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Chapter 8 - Developmental Programming and the Microbiome

How the Maternal Environment and Early Life Shape the Infant Gut Microbiome Pathway(s) and Risk of Disease

from Section II - Exposures Driving Long-Term DOHaD Effects

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 December 2022

By
Kameron Y. Sugino  and
Jacob E. Friedman
Edited by
Lucilla Poston ,
Keith M. Godfrey ,
Peter D. Gluckman  and
Mark A. Hanson
Lucilla Poston
Affiliation:
King's College London
Keith M. Godfrey
Affiliation:
University of Southampton
Peter D. Gluckman
Affiliation:
University of Auckland
Mark A. Hanson
Affiliation:
University of Southampton
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Summary

Maternal and infant microbiota are an emerging target of investigation and have particular relevance to disease, ranging from obesity and diabetes to many immunological disorders. Infant gut microbiome colonization and growth are influenced by environmental stimuli such as mode of delivery, infant diet (breastmilk), antibiotic exposure and maternal characteristics including obesity, diet and gestational diabetes. Alterations to the normal bacterial colonization and maturation of the infant gut microbiota – notably short chain fatty acid producers in the phylum Firmicutes and lipopolysaccharide-producers of the family Gammaproteobacteria – can lead to substantial differences in host-microbe interactions and altered neonatal immune system memory/development. Remodelling these pathways during early life may hold promise for correcting developmental programming of both innate and adaptive immunity associated with insulin resistance, pre-diabetes, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and diseases linked to dysregulated immunity in youth, including Type I diabetes, asthma and allergies.

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Developmental Origins of Health and Disease , pp. 66 - 74
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

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