Alesina, A., & Spolaore, E. (2005). The size of nations. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

Agranoff, R. (2001). Managing within the matrix: Do collaborative intergovernmental relations exist? Publius: The Journal of Federalism, 31(2), 31–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Alemanno, A. (2009). Solving the problem of scale: The European approach to import safety and security concerns. In Coglianese, C, Finkel, A. M., & Zaring, D (Eds.), Import safety: Regulatory governance in the global economy (pp. 171–189). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar

Andersson, K. P., & Ostrom, E. (2008). Analyzing decentralized resource regimes from a polycentric perspective. Policy Sciences, 41(1), 71–93.Google Scholar

Anderlini, J. (2011). Lipton tea faces safety scandal in China. Financial Times.Accessed July 28, 2017 at www.ft.com/content/378f686e-0c55-11e1-8ac6-00144feabdc0Google Scholar

Ansell, C. & Torfing, J. (2015). How does collaborative governance scale? Policy & Politics, 43(3), 315–329.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Ansell, C. & Vogel, D. (2006). What's the Beef? The Contested Governance of European Food Safety. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

Asian Development Bank (ADB). (2005). Report: The food safety control system of the People's Republic of China. Technical Assistance Product 1 (A) and (B). Beijing: Asian Development Bank.Google Scholar

Asia Development Bank, State Food and Drug Administration, & WHO. (2007). The food safety control system of the People's Republic of China. Beijing: Authors.Google Scholar

Associated Press (AP). (2006, July 27). Japan lifts ban on the US beef imports. Associated Press. Accessed February 5, 2012, at www.msnbc.msn.com/id/14067330/ns/business-retail/t/japan-lifts-ban-us-beef-imports/#.T2Tp7RGPWrgGoogle Scholar

Auel, K. (2014). Intergovernmental relations in German federalism: Cooperative federalism, party politics and territorial conflicts. Comparative European Politics, 12(4), 422–443.Google Scholar

Bagumire, A., Todd, E., Muyanja, C. & Nasinyama, G. (2009). National food safety control systems in Sub-Saharan Africa: Does Uganda's aquaculture control system meet international requirements, Food Policy, 34(5), 458–467.Google Scholar

Baker, T. (2009). Bonded import safety warranties. In Coglianese, C, Finkel, A. M., & Zaring, D (Eds.), Import safety: Regulatory governance in the global economy (pp. 215–232). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar

Balleisen, E. J., & Moss, D. A. (Eds.). (2010). Government and markets: Toward a new theory of regulation. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Balzano, J. (2012). China's Food Safety Law: Administrative Innovation and Institutional Design in Comparative Perspective, Asian-Pacific Law & Policy Journal, 13(2), 23–80.Google Scholar

Balzano, J. (2015). New layers of China's food safety regulation. Forbes Online. Accessed July 29, 2017 at www.forbes.com/sites/johnbalzano/2015/09/20/new-layers-of-chinas-food-safety-regulation/#4815c0483b8cGoogle Scholar

Balzano, J. (2016). Lingering food safety regulatory issues for China in 2016. Forbes Online. Accessed July 29, 2017 at www.forbes.com/sites/johnbalzano/2016/01/10/lingering-food-safety-regulatory-issues-for-china-in-2016/#7bee46ca5f5aGoogle Scholar

Bamberger, K. A., & Guzman, A. T. (2008). Keeping imports safe: A proposal for discriminatory regulation of international trade, California Law Review, 96(6), 1405–1447.Google Scholar

Bate, R. & Porter, K. (2009). The problems and potential of China's pharmaceutical industry: Health policy outlook, American Enterprise Outlook, 3, 1–10.Google Scholar

Barboza, D. (2010). Recycled cooking oil found to be latest hazard in China. The New York Times. Accessed March 6, 2017 at www.nytimes.com/2010/04/01/world/asia/01shanghai.htmlGoogle Scholar

Barclay, E. (2011). Tainted pork is latest food safety scandal in China. National Public Radio. Accessed on March 6, 2017 at www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2011/04/29/135839397/tainted-pork-is-latest-food-safety-scandal-in-chinaGoogle Scholar

Baum, R., & Shevchenko, A. (1999). The state of the state. In M. Goldman & R. MacFarquhar (Eds.), The paradox of China's post-Mao reforms (Vol. 12, pp. 333–360). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar

Beck, U. (1992). Risk society: Towards a new modernity, Vol. 17. London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Becker, G. (2005). Japan-US Beef Trade Issues: CRS Report for Congress. Congressional Research Service. RS22115.Google Scholar

Becker, G. (2009). US Food and Agricultural Imports: Safeguards and Selected Issues: CRS Report for Congress, Congressional Research Service. 7–5700.Google Scholar

Beijing Chenbao [BCB]. (2012, July 4). Guowuyuan Mingque jiang Shipin Anquan naru Difang Zhengfu Kaohe. Beijing Chenbao. Accessed July 15, 2012 at http://news.ifeng.com/mainland/detail_2012_07/04/15756564_0.shtmlGoogle Scholar

Beijing Farmer's Market Guidelines. Handout.Google Scholar

Berkes, F. (2007). Community-based conservation in a globalized world. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104(39), 15188–15193.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bernstein, T. P. (2006). Mao Zedong and the Famine of 1959–1960: A Study in Wilfulness. The China Quarterly, 186, 421–445.Google Scholar

Bevir, M. (Ed.). (2007). The encyclopedia of governance. 2 volumes. London: Sage.Google Scholar

Bevir, M., & Rhodes, R. (2004). Interpreting British governance. London: Routledge.Google Scholar

Bevir, M. (2007). Hollow state. In Bevir, M. (Ed.), Encyclopedia of governance (pp. 418–419). London: Sage.Google Scholar

BioFarm website. Brief on farm. Accessed August 10, 2011 at www.biofarm.cn/en/yj_ncjj.htmlGoogle Scholar

Biswas, A. & Hartley, K. (2015). India and food safety. The Diplomat. Accessed on July 29, 2017 at http://thediplomat.com/2015/09/india-and-food-safety/Google Scholar

Inocencio, R., & Ke, F. (2013). Maggots, bacteria allegedly plagued China's number one meat brand. CNN News. Accessed 6 March 2017 at www.cnn.com/2013/05/31/business/china-food-tainted-shuanghui-maggots/Google Scholar

Boix, C., & Posner, D. N. (1998). Social Capital: Explaining its Origins and Effects on Government Performance, British Journal of Political Science, 28, 686–693.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Borzel, T. A., & Hosli, M. O. (2003). Brussels between Bern and Berlin: comparative federalism meets the EU, Governance, 16(2), 179–202.Google Scholar

Bottemiller, H. S. (2010). USDA bans US organic inspector in China. Food Safety News. Accessed July 29, 2017 at www.foodsafetynews.com/2010/06/usda-bans-us-organic-inspector-in-china/#.WX0KpojyuUkGoogle Scholar

Bowles, S., & Gintis, H. (2002). Social capital and community governance, The Economic Journal, 112(483), 419–436.Google Scholar

Bradsher, K. (2011). Chinese city shuts down 13 Wal-Marts. New York Times. Accessed July 28, 2017 at www.nytimes.com/2011/10/11/business/global/wal-marts-in-china-city-closed-for-pork-mislabeling.html?mcubz=2Google Scholar

Braithwaite, J. (2008). Regulatory capitalism: How it works, ideas for making it work better. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.Google Scholar

Bramall, C. (1995). Origins of the Agricultural “Miracle”: Some Evidence from Sichuan, The China Quarterly, 143, 731–755.Google Scholar

Brewer, C. (2012). China takes steps to strengthen food safety. FDA Voice. Accessed February 10, 2013 at http://blogs.fda.gov/fdavoice/index.php/2012/12/china-takes-steps-to-strengthen-food-safety/Google Scholar

Brooks, N., Regmi, A., & Jerardo, A. (2009). US Food Import Patters, 1998–2007: A Report from the Economic Research Service. USDA, FAU-125.Google Scholar

Brown, C., & Miller, S. (2008). The impacts of local markets: A review of research on farmers markets and community supported agriculture. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 90(5), 1298–1302.Google Scholar

Buckley, C. (2013). Rice tainted with cadmium is discovered in southern China. New York Times. Accessed March 6, 2017 at www.nytimes.com/2013/05/22/world/asia/cadmium-tainted-rice-discovered-in-southern-china.htmlGoogle Scholar

Buizer, M., Arts, B., & Kok, K. (2011). Governance, scale and the environment: The importance of recognizing knowledge claims in transdisciplinary arenas, Ecology and Society, 16(1), 1–18.Google Scholar

