Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-m8qmq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-24T13:24:15.839Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The evolution of analytic thought?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 August 2017

Gordon Pennycook  and
David G. Rand
Gordon Pennycook
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8205gordon.pennycook@yale.edudavid.rand@yale.eduhttps://gordonpennycook.nethttps://davidrand-cooperation.com
David G. Rand
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8205gordon.pennycook@yale.edudavid.rand@yale.eduhttps://gordonpennycook.nethttps://davidrand-cooperation.com
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

We argue that the truly unique aspect of human intelligence is not the variety of cognitive skills that are ontogenetically constructed, but rather the capacity to decide when to develop and apply said skills. Even if there is good evidence for g in nonhuman animals, we are left with major questions about how the disposition to think analytically can evolve.

Type
Open Peer Commentary
Information
Behavioral and Brain Sciences , Volume 40 , 2017 , e215
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bear, A. & Rand, D. G. (2016a) Intuition, deliberation, and the evolution of cooperation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 113:1–6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1517780113.Google Scholar
Bear, A. & Rand, D. G. (2016b) Modeling intuition's origins. Journal of Applied Memory & Cognition 5:341–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bear, A., Kagan, A. & Rand, D. G. (2016) Co -evolution of cooperation and cognition: The impact of imperfect deliberation and context-sensitive intuition. (November 1, 2016). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2862717.Google Scholar
Browne, M., Thomson, P., Rockloff, M. & Pennycook, G. (2015) Going against the herd: Understanding the psychosocial factors underlying the “vaccination confidence gap”. PLoS One 10:e1032562.Google Scholar
Frederick, S. (2005) Cognitive reflection and decision making. The Journal of Economic Perspectives 19:25–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gervais, W. (2015) Override the controversy: Analytic thinking predicts endorsement of evolution. Cognition 142:312–21.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gervais, W. M. & Norenzayan, A. (2012) Analytic thinking promotes religious disbelief. Science 336:493–96.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Grimm, V. & Mengel, F. (2011) Let me sleep on it: Delay reduces rejection rates in ultimatum games. Economics Letters 111:113–15.Google Scholar
Halali, E., Bereby-Meyer, Y. & Meiran, N. (2014) Between self-interest and reciprocity: The social bright side of self-control failure. Journal of Experiment Psychology: General 143:745–54.Google Scholar
Kahneman, D. (2011) Thinking, fast and slow. Farrar, Straus and Giroux.Google Scholar
Kahneman, D. & Frederick, S. (2005) A model of heuristic judgement. In: The Cambridge handbook of thinking and reasoning, ed. Holyoak, K. J. & Morrison, R. G., pp. 267–93. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
MacLean, E. L., Hare, B., Nunn, C. L., Addessi, E., Amici, F., Anderson, R. C., Aureli, F., Baker, J. M., Bania, A. E., Barnard, A. M., Boogert, N. J., Brannon, E. M., Bray, E. E., Bray, J., Brent, L. J. N., Burkart, J. M., Call, J., Cantlon, J. F., Cheke, L. G., Clayton, N. S., Delgado, M. M., DiVinventi, L. J., Fujita, K., Herrmann, E., Hiramatsu, C., Jacobs, L. F., Jordan, K. E., Laude, J. R., Leimgruber, K. L., Messer, E. J. E., Moura, A. C. de, A., Ostojic, L., Picard, A., Platt, M. L., Plotnik, J. M., Range, F., Reader, S. M., Reddy, R. B., Sandel, A. A., Santos, L. R., Schumann, K., Seed, A. M., Sewall, K. B., Shaw, R. C., Slocombe, K. E., Yanjie, S., Takimoto, A., Tan, J., Tao, R., van Schaik, C. P., Viranyi, Z., Visalberghi, E., Wade, J. C., Watanabe, A., Widness, J., Young, J. K., Zentall, T. R. & Zhao, Y. (2014) The evolution of self-control. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 111:E2140–48.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pennycook, G., Cheyne, J. A., Barr, N., Koehler, D. J. & Fugelsang, J. A. (2014) The role of analytic thinking in moral judgements and values. Thinking & Reasoning 20:188–214.Google Scholar
