars in the Muscovite Army during the Livonian War.” In The Military and Society in Russia 1450–1917, edited by Lohr, Eric and Poe, Marshall. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2002, pp. 365–87.Google Scholar
Martin, Janet. “Tatar Pomeshchiki in Muscovy (1560s–1570s).” In The Place of Russia in Eurasia, edited by Szvák, Gyula. Budapest: Magyar Ruszisztikai Intézet, 2001, pp. 114–20.Google Scholar
Martinez, Arsenio Peter. “Institutional Development, Revenues, and Trade.” In CHIA, pp. 89–108.Google Scholar
Maspero, Henri and Stein, Aurel. Les documents chinois: de la troisième expédition de Sir Aurel Stein en Asie Centrale. London: Trustees of the British Museum, 1953.Google Scholar
Massey, Thomas. “Chu Yuan-chang and the Hu-Lan Cases of the Early Ming Dynasty.” Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Michigan, 1983.Google Scholar
Masuya, Tomoko. “Ilkhanid Courtly Life.” In Legacies of Ghenghis Khan: Courtly Art and Culture in Western Asia, 1256–1353, edited by Komaroff, Linda and Carboni, Stefano. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art; New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2002, pp. 74103.Google Scholar
Masuya, Tomoko. “Seasonal Capitals with Permanent Buildings in the Mongol Empire.” In Turko-Mongol Rulers, Cities, and City Life, edited by Durand-Guédy, David. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2013, pp. 223–56.Google Scholar
May, Timothy. The Mongol Conquests in World History. London: Reaktion Books Ltd., 2012.Google Scholar
McCausland, Shane. The Mongol Century: Visual Cultures of Yuan China, 1271–1368. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 2015.Google Scholar
McChesney, R. D. “The Chinggisid Restoration in Central Asia: 1500–1785.” In CHIA, pp. 277–302.Google Scholar
McChesney, R. D.A Note on the Life and Works of Ibn ʿArabshah.” In History and the Middle East: Studies in Honor of John E. Woods, edited by Pfeiffer, Judith and Quinn, Sholeh. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2006, pp. 205–49.Google Scholar
Melville, Charles. “Abu Sa’id and the Revolt of the Amirs in 1319.” In L’Iran face `a la domination mongole, edited by Aigle, Denise. Tehhran: IFRI, 1997, pp. 89120.Google Scholar
Melville, Charles. “The End of the Ilkhanate and After: Observations on the Collapse of the Mongol World Empire.” In The Mongols’ Middle East: Continuity and Transformation in Ilkhanid Iran, edited by de Nicola, Bruno and Melville, Charles. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2016, pp. 309–35.Google Scholar
Melville, Charles. “History and Myth: The Persianization of Ghazan Khan.” Irano-Turkic Cultural Contacts in the 11th–17th Centuries, edited by Jeremiás, Éva. Piliscsaba: The Avicenna Institute of Middle Eastern Studies, 2003, pp. 133–60.Google Scholar
Melville, Charles. “The Itineraries of Sultan Öljeitü, 1304–16.” Iran 28 (1990): 55–70.Google Scholar
Melville, Charles. “The Keshig in Iran: The Survival of the Royal Mongol Household.” In Beyond the Legacy of Genghis Khan, edited by Komaroff, Linda. Leiden and Boston: E. J. Brill, 2006, pp. 135–64.Google Scholar
Mencius, . Mencius. Translated by Lau, D. C.. London and New York: Penguin Books, 1970, rpt. 1983.Google Scholar
Fanqing, Meng. “Manyi Yuan Zhongdu de xingshuai.” Wenwu chunqiu 3 (1998): 3438.Google Scholar
Xianfeng, Meng. “‘Wohuan’ yu Mingqianqi ZhongRi guanxi tanxi.” Lishi jiaoxue 24 (2013): 2430.Google Scholar
Millward, James. “Eastern Central Asia (Xinjiang): 1300–1800.” In CHIA, pp. 260–77.Google Scholar
Millward, James. “The Qing Formation, the Mongol Legacy, and the ‘End of History’ in Early Modern Central Eurasia.” In The Qing Formation in World-History Time, edited by Struve, Lynn. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2004, pp. 92120.Google Scholar
Hyŏn’gu, Min. Koryŏ chŏngch’isa non. Seoul: Koryŏ taehakkyo ch’ulp’anbu, 2004.Google Scholar
shilu, Ming. 1418–Mid-17th Century. Rpt. Taibei: Zhongyang yanjiuyuan li yuyan yanjiusuo, 1961–66, 133 volumes.Google Scholar
Noriko, Miya. Mongoru jidai no shuppan bunka. Nagoya: Nagoya daigaku shuppankai, 2006.Google Scholar
Junko, Miyawaki. “Mongoru-Oiratto kankeishi–jūsan seiki kara jūshichi seiki made.” Ajia Afulika gengo bunka kenkyū 25 (1983): 150–92.Google Scholar
Junko, Miyawaki. “The Legitimacy of Khanship among the Oyirad (Kalmyk) Tribes in Relation to the Chinggisid Principle.” In The Mongol Empire and Its Legacy, edited by Amitai-Preiss, Reuven and Morgan, David O.. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 1999, pp. 319–31.Google Scholar
Morgan, David. “Empire of Tamerlane: An Unsuccessful Re-Run of the Mongol State?” In The Medieval State: Essays Presented to James Campbell, edited by John, Maddicott, Palliser, D. M., and Campbell, James. London: Hambledon Press, 2000, pp. 233–41.Google Scholar
Masao, Mori. “The T’u-chüeh Concept of Sovereign.” Acta Asiatica 41 (1981): 4775.Google Scholar
Masahiko, Morihira. “Genchō keshike seido to Kōrai ōke: Kōrai-Genchō kankei ni okeru turghagh no igi ni kanren shite.” Shigaku zasshi 110, no. 2 (2001): 6089. Rpt. in Morihira Masahiko, Mongoru hakenka no Kōrai: Teikoku chitsujo to ōkoku no taiō. Nagoya: Nagoya daigaku shuppankai, 2013, pp. 147–201.Google Scholar
Tetsuo, Morikawa. “Dai Gen no kioku.” Hikaku shakai bunka: Kyūshū daigaku daigakuin hikaku shakai bunka gakufu kiyō 14 (2008): 6581.Google Scholar
Tetsuo, Morikawa. “Posutu-Mongoru jidai no Mongoru–Shinchō e no kakehashi.” In Iwanami kōza sekaishi II chūō Yūrasia no tōgō. Tokyo: Iwanami shoten, 1997, pp. 325–48.Google Scholar
Mosca, Matthew. “Empire and the Circulation of Frontier Intelligence: Qing Conceptions of the Ottomans.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 70, no. 1 (2010): 147207.Google Scholar
Mosca, Matthew. From Frontier Policy to Foreign Policy: The Question of India and the Transformation of Geopolitics in Qing China. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2015.Google Scholar
Mosca, Matthew. “The Qing Empire in the Fabric of Global History.” In The Prospect of Global History, edited by Belich, James, et al. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016, pp. 108–23.Google Scholar
Mosca, Matthew. “The Qing State and Its Awareness of Eurasian Interconnections, 1789–1806.” Eighteenth-Century Studies 47, no. 2 (2014): 103–16.Google Scholar
Mostaert, Antoine. Le matériél mongol du Houa i i iu de Houng-ou (1389). Mélanges chinois et bouddhiques 18, edited by Igor de Rachewiltz and Anthoy Schönbaum. Brussels: Institut Belge des hautes etudes chinoises. 1977–1995.Google Scholar
Mote, Frederick. “The Growth of Chinese Despotism: A Critique of Wittfogel’s Theory of Oriental Despotism as Applied to China.” Oriens Extremus 8 (1961): 141.Google Scholar
