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Utility of Hyperspectral Reflectance for Differentiating Soybean (Glycine max) and Six Weed Species

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Cody J. Gray ,
David R. Shaw  and
Lori M. Bruce
Cody J. Gray
Affiliation:
Department of Plant and Soil Science, Box 9555, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762
David R. Shaw*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant and Soil Science, Box 9555, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762
Lori M. Bruce
Affiliation:
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Box 9571, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: dshaw@gri.msstate.edu.
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Abstract

Reflectance data were subjected to a variety of analysis methods to determine the utility of hyperspectral reflectance for differentiating soybean, soil, and six weed species commonly found in Mississippi agricultural fields. Weed species evaluated were hemp sesbania, palmleaf morningglory, pitted morningglory, prickly sida, sicklepod, and smallflower morningglory. Hyperspectral reflectance data were collected from mature plant leaves three times in 2002 and two times in 2003. Vegetation indices were calculated and subjected to principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). The PCA, using vegetation indices, produced the poorest classification accuracies for the plant species studied, generally less than 50%, whereas LDA resulted in classification accuracies greater than those from PCA. Best spectral band combination (BSBC) provided the greatest classification accuracies, with all better than 80% for all data sets. The BSBC indicated three wavelength bands of interest for species discrimination in the short wavelength infrared portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, which are not commonly used in current vegetation indices for species differentiation. These areas of interest were located from 1,445 to 1,475 nm, 2,030 to 2,090 nm, and 2,115 to 2,135 nm. The top 10 wavelengths determined by BSBC were then added to the vegetation indices and reanalyzed using PCA and LDA. Classification accuracies increased for all species when these wavelengths were added rather than using vegetation indices alone, suggesting greater crop and weed species differentiation can be obtained when using sensors that include these wavelength regions of the short wavelength infrared portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Keywords

Hemp sesbania, Sesbania exaltata (Raf.) Rydb. ex. A.W. Hillpalmleaf morningglory, Ipomoea wrightii Graypitted morningglory, Ipomoea lacunosa L.prickly sida, Sida spinosa L.sicklepod, Senna obtusifolia (L.) H.S. Irwin & Barnabysmallflower morningglory, Jacquemontia tamnifolia (L.) Griseb.soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Asgrow 4403’Remote sensingspecies differentiationweed–crop discrimination
Type
Weed Management—Techniques
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 23 , Issue 1 , March 2009 , pp. 108 - 119
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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