1. The results of previous workers on the action of plasmoquine on avian malaria, Plasmodium relictum (Grassi and Feletti, 1891), have been confirmed and extended. Sterilisation was obtained in a large proportion of birds (16 out of 33) treated during the normal incubation period.

2. Thirteen new synthetic quinoline compounds were found to have antimalarial action.

3. Two of these compounds, R 25 = 8-γ-aminopropylamino-6-ethoxy-quinoline and R 36 = 8-γ-anunopropylamino-6-methoxyquinoline, have therapeutic indices of 1: 16, are nearly equal to plasmoquine in potency and resemble it in action.

4. A third compound, R 44 = 8-γ-aminopropylamino-6-n-butoxyquino-line, has a therapeutic index of only 1 : 8, but its sterilising action is equal to or greater than plasmoquine, R 25 and R 36.

5. The remaining compounds have therapeutic indices of 1 : 8 or 1 : 4 and vary in their sterilising action.

6. Experiments are described which show the formation of methaemo-globin in vitro through the action of plasmoquine, R 25 and R 36. In this respect the order of activity of the compounds is R 36, R 25, plasmoquine.

The different types of malaria pigment occurring in oocysts of naturally infected Anopheles caught in human dwellings at Kampala, Uganda, are described and figured (selection from 204 camera lucida drawings).

The exact significance of each particular type of pigment is uncertain and in the present state of our knowledge it is not possible to do more than to place them tentatively into four groups and to indicate to which species they probably belong.

Amoebae of the genus Endolimax have been found naturally inhabiting the large intestine of 3 species of Macacus (M. sinicus [= radiatus], M. rhesus [= mulatto], M. nemestrinus).

In all these hosts the amoebae are morphologically and culturally identical, at all stages of development, and are indistinguishable by any structural or cultural character from Endolimax nana of Man—with which they have been carefully compared. The several forms have been studied in “pure” culture (i.e., free from all other protozoa, but accompanied by bacteria suitable for their growth).

The Endolimax of M. sinicus, isolated in “pure” culture, has been experimentally transmitted to an uninfected man by the natural route (cysts per os): and in this human subject it has produced an infection indistinguishable from a natural one with E. nana. The induced infection has now persisted unchanged for close on 8 years.

From the experimentally infected man the amoeba has been artificially transmitted to an uninfected M. rhesus, in which it gave rise to an infection—likewise indistinguishable from a natural simian infection—which persisted for the rest of the monkey's life (2½ years).

Some further information is given about the distribution, cultivation, emetine-resistance, and other peculiarities of the forms of Endolimax found in Macaques and Man; and the findings of other workers with similar organisms are briefly considered. From all the evidence available it is concluded that E. nana naturally lives not only in Man but also in at least 3 different species of Macacus, and probably in monkeys of this genus generally. As yet there is no evidence that more than one species of Endolimax inhabits any of these hosts.

Infections with E. nana, whether in Man or Macaques, have usually been found to endure indefinitely; but a case (M. rhesus) has been observed in which the infection appears to have died out spontaneously after persisting for a known period of over 6 years.

Attempts to infect kittens with E. nana have all been unsuccessful hitherto, but there is evidence (from the work of others) that this amoeba may inhabit some other domestic mammals. Its host-distribution in nature needs further investigation.

Extraordinary as any of the Mallophaga are when compared with conventional insect forms, there are some species of the order which are still more peculiar than the majority of their fellows. Among these unusually strange forms is that here to be dealt with, a species that seems to combine within itself the characteristics of two otherwise trenchantly separated groups, that possesses striking specific peculiarities and that in addition is decidedly aberrant in its choice of host. It has but once been recorded. The availability of further specimens makes possible additions to our knowledge of its structure and a reconsideration of its relationships.

Les collections de l'lnstitut Pasteur possèdent un assez grand nombre d'exemplaires, à tous les stades, d'un curieux Argasiné recueilli en 1911 par la mission Bouet-Roubaud, au cours de son exploration parasitologique des régions soudanaises de I'Afrique Occidentale française. Cet Acarien avait été rencontré par G. Bouet à, Djenné, dans des trous d'arbres ou des cases obscures servant de refuges à plusieurs espèces de chauve-souris: Hipposiderus tridens Et. Geoff., Taphozoüs perforatum Geoff., cette dernière espèce parasitée par un trypanosome.