Mote, Frederick. Imperial China, 900–1800. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Mote, Frederick. The Poet Kao Ch’i. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1962.Google Scholar
Mote, Frederick. “The Rise of the Ming Dynasty, 1330–1367.” In CHC 7: 11–57.Google Scholar
Munkh-Erdene, Lhamsuren. “Where Did the Mongol Empire Come From? Medieval Mongol Ideas of People, State and Empire.” Inner Asia 13, no. 2 (2011) 211–37.Google Scholar
Shōsuke, Murai. Ajia no naka no chūsei Nihon. Tokyo: Azekura shobō, 1988. Third printing 1997.Google Scholar
Shōsuke, Murai. Bunretsu suru ōken to shakai, Nihon no chūsei 10. Tokyo: Chūō kōron shinsha, 2003.Google Scholar
Shōsuke, Murai. Chūsei Nihon no uchi to soto. Tokyo: Chikuma Shobō, 1999.Google Scholar
Shōsuke, Murai. Kokkyō o koete: Higashi Ajia kaiiki sekai no chūsei. Tokyo: Azekura Shobō, 1997.Google Scholar
Shōsuke, Murai. “Mōko shūrai to ibunka sesshoku.” In Monggol ŭi Koryŏ-Ilbon ch’imgong kwa Han-Il kwan’gye, edited by kigŭm, Han-Ilbon munhwa kyoryu and chaedan, Tongbuk’a yŏksa. Seoul: Kyŏng’in munhwasa, 2009, pp. 3155. It also appears in Wakō to “Nihon kokuō, edited by Arano Yasunori, Ishii Matoshi, and Murai Shōsuke. Tokyo: Yoshikawa kōbunkan, 2010, pp. 57–80.Google Scholar
Shōsuke, Murai. “Nanbokuchō no dōran.” In Nanbokuchō no dōran, Nihon no jidaishi, edited by Shōsuke, Murai. Tokyo: Yoshikawa kōbunkan, 2003, pp. 791.Google Scholar
Shōsuke, Murai. “Nichi-Gen kōtsū to Zenritsu bunka.” In Nanbokuchō no dōran, Nihon no jidaishi, edited by Shōsuke, Murai. Tokyo: Yoshikawa kōbunkan, 2003, pp. 210–56.Google Scholar
Shōsuke, Murai. Nihon chūsei no ibunka sesshoku. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 2013.Google Scholar
Shōsuke, Murai. “Ōto Ōmin shisō to 9 seiki no tenkan.” Shisō 847 (1995): 2345.Google Scholar
Shōsuke, Murai. Wakō to “Nihon kokuō.” In Wakō to “Nihon kokuō,” edited by Yasunori, Arano, Matoshi, Ishii, and Shōsuke, Murai. Tokyo: Yoshikawa kōbunkan, 2010, pp. 127.Google Scholar
Jirō, Murata. Kyoyōkan. Kyoto: Zauhō kankōkai, 1955, 1957.Google Scholar
Murray, Julia. “Didactic Picturebooks for Late Ming Emperors and Princes.” In Culture, Courtiers, and Competition: The Ming Court (1368-1644), edited by Robinson, David. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2008, pp. 231–68.Google Scholar
Takumi, Nagai. “Posuto teikokki no Mongoru-Chūgoku kankei.” In Mongorushi kenkyū genjō to tenbō, edited by Junichi, Yoshida. Tokyo: Akashi shoten, 2011, pp. 177–91. Translated into Chinese by Ding Jun as “Houteiguoqi de Ming Meng guanxi.” Yuanshi ji minzu yu bianjiang yanjiu jikan 28 (2014): 201–20.Google Scholar
Nagel, Eva. “A Secretary’s Seal of the Ministry of Revenue Issued in April 1372.” In Qara Qorum-City (Mongolia) I. Preliminary Report of the Excavations 2000–2001, edited by Roth, Helmut and Erdenebat, Ulambayar; coedited by Pohl, Ernst and Nagel, Eva. Volume 1 of Bonn Contributions to Asian Archeology, second revised and enlarged edition. Bonn: Institute of Pre- and Early Historical Archeology, 2009, pp. 5985.Google Scholar
Nobutaka, Nakamachi. “The Rank and Status of Military Refugees in the Mamluk Army: A Reconsideration of the Wāfīdīya.” Mamluk Studies Review 10, no. 1 (2006): 5581.Google Scholar
Jun, Nakamura. “Gendai Daito no chokukenjiin o megutte.” Tōyōshi kenkyū 58, no. 1 (1999): 6383.Google Scholar
Newby, Laura. The Empire and the Khanate: A Political History of Qing Relations with Koqand c. 1760–1860. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2005.Google Scholar
Nian, Xu.Minsho chōkō taisei to Nihon to ichi.” Higashi Ajia bunka kōshō kenkyū 10 (2017): 593617.Google Scholar
Jianqiang, Niu. “Ming Hongwuchu ZhongRi sengrenjian de wenhua jiaowang.” Xinan daxue xuebao (shehui kexueban) 33, no. 6 (2007): 6168.Google Scholar
Noack, Christian. “The Volga-Ural Region, Siberia and the Crimea under Russian Rule.” In CHIA, pp. 303–30.Google Scholar
Hidehiro, Okada. “An Analysis of the Lament of Toγon Temür.” Zentralasiatische Studien 1 (1967): 5578.Google Scholar
Hidehiro, Okada. “Eshū hika no genryū.” Rpt. in Hideo, Okada, Mongoru teikoku kara daishin teikoku e. Tokyo: Fujiwara Shoten, 2010, pp. 183200.Google Scholar
Hidehiro, Okada. “Life of Dayan Qaghan.” Acta Asiatica 11 (1966): 4655.Google Scholar
Hidehiro, Okada. “Mongol Chronicles and Chinggisid Geneologies.” Journal of Asian and African Studies 27 (1984): 147–53.Google Scholar
Hidehiro, Okada. Mongoru teikoku kara daishin teikoku e. Tokyo: Fujiwara Shoten, 2010.Google Scholar
Norio, Okuyama. “Kōbuchō no Unnan heiteisen” parts one and two. Tōhō gakkai sōritsu gojū shūnen shisatsu 28 (1996). Revised and rpt. as “Unnan heiteisen to gunhi,” in Okuyama Norio, Mindai gunseishi kenkyū. Tokyo: Kyūko shoin, 2003, pp. 199–240.Google Scholar
Norio, Okuyama. “Mindai gunshi no kōryō ni tsuite.” Kokushikan daigaku bungakubu jinbun gakkai kiyō 23 (1990): 6778. Revised and rpt. in Okuyama Norio, Mindai gunseishi kenkyū. Tokyo: Kyūko shoin, 2003, pp. 297–314.Google Scholar
Hiroshi, Okuzaki. “Genmatsu sekihi ni okeru Hō Kokuchin no ran.” In Wada Hironori Kyōju koki kinen, MinShin jidai no hō to shakai, edited by MinShin jidai no hō to shakai henshū iinkai. Tokyo: Kyūko shoin, 1993, pp. 275–96.Google Scholar
Hiroshi, Okuzaki. “Hō Kokuchin no ran to wakō.” In Yamane Yukio kyōju taikyū kinen Mindashi ronsō, edited by Yukio, Yamane and Hiroshi, Okuzaki. Tokyo: Kyūko shoin, 1990, vol. 1, pp. 479–96.Google Scholar
hakubutsukan, Ōsaka shiritsu. Shaji sankei mandara. Tokyo: Heibonsha, 1987.Google Scholar
Kōki, Ōta. “Hachiman daibosatsu shinkō to ‘bahansen.’” In Kōki, Ōta, Wakō—shōgyō gunjishiteki kenkyū. Yokohama: Shumpusha, 2002, pp. 461–503.Google Scholar
Kōki, Ōta. Wakō – shōgyō gunjishiteki kenkyū. Yokohama: Shumpusha, 2002.Google Scholar
Ostrowski, Donald. Muscovy and the Mongols: Cross-Cultural Influences on the Steppe Frontier, 1304–1589. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.Google Scholar
Oyunbilig, . “Yifen Heishuicheng chutu Weiwu ti Mengguwen wenshu.” In Heishuicheng renwen yu huanjing yanjiu, edited by Shen, Weirong et al. Beijing: Zhongguo Renmin daxue chubanshe, 2007, pp. 604–11.Google Scholar
Sukhŭi, Pae. “Wŏnmal Myŏngch’o ŭi Unnam koWŏn huye ŭi Cheju yiju.” Tongyang sahak yŏn’gu 119 (2012): 197226.Google Scholar
Kyǒngja, Pak. “Kungnyǒ ch’ulsin Koryǒ yǒindǔl ǔi sarm.” Yǒksa wa tammon 55 (2010): 3364.Google Scholar
Wŏnho, Pak. Myŏng-ch’o Chosŏn kwan’gyesa yŏn’gu. Seoul: Ilchogak, 2002.Google Scholar
Woo, Pak Jae. “Early Koryŏ Political Institutions and the International Expansion of Tang and Song Institutions.” Korean Studies 41 (2017): 929.Google Scholar
Jie, Pan and Chaohui, Chen. “Heishuicheng chutu Yuandai Yijinai lu xuanguan wenshu.” Ningxia shehui kexue 3 (2009): 102–4.Google Scholar