Burke, B. F. (2014). Understanding intergovernmental relations, twenty-five years hence. State and Local Government Review, 46(1), 63–76.Google Scholar

Cai, H., Chen, Y., & Gong, Q. (2015). Polluting thy neighbor: Unintended consequences of China's pollution reduction mandates. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 76, 86–104.Google Scholar

Calvin, L., Gale, F., Hu, D., & Lohmar, B. (2006). Food safety improvements underway in China. Amber Waves, 4(5), 17–21.Google Scholar

Cameron, D., & Simeon, R. (2002). Intergovernmental relations in Canada: The emergence of collaborative federalism. Publius: The Journal of Federalism, 32(2), 49–72.Google Scholar

Carter, C., & Rozelle, S. (2001). Will China become a major force in world food markets? Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, 23(2), 319–331.Google Scholar

Cash, David, Adger, W. Berkes, F. Garden, P. Lebel, L. Olsson, P. Pritchard, L. & Young, O. (2006). Scale and Cross-Scale Dynamics: Governance and Information in a Multilevel World. Ecology and Society, 11, 1–12.Google Scholar

Certification and Accreditation Administration for China [CNCA]. (2009). CNAS Renke Fazhan Baogao. CNAS Annual Report.Google Scholar

Chen, J., Pan, J., & Xu, Y. (2016). Sources of authoritarian responsiveness: A field experiment in China. American Journal of Political Science, 60(2), 383–400.Google Scholar

Chen, K. Z., Chen, Y., & Shi, M. (2005). Globalization, pesticide regulation, and supply chain development: A case of Chinese vegetable export to Japan. In Huang, Z., Chen, K., & Shi, M. (Eds.), Food safety: Consumer, trade, and regulation issues (pp. 106–127). Zhejiang University Press.Google Scholar

Chen, K., & Zhao, J. (2010). Development of Farmer Cooperatives With Chinese Characteristics: A Political Economic Lens. Unpublished Manuscript.Google Scholar

China Statistics Bureau. (2010). China Statistics Yearbook 2010.Google Scholar

Chongming Government. (2012). “Chongmingxian Renmin Zhengu Yinfa Guanyu Fuchi Choming Gaoxiao Shengtai Nongye Jiakuai Fazhan zhengce Yijian tongzhi.” Accessed August 9, 2012 at www.cmx.gov.cn/html/DefaultSite/shcm_xxgk_zfgb_201202_zfwj/2012–05–31/Detail_28665.htmGoogle Scholar

Christmann, P., & Taylor, G. (2001). Globalization and the environment: Determinants of self regulation in China. Journal of International Business Studies, 32(3), 439–458.Google Scholar

Chung, J. H., & Lam, T. C. (Eds.). (2009). China's local administration: Traditions and changes in the sub-national hierarchy. New York: Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Chung, J. H., Lai, H., & Joo, J. H. (2009). Assessing the “Revive the Northeast” (zhenxing dongbei) programme: Origins, policies and implementation. The China Quarterly, 197, 108–125.Google Scholar

Chung, J. (2003). The political economy of industrial restructuring in China: The case of civil aviation. The China Journal, 50, 61–82.Google Scholar

Coglianese, C., Finkel, A. M., & Zaring, D. (2009). Import safety: Regulatory governance in the global economy. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar

Coglianese, C., & Lazer, D. (2003). Management-based regulation: Prescribing private management to achieve public goals. Law and Society, 37(4), 691–730.Google Scholar

Conlan, T. (2006). From cooperative to opportunistic federalism: Reflections on the half-century anniversary of the commission on intergovernmental relations. Public Administration Review, 66(5), 663–676.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Convertino, M., & Liang, S. (2014). Probabilistic supply chain risk model for food safety. Planet@ Risk, 2(3), 191–195.Google Scholar

Dahl, R. A. (1994). A democratic dilemma: System effectiveness versus citizen participation. Political Science Quarterly, 109(1), 23–34.Google Scholar

Dan, W. (2011). Jianli Kechixushengtai Tixi, Business China, 9, 42–44.Google Scholar

Dasgupta, J. (2001). India's federal design and multicultural national construction. In Kohli, A. (Ed.), The success of India's democracy (Vol. 6, pp. 49–77). New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Davis, C. (2001). The west in flames: the intergovernmental politics of wildfire suppression and prevention, Publius: The Journal of Federalism, 31(3), 97–110.Google Scholar

Davison, N. (2013). Rivers of blood: The dead pigs rotting China's water supply. The Guardian. Accessed March 6, 2017 at www.theguardian.com/world/2013/mar/29/dead-pigs-china-water-supplyGoogle Scholar

Day, A. (2008). The end of the peasant? New rural reconstruction in China, Boundary 2(35), 49–73.Google Scholar

De Oliveira, A., Croson, R., & Eckle, C. (2009). Are preferences stable across domains? An experimental investigation of social preferences in the field. CBEES Working Paper 2008–3.Google Scholar

DeLisle, J. (2009). The other China trade deficit. In Coglianese, C., Finkel, A. M., & Zaring, D. (Eds.), Import safety: Regulatory governance in the global economy (pp. 22–49). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar

Demick, B. (2011, September 16). In China, what you eat tells you who you are. Los Angeles Times. Accessed November 10, 2011 at http://articles.latimes.com/2011/sep/16/world/la-fg-china-elite-farm-20110917Google Scholar

DG SANCO. (2006). Memorandum of Understanding on Administrative Co-Operation Arrangements between The European Commission's Directorate General for Health and Consumer Protection (DG SANCO) and The General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China (AQSIQ).Google Scholar

DG SANCO. (2008). Summary Record of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health held in Brussels on 25 September 2008. SANCO – D1(2008)D/411968.Google Scholar

Dhar, A. (2012). Food free from fear. The Hindu. Accessed May 22, 2014 at www.thehindu.com/news/national/food-free-from-fear/article3283640.eceGoogle Scholar

Diani, M. (1997). Social Movements and Social Capital: A Network Perspective on Movement Outcomes, Mobilization: An International Quarterly, 2, 129–147.Google Scholar

Dietz, T., Ostrom, E., & Stern, P. C. (2003). The struggle to govern the commons. Science, 302(5652), 1907–1912.Google Scholar

Dikotter, F. (2010). Mao's Great Famine. London: Bloomsbury.Google Scholar

Distelhorst, G. & Hou, Y. (2014). Constituency Service Under Nondemocratic Rule: Evidence from China. In APSA 2014 Annual Meeting Paper.Google Scholar

Dixit, V., Magni, M., St-Maurice, I., Süssmuth-Dyckerhoff, C., & Tsai, H. (2008). Insights China, Annual Chinese Consumer Survey 08, McKinsey and Company.Google Scholar

Donovan, J., Caswell, J., & Salay, E. (2001). The Effect of Stricter Regulations on Food Safety Levels in Developing Countries: A Study of Brazil, Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, 23, 163–175.Google Scholar

Dressler, W., Büscher, B., Schoon, M., Brockington, D. A. N., Hayes, T., Kull, C. A., … & Shrestha, K. (2010). From hope to crisis and back again? A critical history of the global CBNRM narrative. Environmental Conservation, 37(1), 5–15.Google Scholar

Dyer, G. (2007, October 29). China arrests 774 in crackdown. Financial Times. Accessed August 10, 2010 at www.ft.com/cms/s/0/1acf1f42–865f-11dc-b00e-0000779fd2ac.html#axzz2VYjmrM45Google Scholar

Echols, M. A. (1998). Food safety regulation in the EU and the United States: Different cultures, different laws. Columbia Journal of European Law, 4, 525–543.Google Scholar

Ecoland. Undated. Manifesto for Production.Google Scholar

Economist. (2016). Beware the Cult of Xi. Economist Online. Accessed July 29, 2017 at www.economist.com/news/leaders/21695881-xi-jinping-stronger-his-predecessors-his-power-damaging-country-beware-cultGoogle Scholar

Edin, M. (2003). State capacity and local agent control in China: CCP cadre management from a township perspective, The China Quarterly, 173, 35–52.Google Scholar

Egorov, G., Guriev, S., & Sonin, K. (2009). Why resource-poor dictators allow freer media: A theory and evidence from panel data. American Political Science Review, 103(4), 645–668.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Eijlander, P. (2005). Possibilities and constraints in the use of self-regulation and co-regulation in legislative policy: experience in Netherlands – Lessons to be learned for the EU? Electronic Journal of Comparative Law 9 (1), 1–8.Google Scholar

EIU. (2017). Global Food Security Index. Accessed July 29, 2017 at http://foodsecurityindex.eiu.com/Country/Details#United%20StatesGoogle Scholar