Pennycook, G., Cheyne, J. A., Barr, N., Koehler, D. J. & Fugelsang, J. A. (2015a) On the reception and detection of pseudo-profound bullshit. Judgment and Decision Making 10:549–63.Google Scholar
Pennycook, G., Cheyne, J. A., Koehler, D. J. & Fugelsang, J. A. (2016a) Is the cognitive reflection test a measure of both reflection and intuition? Behavior Research Methods 48:341–48.Google Scholar
Pennycook, G., Cheyne, J. A., Seli, P., Koehler, D. J. & Fugelsang, J. A. (2012) Analytic cognitive style predicts religious and paranormal belief. Cognition 123:335–46.Google Scholar
Pennycook, G., Fugelsang, J. A. & Koehler, D. J. (2015b) Everyday consequences of analytic thinking. Current Directions in Psychological Science 24:425–43.Google Scholar
Pennycook, G., Ross, R., Koehler, D. J. & Fugelsang, J. A. (2016b) Atheists and agnostics are more reflective than religious believers: Four empirical studies and a meta-analysis. PLoS One 11:e0153039.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rand, D. G. (2016) Cooperation, fast and slow: Meta-analytic evidence for a theory of social heuristics and self-interested deliberation. Psychological Science 27:1192–206. doi: 10.1177/0956797616654455.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rand, D. G., Brescoll, V. L., Everett, J. A. C., Capraro, V. & Barcelo, H. (2016) Social heuristics and social roles: Altruism is intuitive for women but not for men. Journal of Experiment Psychology: General 145:389–96.Google Scholar
Rand, D. G., Greene, J. D. & Nowak, M. A. (2012) Spontaneous giving and calculated greed. Nature 498:427–30.Google Scholar
Rand, D. G., Peysakhovich, A., Kraft-Todd, G. T., Newman, G. E., Wurzbacher, O., Nowak, M. A. & Greene, J. D. (2014) Social heuristics shape intuitive cooperation. Nature Communications 5:3677. doi: 10.1038/ncomms4677.Google Scholar
Rosati, A. G. & Santos, L. R. (2016) Spontaneous metacognition in Rhesus monkeys. Psychological Science 27:1181–91. doi: 10.1177/0956797616653737.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Royzman, E. B., Landy, J. F. & Goodwin, G. P. (2014) Are good reasoners more incest-friendly? Trait cognitive reflection predicts selective moralization in a sample of American adults. Judgment and Decision Making 9:176–90.Google Scholar
Shenhav, A., Rand, D. G. & Greene, J. D. (2012) Divine intuition: Cognitive style influences belief in God. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 141:423–28.Google Scholar
Shtulman, A. & McCallum, K. (2014) Cognitive reflection predicts science understanding. In: Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Quebec, ON, July 2014, pp. 2937–42. Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Stanovich, K. E. (2009a) Is it time for a tri-process theory? Distinguishing the reflective and algorithmic mind. In: In two minds: Dual processes and beyond, ed. Evans, J. St. B. T. & Frankish, K., pp. 55–88. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Stanovich, K. E. (2009b) What intelligence tests miss: The psychology of rational thought. Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Stanovich, K. E. (2011) Rationality and the reflective mind. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Stanovich, K. E. & West, R. F. (1998) Individual differences in rational thought. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 127:161–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stanovich, K. E. & West, R. F. (2000) Individual differences in reasoning: Implications for the rationality debate? Behavioral and Brain Sciences 23:645–726.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sutter, M., Kocher, M. & Strauß, S. (2003) Bargaining under time pressure in an experimental ultimatum game. Economics Letters 81:341–47.Google Scholar
Swami, V., Voracek, M., Stieger, S., Tran, U. S. & Furnham, A. (2014) Analytic thinking reduces belief in conspiracy theories. Cognition 133:572–85.Google Scholar
Tomlin, D. A., Rand, D. G., Ludvig, E. A. & Cohen, J. D. (2015) The evolution and devolution of cognitive control: The costs of deliberation in a competitive world. Scientific Reports 5:11002. doi: 10.1038/srep11002.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Toupo, D. F. P., Strogatz, S. H., Cohen, J. D. & Rand, D. G. (2015) Evolutionary game dynamics of controlled and automatic decision-making. Chaos 25:073120. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4927488.Google Scholar