Pelliot, Paul. Grottes de Touen-Houang: Carnet de notes de Paul Pelliot: inscriptions et peintures murales grottes XX. Paris: Collège de France Instituts d’Asie, 1981, vol. 3. Chinese translation by Geng Sheng. Boxihe Dunhuang shiku biji. Lanzhou: Gansu renmin chubanshe, revised edition, 2007.Google Scholar
Pelliot, Paul. “Les mots Mongols dans le Korye sa.” Journal Asiatique 207 (1930): 253–66.Google Scholar
Pfeiffer, Judith. “The Canonization of Cultural Memory: Ghāzān Khan, Rashīd al-Dīn, and the Construction of the Mongol Past.” In Rashīd al-Dīn: Agent and Mediator of Cultural Exchanges in Ilkhanid Iran, edited by Akasoy, Anna, Burnett, Charles, and Yoeli-Tialim, Ronit. Warburg Institute Colloquia 24. London: Warburg Institute, 2014, pp. 5770.Google Scholar
Piotrovsky, Mikhail, editor. Lost Empire of the Silk Road: Buddhist Art from Khara Khoto. Milano: Electa, 1993.Google Scholar
Pohl, Ernst. “The Excavations in the Craftsmen-Quarter of Karakorum (KAR-2) between 2000 and 2005–Stratigraphy and Architecture.” In Mongolian-German Karakorum Expedition, Volume 1, Excavations in the Craftsmen Quarter at the Main Road, edited by Bemmann, Jan, Erdenebat, Ulambayar, and Pohl, Ernst. Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag, 2010, pp. 63136.Google Scholar
Polo, Marco. The Travels. Translated by Latham, Ronald. London: Penguin Books, 1958.Google Scholar
Potter, Lawrence. “Herat under the Karts: Social and Political Forces.” In Views from the Edge: Essays in Honor of Richard W. Bulliet, edited by Yavari, Negin, Potter, Lawrence, and Oppenheim, Jean-Marie. New York: Columbia University Press, 2004, pp. 184207.Google Scholar
Wenying, Qi. “Ming Hongwu shiqi neiqian Mengguren bianxi.” Zhongguo bianjiang shidi yanjiu 14, no. 2 (2004): 5965.Google Scholar
Guxun, Qian, compiler. Annotated by Yingliang, Jiang. Baiyizhuan jiaozhu. Kunming: Renmin chubanshe, 1980.Google Scholar
Mu, Qian. “Du kaiguo zhenchen shiwenji xupian.” Zhonghua ribao fukan (1975). Rpt. in Qian Mu, Zhongguo xueshu sixiangshi luncong. Taibei: Dongda tushu gongsi, 1978; Rpt. Beijing: Sanlian shudian, 2009, vol. 6.Google Scholar
Mu, Qian. “Du kaiguo zhuchen shiwenji.” Xinya xuebao 6, no. 2 (1964): 245326. Rpt. in Qian Mu, Zhongguo xueshu sixiangshi luncong. Beijing: Sanlian shudian, 2009, vol. 6.Google Scholar
Qianyi, Qian (1582–1664). Guo chu qun xiong shi lüe. Rpt. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1982.Google Scholar
Zhai, Qian. See Suo Yuming.Google Scholar
Jintong, Qiao. “Yuandai de tongyin.” Wenwu 11 (1981): 74.Google Scholar
Shusen, Qiu. “Cong Heicheng chutu wenshu kan Yuan ‘Huihui hadisi’.” Nanjing daxue xuebao (zhexue renwen kexue shehui kexue) 3 (2001): 152–60.Google Scholar
Shushen, Qiu. Tuohuan Tiemuer zhuan. Changchun: Jilin jiaoyu chubanshe, 1991.Google Scholar
Quinn, Sholeh. “Notes on Timurid Legitimacy in Three Safavid Chronicles.” Iranian Studies 31, no. 2 (1998): 149–58.Google Scholar
Rajkai, Zsombor. “Early Fifteenth-Century Sino-Central Asian Relations: The Timurids and Ming China.” In Frontiers and Boundaries: Encounters on China’s Margins, edited by Rajkai, Zsombor and Bellér-Hann, Ildikó. Wiesbaden: Harrosowitz Verlag, 2012, pp. 87105.Google Scholar
Reichert, Susanne. “Craft Production in the Mongol Empire: Karakorum and its Artisans.” Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde der Philosophischen Fakultät der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Bonn, 2017.Google Scholar
Richards, J. F.The Formulation of Imperial Authority under Akbar and Jahangir.” In The Mughal State 1526–1750, edited by Alam, Muzaffar and Subrahmanyam, Sanjay. Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1998. Originally published in Kingship and Authority in South Asia. Madison: University of Wisconsin South Asian Studies, 1978, pp. 126–27.Google Scholar
Robinson, David. “Celebrating War with the Mongols.” In Why Mongolia Matters: War, Law, and Society, edited by Rossabi, Morris. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2017, pp. 105–28.Google Scholar
Robinson, David. “The Emperor?s Clothes.” In David Robinson, The Inner Eurasian Face of the Ming Court. Unpublished manuscript.Google Scholar
Robinson, David. Empire’s Twilight: Northeast Asia under the Mongols. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2009.Google Scholar
Robinson, David. “Justifying Ming Rulership on a Eurasian Stage.” In Ming China: Courts and Contacts, 1400–1450, edited by Clunas, Craig, Harrison-Hall, Jessica, and Yu-ping, Luk. London: British Museum Press, 2016, pp. 814.Google Scholar
Robinson, David. “Korea in the Mongol Empire.” In Cambridge History of the Mongol Empire, edited by Biran, Michal and Hodong, Kim. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, forthcomingGoogle Scholar
Robinson, David. Martial Spectacles of the Ming Court. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2013.Google Scholar
Robinson, David. “The Ming Court and the Legacy of the Yuan Mongols.” In Culture, Courtiers, and Competition, edited by Robinson, David. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2008, pp. 365421.Google Scholar
Robinson, David. “Mongolian Migration and Ming China.” Journal of Central Eurasian Studies 3 (2012): 109–29.Google Scholar
Robinson, David. “Princes in the Polity: The Anhua Prince’s Uprising of 1510.” Ming Studies 65 (2012): 14–57.Google Scholar
Robinson, David. “Rethinking the Late Koryŏ in an International Context.” Korean Studies 41 (2017): 7598. “Translating Authority.” Unpublished manuscript.Google Scholar
Robinson, David. “Why Military Institutions Matter for Ming History.” The Journal of Chinese History 2 (2017): 297327.Google Scholar
Robinson, David, editor. Culture, Courtiers, and Competition: The Ming Court (1368–1644). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2008.Google Scholar
Rogers, Daniel. “Ancient Cities of the Steppe.” In Genghis Khan and the Mongol Empire, edited by Fitzhugh, William, Rossabi, Morris, and Honeychurch, William. Media: Dino Don; Mongolian Preservation Foundation; Washington, DC: Arctic Studies Center, Smithsonian Institution, 2009, pp. 127–31.Google Scholar
Rogers, Daniel, et al.Urban Centres and the Emergence of Empires in Eastern Inner Asia.” Antiquity 79 (2005): 801–18.Google Scholar
Roemer, H. R.The Jalayirids, Muzaffarids, and Sarbadārs.” In Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 6, The Timurid and Safavid Periods, edited by Jackson, Peter and Lockhart, L.. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986, pp. 141.Google Scholar
Rösch, Manfred, Fischer, Elske, and Märkle, Tanja. “Human Diet and Land Use in the Time of the Khans–Archaeobotanical Research in the Capital of the Mongolian Empire, Qara Qorum, Mongolia.” Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 14, no. 4 (2005): 485–92.Google Scholar
Rossabi, Morris. Khubilai Khan. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988.Google Scholar