Elazar, D. J. (1993). International and comparative federalism, PS: Political Science & Politics, 26(2), 190–195.Google Scholar

Endres, A., & Johnson, N. R. (2011). Integrating stakeholder roles in food production, marketing, and safety systems: An evolving multi-jurisdictional approach. Journal of Environmental Law and Litigation, 26(1), 29–108.Google Scholar

EU-China Trade Project [EUCTP]. (2008). Organic Agriculture in China-Current Situation and Challenges. EU-China Trade Project Report. Beijing.Google Scholar

EU-China Trade Project [EUCTP]. (2009). The EU-China Trade Project: An Important Contribution to China's Integration into the World Trading System: Results and Achievements Report. EU-China Trade Project, Beijing.Google Scholar

European Commission, DG Trade, Bilateral Relations, Statistics, China, 2012 http://ec.europa.eu/trade/creating-opportunities/bilateral-relations/statistics/Google Scholar

EU SME Centre. (2013). The food and beverage market in China. EU SME Centre Report. Beijing.Google Scholar

Fackler, M. (2007, October 11). Safe food for Japan. New York Times.Google Scholar

Fackler, M. (2008, February 2). Insecticide-tainted dumplings from China sicken 175 in Japan. New York Times.Google Scholar

Fairbank, J. K. (1973). The early treaty system in the Chinese world order. In Fairbank, J. (Ed.), The Chinese world order: Traditional China's foreign relations (pp. 276–288). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar

Fairbank, J. (1988). The Chinese behemoth. New York Review of Books. Accessed July 28, 2017 at www.nybooks.com/articles/1988/01/21/the-chinese-behemoth/Google Scholar

Fan, H., Ye, Z., Zhao, W., Tian, H., Qi, Y., & Busch, L. (2009). Agriculture and food quality and safety certification agencies in four Chinese cities, Food Control, 20(7), 627–630.Google Scholar

Fan, S. (1997). Production and productivity growth in Chinese agriculture: New measurement and evidence. Food Policy, 22(3), 213–228.Google Scholar

Fewsmith, J. (1994). Dilemmas of reform in China: Political conflict and economic debate. New York: ME Sharpe/Armonk.Google Scholar

Food and Drug Administration [FDA MOU]. (2007). Agreement between the Department of Health and Human Services of the USA and AQSIQ of the PRC of the Safety of Food and Feed. Accessed October 25, 2011 at www.fda.gov/InternationalPrograms/Agreements/MemorandaofUnderstanding/ucm107557.htmGoogle Scholar

Food and Water Watch [F&W]. (2011). A Decade of Dangerous Food Imports from China.Google Scholar

Food Safety Documents (Internal Government) [FSDOC]. (2010–2011). County Food Safety Documents.Google Scholar

FoodDrink Europe. (2016). Data & trends EU food and drink industry 2016: FoodDrink Europe Report. Belgium: FoodDrink Europe.Google Scholar

Freidberg, S. (2004). French beans and food scares: Culture and commerce in an anxious age. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

FSIS. Slaughter Inspection 101. Accessed July 28, 2017 at www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/production-and-inspection/slaughter-inspection-101/slaughter-inspection-101Google Scholar

Fu, L. (2016). What China's Food Safety Challenges Mean for Consumers, Regulators, and the Global Economy. Brookings blog. Accessed July 29, 2017 at www.brookings.edu/blogs/order-from-chaos/posts/2016/04/21-food-safety-china-fuGoogle Scholar

Fukuyama, F. (1995). Trust: The social virtues and source of prosperity. London: Hamish Hamilton London.Google Scholar

Fuller, B. (2010). “China's Air Safety Overhaul.” NYU Marion School blog. Accessed June 10, 2014 at https://marroninstitute.nyu.edu/content/blog/chinas-air-safety-overhaulGoogle Scholar

Gale, F. (2011). Building trust in food. China Dialogue. Accessed March 21, 2012 at www.chinadialogue.net/article/show/single/en/4207Google Scholar

Gale, F., & Buzby, J. (2009). Imports from China and food safety issues. Economic Information Bulletin, 52, Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.Google Scholar

GAO (U.S. Government Accountability Office). 2008. Food safety: Selected countries’ systems can offer insights into ensuring import safety and responding to foodborne illness. GAO-08-794. Washington, DC: GAO.Google Scholar

Gavaravarapu, S. M., & Nair, K. M. (2015). From farm to plate & beyond: A culture & context sensitive perspective for food safety. The Indian Journal of Medical Research, 141(4), 377–379.Google Scholar

Gervasoni, C. (2010). A rentier theory of subnational regimes: Fiscal federalism, democracy, and authoritarianism in the Argentine provinces, World Politics, 62(2), 302–340.Google Scholar

Ghosh, A. (2012). Food authority to set standards for alcoholic drinks. The Indian Express.Accessed May 22, 2014 at http://archive.indianexpress.com/story-print/909852/Google Scholar

Gibson, C. C., Ostrom, E., & Ahn, T. K. (2000). The concept of scale and the human dimensions of global change: A survey. Ecological Economics, 32(2), 217–239.Google Scholar

Gibson, E. L. (2005). Boundary control: Subnational authoritarianism in democratic countries. World Politics, 58(1), 101–132.Google Scholar

GK News. (2012). Govt ignoring food safety act. Greater Kashmir News Network. Accessed May 22, 2014 at www.greaterkashmir.com/news/news/govt-ignoring-food-safety-act/111770.htmlGoogle Scholar

Gobel, C. (2011). Uneven Policy Implementation in Rural China. The China Journal, 65, 53–76.Google Scholar

Godfrey, M. (2012). “China Still Struggling to Manage Food Safety.” SeafoodSource. Accessed October 5, 2012 at www.seafoodsource.com/newsarticledetail.aspx?id=14940Google Scholar

Goland, C. (2002). Community Supported Agriculture, Food Consumption Patterns, and Member Commitment, Culture, Agriculture, Food and Environment, 24(1), 14–25.Google Scholar

Goldstein, L. J. (2013). Chinese fisheries enforcement: Environmental and strategic implications, Marine Policy, 40, 187–193.Google Scholar

Green, S. (2004). The development of China's stock market. New York: RoutledgeCurzon.Google Scholar

Greenpeace. (2010). Greenpeace China gets action on food safety. Accessed June 21, 2011 at www.greenpeace.org/eastasia/news/stories/food-agriculture/2010/supermarkey-guide-china/Google Scholar

Greer, S. (2011). The weakness of strong polices and the strength of weak policies: Law, experimentalist governance, and supporting coalitions in EU healthcare policy. Regulation and Governance, 5(2), 187–203.Google Scholar

Grumbine, R. E., & Xu, J. (2013). Recalibrating China's environmental policy: The next 10 years. Biological Conservation, 166, 287–292.Google Scholar

Gunningham, N., & Sinclair, D. (2009). Regulation and the Role of Trust. Journal of Law and Society, 36:2, 167–194.Google Scholar

Haas, B., & Wang, J. (2013, March 10). China plans revamp of railways, energy, and food safety agencies. Bloomberg News. Accessed March 15, 2013 at www.bloomberg.com/news/2013–03–10/china-restructures-energy-regulation-in-government-overhaul.htmlGoogle Scholar

Han, J. (Ed.). (2007). Zhongguo Shipin Anquan Baogao Report on Food Safety in China. Beijing: Social Sciences Academic Press China.Google Scholar

Hassanein, N. (2011). Matters of scale and the politics of the Food Safety Modernization Act. Agriculture and Human Values, 28(4), 577–581.Google Scholar

Havinga, T. (2006). Private regulation of food safety by supermarkets, Law & Policy 28(4), 515–533.Google Scholar

Heilmann, S. (2005). Regulatory innovation by Leninist means: Communist Party supervision in China's financial industry, The China Quarterly, 181, 1–21.Google Scholar

Heilmann, S., & Perry, E. (2011). Mao's invisible hand: The political foundations of adaptive governance in China. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar

Heilmann, S. (2009). Maximum tinkering under uncertainty: Unorthodox lessons from China. Modern China, 35(4), 450–462.Google Scholar

Henson, S., & Caswell, J. (1999). Food safety regulation: An overview of contemporary issues. Food Policy, 24, 589–603.Google Scholar

Henson, S., & Loader, R. (2001). Barriers to agricultural exports from developing countries: The role of sanitary and phytosanitary requirements, World Development, 29, 85–102.Google Scholar

Henson, S., & Mitullah, W. (2004). Kenyan exports of Nile Perch: Impact of food safety standards on an export-oriented supply chain. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 3349, 1–86.Google Scholar

Henson, S., Brouder, A. & Mittullah, W. (2000). Food safety requirements and food exports from developing countries: The case of fish exports from Kenya to the EU. American Journal Agricultural Economics, 82, 1159–1169.Google Scholar

