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Potential Corn Yield Losses from Weeds in North America

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 February 2017

Nader Soltani*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph Ridgetown Campus, Ridgetown, ON, Canada
J. Anita Dille
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS
Ian C. Burke
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA
Wesley J. Everman
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
Mark J. VanGessel
Affiliation:
Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Delaware, Georgetown, DE
Vince M. Davis
Affiliation:
BASF, Madison, WI
Peter H. Sikkema
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph Ridgetown Campus, Ridgetown, ON, Canada
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: soltanin@uoguelph.ca

Abstract

Crop losses from weed interference have a significant effect on net returns for producers. Herein, potential corn yield loss because of weed interference across the primary corn-producing regions of the United States and Canada are documented. Yield-loss estimates were determined from comparative, quantitative observations of corn yields between nontreated and treatments providing greater than 95% weed control in studies conducted from 2007 to 2013. Researchers from each state and province provided data from replicated, small-plot studies from at least 3 and up to 10 individual comparisons per year, which were then averaged within a year, and then averaged over the seven years. The resulting percent yield-loss values were used to determine potential total corn yield loss in t ha−1 and bu acre−1 based on average corn yield for each state or province, as well as corn commodity price for each year as summarized by USDA-NASS (2014) and Statistics Canada (2015). Averaged across the seven years, weed interference in corn in the United States and Canada caused an average of 50% yield loss, which equates to a loss of 148 million tonnes of corn valued at over U.S.$26.7 billion annually.

Las pérdidas de cultivos debido a la interferencia de malezas tiene un efecto económico significativo en la rentabilidad neta de los productores. Aquí se documentan las pérdidas potenciales en el rendimiento de maíz debido a la interferencia de malezas a lo largo de las principales regiones productoras de maíz de los Estados Unidos y de Canada. Los estimados de pérdida de rendimiento fueron determinadas a partir de observaciones cuantitativas comparativas entre el rendimiento de maíz sin tratamiento y con tratamientos que brindaran un control de malezas superior al 95% en estudios realizados desde 2007 hasta 2013. Los investigadores de cada estado y provincia proveyeron datos de estudios replicados con parcelas pequeñas con al menos 3 y hasta 10 comparaciones por año, las cuales fueron promediadas dentro de cada año, y luego promediadas por los siete años. El porcentaje de pérdida de rendimiento resultante fue usado para determinar la pérdida total de rendimiento del maíz en t ha−1 y bu acre−1 con base en el promedio de rendimiento del maíz para cada estado o provincia, y el precio del maíz para cada año según USDA-NASS (2014) y Statistics Canada (2015). Al promediar los siete años, la interferencia de malezas en el maíz en Estados Unidos y Canada causó en promedio un 52% de pérdida de rendimiento, lo que equivale a una pérdida de 142 millones de toneladas de maíz valorado en más de U.S.$26,722 millones anualmente.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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Footnotes

Associate editor for this paper: Jason Bond, Mississippi State University.

References

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