An underlying theme in this book is that literature/art is so characteristic an output of the human mind, that without a systematic cognitively-oriented study of both the intra-individual and inter-individual aspects of the literary/art event, it will be impossible to ever fully understand the workings of the mind itself, let alone its place in nature. In this light, Chapter 7 spells out the broader epistemological and methodological implications of the book, stressing the need for a genuinely interdisciplinary or ‘bi-directional’ relationship between theory in the humanities and scientific theory of the type produced in disciplines belonging to the empirical and cognitive paradigm, with a focus on how empirical and cognitive theories can not only influence but also be influenced by the study of literary and other art forms. I explicitly argue for a ‘naturalistic’ turn that favours the development of such genuinely interdisciplinary investigative practices in literary and art-theoretical study and looks at a range of theoretical, epistemic and methodological challenges raised by a bi-directional interdisciplinary enterprise.