Herbst, J. (2000). States and power in Africa: Comparative lessons in authority and control. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar

Heritier, A., & Lehmkuhl, D. (2008). The shadow of hierarchy and new modes of governance. Journal of Public Policy, 28(1), 1–17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Hinrichs, CC. (2000). Embeddedness and local food systems: Notes on two types of direct agricultural market. Journal of Rural Studies, 16, 295–303.Google Scholar

Hobbs, JE, Fearne, Andrew, and Spriggs, John. (2002). Incentive structures for food safety and quality assurance: an international comparison. Food Control, 13(2), 77–81.Google Scholar

Hobbs, J. E., & Young, L. M. (2000). Closer vertical co-ordination in agri-food supply chains: A conceptual framework and some preliminary evidence. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 5(3), 131–143.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Hochschild, J. L. (2009). Searching for a politics of space. In King, G., Schlozman, K. L., & Nie, N. H. (Eds.), The future of political science: 100 perspectives (pp. 249–251). New York: Routledge.Google Scholar

Hooghe, L., & Marks, G. (2003). Unraveling the central state, but how? Types of multi-level governance, American Political Science Review, 97(2), 233–243.Google Scholar

Howitt, R. (1998). Scale as relation: Musical metaphors of geographical scale. Area, 30(1), 49–58.Google Scholar

Hsing, Y. T. (2010). The great urban transformation: Politics of land and property in China. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Hsueh, R. (2011). China's regulatory state: A new strategy for globalization. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar

Hu, D. (2010). Farmer-supermarket direct-purchase: A how-to guide. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Press. [Chinese]Google Scholar

Hu, Y. (2005, March 31). Red dye ‘a food for thought’ for Chinese. China Daily. Accessed March 11, 2011 at www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2005–03/31/content_429921.htmGoogle Scholar

Hu, Y., & Hou, L. (2009, March 9). Vice premier to head food safety commission. China Daily. Accessed March 5, 2011 at www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2009–03/09/content_7554541.htmGoogle Scholar

Huang, J. et al. (2007). Agrifood secto studies China: Restructuring agrifood markets in China – the horticulture sector. London: Regoverning Market Program, IIED.Google Scholar

Huang, P. (2011). China's new-age small farms and their vertical integration: Agribusiness or co-ops? Modern China, 37(2), 107–134.Google Scholar

Huang, R. (2010, August 12). Jiakuai jianshe shengchan jidi cujin nongye zhuanxingshengji. Changshu Ribao. Accessed August, 5, 2011 at www.js.xinhuanet.com/zheng_fu_online/2010–08/12/content_20605818.htmGoogle Scholar

Huang, Y. (2012). China's worsening food safety crisis. The Atlantic. Accessed, July 28, 2017 at www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2012/08/chinas-worsening-food-safety-crisis/261656/Google Scholar

Hurst, W. (2009). The Chinese worker after socialism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Ito, K., & Dyck, J. (2010). Fruit policies in Japan. A Report from the Economic Research Service. FTS, 341–01.Google Scholar

Jacoby, W. (2006). The enlargement of the EU and NATO: Ordering from the menu in Central Europe. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Japan Economic Trading Research Office [JETRO]. (2011). Japan's food imports by category (2009–2010). Accessed May 16, 2012 at www.jetro.go.jp/en/reports/statistics/data/0910_import.pdfGoogle Scholar

Jarosz, L. (2000). Understanding agri-food networks as social relations, Agriculture and Human Values 17, 279–283.Google Scholar

Jessop, B. (1999). The changing governance of welfare: Recent trends in its primary functions, scale, and modes of coordination. Social Policy & Administration, 33(4), 348–359.Google Scholar

Jha, A. (2013). With food safety and standards act, India, scales a new food safety era. FnB News. Accessed on May 9, 2014 at www.fnbnews.com/Top-News/With-Food-Safety-and-Standards-Act-India-scales-a-new-food-safety-eraGoogle Scholar

Jia, X., Huang, J., & Xu, Z. (2010). Marketing of farmer professional cooperatives in the wave of transformed agrofood market in China, China Economic Review, 23(3), 665–674.Google Scholar

Jiang, C. (2011, December 20). CSA Shiyan: fenxiangshouhuo, gongdanfengxian [The CSA Experiment: Shared Harvests, Shared Risks]. Zhejiang Daily. Accessed January 5, 2012 at http://zjdaily.zjol.com.cn/html/2011–12/20/content_1260781.htm?div=-1Google Scholar

Jonker, T, Ito, H., & Fujishima, H. (2004). Food safety and quality standards in Japan: Compliance of suppliers from developing countries. Agriculture and Rural Development Discussion Paper. World Bank.Google Scholar

Kelemen, R. D. (2000). Regulatory federalism: EU environmental regulation in comparative perspective. Journal of Public Policy, 20(2), 133–167.Google Scholar

Kim, S. (2011). USDA Issues Public Notice of Fraudulent National Organic Program Certificate. USDA Notice AMS No. 026–11.Google Scholar

King, G., Pan, J., & Roberts, M. E. (2013). How censorship in China allows government criticism but silences collective expression, American Political Science Review, 107(2), 326–343.Google Scholar

Kipnis, A. (2006). Suzhi: A keyword approach, The China Quarterly, 186, 295–313.Google Scholar

Kjaernes, U., Harvey, M., & Warde, A. (2007). Trust in food: A comparative and institutional analysis. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar

Klijn, E. H. (2002). Governing networks in the hollow state: Contracting out, process management or a combination of the two? Public Management Review, 4(2), 149–165.Google Scholar

Kong, H., Xue, X., Mao, Z., Ngoran, S. D., & Yang, W. (2015). Towards integrated coastal governance with Chinese characteristics – A preliminary analysis of China's coastal and ocean governance with special reference to the ICM practice in Quanzhou, Ocean & Coastal Management, 111, 34–49.Google Scholar

Krapohl, S. (2007). Thalidomide, BSE, and the single market: A historical-institutionalist approach to regulatory regimes in the EU, European Journal of Political Research 46(1), 25–46.Google Scholar

La Vallee, J., & Charlebois, S. (2014). 2014 world ranking: Food safety performance. Ottawa: The Conference Board of Canada.Google Scholar

LaFraniere, S. (2009). 2 executed in China for selling tainted milk. New York Times. Accessed March 6, 2017 at www.nytimes.com/2009/11/25/world/asia/25china.htmlGoogle Scholar

Lam, T. (2010). Central-provincial relations amid greater centralization in China, China Information, 24(3), 339–363.Google Scholar

Landry, P. (2008). Decentralized authoritarianism in China: The Communist Party's control of local elites in the post-Mao era. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Lau, M. (2005). Integrated coastal zone management in the People's Republic of China – An assessment of structural impacts on decision-making processes. Ocean & Coastal Management, 48(2), 115–159.Google Scholar

Lebel, L., Garden, P., & Imamura, M. (2005). The politics of scale, position, and place in the governance of water resources in the Mekong region. Ecology and Society, 10(2), 1–19.Google Scholar

Leitner, H. (2008). The politics of scale and networks of spatial connectivity: Transnational interurban networks and the rescaling of political governance in Europe. In Sheppard, E. & McMaster, R. (Eds.), Scale and geographic inquiry: Nature, society, and method. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing.Google Scholar

Li, J., & Shen, J. (2009). Study on food traceability system. In Tang, M. (Ed.), Study report on food and drug safety and regulatory policies (2009). Beijing: Social Sciences Academic Press (China). [Chinese]Google Scholar

Li, L. (2010). Central-local relations in the People's Republic of China, Public Administration and Development, 30(3), 177–190.Google Scholar

Liang, J. (2010, September 28). 4 major problems ail China's food industry. People's Daily. Accessed November 5, 2011 at http://english.people.com.cn/90001/90778/90860/7153465.htmlGoogle Scholar

Lieberman, E. S. (2005). Nested analysis as a mixed-method strategy for comparative research. American Political Science Review, 99(3), 435–452.Google Scholar

Lieberthal, K. & Lampton, D. (Eds.). (1992). Bureaucracy, politics, and decision-making in post-Mao China. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar

Lieberthal, K., & Oksenberg, M. (1988). Policy making in China: Leaders, structures, and processes. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar

Liu, P. (2010). Tracing and periodizing China's food safety regulation: A study on China's food safety regime change. Regulation and Governance, 4(2), 244–260.Google Scholar

Liu, P., & McGuire, W. (2015). One regulatory state, two regulatory regimes: Understanding dual regimes in China's regulatory state building through food safety. Journal of Contemporary China, 24(91), 119–136.Google Scholar

