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Significance of Atrazine in Sweet Corn Weed Management Systems

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Martin M. Williams II ,
Chris M. Boerboom  and
Tom L. Rabaey
Martin M. Williams II*
Affiliation:
Global Change and Photosynthesis Research, USDA–ARS, University of Illinois, 1102 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801
Chris M. Boerboom
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706
Tom L. Rabaey
Affiliation:
General Mills Agricultural Research, 1201 N. 4th St., LeSueur, MN 56058
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: mmwillms@illinois.edu.
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Abstract

Weed management systems used by sweet corn growers, including the role of atrazine, are poorly characterized. Management records of 175 fields throughout the major sweet corn production areas of the Midwest were surveyed from 2005 to 2007. Seventy-four percent of sweet corn fields in the Midwest were grown in rotation with soybean or corn. Interrow cultivation was used on 48% of fields, and atrazine use was higher in those fields without interrow cultivation. A majority of fields (54%) received both PRE and POST herbicide applications. Mesotrione was applied below the registered use rate in two-thirds of the fields in which it was used POST. Atrazine rates in sweet corn were highest when the preceding crops were other vegetables, compared to preceding crops of soybean or corn. Selective herbicides are used extensively in U.S. sweet corn production, accounting for 94% of total weed management expenditures which average $123/ha. Growers treated 66% of fields with one or more applications of atrazine at an average total use rate of 1.35 kg ai/ha. The estimated annual net cost to replace atrazine in U.S. sweet corn production with the broad spectrum broadleaf herbicide, mesotrione, is $9.2 million.

Ha sido insuficiente la investigación llevada al cabo en cuanto a los sistemas de manejo de malezas utilizados por los productores de maíz dulce incluyendo el papel que ha jugado el uso de la atrazine en ellos. Los registros de manejo de malezas de 175 parcelas se revisaron en las áreas de mayor producción de maíz dulce localizadas en el medio oeste del 2005 al 2007. El 74% de las parcelas fueron sembradas en rotación con soya o maíz forrajero. Se utilizó el cultivo entre surcos en el 48% de las parcelas y el uso de atrazine fue mayor en las parcelas donde no se sembró entre surcos. La mayoría de las parcelas (54%) recibió aplicaciones de herbicidas tanto en el período de pre-siembra como el de post-siembra. El mesotrione fue aplicado por debajo de la dosis registrada en dos terceras partes de las parcelas en donde se usó éste en post- siembra. Las dosis utilizadas de atrazine en maíz dulce fueron más altas cuando el cultivo precedente fue otro vegetal en comparación a cuando el cultivo anterior fue soya o maíz forrajero. Los herbicidas selectivos son usados frecuentemente en la producción de maíz dulce en los Estados Unidos y representan el 94% del total de los gastos efectuados en el manejo de malezas, cuyo promedio es de $ 123.00 dólares por Ha. Los productores trataron el 66% de sus parcelas con una o más aplicaciones de atrazine con una dosis promedio de 1.35 Kg de ingrediente activo (ia) x Ha. El costo neto anual estimado para reemplazar el atrazine en la producción de maíz dulce en los Estados Unidos con el mesotrione, que es un herbicida de amplio espectro para hoja ancha, es de $9.2 millones de dólares.

Keywords

AtrazinemesotrionecornZea mays L.soybeanGlycine max (L.) MerrEconomicsintegrated weed managementreduced rateregulatorysurvey
Type
Weed Management—Other Crops/Areas
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 24 , Issue 2 , June 2010 , pp. 139 - 142
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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