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Triclopyr Reduces Foliar Bleaching from Mesotrione and Enhances Efficacy for Smooth Crabgrass Control by Altering Uptake and Translocation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Jialin Yu  and
Patrick E. McCullough
Jialin Yu
Affiliation:
Crop and Soil Sciences Department, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223
Patrick E. McCullough*
Affiliation:
Crop and Soil Sciences Department, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: pmccull@uga.edu.
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Abstract

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Turfgrass managers can reduce foliar bleaching of smooth crabgrass from mesotrione by tank-mixing triclopyr ester with applications. These tank mixtures also have potential to enhance smooth crabgrass control compared to mesotrione alone. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the influence of triclopyr on the efficacy, absorption, and translocation of mesotrione in multitiller smooth crabgrass. In field experiments, tank-mixing triclopyr at 560 or 1,120 g ae ha−1 with mesotrione at 140 g ai ha−1 applied sequentially or at 280 g ha−1 applied singly provided excellent control (> 90%) of multitiller smooth crabgrass in tall fescue. These treatments were more effective than mesotrione alone and fenoxaprop at 195 g ai ha−1 that averaged 66 and 81% control after 6 wk, respectively. Mesotrione alone at 280 g ha−1 bleached smooth crabgrass 53% at 2 wk after initial treatment (WAIT), and was 14% greater than the 140 g ha−1 treatment. Sequential treatments of the low mesotrione rate bleached smooth crabgrass 16 to 22% from 3 to 5 WAIT. Triclopyr tank mixtures reduced smooth crabgrass bleaching from mesotrione on all dates to < 5%. Tall fescue injury was not detected at any evaluation date. In laboratory experiments, smooth crabgrass reached peak foliar absorption of 14C-mesotrione at 24 and 168 h after treatment (HAT; 23% and 15%) when mesotrione was applied with triclopyr at 1,120 and 0 g ha−1, respectively. Triclopyr reduced translocation of radioactivity 12% at 72 and 168 HAT, compared to 14C-mesotrione alone. Enhanced foliar uptake of mesotrione from triclopyr tank mixtures might improve control of multitiller smooth crabgrass compared to mesotrione alone. Reduced foliar bleaching from triclopyr is associated with less translocation of mesotrione or derivatives in smooth crabgrass.

Profesionales en céspedes pueden reducir el blanqueamiento foliar de Digitaria ischaemum generado por la acción de mesotrione con aplicaciones de mezclas en tanque con triclopyr ester. Estas mezclas en tanque también tienen el potencial de mejorar el control de D. ischaemum al compararse con mesotrione solo. Los objetivos de esta investigación fueron evaluar la influencia de triclopyr sobre la eficacia, absorción, y translocación de mesotrione en D. ischaemum en el estadio de múltiples hijuelos. En experimentos de campo, las mezclas en tanque con triclopyr a 560 ó 1,120 g ae ha−1 con mesotrione a 140 g ai ha−1 aplicados secuencialmente o a 280 g ha−1 aplicados solos brindaron un control excelente (> 90%) de D. ischaemum en el estadio de hijuelos múltiples en el césped Festuca arundinacea. Estos tratamientos fueron más efectivos que mesotrione solo y fenoxaprop a 195 g ha−1, los cuales promediaron 66 y 81% de control después de 6 semanas, respectivamente. Mesotrione solo a 280 g ha−1 blanqueó D. ischaemum 53% a 2 semanas después del tratamiento inicial (WAIT), y fue 14% mayor que el tratamiento con 140 g ha−1. Los tratamientos secuenciales de la dosis baja de mesotrione blanquearon D. ischaemum 16 a 22% de 3 a 5 WAIT. Las mezclas en tanque con triclopyr redujeron el blanqueamiento de D. ischaemum causado por mesotrione a < 5%, en todas las fechas. No se detectó daño en F. arundinacea en ninguna fecha de evaluación. En los experimentos de laboratorio, D. ischaemum alcanzó un pico de absorción foliar de 14C-mesotrione a 24 y 168 h después del tratamiento (HAT; 23% y 15%) cuando mesotrione fue aplicado con triclopyr a 0 y 1,120 g ha−1, respectivamente. Triclopyr redujo la translocación de radioactividad 12% a 72 y 168 HAT, al compararse con 14C-mesotrione solo. La mejora en la absorción foliar de mesotrione con las mezclas en tanque con triclopyr podría mejorar el control de D. ischaemum en el estadio de múltiples hijuelos al compararse con mesotrione solo. La reducción en el blanqueamiento foliar producto de triclopyr está asociada con una menor translocación de mesotrione o sus derivados en D. ischaemum.

Keywords

Smooth crabgrass, Digitaria ischaemum (Schreb.) Schreb ex. Muhl.tall fescue, Festuca arundinacea Shreb. ‘Titan’HPPDsynthetic auxintranslocationuptake
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 30 , Issue 2 , June 2016 , pp. 516 - 523
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - SA
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the same Creative Commons license is included and the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America

Footnotes

Associate Editor for this paper: James Brosnan, University of Tennessee.

References

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