Lo, K. (2015). How authoritarian is the environmental governance of China? Environmental Science & Policy, 54, 152–159.Google Scholar

Loader, R., & Hobbs, J. E. (1999). Strategic responses to food safety legislation. Food Policy, 24(6), 685–706.Google Scholar

Lorentzen, P. (2014). China's strategic censorship, American Journal of Political Science, 58(2), 402–414.Google Scholar

Lorentzen, P., Landry, P., & Yasuda, J. (2014). Undermining authoritarian innovation: The power of China's industrial giants. The Journal of Politics, 76(1), 182–194.Google Scholar

Lowder, S., Skoet, J., & Singh, S. (2014). What do we really know about the number and distribution of farms and family farms in the world? Background paper for The State of Food and Agriculture 2014. ESA Working Paper No. 14–02, April.Google Scholar

Lu, X. (2000). Booty socialism, bureau-preneurs, and the state in transition: Organizational corruption in China. Comparative Politics, 273–294.Google Scholar

Ma, C., Zhang, X., Chen, W., Zhang, G., Duan, H., Ju, M., & Yang, Z. (2013). China's special marine protected area policy: Trade-off between economic development and marine conservation. Ocean & Coastal Management, 76, 1–11.Google Scholar

MacLaren, D., Jayasuriya, S., & Mehta, R. (2006). Meeting Food Safety Standards in Export Markets: Issues and Challenges Facing Firms Exporting from Developing Countries. Food Regulation and Trade: Institutional Framework, Concepts of Analysis and Empirical Evidence. Paper Presented at IATRC Summer Symposium.Google Scholar

Macleod, C. (2011, January 23). China's organic farms rooted in food safety concerns. USA Today. Accessed January 24, 2012 at http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/world/2011–01–24-chinafood24_ST_N.htmGoogle Scholar

Mallory, T. G. (2013). China's distant water fishing industry: Evolving policies and implications, Marine Policy, 38, 99–108.Google Scholar

Mallory, T. G. (2016). Fisheries subsidies in China: Quantitative and qualitative assessment of policy coherence and effectiveness, Marine Policy, 68, 74–82.Google Scholar

Manor, J. (2001). Center-state relations. In Kohli, A. (Ed.), The success of India's democracy (Vol. 6, pp. 78–102). New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Marston, S. A. (2000). The social construction of scale, Progress in human geography, 24(2), 219–242.Google Scholar

Marston, S. A., Jones, J. P., & Woodward, K. (2005). Human geography without scale. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 30(4), 416–432.Google Scholar

Martinez, M. G. et al. (2007). Co-regulation as a possible model for food safety governance, Food Policy, 32, 299–314.Google Scholar

McGinnis, M. (2005). Costs and Challenges of Polycentric Governance. Workshop Paper Prepared for Discussion at the Workshop on Analyzing Problems of Polycentric Governance in the Growing EU, Humboldt University, June 16–17.Google Scholar

McKenna, M. (2015). Is it time for a single food safety agency? National Geographic.Accessed July 28, 2017 at http://theplate.nationalgeographic.com/2015/02/05/budget-one-agency/Google Scholar

Meador, M., & Ma, J. (2013). The food safety management system in China. FAIRS Subject Report, Global Agricultural Information Network Report No. CH13020.Google Scholar

Meidinger, E. (2009). Private import safety regulation and transnational new governance. In Cogliances, C., Finkel, A. M., & Zaring, D. (Eds.), Import Safety: Regulatory Governance in the Global Economy (pp. 233–253). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar

Meng, T., Pan, J., & Yang, P. (2014). Conditional receptivity to citizen participation evidence from a survey experiment in China. Comparative Political Studies, 50(4), 399–433.Google Scholar

Merrill, R. A., & Francer, J. K. (2000). Organizing federal food safety regulation. Seton Hall Law Review 31(1), 61–173.Google Scholar

Mertha, A. C. (2005). China's ‘soft’ centralization: Shifting Tiao/Kuai authority relations. The China Quarterly, 184, 791–810.Google Scholar

Mertha, A. C. (2009). Fragmented authoritarianism 2.0: Political pluralization in the Chinese policy process. The China Quarterly, 200, 995–1012.Google Scholar

Ministry of Agriculture [MOA]. (2011). National Modern Agriculture Development Plan (2011–2015). Accessed March 10, 2012 at http://english.agri.gov.cn/hottopics/five/201304/t20130421_19482.htmGoogle Scholar

Ministry of Commerce. (2008). Chuangjian Shipin Anquan Shifanxian Shishi Fangan. Accessed May 4, 2012 at www.foods1.com/content/603513/Google Scholar

Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare [MHLW]. (2011). Statistics of imported food monitoring For FY2010.Department of Food Safety, Pharmaceutical, and Food Safety Bureau.Google Scholar

Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare [MHLW]. (2010). Results of Monitoring and Guidance Based on the Imported Foods Monitoring and Guidance Plan for FY2009. Department of Food Safety, Pharmaceutical, and Food Safety Bureau.Google Scholar

Ministry of Health. (2004). Ministry of Health Statistical Yearbook.Google Scholar

Ministry of Health. (2009). Ministry of Health Statistical Yearbook.Google Scholar

Mitra, S. K. (2001). Making local government work: Local elites, Panchayati Raj and governance in India. In Kohli, A. (Ed.), The success of India's democracy (Vol. 6, pp. 103–126). New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Moncada, E., & Snyder, R. (2012). Subnational comparative research on democracy: Taking stock and looking forward. Comparative Democratization Newsletter. American Political Science Association, 10(1), 4–9.Google Scholar

Montinola, G., Qian, Y., & Weingast, B. (1995). Federalism, Chinese style: The political basis for economic success in China, World Politics, 48(1), 50–81.Google Scholar

More, A. (2012). Change to FSSR after consultation with govt, panels, indicates Chandramouli. FnB News. Accessed on May 22, 2014 at www.fnbnews.com/Top-News/Change-to-FSSR-after-consultation-with-Govt-panels-indicates-ChandramouliGoogle Scholar

Moustier, P., Tam, P. T. G., Anh, D. T., Binh, V. B., & Nguyen, T. T. L. (2010). The role of farmer organizations in supplying supermarkets with quality food in Vietnam, Food Policy, 35(1), 69–78.Google Scholar

Murdoch, J., & Miele, M. (1999). Culinary networks and cultural connections. In Hugues, A. & Reimer, S. (Eds.), Geographies of commodity chains. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar

Nair, P., & Antony, T. (2012). Food safety act hits roadblock. IBN Live. Accessed on May 22, 2014 at http://ibnlive.in.com/news/food-safety-act-hits-roadblock/234732-60-122.htmlGoogle Scholar

Nash, J., & Ehrenfield, J. (1996). Code Green: Business adopts voluntary environmental standards, Environment 38(1), 16–45.Google Scholar

Naughton, B. (2006). The Chinese economy: Transitions and growth. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

Naughton, B. J., & Yang, D. L. (Eds.). (2004). Holding China together: Diversity and national integration in the post-Deng era. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Nepusz, T., Petroczi, A., & Naughton, D. P. (2009). Network analytical tool for monitoring global food safety highlights China. PLoS ONE, 4, 1–7.Google Scholar

Neumann, W., & Barboza, D. (2010, June 13). US drops inspector of food in China. New York Times.Google Scholar

Newsdesk, . (2014). US makes top 10 list of worst food safety violators. Food Safety News. Accessed July 29, 2017 at www.foodsafetynews.com/2014/08/u-s-in-top-ten-worst-food-safety-violators/#.WX4cVIjyuUlGoogle Scholar

Ni, H. G., & Zeng, H. (2009). Law enforcement is key to China's food safety. Environmental Pollution, 157(7), 1990–1992.Google Scholar

O'Brien, K., & Li, L. (1999). Selective policy implementation in rural China, Comparative Politics, 31(2), 167–186.Google Scholar

O'Brien, K., & Li, L. (2006). Rightful resistance in China. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Oi, J. (2004). Rural China takes off: Institutional foundations of economic reform. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar

Okello, J. J., & Swinton, S. M. (2007). Compliance with international food safety standards in Kenya's green bean industry: Comparison of a small-and a large-scale farm producing for export. Review of Agricultural Economics, 29(2), 269–285.Google Scholar

O'Lear, S., & Diehl, P. F. (2007). Not drawn to scale: Research on resource and environmental conflict, Geopolitics, 12(1), 166–182.Google Scholar

O'Lear, S. (2010). Environmental politics: Scale and power. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Oliver, J. E. (2000). City size and civic involvement in metropolitan America. American Political Science Review, 94(2), 361–373.Google Scholar