When studying a collection of ticks sent to us by Dr G. I. Sorokoumov from Turkestan, we observed several specimens which presented a remarkable appearance. Their bodies were covered with numerous oval, whitish, well-defined elevations with a glossy surface. We could find no reference to such a condition in the literature on ticks. A disease in Rhipicephalus bursa nymphs, observed by P. Schulze in 1925, and supposed to be due to a fungus, offers no similarity.

Habitat and material. By the courtesy and at the request of Prof. Vladimir Ebathof of Archangel I have been enabled to examine and describe two female copepods belonging to a new genus and species of the family Lernaeopodidae, consigned to him as taken from the gills of Rhyncodon typicus Smith caught in 1913 in the Pacific between China and south-west Japan. One specimen, drawn to scale (Fig. 1), was twice the size of the other.

The following is a description of a Cysticercoid obtained during investigation of the larval cestode fauna of Dundee and Arbroath districts (Harper, 1930). The Cysticercoid was first obtained from Helodrilus (Allolobophora longus Cede) the host containing four larvae; later, two similar larvae were found in Lumbricus terrestris L. Many specimens of these hosts were dissected but only the above two infections were observed.

Brachyplatystoma vaillanti is locally very common in the Amazon river, though, during my collecting tour in 1931, I examined only twenty-two examples, caught between Codajaz (nearly 1200 miles from the sea) and Gurupa. The local name of this Siluroid is Piramutāb; it is a fairly large fish (my largest specimen measuring 67 cm. in length) and possesses very long maxillary barbels (in some cases nearly as long as the body). From this fish I obtained two new species of Cestodes, one, the more numerous parasite, is a Phyllobothriid, and, so far as I am aware, this is the first occasion on which a Phyllobothriid has been described both from a fresh-water fish and from a Siluroid; and the other is a second and new species of Fuhrmann's genus Goezeella, very closely related to his G. siluri described in 1915.

From three specimens of the Amazon Siluroid fish Platystomatichthys sturio (the “Lenha”) I have described (1) Othinoscolex lenha, representing not only a new genus and species but also a new subfamily (the Othinoscolecinae) of the Proteocephalidae, (2) Othinoscolex myzofer, a second species of the new genus, (3) a distinct new species of La Rue's genus Monticellia—Monticellia lenha, and (4) a new species of Proteocephalus, Proteocephalus lenha.

Distomum incommodum (Leidy 1856) from mouth of Alligator mississippiensis is found to belong to the family Clinostomidae. A new genus Homoscaphis Canavan 1933 is erected for it, a diagnosis of which is given, with a redescription and illustration of the species.

Within the last decade problems dealing with life cycles and relationships of the Strigeid Trematodes have received considerable attention. Among the European workers Szidat (1929, 1929 a) has given the most complete summary of the anatomy, development and systematic position of the Strigeidae, while in North America La Rue (1926), his students and associates, have been contributing to our knowledge of the anatomy, relationships and life histories.

1. The life histories of Lechriorchis primus Stafford, L. tygarti n.sp. and Caudorchis eurinus n.gen. et sp. have been experimentally completed in three hosts, the first complete life histories to be worked out for species of the subfamily Reniferinae.

2. The definitive hosts of the three forms were found to be two species of garter snakes, Thamnophis sauritus and T. sirtalis.

3. Three species of snails, Physella gyrina, P. parkeri, and P. ancillaria, have been found to serve as the first intermediate host in the life cycles of Lechriorchis primus and Caudorchis eurinus n.gen. et sp., and two species of snails, Physella gyrina and P. heterostropha, in the life cycle of Lechriorchis tygarti n.sp.

4. The tadpoles of two species of frogs, Rana clamitans and R. pipiens, were found to serve as the second intermediate hosts in the life cycles of all three trematodes. The cercariae penetrate larvae of Triturus and small fish, but live only a short time in these animals.

5. Every stage in the life history of Lechriorchis primus, including egg, miracidium, mother sporocyst, daughter sporocyst, cercaria, metacercaria, and developmental stages in the definitive host, has been described in detail.

6. The mother sporocyst of forms having a stylet cercaria is described for the first time.

7. The flame cell pattern of the cercariae of L. primus, L. tygarti n.sp., and Caudorchis eurinus n.gen. et sp. has been determined to be of the “2 × 6 × 3’ type. Also the adult stage of C. eurinus was determined to have the same type.

8. It has been pointed out that the life histories of the members of the subfamily are uniform in that their life history stages display a remarkable similarity.

9. It has been suggested that this uniform type of life cycle and remarkable similarity of larval stages offer the most logical basis for establishing the subfamily Reniferinae as a natural group.

Page 186, line 2, for rhodesiense read gambiense.