Rossabi, Morris. “Ming China and Turfan, 1406–1517.” Central Asiatic Journal 16, no. 3 (1972): 206–25. Rpt. in The Writings of Morris Rossabi: From Yuan to Modern China and Mongolia. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2014, pp. 39–58.Google Scholar
Rossabi, Morris. “Ming Foreign Policy: The Case of Hami.” In China and Her Neighbors: Borders, Visions of the Other, Foreign Policy 10th–19th Century, edited by Dabringhaus, Sabine and Ptak, Roderich. Wiesbaden: Harrassaowitz Verlag, 1997, pp. 7997. Rpt. in The Writings of Morris Rossabi: From Yuan to Modern China and Mongolia. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2014, pp. 19–37.Google Scholar
Rossabi, Morris. “The Ming and Inner Asia.” In CHC 8: 222–71.Google Scholar
Rossabi, Morris. “Ming Officials and Northwest China.” In Officials on the Chinese Borders, edited by Jagou, F.. Taipei: Academia Sinica, 2006. Rpt. in The Writings of Morris Rossabi: From Yuan to Modern China and Mongolia. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2014, pp. 89–107.Google Scholar
Rossabi, Morris. “Notes on Mongol Influences on the Ming Dynasty.” In Eurasian Influences on Yuan China, edited by Rossabi, Morris. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2013, pp. 202–7.Google Scholar
Kōji, Saeki. “Chinese Trade Ceramics in Medieval Japan.” In Tools of Culture: Japan’s Cultural, Intellectual, Medical, and Technological Contacts in East Asia, 1000–1500s, edited by Goble, Andrew, Robinson, Kenneth, and Wakabayashi, Haruko. Ann Arbor, MI: Association for Asian Studies, 2009, pp. 163–82.Google Scholar
Kōji, Saeki. “Nihon shinkō iko no Rai-Nichi kankei.” In Monggol ŭi Koryŏ-Ilbon ch’imgong kwa Han-Il kwan’gye, edited by kigŭm, Han-Ilbon munhwa kyoryu and chaedan, Tongbuk’a yŏksa. Seoul: Kyŏng’in munhwasa, 2009, pp. 260–74.Google Scholar
Kōji, Saeki. “Ōei no gaikō to Higashi Ajia.” Shien 147 (2010): 1737.Google Scholar
Shigeo, Sakuma. Nichi Min kankeishi no kenkyū. Tokyo: Yoshikawa kōbunkan, 1992.Google Scholar
Kira, Samosyuk. “Preface,” pp. 85–92; “Xuyan,” pp. 11–22, HSCYSP, vol. 1, pp. 85–92.Google Scholar
Sansom, George. A History of Japan, Volume Two: 1334–1615. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1958–1963. Rpt. Tokyo: Charles E. Tuttle, 1984.Google Scholar
Takayasu, Satō. “Xi Xia moqi Heishuicheng de zhuangkuang: cong liangjian Xi Xiawen wenshu tanqi.” Dunhuangxue jikan 1 (2013): 163–80.Google Scholar
Tetsutarō, Satō. Mōko shūrai ekotoba to Takezaki Suenaga no kenkyū. Tokyo: Kinseisha, 2005.Google Scholar
Schiltberger, Johann and Telfer, Buchan. The Bondage and Travels of Johann Schiltberger, in Europe, Asia, and Africa, 1396–1427, translated by Telfer, J. Buchan. London: Hakluyt Society, 1879. Rpt. New York: Burt Franklin, 1970.Google Scholar
Schlesinger, Jonathan. A World Trimmed with Fur: Wild Things, Pristine Places, and the Natural Fringes of the Qing Rule. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2017.Google Scholar
Schneewind, Sarah. Community Schools and the State in Ming China. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2006.Google Scholar
Schneewind, Sarah. “Visions and Revisons: Village Policies of the Ming Founder in Seven Phases.” T’oung Pao 87, no. 4/5 (2001): 317–59.Google Scholar
Schneewind, Sarah. A Tale of Two Melons: Emperor and Subject in Ming China. Indianapolis, IN: Hacket Publishing Company, Inc., 2006.Google Scholar
Schwieger, Peter. The Dalai Lama and the Emperor of China: A Political History of the Tibetan Institution of Reincarnation. New York: Columbia University Press, 2015.Google Scholar
Shūichi, Seki. “‘Chūka’ no saiken to Nanbokuchō nairan.” In Wakō to “Nihon kokuō,” edited by Yasunori, Arano, Matoshi, Ishii, and Shōsuke, Murai. Tokyo: Yoshikawa kōbunkan, 2010, pp. 81106.Google Scholar
Serruys, Henry. “The Dates of the Mongolian Documents in the Hua-i i-yu.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 17, no. 3/4 (1954): 419–27.Google Scholar
Serruys, Henry. “The Location of T’a-t’an, ‘Plain of The Tower.’ Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 19, no. 1/2 (1956): 5266.Google Scholar
Serruys, Henry. The Mongols in China during the Hung-wu Period. In Mélanges chinois et bouddhiques 11 (1959).Google Scholar
Serruys, Henry. “Notes on a Chinese Inscription of 1606 in a Lamaist Temple in Mai-ta-chao, Suiyüan.” Journal of the American Oriental Society 78, no. 2 (1958): 101–13.Google Scholar
Serruys, Henry. “Were the Ming against the Mongols’ Settling in North China.” Oriens Extremus 6, no. 2 (1959): 131–59.Google Scholar
Chuan, Shang. “Guanyu Ming Taizu shilu sanxiuben de pingjia wenti.” Wenshi 28 (1987): 179–87.Google Scholar
Xunzheng, Shao. “You Mingchuye yu Tiemuer diguo guanxi.” [Qinghua daxue] Shehui kexue, 2, no. 1, 1936. Rpt. in Shao Xunzheng lishi lunwenji. Beijing: Beijing daxue chubanshe, 1985, pp. 86–98.Google Scholar
Shapinsky, Peter. Lords of the Sea: Pirates, Violence, and Commerce in Late Medieval Japan. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan, 2014.Google Scholar
Sharpe, Kevin. Selling the Tudor Monarchy: Authority and Image in Sixteenth Century England. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Shea, Eiren. “The Mongol Cultural Legacy in East and Central Asia: The Early Ming and Timurid Courts.” Ming Studies 78 (2018): 3256.Google Scholar
Shen, Defu. Wanli ye huo bian, second edition. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1980.Google Scholar
Shen, Wanli. “Yuan Yingchang gucheng xintan.” Neimenggu daxue xuebao (renwen shehui kexueban) 38, no. 5 (2006): 2934.Google Scholar
Shidurghu, . “Dada he Da Yuan guohao.” Yuanshi ji minzu yu bianjiang yanjiu 28 (2014): 124–33.Google Scholar
Shidurghu, . “Lun shiqi shiji Menggu shijia dui Bei Yuan hanxi de cuangai.” Neimenggu shehui kexue 24, no. 1 (2003): 2426.Google Scholar
Shim, Hosung. “The Postal Roads of the Great Khans in Central Asia under the Mongol-Yuan Empire.” Journal of Song-Yuan Studies 44 (2014): 405–70.Google Scholar
Shiraishi, Noriyuki. “Avraga Site: The ‘Great Ordū’ of Genghis Khan.” In Beyond the Legacy of Genghis Khan, edited by Komaroff, Linda. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2006, pp. 8393.Google Scholar
Sinor, Denis. “The Acquisition, the Legitimation, the Confirmation and the Limitations of Political Power in Medieval Inner Asia.” In Representing Power in Ancient Inner Asia: Legitimacy, Transmission, and the Sacred, edited by Charleux, Isabelle, DeLaplace, Grégory, Hamayon, Roberte, and Pearce, Scott. Bellingham: Center for East Asian Studies Western Washington University, 2010, pp. 3759.Google Scholar
Skaff, Jonathan. Sui-Tang China and Its Turko-Mongol Neighbors: Culture, Power, and Connections, 580–800. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Smith, John. “Dietary Decadence and Dynastic Decline in the Mongol Empire.” Journal of Asian History 34, no. 1 (2000): 3552.Google Scholar