Ortega, D. L., Wang, H. H., Wu, L., & Olynk, N. J. (2011). Modeling heterogeneity in consumer preferences for select food safety attributes in China. Food Policy, 36(2), 318–324.Google Scholar

Ostrom, E. (2005). Understanding institutional diversity. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar

Ostrom, E. (2006). Governing the commons: The evolution of institutions for collective action. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Ostrom, E. (2007). A diagnostic approach for going beyond panaceas. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104(39), 15181–15187.Google Scholar

Ostrom, E. (2010). Beyond markets and states: Polycentric governance of complex economic systems. Transnational Corporations Review, 2(2), 1–12.Google Scholar

Ostrom, V., & Ostrom, E. (1965). A behavioral approach to the study of intergovernmental relations. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 359(1), 137–146.Google Scholar

Palthur, P., Palthur, S. S., & Chitta, S. K. (2009). The food safety and standards act, 2006: A paradigm shift in Indian regulatory scenario. Pharmacological Review, 7(5), 14–20.Google Scholar

Pape, S. M., Rubin, P. D., & Kim, H. (2004). Food security would be compromised by combining the food and drug administration and the U.S. Department of Agriculture into single food agency. Food and Drug Law Journal, 59(3), 405–416.Google Scholar

Parekh, J. (2012). FSSA licensing, registration for dairy industry. FnB News. Accessed on May 22, 2014 at www.fnbnews.com/Overview/FSSA-licensing-registration-for-dairy-industryGoogle Scholar

Parikh, S., & Weingast, B. R. (1997). A comparative theory of federalism: India. Virginia Law Review, 1593–1615.Google Scholar

Parker, G. (2005). Sustainable food? Teikei, co-operatives and food citizenship in Japan and the UK. Working Papers in Real Estate & Planning.Google Scholar

Pasztor, A. (2007). How China turned around a dismal air-safety record. Wall Street Journal. Accessed on July 29, 2017 at www.wsj.com/articles/SB119198005864354292Google Scholar

Pearson, M. (2005). The Business of Governing Business in China, World Politics, 57(2), 296–322.Google Scholar

Pearson, M. M. (2007). Governing the Chinese economy: Regulatory reform in the service of the state. Public Administration Review, 67(4), 718–730.Google Scholar

Pei, X., Tandon, A., Aldrick, A., Giorgi, L., Huang, W. & Yang, R. (2011). The China melamine milk scandal and its implications for food safety regulation, Food Policy, 36(3), 412–420.Google Scholar

Perkins, D. H., & Syrquin, M. (1989). Large countries: The influence of size. Handbook of Development Economics, 2, 1691–1753.Google Scholar

Peters, B. G., & Pierre, J. (2001). Developments in intergovernmental relations: Towards multi-level governance. Policy & Politics, 29(2), 131–135.Google Scholar

Pew Research Center. (2013). Growing Concerns in China about Inequality and Corruption. Global Attitudes Project. Accessed April 20, 2013 at www.pewglobal.org/files/2012/10/Pew-Global-Attitudes-China-Report-FINAL-October-10–2012.pdfGoogle Scholar

Phoenix Hills website. About Us. Accessed March 5, 2010 at www.phoenixcommune.com/EN/gywm.htmGoogle Scholar

Polansek, T. (2014). Meat supplier in China food scandal grew with McDonald's. Reuters. Accessed March 6, 2017 at www.reuters.com/article/us-china-food-lavin-idUSKBN0FT02M20140724Google Scholar

Prakash, A. (2000). Responsible care: An assessment, Business and Society, 39(2), 183–209.Google Scholar

Pretty, J. (2003). Social Capital and the Collective Management of Resources, Science, 302(5652), 1912–1914.Google Scholar

Provost, C. (2010). Governance and voluntary regulation. In Levi-Faur, D. (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of governance. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Qian, Y., & Weingast, B. R. (1997). Federalism as a commitment to preserving market incentives. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 11(4), 83–92.Google Scholar

Qingdao Zaobao [QDZB]. (2006, April 27). Huangua Dudao Shang Bai Qingdao Shimin. Qingdao Zaobao.Google Scholar

Qiu, W., Wang, B., Jones, P. J., & Axmacher, J. C. (2009). Challenges in developing China's marine protected area system, Marine Policy, 33(4), 599–605.Google Scholar

Reardon, T., Timmer, P., & Berdegue, J. (2004). The rapid rise of supermarkets in developing countries: Induced organizational, institutional, and technological change in agrifood systems. Electronic Journal of Agricultural and Development Economics, 1(2), 168–183.Google Scholar

Rees, J. (1988). Reforming the workplace: A study of self-regulation in occupational safety. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar

Renmin Ribao [RMRB]. (2012, August 15). Yi luse fazhan yinling anquan shipin shengchan jidi jianshe. People's Daily. Accessed September 1, 2012 at http://news.hexun.com/2012–08–15/144755593.htmlGoogle Scholar

Repnikova, M. (2015). Media oversight in non-democratic regimes. PARGC Paper 3. Project for the Advanced Study of Global Communication. University of Pennsylvania, Annenberg School.Google Scholar

Revell, B. (2008). An Analysis of Consumer Attitudes to Food Safety for Fresh Produce in Urban China. International Food and Agribusiness Management Association. Symposium Paper. Shanghai, China, June 11–12.Google Scholar

Roberts, D. (2012, July 20). On China's web, green activists grow bolder. Bloomberg Businessweek. Accessed September 2, 2012 at www.businessweek.com/articles/2012–07–20/chinese-protesters-see-greater-online-freedom-over-environmentGoogle Scholar

Roberts, D. (2013, March 14). China sets up a food safety super-regulator. Bloomsberg Businessweek. Accessed April 1, 2013 at www.businessweek.com/articles/2013–03–14/china-sets-up-a-food-safety-super-regulatorGoogle Scholar

Rodden, J. (2004). Comparative federalism and decentralization: On meaning and measurement. Comparative Politics, 481–500.Google Scholar

Rodrik, D. (2008). Second best institutions. American Economic Review, 98(2), 100–104.Google Scholar

Rothstein, B. (2011). The quality of government: Corruption, social trust and inequality in a comparative perspective. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar

Sharma, D. (2012). New food safety regulation could force many to close shop. India Today. Accessed on May 9, 2014 at http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/new-food-safety-regulation-could-force-many-to-close-shop/1/209913.htmlGoogle Scholar

Schickler, E. (2001). Disjointed pluralism: Institutional innovation and the development of the US Congress. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar

Schulman, P. (1975). Nonincremental policy making: Notes toward an alternative paradigm, American Political Science Review, 69(4), 1354–1370.Google Scholar

Scott, J. (1999). Seeing Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar

Seawright, J., & Gerring, J. (2008). Case selection techniques in case study research: A menu of qualitative and quantitative options. Political Research Quarterly, 61(2), 294–308.Google Scholar

SFDA. (2007). Guanyu Gongbu Shoupi Guojiaji Shipin Anquan Shifan Xian de Tongzhi. Accessed February 10, 2010 at www.gov.cn/zwgk/2007–08/23/content_725541.htmGoogle Scholar

Shan, J. (2013, March 11). Shake up on the cards for food and drug safety. China Daily. Accessed April 1, 2013 at www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2013npc/2013–03/11/content_16296447.htmGoogle Scholar

Shen, G., & Heino, M. (2014). An overview of marine fisheries management in China. Marine Policy, 44, 265–272.Google Scholar

Shi, Y., Cheng, C., Lei, P., Wen, T., & Merrifield, C. (2011). Safe food, green food, good food: Chinese community supported agriculture and the rising middle class. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 9(4), 551–558.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Shue, V. (1988). The reach of the state: Sketches of the Chinese body politic. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar

Shukla, S., Shankar, R., & Singh, S. P. (2014). Food safety regulatory model in India. Food Control, 37, 401–413.Google Scholar

Silber, J. H., Rosenbaum, P. R., & Ross, R. N. (1995). Comparing the contributions of groups of predictors: Which outcomes vary with hospital rather than patient characteristics? JASA, 90, 7–18.Google Scholar

Sinclair, D. (1997). Self-regulation versus command and control? Beyond false dichotomies. Law and Policy, 19(4), 529–559.Google Scholar

Singh, A. (2014). FSSAI appellate tribunals in process of being set up in various states. FnB News. Accessed on May 9, 2014 at www.fnbnews.com/Top-News/FSSAI-Appellate-Tribunals-in-process-of-being-set-up-in-various-statesGoogle Scholar

Sinha, A. (2003). Rethinking the developmental state model: Divided leviathan and subnational comparisons in India. Comparative Politics, 35(4), 459–476.Google Scholar

