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Re-Framing Exploitation Creep to Fight Human Trafficking: A Response to Janie Chuang

Part of: Janie A. Chuang, “Exploitation Creep and the Unmaking of Human Trafficking Law”

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Clifford Bob
Clifford Bob*
Affiliation:
Raymond J. Kelley Endowed Chair in International Relations at Duquesne University
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Janie Chuang discusses important shifts in the way that American policy makers and activists have defined and fought human trafficking. As she shows, key aspects of the 2000 UN Protocol’s definition of trafficking have been whiplashed by changing political winds emanating from the Bush and Obama administrations. In the Bush years, a strange bedfellows network of feminists, evangelicals, and neo-conservatives directed American trafficking policy primarily toward sexual exploitation, pushing for prohibitions not only on forced but also on voluntary prostitution. Other types of trafficking were neglected. The Obama administration and its own set of civil society associates gusted other ways. Among other moves, it reduced the focus on sex, dropped the view that voluntary prostitution constituted trafficking, enlarged the trafficking concept to include all forced labor (whether or not involving movement), and rebranded the expansive new notion as slavery.

Type
Symposium: Janie A. Chuang, “Exploitation Creep and the Unmaking of Human Trafficking Law”
Information
AJIL Unbound , Volume 108 , 2014 , pp. 264 - 267
Copyright
Copyright © American Society of International Law 2014

References

1 Janie Chuang, Exploitation Creep and the Unmaking of Human Trafficking Law, 108 AJIL 610 (2014).

2 RobertM.Entman, Framing: Toward Clarification of a Fractured Paradigm, 43 J. Comm. 51 (1993).

3 David A. Snow et al., Frame Alignment Processes, Micromobilization, and Movement Participation, 51 Am. Soc. Rev. 464 (1986).

4 Richard Price, Reversing the Gun Sights: Transnational Civil Society Targets Land Mines, 52 Int’l Org. 613 (1998).

5 Clifford Bob, The Marketing of Rebellion: Insurgents, Media, and International Activism (2005).

6 Clifford Bob, The International Struggle for New Human Rights (2008).

7 Clifford Bob, The Global Right Wing and the Clash of World Politics (2012).

8 Id.

9 Margaret E.Keck & Kathryn Sikkink, Activists Beyond Borders: Advocacy Networks in International Politics (1998).

10 Keneth Roth, Defending Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: Practical Issues Faced by and International Human Rights Organization, 26 Hum. Rts. Q. 63 (2004).

11 Jarol B. Manheim, Strategy in information and influence Campaigns: How Policy Advocates, Social Movements, Insurgent Groups, Corporations, Governments and others get what they want (2011).