Dehui, Song. “Mingchao Tainingwei kaoshu.” Bowuguan yanjiu 3 (2010): 5763.Google Scholar
Aurel, Stein. Sir Aurel Stein’s Central Asia. Rpt. New Delhi: Cosmo Publications, 1988.Google Scholar
Steinhardt, Nancy. “Imperial Architecture along the Mongolian Road to Dadu.” Ars Orientalis 18 (1988): 5993.Google Scholar
Struve, Lynn. “The Southern Ming, 1644–1662.” In CHC 7: 641–725.Google Scholar
Bai, Su. “Juyongguan guojieta kaogao.” Wenwu 4 (1964): 1329. Revised and rpt. in Su Bai, Zangchuan fojiao siyuan kaogu. Beijing: Wenwu chubanshe, 1996, pp. 338–64.Google Scholar
Tianjue, Su. Guo chao wen lei. Rpt. in Yuanshi yanjiu ziliao huibian, edited by Ne, Yang. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 2014, vol. 90.Google Scholar
Subrahmanyam, Sanjay. “Connected Histories: Notes towards a Reconfiguration of Early Modern Eurasia.” Modern Asian Studies 31, no. 3 (1997): 735–62.Google Scholar
Subrahmanyam, Sanjay. Courtly Encounters: Translating Courtliness and Violence in Early Modern Eurasia. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Subrahmanyam, Sanjay. “Iranians Abroad: Intra-Asian Elite Migration and Early Modern State Formation.” The Journal of Asian Studies 51, no. 2 (1992): 340–63.Google Scholar
Subrahmanyam, Sanjay. “One Asia, or Many? Reflections from Connected History.” Modern Asian Studies 50, no. 1 (2016): 543.Google Scholar
Subtelny, Maria. “Tamerlane and His Descendants: From Paladins to Patrons.” In The New Cambridge History of Islam, Volume 3: The Eastern Islamic World, Eleventh to Eighteenth Centuries, edited by Morgan, David and Reid, Anthony. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010, pp. 169200.Google Scholar
Subtelny, Maria. Timurids in Transition: Turko-Persian Politics and Acculturation in Medieval Iran. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2007.Google Scholar
Masaaki, Sugiyama. “Bin-ō Chūbei to sono keifū.” Shirin 65, no. 1 (1982). Rpt. in Mongoru teikoku to Dai Gen urusu. Kyoto: Kyōto daigaku gakujutsu shuppankai, 2004, pp. 242–87.Google Scholar
Masaaki, Sugiyama. Dai Mongoru no sekai. Tokyo: Kadogawa sensho, 1992.Google Scholar
Masaaki, Sugiyama. “Futatsu no Chagatai ke. In Min Shin jidai no seiji to shakai, edited by Kazuko, Ono. Kyoto: Kyōto daigaku jinbun kagaku kenkyūjo, 1983. Rpt. in Mongoru teikoku to Dai Gen urusu. Kyoto: Kyōto daigaku gakujutsu shuppankai, 2004, 288–333.Google Scholar
Masaaki, Sugiyama. “Mongoru jidai no Afuro-Yurashia to Nihon.” In Mongoru no shūrai, Nihon no jidaishi, vol. 9, edited by Shigekazu, Kondō. Tokyo: Yoshikawa kōbunkan, 2003, pp. 106–50.Google Scholar
Masaaki, Sugiyama. Mongoru teikoku to Dai Gen urusu. Kyoto: Kyōto daigaku gakujutsu shuppankai, 2004.Google Scholar
Sugiyama, Masaaki and Kitagawa, Seiichi. Dai Mongoru no jidai. Tokyo: Chūō kōronsha, 1997.Google Scholar
Fen, Sun. Xi an ji. Rpt. in BTGZ, vol. 100.Google Scholar
Jimin, Sun, et al., editors. Ying cang ji E cang Heishuicheng Hanwen wenxian zhengli. Tianjin: Tianjin guji chubanshe, 2015.Google Scholar
Taichu, Sun. Yunnan gudai shike congkao. Beijing: Wenwu chubanshe, 1983.Google Scholar
Weizu, Sun. Lidai xiyin lidai biaozhunpin tujian. Changchun: Jilin meishu chubanshe, 2010.Google Scholar
Sun, Zhixin Jason. “Dadu: Great Capital of the Yuan Dynasty.” In The World of Khubilai Khan: Chinese Art in the Yuan Dynasty, edited by Watt, James C. Y.. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art; New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2010, pp. 4163.Google Scholar
Yuming, Suo. “Ming Taizu yubi.” Dalu zazhi 10, no. 4 (1955): 1619. Rpt. in Suo Yuming, Qiyuan waizhi–Gugong wenwu zatan. Taibei: Guoli Gugong bowuyuan, 2000, vol. 1, pp. 309–18.Google Scholar
Yuming, Suo. “Ming Taizu yubi shili.” Rpt. in Suo Yuming, Qiyuan waizhi–Gugong wenwu zatan. Taibei: Guoli Gugong bowuyuan, 2000, vol. 1, pp. 107–44.Google Scholar
Yuming, Suo. “Ming Taizu yubi shili xubian.” Rpt. in Yuming, Suo, Qiyuan waizhi–Gugong wenwu zatan. Taibei: Guoli Gugong bowuyuan, 2000, vol. 1, pp. 145–74.Google Scholar
Yuming, Suo. “Ming Taizu yubi quanmu.” Rpt. in Yuming, Suo, Qiyuan waizhi–Gugong wenwu zatan. Taibei: Guoli Gugong bowuyuan, 2000, vol. 1, 175–98.Google Scholar
Swope, Kenneth. On the Trail of the Yellow Tiger: War, Trauma, and Social Dislocation in Southwest China during the Ming-Qing Transition. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2018.Google Scholar
Jiasheng, Tan. “Zhu Di yu Lan Yu dang’an.” Chizhou shizhuan xuebao 2 (1995): 8890.Google Scholar
Qian, Tan (1594–1658). Zao lin za zu. Preface dated 1644. Rpt. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 2006.Google Scholar
Takeo, Tanaka. Zenkindai no kokusai kōryū to gaikō bunsho. Tokyo: Yoshikawa kōbunkan, 1996Google Scholar
Long, Tang. Yu shi ji. Rpt. in SKCM, ji 65.Google Scholar
Zongyi, Tao. Nancun chuogeng lu. 1366. Rpt. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1997 [1959].Google Scholar
Taylor, Keith. A History of the Vietnamese. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013.Google Scholar
Taylor, Romeyn. “Ming T’ai-tsu and the Nobility of Merit.” Ming Studies 2 (1976): 5769.Google Scholar
Temul, . “Bei Yuanshi jishuxing shiliao de fajue yu yanjiu.” Yuanshi ji minzu yu bianjiang yanjiu 22 (2010): 169–77.Google Scholar
Thacket, Nicolas. The Origins of the Chinese Nation: Song China and the Forging of an East Asian World Order. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017.Google Scholar
Rucheng, Tian. Yan jiao ji wen, in Ji lu hui bian, edited by Shen Jiefu, juan 60.Google Scholar
Weijiang, Tian. “Shisi shijimo zhi shiwu shijichu de dongchahetai hanguo.” Xinjiang shehui kexue 4 (1988): 8086.Google Scholar
Hyŏnch’ŏl, To. “Koryŏ malgi sadaebu ŭi taeoegwan – hwa’iron ŭl chungsim ŭro.” Chindan hakpo 86 (1998): 7399.Google Scholar
Togan, Isenbike. “The Qongrat in History.” In History and Historiography of Post-Mongol Central Asia and the Middle East: Studies in Honor of John E. Woods, edited by Pfeiffer, Judith and Quinn, Sholeh A.. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2006, pp. 6183.Google Scholar
Tsai, Henry. The Eunuchs in the Ming Dynasty. New York: State University of New York, 1996.Google Scholar
Daisuke, Tsutsui. “Hachiman engi emaki to Hachimangūji junpaiki.” Kyōto gobun 19 (2012): 245–62.Google Scholar
Makoto, Ueda. Umi to teikoku: Min Shin jidai. In Chūgoku no rekishi, edited by Mamoru, Tonami, et al. Tokyo: Kōdansha, 2005, vol. 9.Google Scholar
Borjigijin, Ullaan (Wulan). “Dayan yu Da Yuan.” Neimenggu daxue xuebao (zhexue shehui kexueban) 1 (1990): 1014.Google Scholar
Vásáry, István. “Clans of Tatar Descent in the Muscovite Elite of the 14th–16th Centuries.” In The Place of Russia in Eurasia, edited by Szvák, Gyula. Budapest: Magyar Ruszisztikai Intézet, 2001, pp. 101–13.Google Scholar