Sinha, A. (2005). The regional roots of developmental politics in India: A divided leviathan. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.Google Scholar

Skinner, G. W. (1964). Marketing and social structure in rural China, Part I. The Journal of Asian Studies, 24(1), 3–43.Google Scholar

Smil, V. (1995). Who will feed China? The China Quarterly, 143, 801–813.Google Scholar

Smith, N. (2008). Scale bending and the fate of the national, in Sheppard, E. & McMaster, R. B. (Eds.), Scale and geographic inquiry: Nature, society, and method (pp. 192–207). New York: Wiley.Google Scholar

Snyder, R. (2001). Scaling-down: The subnational comparative method. Studies in Comparative International Development, 36(1), 93–110.Google Scholar

Song, M., Gao, X., Liu, L., & Teruaki, N. (2010). Reducing Food Safety Risk: Experiences from the Adoption of Good Agricultural Practices in China, Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 55(2), 379–385.Google Scholar

Srebrnik, H. (2004). Small island nations and democratic values. World Development, 32(2), 329–341.Google Scholar

State Council. (2004). Decision of the State Council about Further Strengthening Food Safety. Accessed November 10, 2011 at www.lawinfochina.com/display.aspx?lib=law&id=3739&CGid=Google Scholar

State Council. (2007). White Paper of Food Quality and Safety. Accessed October 5, 2012 at www.china.org.cn/english/news/221274.htmGoogle Scholar

State Council. (2012). Guowuyuan guanyu jiawiang shipinanquan gongzuo de jueding. State Council Circular 20. Accessed July 28, 2017 at www.gov.cn/zwgk/2012-07/03/content_2175891.htmGoogle Scholar

State Council. (2013). Guowuyuanbangongting Guanyu Jiaqiangnongchanpinzhiliang anquan jianguan gongzuo de tongzhi 2013 nian. http://politics.people.com.cn/n/2013/1211/c1001–23808412.htmlGoogle Scholar

State Council. (2015). Premier Li Keqiang: Zero tolerance for food safety failings. http://english.gov.cn/premier/news/2015/06/11/content_281475125300505.htmGoogle Scholar

State Food and Nutrition Consultant Committee [SFNCC]. (2010, April 7). Zhongrishipin anquan xieyi yiding 5 yue zhengshi qianding. Press Release.Google Scholar

Strauss, D. M. (2011). An analysis of the FDA Food Safety Modernization Act: Protection for consumers and boon for business. Food and Drug Law Journal, 66(3), 353–376.Google Scholar

Suttmeier, R. (2008). The ‘Sixth Modernization’? China, Safety, and the Management of Risks, Asia Policy, 6(1), 129–146.Google Scholar

Sutton, P. (2007). Democracy and good governance in small states. In Kisanga, E. & Danchie, S. J. (Eds.), Commonwealth small states: Issues and prospects (pp. 201–217). London: Commonwealth Secretariat.Google Scholar

Tam, W. (2011). Organizational corruption by public hospitals in China. Crime, Law and Social Change, 56(3), 265–282.Google Scholar

Tam, W., Yang, D. (2005). Food safety and the development of regulatory institutions in China. Asian Perspective 29, 5–36.Google Scholar

Tang, M. (Ed.). (2009). Study report on food and drug safety and regulatory policies (2009). Beijing: Social Sciences Academic Press (China).Google Scholar

Taylor, M. R. (1997). Preparing America's food safety system for the twenty-first century: Who is responsible for what when it comes to meeting the food safety challenges of the consumer-driven global economy. Food and Drug Law Journal, 52(1), 13–30.Google Scholar

Teets, J. C. (2009). Post-earthquake relief and reconstruction efforts: The emergence of civil society in China, The China Quarterly, 198, 330–347.Google Scholar

Teets, J. C., & Hurst, W. (2014). Local governance innovation in China: Experimentation, diffusion, and defiance. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar

Termeer, C., Dewulf, A., & van Lieshout, M. (2010). Disentangling scale approaches in governance research: Comparing monocentric, multilevel, and adaptive governance, Ecology and Society, 15 (4), 1–15.Google Scholar

The Economist. (2011, October 29). In the gutter. The Economist Online. Accessed January 8, 2012 at www.economist.com/node/21534812Google Scholar

Thiers, P. (2003). Risk society comes to China: SARS, transparency and public accountability. Asian Perspective, 27(2), 241–251.Google Scholar

Thompson, D., & Hu, Y. (2007). Food safety in China: New strategies, Global Health Governance 1(2), 1–19.Google Scholar

Tilt, B. (2007). The political ecology of pollution enforcement in China: A case from Sichuan's rural industrial sector. The China Quarterly, 192, 915–932.Google Scholar

Tran, J. 2014. New laws in China to tackle rampant food safety problems. Food Safety News. Accessed March 6, 2016 at www.foodsafetynews.com/2014/04/draft-new-laws-in-china-to-tackle-rampant-food-safety-problems/#.WL1i2DvytPYGoogle Scholar

Treisman, D. (2007). The architecture of government: Rethinking political decentralization. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Treisman, D. (2008). Decentralization dataset. Available at www.sscnet.ucla.edu/polisci/faculty/treisman/Google Scholar

Trevaskes, S. (2002). Courts on the campaign path in China: Criminal court work in the “Yanda 2001” anti-crime campaign, Asian Survey, 42(5), 673–693.Google Scholar

Truex, R. (2017). Consultative authoritarianism and its limits. Comparative Political Studies, 50(3), 329–361.Google Scholar

Umali-Deininger, D., & Sur, M. (2007). Food safety in a globalizing world: Opportunities and challenges for India. Agricultural Economics, 37(S1), 135–147.Google Scholar

United Nations Comtrade Database [UN Comtrade]. Accessed February 10, 2012.Google Scholar

United Nations. (2008). Occasional Paper: Advancing Food Safety in China.Google Scholar

US Department of Agriculture [USDA]. (2010). China – Peoples Republic of, Organics Report. GAIN Report 10046.Google Scholar

US House of Representatives Committee on Energy and Commerce [USHRCEC]. (2007). Food from China: Can We Import Safely? Staff Report.Google Scholar

Uvin, P. (1995). Scaling-up the grassroots and scaling-down the summit: The relations between third world nongovernmental organisations and the United Nations, Third World Quarterly, 16(3), 495–512.Google Scholar

Van Rooij, B., Stern, R. E., & Fürst, K. (2016). The authoritarian logic of regulatory pluralism: Understanding China's new environmental actors. Regulation & Governance, 10(1), 3–13.Google Scholar

Van Rooij, B., & Lo, C. W. H. (2010). Fragile convergence: Understanding variation in the enforcement of China's industrial pollution law, Law & Policy, 32(1), 14–37.Google Scholar

Vogel, D. (2012). The politics of precaution: Regulating health, safety, and environmental risks in Europe and the United States. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar

Vos, E. (2000). EU Food Safety Regulation in the Aftermath of the BSE Crisis, Journal of Consumer Policy, 23(3), 227–255.Google Scholar

Waldron, A. (1990). Warlordism versus federalism: The revival of a debate? The China Quarterly, 121, 116–128.Google Scholar

Wall Street Journal [WSJ]. (2007, October 10). How China turned around a dismal air-safety record. Accessed January 15, 2012 at http://online.wsj.com/article/SB119198005864354292.htmlGoogle Scholar

Wall Street Journal [WSJ]. (2011, August 5). China makes arrests over food. Accessed June 10, 2013 at http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424053111903885604576487780529072912.htmlGoogle Scholar

Wall Street Journal [WSJ]. (2013, May 15). China aviation industry analysis. Accessed June 11, 2013 at http://online.wsj.com/article/PR-CO-20130515–909065.htmlGoogle Scholar

Wang, H. (2012). Certified organic: New organic product certification rules in place to regulate market. Beijing Review. Accessed on July 29, 2017 at www.bjreview.com.cn/health/txt/2012-04/16/content_448772.htmGoogle Scholar

Wedeman, A. (2005). Anticorruption campaigns and the intensification of corruption in China. Journal of Contemporary China, 14(42), 93–116.Google Scholar

Weersink, A., & Rozelle, S. (1997). Marketing reforms, market development, and agricultural production in China, Agricultural Economics, 17(2–3), 95–114.Google Scholar

Wei, S. (2001, December 5). China's food industry reports healthy progress. Beijing Youth Daily. Accessed February 5, 2013 at www.china.org.cn/archive/2002–01/15/content_1025275.htmGoogle Scholar

Weisman, S. (2007, December 12). China agrees to post US safety officials in its food factories. New York Times.Google Scholar