Vásáry, István. “The Jochid Realm: The Western Steppe and Eastern Europe.” In CHIA, pp. 67–85.Google Scholar
Veit, Veronika. “The Eastern Steppe: Mongol Regimes after the Yuan (1368–1636).” In CHIA, pp. 157–81.Google Scholar
Verschuer, Charlotte von. Across the Perilous Sea: Japanese Trade with China and Korea from the Seventh to the Sixteenth Centuries. Translated from the French by Hunter, Kristen Lee. Ithaca, NY: East Asia Program, Cornell University, 2006.Google Scholar
Verschuer, Charlotte von. “Die Beziehungen zwischen den ersten Ming-Kaisern und Timur von Samarkand.” Nachrichten der Gesellschaft für Natur- und Voelkerkunde Ostasiens (1981): 62–77.Google Scholar
Verschuer, Charlotte von. “Japan’s Foreign Relations 1200 to 1392 A.D.: A Translation from Zenrin Kokuhōki.” Monumenta Nipponica 57, no. 4 (2002): 413–45.Google Scholar
Sei, Wada. “Hoku Gen no teikei ni tsuite.” Ichimura Hakushi koki kinen Tōyō shi ronsō, edited by Sanjirō, Ichimura. Tokyo: Fuzanbō, 1933, pp. 1203–14.Google Scholar
Sei, Wada. “Hokuryo kiryaku, Yakugo oyobi Sanchū bunkenroku no chosha.” In Sei, Wada, Tōashi ronsō. Tokyo: Seikatsusha, 1942, pp. 549–68.Google Scholar
Sei, Wada. Mingdai Menggushi lunji. Translated by Shixian, Pan. Beijing: Shangwu yinshuguan, 1984. Rpt. Hohhot: Neimenggu chuban jituan and Neimenggu renmin chubanshe, 2015.Google Scholar
Sei, Wada. “Mindai no Mōko to Manshū.” In Sei, Wada, Tōashi ronsō. Tokyo: Seikatsusha, 1942, pp. 304–61.Google Scholar
Sei, Wada. “Minsho no Manshū keiryaku jōhen.” In Sei, Wada, Tōashi kenkyū (Manshū hen). Tokyo: Tōyō bunko, 1955, pp. 177298.Google Scholar
Sei, Wada. “Minsho no Mōko keiryaku.” Rpt. in Wada Sei, Tōashi kenkyū (Mōkohen), pp. 1–106.Google Scholar
Sei, Wada. Tōashi kenkyū (Mōkohen). Tokyo: Tōyō bunko, 1959.Google Scholar
Wade, Geoffrey. “Domination in Four Keys: Ming China and the Southern Neighbors 1400–1450. In Ming China: Courts and Contacts 1400–1450, edited by Clunas, Craig, Harrison-Hall, Jessica, and Yu-ping, Luk. London: British Museum Press, 2016, pp. 1525.Google Scholar
Wakabayashi, Haruko. “The Mongol Invasions and the Making of the Iconography of Foreign Enemies: The Case of Shikaumi jinja engi.” In Tools of Culture: Japan’s Cultural, Intellectual, Medical, and Technological Contacts in East Asia, 1000–1500s, edited by Goble, Andrew, Robinson, Kenneth, and Wakabayashi, Haruko. Ann Arbor, MI: Association for Asian Studies, 2009, pp. 105–33.Google Scholar
Joanna, Waley-Cohen. The Sextants of Beijing: Global Currents in Chinese History. New York: W. W. Norton, 1999.Google Scholar
Wan, Ming. “Mingchu Zhongwai guanxi kaolun.” In Wan Ming, Mingdai zhongwai guanxishi lungao. Beijing: Zhongguo shehui kexue chubanshe, 2011, pp. 69139.Google Scholar
Wan, Ming. Mingdai waijiao guanxishi lungao. Beijing: Zhongguo shehui kexue chubanshe, 2011.Google Scholar
Wan, Ming. “Mingdai waijiao zhaoling de fenlei kaocha.” Huaqiao daxue xuebao (zhexue shehui kexueban) 2 (2009): 3646. Rpt. in Wan Ming, Mingdai zhongwai guanxishi lungao. Beijing: Zhongguo shehui kexue chubanshe, 2011, pp. 50–68.Google Scholar
Wan, Ming. “Ming Taizu waijiao zhaoling kaolüe.” Jinan shixue 5 (2008). Rpt. in Mingdai zhongwai guanxishi lungao. Beijing: Zhongguo shehui kexue chubanshe, 2011, pp. 22–49.Google Scholar
Aihe, Wang. Cosmology and Political Culture in Early China. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000.Google Scholar
Richard, Wang. The Ming Prince and Daoism: Institutional Patronage of an Elite. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Richard, Wang. “Ming Princely Patronage of Daoist Temples.” Ming Studies 65 (2012): 5792.Google Scholar
Chongwu, Wang. Ming Jingnan shishi kaozhenggao. Zhongyang yanjiuyuan lishi yuyan yanjiusuo jikan, special edition, 25. Shanghai: Shanghai yinshuguan, 1945; rpt. Taibei: Zhongyang yanjiuyuan lishi yuyan yanjiusuo, 1992.Google Scholar
Dafang, Wang and Wenfang, Zhang. Caoyuan jinshi lu. Beijing: Wenwu chubanshe, 2013.Google Scholar
Feng, Wang (1319–88). Wu xi ji. Rpt. in BTGZ, vol. 95.Google Scholar
Pu, Wang. “Yuandai Yunnan Duanshi yu Liangwang zhi zheng zaiyi.” Yunnan shehui kexue 5 (2000): 8491.Google Scholar
Qi, Wang. Xu Wenxian tongkao. Rpt. Taibei: Wenhai chubanshe, 1979.Google Scholar
Shenrong, Wang. Yuanshi tanyuan. Changchun: Jilin wenshi chubanshe, 1991.Google Scholar
Rencong, Wang, compiler. Xinchu lidai xiyin jishi. Hong Kong: Xianggang Zhongwen daxue wenwuguan, 1987.Google Scholar
Shizhen, Wang. Yanzhou shi liao qian ji. Rpt. SKCM, ji 112.Google Scholar
Wei, Wang (1323–73). Wang Zhongwen gong ji. Rpt. YWHJ, ji bu, vol. 19.Google Scholar
Yiqiu, Wang. “Yuandai chuzhen Yunnan zongwang kao.” Zhaotong shifan gaodeng zhuanke xuexiao xuebao 4 (2010): 59.Google Scholar
Yi-t’ung, Wang. Official Relations between China and Japan 1368–1549. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1953.Google Scholar
Zhaochun, Wang. Zhongguo gudai junshi gongcheng jishushi. Taiyuan: Shanxi jiaoyu chubanshe, 2007.Google Scholar
Zhaoyu, Wang. “Ming Taizu moji Wu Wang shouyujuan kaobian.” Zhongguo meishu 5 (2013): 97100.Google Scholar
Hiroshi, Watanabe. “An Index of Embassies and Tribute Missions from Islamic Countries to Ming China (1368–1644) as Recorded in the Ming Shih-lu Classified according to Geographic Area.” Memoirs of the Tokyo Bunko 33 (1975): 285347.Google Scholar
Weatherford, Jack. Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World. New York: Crown Publishers, 2004.Google Scholar
Rongji, Wei. “Gen Nichi kankeishi no kenkyū.” Ph.D. Dissertation, Tsukuba University (Japan), 1984.Google Scholar
Weidner, Marsha. “Aspects of Painting and Patronage at the Mongol Court, 1260–1368.” In Artists and Patrons: Some Social and Economic Aspects of Chinese Painting, edited by Chu-tsing, Li. Lawrence: University of Kansas, Kress Foundation Department of Art History and Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art; Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1989, pp. 3959.Google Scholar
Weitz, Ankeney. “Art and Politics at the Mongol Court of China: Tugh Temür’s Collection of Chinese Paintings.” Artibus Asiae 64, no. 2 (2004): 243–80.Google Scholar
Wing, Patrick. The Jalayirids: Dynastic State Formation in the Mongol Middle East. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2016.Google Scholar
Wing, Patrick. “‘Rich in Goods and Abounding in Wealth:’ The Ilkhanid and Post-Ilkhanid Ruling Elite and the Politics of Commercial Life at Tabriz, 1250–1400.” In Politics, Patronage and the Transmission of Knowledge in 13th–15th Century Tabriz, edited by Pfeiffer, Judith. Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill, 2014, pp. 300–20.Google Scholar
Wink, André. Akbar. Oxford: Oneworld Publications, 2009.Google Scholar