Whiting, S. (2000). Power and wealth in rural China. Cambridge Modern China Series. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Wibbels, E. (2003). Bailouts, budget constraints, and Leviathans comparative federalism and lessons from the early United States. Comparative Political Studies, 36(5), 475–508.Google Scholar

Wike, R. (2013). What Chinese are worried about. Pew Report. Accessed on July 29, 2017 at www.pewglobal.org/2013/03/13/what-chinese-are-worried-about/Google Scholar

World Bank. (2006). China-farm professional associations: Review and policy recommendations. Washington, DC: The World Bank.Google Scholar

World Trade Organization [WTO]. (2015). International trade statistics 2015. Statistics Division.Google Scholar

Wright, T. (2004). The Political Economy of Coal Mine Disasters in China: ‘Your Rice Bowl or Your Life.’ The China Quarterly, 179, 629–646.Google Scholar

Wu, N. (2012, July 27). Guanzhu beijing nongfushiji [Focus on Beijing Farmer's Market]. China Industry and Commerce News. Accessed August 15, 2012 at www.cicn.com.cn/content/2012–07/25/content_115975.htmGoogle Scholar

Wu, L., Xu, L., & Gao, J. (2011). The acceptability of certified traceable food among Chinese consumers. British Food Journal, 113(4), 519–534.Google Scholar

Wu, L., & Zhu, D. (2014). Food safety in China: A comprehensive review. Chicago: CRC Press.Google Scholar

Xie, M., Gu, Z., & Liu, Y. (2009). Fulfilling scientific supervision to ensure meat safety of Shanghai. In Tang, M. (Ed.), Study report on food and drug safety and regulatory policies (2009). Beijing: Social Sciences Academic Press (China).Google Scholar

Xinhua. (2006, November 20). Shandong Bans Sales of Contaminated Turbot. Xinhua. Accessed March 10, 2013 at www.china.org.cn/english/health/189526.htmGoogle Scholar

Xinhua. (2011a, November 13). China steps up campaign on food safety awareness. Xinhua. Accessed June 10, 2013 at http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/indepth/2011–11/13/c_131244094.htmGoogle Scholar

Xinhua. (2011b). Moral education urged to ensure food safety. China Daily Online. Accessed July 29, 2017 at www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2011–06/16/content_12714940.htmGoogle Scholar

Xinhua. (2012a, August 8). Beijing youji nongfushiji: mitudeshiji weilai nengzouduoyuan? [Beijing's Farmer Market: The Market Gone Astray, How Far Can it Go?]. Xinhua. Accessed March 15, 2012 at http://news.xinhuanet.com/fortune/2012–08/08/c_123548631.htmGoogle Scholar

Xinhua. (2012b, April 3). Over 100 arrested for making new-type gutter oil. Xinhua. Accessed June 11, 2013 at http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2012–04/03/c_131504678.htmGoogle Scholar

Xinhua. (2012c, October 11). More than 540,000 grassroots officials punished for discipline violations. Accessed June 11, 2013 at http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2012–10/11/c_131900598.htmGoogle Scholar

Xinhua. (2013). One super ministry to oversee food and drug safety. Online Interview. Accessed July 29, 2013 at http://english.cntv.cn/program/china24/20130316/105289.shtmlGoogle Scholar

Xiu, C., & Klein, K. K. (2010). Melamine in milk products in China: Examining the factors that led to deliberate use of the contaminant. Food Policy, 35(5), 463–470.Google Scholar

Xu, N. (2012, August 6). A decade of food safety in China. China Dialogue.Google Scholar

Yan, W. (2010, February 11). Japan, China discuss food safety. China Daily.Google Scholar

Yan, Y. (2012). Food safety and social risk in contemporary China, The Journal of Asian Studies, 71(3), 705–729.Google Scholar

Yang, C. (2006). The geopolitics of cross-boundary governance in the Greater Pearl River Delta, China: A case study of the proposed Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macao Bridge. Political Geography, 25(7), 817–835.Google Scholar

Yang, C. (2011, June 1). Canzhuo “Zijiu.” Nanfang Dushibao.Google Scholar

Yang, D. L. (2004). Remaking the Chinese leviathan: Market transition and the politics of governance in China. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar

Yang, D. (2008). Total recall. The National Interest, March/April.Google Scholar

Yang, D. (2009). Regulatory learning and its discontents in China: Promise and tragedy at the SFDA. Unpublished Manuscript.Google Scholar

Yang, G. (2013). Contesting food safety in the Chinese media: Between hegemony and counter-hegemony. The China Quarterly, 214, 337–355.Google Scholar

Yang, L., Qian, Y., Chen, C., & Wang, F. (2012). Assessing the establishment of agro-food control systems based on relevant officials’ survey in China. Food Control, 26(2), 223–230.Google Scholar

Yao, P. (2012, July 3). Guanfang yaoqiu yanda shipin anquan weifa fanzui Jianchi zhongdian zhiluan. China News Network. Accessed July 29, 2017 at www.chinanews.com/jk/2012/07-03/4005579.shtmlGoogle Scholar

Yeh, E. T., O'Brien, K. J., & Ye, J. (2013). Rural politics in contemporary China. Journal of Peasant Studies, 40(6), 915–928.Google Scholar

Young, O. R. (2003). The institutional dimensions of environmental change: Fit, interplay, and scale. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

Yu, D. (2011, April 16). Nongchang tansuo shipin anquan xin moshi [Farm explores a new model for food safety]. Xinhua. Accessed January 12, 2012 at http://news.xinhuanet.com/world/2011–04/26/c_121349030.htmGoogle Scholar

Yu, H., & Yu, Y. (2008). Fishing capacity management in China: Theoretic and practical perspectives. Marine Policy, 32(3), 351–359.Google Scholar

Yu, X. (2015). It's time to fix China's food safety conundrum. Caixin Online. Accessed June 6, 2015 at http://english.caixin.com/2015–04–28/100804427.htmlGoogle Scholar

Zachernuk, T. (2008). Thematic report #6: The development of farmer organizations and the small farmers project. China-Canada small farmers adapting to global markets project. Beijing: Beijing Project Office.Google Scholar

Zhang, L. (1999). Chinese central-provincial fiscal relationships, budgetary decline and the impact of the 1994 fiscal reform: An evaluation. The China Quarterly, 157, 115–141.Google Scholar

Zhang, Q. F. (2012). The political economy of contract farming in China's agrarian transition. Journal of Agrarian Change, 12(4), 460–483.Google Scholar

Zhang, Q. F., & Donaldson, J. A. (2010). From peasants to farmers: Peasant differentiation, labor regimes, and land-rights institutions in China's agrarian transition. Politics & Society, 38(4), 458–489.Google Scholar

Zhang, Y. (2014). Nanzichichoudoufu houwuzangqishuaijiehua15wanzhengzhengzhileyigeyue. Wenzhou Shangbao. Accessed March 6, 2017 at http://news.66wz.com/system/2014/08/07/104180187.shtmlGoogle Scholar

Zhao, Ming. (2011). Shequzhichinongye (CSA) zaizhongguo de fazhan jiyu [CSA Development Prospects in China]. Hope Springs Magazine. Accessed March 10, 2012 at www.5xue.com/magazine/blog/?p=1392Google Scholar

Zhou, J., & Jin, S. (2009). Safety of Vegetables and the Use of Pesticides by Farmers in China: Evidence from Zhejiang Province, Food Control, 20(11), 1043–1048.Google Scholar

Zhou, J., & Jin, S. (2013). Food safety management in China: A perspective from food quality control system. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing.Google Scholar

Zhou, W. (2011, November 1). Food safety complaints more common. China Daily. Accessed March 10, 2012 at www.chinadaily.com.cn/business/2011–11/01/content_14012784.htmGoogle Scholar

Zhou, X. (2011). The autumn harvest: Peasants and markets in post-collective rural China. The China Quarterly, 208, 913–931.Google Scholar

Zhu, S., He, C., & Liu, Y. (2014). Going green or going away: Environmental regulation, economic geography and firms’ strategies in China's pollution-intensive industries. Geoforum, 55, 53–65.Google Scholar

Food Safety Modernization Act of 2010, 111 U.S.C. 2751 (2010) (FSMA)Google Scholar

Food Safety Law of China, (2009).Google Scholar

Food Safety Law of China (revised), (2015)Google Scholar

Food Safety and Standards Act of India, (2006) (FSSAI)Google Scholar

Food Safety Modernization Act of 2010, 111 U.S.C. 2751 (2010) (FSMA)Google Scholar

Food Safety Law of China, (2009).Google Scholar

Food Safety Law of China (revised), (2015)Google Scholar

Food Safety and Standards Act of India, (2006) (FSSAI)Google Scholar