Wink, André. “India and the Turko-Mongol Frontier.” In Nomads in the Sedentary World, edited by Khazanov, Anatoly and Wink, Andre. Richmond: Routledge, 2001, pp. 211–33.Google Scholar
Wolters, O. W.Phạn Sū Mạnh’s Poems Written while Patrolling the Vietnamese Northern Border in the Middle of the Fourteenth Century.” Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 13, no. 1 (1982): 107–19.Google Scholar
Wolters, O. W.Assertions of Cultural Well-Being in Fourteenth-Century Vietnam (Part I).” Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 10, no. 2 (1979): 435–50.Google Scholar
Woods, John. “The Rise of Tīmurīd Historiography.” Journal of Near Eastern Studies 46, no. 2 (1987): 81108.Google Scholar
Woods, John. The Timurid Dynasty. Papers on Inner Asia. Bloomington: Indiana University, 1990.Google Scholar
Woods, John. “Timur’s Genealogy.” In Intellectual Studies on Islam, Essays Written in Honor of Martin B. Dickson, edited by Mazzaoui, Michel and Moreen, Vera. Salt Late City: University of Utah Press, 1990, pp. 85126.Google Scholar
Woods, John. “Turco-Iranica II: Notes on a Timurid Decree of 1396/798.” Journal of Near Eastern Studies 43, no. 4 (1984): 331–37.Google Scholar
Wu, Guoqing. Zhongguo zhanzhengshi, vol. 6, Yuanchao shiqi Mingchao shiqi. Beijing: Renmin chubanshe, 2016.Google Scholar
Han, Wu. “Ji Ming shilu.” Zhongyang yanjiuyuan lishi yuyan yanjiusuo jikan 18, no. 1 (1948): 385447. Rpt. in Wu Han Du shi zha ji. Beijing: Sanlian shudian, 1956, pp. 156–234.Google Scholar
Han, Wu. Zhu Yuanzhang zhuan. 1948. Rpt. Hong Kong: Xianggang zhuanji wenxueshe, n.d.; Shanghai: Sanlian shudian, 1949.Google Scholar
Man, Wu. Mingdai Songshixue yanjiu. Beijing: Renmin chubanshe, 2012.Google Scholar
Qi, Wu and Zhongwen, Zhu. “‘Lan Yu dang’an’ yu Mingdai kaiguo wujiang jiazu mingyun zhi zhuanzhe.” Shenzhen daxue xuebao (renwen shehui kexueban) 33, no. 1 (2016): 131–39.Google Scholar
Wu, Yue. “Waijiao de linian yu waijiao de xianshi: yi Zhu Yuanzhang dui ‘bu zheng guo’ Chaoxian de zhengce wei zhongxin.” Mingshi yanjiu 11 (2010): 2654.Google Scholar
Wu Shi, . Yi shan si gao. Rpt. in BTGZ, vol. 102.Google Scholar
Wulan, . See Ullaan Borjigijin.Google Scholar
Wurina, . “Shisi shijimo zhi shiwu shijichu Menggu shangceng de neibu douzheng ji hanquan de shuaiei.” Neimenggu shehui kexue (wenshizheban) 3 (1988): 5860.Google Scholar
Lei, Xi. Yuandai Gaoli gongnü zhidu. Beijing: Minzu chubanshe, 2003.Google Scholar
Lei, Xi and Bagena, Temür. “Yuandai Gaoli gongnü zhidu yuqi zhengzhi wenhua beijing.” Neimenggu shehui kexue (Hanwenban) 24, no. 5 (2003): 59.Google Scholar
Xidurigu, . See Shidurghu.Google Scholar
Yuanji, Xia (1366–1430). Yi tong zhao ji lu. Bai sheng, in Bai bu cong shu, series 17, part 3.Google Scholar
Qiqing, Xiao (Hsiao Ch’i-ch’ing). “Lun Yuandai Mengruren zhi Hanhua.” Guoli Taiwan daxue lishixuexi xuebao 17 (1992). Rpt. in Xiao Qiqing, Meng Yuan shi xinyan. Taibei: Yunchen wenhua chuban, 1994, pp. 217–63.Google Scholar
Guian, Xie. Ming shilu yanjiu. Wuhan: Hubei renmin chubanshe, 2003.Google Scholar
Guian, Xie. “Shishu Ming Taizu shilu dui Zhu Yuanzhang xingxiang de suzao.” Xueshu yanjiu 5 (2010): 97105.Google Scholar
Jin, Xu. Ping fan shi mo (shang). In Guo chao dian gu, edited by Deng Shilong. Rpt. Beijing: Beijing daxue chubanshe, juan 99.Google Scholar
Xueju, Xu (jinshi 1583). Guo chao dian hui. 1625. Rpt. Beijing: Shumu wenxian chubanshe, 1996.Google Scholar
Yuanrui, Xu. Li xue zhi nan. Rpt. in XXSK, zi bu, vol. 973.Google Scholar
Zhenqing, Xu. Jian sheng ye wen. Rpt. in GCDG, vol. 1.Google Scholar
Tatsurō, Yamamoto. Annanshi kenkyū. Tokyo: Yamakawa shuppansha, 1950.Google Scholar
Fuxue, Yang and Haijuan, Zhang. “Menggu Binwang jiazu yu Yuandai Yijinailu zhi guanxi.” Yuanshi luncong 14 (2014): 453–61.Google Scholar
Ne, Yang. “Xu Shouhui, Chen Youliang deng shiji fafu–Liu Shangbin wenji duhou.” Zhongguo wenshi luncong 2 (2008): 7194.Google Scholar
Rong, Yang (1371–1440). Yang wen min gong ji. Rpt. Taibei: Wenhai chubanshe, 1970.Google Scholar
Shen, Yang. Dian zai ji. Rpt. in Lidai biji xiaoshuo jicheng. Shijiazhuang: Hebei jiaoyu chubanshe, vol. 49, 1995.Google Scholar
Yang, Uisuk. “Wŏn kansŏpgi Yosimjiyŏk Koryŏin ŭi tonghyang.” Tongguk yŏksa kyoyuk 4 (1996): 139.Google Scholar
Xiaoneng, Yang. “Ming Art and Culture from an Archaeological Perspective–Part 1: Royal and Elite Tombs.” Orientations 37, no. 5 (2006): 4049.Google Scholar
Xiaoneng, Yang. “Ming Art and Culture from an Archaeological Perspective–Part 2: The Imperial Mausoleum and Elite Burial Practises.” Orientations 37, no. 6 (2006): 6978.Google Scholar
Xiaoneng, Yang. “Ming Art and Culture from an Archaeological Perspective–Part 3: Textiles and Ceramics.” Orientations 38, no. 1 (2007): 6980.Google Scholar
Yanbin, Yang. “Shixi Yuanmo zhi Bei Yuan chuqi Gansu diqu de fensheng shezhi.” Xi Xia xue 4 (2009): 153–56.Google Scholar
Yinmin, Yang. “Yuandai guanfu zhiying jiupin de shengchan yu guanli.” Ningxia shehui kexue 1 (2010): 107–12.Google Scholar
Yiqing, Yang. “Yunnan Dali faxian yipi Mingdai guanyin.” Wenwu 11 (1986): 9596.Google Scholar
Yongkang, Yang. Mingdai guanfang xiushi yu chaoting zhengzhi. Beijing: Renmin chubanshe, 2015.Google Scholar
Dali, Yao. “Naiyan zhi luan zakao.” Yuanshi ji beifang minzushi yanjiu jikan 7 (1983): 7482. Rpt. in Yao Dali. Meng Yuan zhidu yu zhengzhi wenhua. Beijing: Beijing daxue chubanshe, 2011, pp. 403–19.Google Scholar
Dingyi, Ye. Mingdai tewu zhengzhi. 1950; rpt. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 2006.Google Scholar
Quanhong, Ye. Mingdai qianqi Zhong Han guojiao zhi yanjiu. Taibei: Taiwan shangwuguan, 1998.Google Scholar
Sheng, Ye (1420–74). Shui dong ri ji. Rpt. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1980, second printing 1997.Google Scholar
Ji, Yuan. “Yuandai liangdujian yilu.” Rpt. in Yuan Shangdu yanjiu lunwenji, edited by Xinmin, Ye. Beijing: Zhongyang minzu daxue chubanshe, 2003, pp. 213–21.Google Scholar
Xinmin, Ye. Yuan Shangdu yanjiu. Hohhot: Neimenggu daxue chubanshe, 1998.Google Scholar
Xinmin, Ye, et al.Yuandai de Xinghelu yu Zhongdu.” Wenwu chunqiu 3 (1998): 2933, 69.Google Scholar
Ikchu, Yi. “Koryŏ—Wŏn kwan’gye ŭi kojo e taehan yŏn’gu – sowi ‘Sejo koje’ ŭi punsŏk rŭl chungsim ŭro.” Han’guk saron 36 (1996): 151.Google Scholar
Kaesŏk, Yi. “14 segi ch’o makpuk yumok kyŏngje ŭi pul’anjŏng kwa pumin saenghwal.” Tongyangsa yǒn’gu 46 (1994): 153.Google Scholar
Myŏngmi, Yi. “Ki Hwanghu seryŏk ŭi Kongminwang p’yewi sido wa Koryŏ kukwangkwŏn.” Yŏksa hakpo 206 (2010): HGYT, vol. 2, pt. 6, 136Google Scholar
Saek, Yi, Mok-ŭn mungo. Rpt. in HGMJ, vol. 5; HGYT, vol. 20, pt. 6.Google Scholar
Yonghyuk, Yoon. “The Focal Issues in the Historical Study of the Koryǒ’s Resistance against the Mongols.” International Journal of Korean History 10 (2006): 4369.Google Scholar
Jideng, Yu (1544–1600). (Huang Ming) Dian gu ji wen. 1601. Rpt. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1981, second printing, 1997.Google Scholar
Ǔnsuk, Yun. “Nagach’u ǔi Hwaldong kwa sipsa segimal TongAsia chǒngse.” Myǒng Ch’ǒngsa yǒn’gu 28 (2007): 127.Google Scholar
Ǔnsuk, Yun. “Pukwǒn kwa Myǒng ǔi taerip--Yodong munje rŭr chungsim ŭro–.” Tongyang sahak yǒn’gu 105 (2008): pp. 81112.Google Scholar
Ǔnsuk, Yun. “14 segimal Manju ǔi yǒksasang–Otch’igin wangga wa Manju.” Nong’ǒpsa yǒn’gu 11, no. 1 (2012): 4769.Google Scholar
Ǔnsuk, Yun. “14?15 segi Uryangkkai sam’ui hwa Monggor-Myŏng kwan’gye.” Myŏng Ch’ŏngsa yŏn’gu 43, (2015): 129.Google Scholar
Ǔnsuk, Yun. “Wŏnmal T’ogon T’emuŭr k’an ŭi Tamma kongjŏn.” T’amma munhwa 53 (2016): 195206.Google Scholar
Ǔnsuk, Yun. “Yŏ-Mong kwan’gye ŭi sŏnggyŏk kwa Tong Asia ŭi kukche kwan’gye.” Tongbuk Asia nonch?ong 35 (2011): 119–62.Google Scholar
Chunchang, Zhang. “Youguan Yuan Zhongdu chengqiang de jidian sikao.” Wenwu chunqiu 5 (2003): 2938.Google Scholar
Chunchang, Zhang. “Yuan Zhongdu yu Helin, Shangdu, Dadu de bijiao yanjiu.” Wenwu chunqiu 5 (2005): 811, 30.Google Scholar
Daiyu, Zhang. “Yuanshi huizhu kaozheng Yuanshi zhuwang biao jinyin shouniulan Liang Wang.” Yuanshi ji minzu yu bianjiang yanjiu jikan 23 (2011): 128.Google Scholar
Dexin, Zhang. “Lüelun Zhu Yuanzhang yu Yuanchao de guanxi.” Jianghuai luntan (1990). Rpt. in Zhang Dexin, Mingshi yanjiu lungao. Beijing: Shehui kexue wenxian chubanshe, 2011, pp. 178–84.Google Scholar
Dexin, Zhang. “Taizu huangdi qinlu jiqi faxian yu yanjiu jilu: jianji Yuzhi jifei lu”. Ming Qing luncong 6 (2005): 83110.Google Scholar
Dexin, Zhang. “Zhu Yuanzhang shiwen chulun.” Beifang luncong 4 (1996). Rpt. in Zhang Dexin, Mingshi yanjiu lungao. Beijing: Shehui kexue wenxian chubanshe, 2011, pp. 217–22.Google Scholar
Haijuan, Zhang. “Heishuicheng wenxian yu Meng Yuanshi de jian’gou.” Dunhuang yanjiu 1 (2015): 91–101.Google Scholar
Hong, Zhang. Nan yi shu. Rpt. SKCM, shi 255, p. 197; typeset edition, rpt. YSC, vol. 4, pp. 570–78.Google Scholar
Hongying, Zhang. “Heishuicheng wenshusuojian jiceng Kongzi jisi.” Tushuguan lilun yu shijian 7 (2014): 98–100.Google Scholar
Jeremy Fan, Zhang. Royal Taste: The Art of Princely Courts in Fifteenth-Century China. New York: Scala Arts Publishers, 2015.Google Scholar
Jia, Zhang. Xin tianxia zhi hua. Shanghai: Fudan daxue chubanshe, 2016.Google Scholar
Jinkui, Zhang. Mingdai weisuo junhu yanjiu. Beijing: Xianzhuang shuju, 2007.Google Scholar
Jingrui, Zhang. “Mingshi jishi benmo Hu Lan zhi yu jiaodu.” Mingshi yanjiu 16 (2019): 159–69.Google Scholar
Shufang, Zhang. Dali congshu jinshi pian. Beijing: Zhongguo shehui kexue chubanshe, 1993, vol. 1.Google Scholar
Wende, Zhang. Chaogong yu rufu: Mingdai Xiyuren laihua yanjiu. Lanzhou: Lanzhou daxue chubanshe, 2013.Google Scholar
Wende, Zhang. “Lun Ming yu Zhongya Tiemuer wangchao de guanxi.” Lishi dangan 1 (2007): 5864.Google Scholar
Wende, Zhang. Ming yu Tiemuer wangchao guanxishi yanjiu. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 2006.Google Scholar
Wenping, Zhang. “Neimenggu diqu Meng Yuan chengzhen de fenlei yanjiu.” Dongfang kaogu 9 (2012): 547–60.Google Scholar
Xiaofeng, Zhang. “Heishuicheng wenshu zhong de Ningsuwang.” Tushuguan lilun yu shijian 7 (2014): 9497.Google Scholar
Xilu, Zhang. Yuandai Dali Duanshi zongguan shi. Kunming: Yunnan renmin chubanshe, 2015.Google Scholar
George Qingzhi, Zhao. Marriage as a Political Strategy and Cultural Expression. New York and Bern: Peter Lang, 2008.Google Scholar
Xianhai, Zhao. “Hongwu chunian Gansu diyuan zhengzhi yu Mingchao xibei bianjie zhengce–you Feng Sheng ‘qi di’ shijian yinfa de sikao.” Gudai wenming 5, no. 1 (2011): 7790.Google Scholar
Xianhai, Zhao. Mingdai jiubian changcheng junzhenshi. Beijing: Shehui kexue wenxian chubanshe, 2012.Google Scholar
Liangsheng, Zheng. Min Nichi kankeishi no kenkyū. Yūzankaku shuppan, 1985.Google Scholar
Zheng, Shaozong. “Kaoguxueshang suojian zhi Yuan Zhongdu–Wangwuchadu xinggong.” Wenwu chunqiu 3 (1998): 5568.Google Scholar
Zhongguo diyi lishi dang’anguan and Liaoningsheng dang’anguan, editors. Zhongguo Mingchao dang’an zonghui. Guilin: Guangxi shifan daxue chubanshe, 2000.Google Scholar
Zhoug, Boqi. Jin guang ji, Rpt. in Wenyuange Siku quanshu. Taibei: Taiwan shangwu yinshuguan, 1983, vol. 1214.Google Scholar
Fang, Zhou. “Yuandai Yunnan zongwang kaoxi.” Yunnan minzu daxue xuebao (zhexue shehui kexueban) 27, no. 6 (2010): 109–13.Google Scholar
Liangxia, Zhou. “Sanchao xiagong zakao.” Wenwu chunqiu 3 (1998): 2124, 43.Google Scholar
Liangxia, Zhou and Juying, Gu. Yuanshi. Shanghai: Shanghai chubanshe, 1993.Google Scholar
Song, Zhou. “Mingdai Nanjing de Huihuiren wuguan–jiyu Nanjing Jinyiwei de yanjiu.” Zhongguo shehui jingjishi yanjiu 3 (2010): 1222.Google Scholar
Yongjie, Zhou. “Yuandai Yijinailu shichang wenti juyu.” Xi Xia yanjiu 3 (2015): 4753.Google Scholar
Guozhen, Zhu (1558–1632). Yong chuang xiao pin. 1621. Rpt. Beijing: Wenhua yishu chubanshe, 1998.Google Scholar
Jianlu, Zhu. “Heishuicheng suochu ‘Yijinai fensheng yuan chufang guiyun guanben die’ kaoshi.” Ningxia shehui kexue 2 (2012): 114–17.Google Scholar
Jianlu, Zhu. “Yuanmo yu Bei Yuan chuqi de fensheng shezhi.” Xi Xia yanjiu 3 (2011): 6671.Google Scholar
Xinguang, Zhu. “Shilun Tiemuer diguo yu Mingchao zhi guanxi.” Xibei minzu yanjiu 1 (1996): 260–67.Google Scholar
Yuanzhang, Zhu. Ci zhu fan zhao chi. Rpt. in MCKG, vol. 3.Google Scholar
Yuanzhang, ZhuDa Ming Taizu huangdi yu zhi ji. Rpt. in Xijian Mingshi yanjiu ziliao wuzhong, edited by shuju, Zhonghua. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 2015, vols. 1–4.Google Scholar
Yuanzhang, ZhuMing Taizu yu zhi wen ji. Rpt. Taibei: Xuesheng shuju, 1965.Google Scholar
Yuanzhang, ZhuYu zhi Da Gao xu bian. Rpt. XXSK, vol. 862.Google Scholar
Shūhō, Zuikei. Zenrin kokuhōki. Edited by Takeo, Tanaka. Rpt. Tokyo: Shūeisha, 1995.Google Scholar
Dongling, Zuo. “Fang Guozhen shendao beiming de xushi celüe yu Song Lian Mingchu de wenzhangguan.” Shoudu shifan daxue xuebao (shehui kexueban) 6 (2013): 8692.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • Works Cited
  • David M. Robinson, Colgate University, New York
  • Book: In the Shadow of the Mongol Empire
  • Online publication: 17 October 2019
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108687645.017
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • Works Cited
  • David M. Robinson, Colgate University, New York
  • Book: In the Shadow of the Mongol Empire
  • Online publication: 17 October 2019
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108687645.017
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Works Cited
  • David M. Robinson, Colgate University, New York
  • Book: In the Shadow of the Mongol Empire
  • Online publication: 17 October 2019
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108687645.017
Available formats
×