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Integration of Conservation Tillage and Herbicides for Sustainable Dry Bean Production

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Robert E. Blackshaw  and
Louis J. Molnar
Robert E. Blackshaw*
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research Centre, 5403–1st Avenue South, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1
Louis J. Molnar
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research Centre, 5403–1st Avenue South, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: blackshawre@agr.gc.ca
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Abstract

Development of conservation tillage practices for dry bean has lagged behind that of many other crops. A field study was conducted to determine the effects of various crop residues and herbicide treatments on weed management and dry bean yield within a zero-tillage system. Main plot treatments included wheat stubble, canola stubble, fall-seeded winter rye, fall-seeded spring rye, and a no-cover control. Subplot treatments included various preplant and POST herbicides. Wheat stubble, canola stubble, and winter rye residue provided sufficient ground cover to prevent soil erosion, and they effectively reduced weed density compared with the no-cover control in all years. Fall-seeded spring rye provided only partial soil-erosion protection and reduced weed density in only 1 of 3 yr. Dry bean emergence was 3 to 5 d slower in the crop residue treatments compared with the no-cover control, but crop density was not adversely affected. However, winter rye residue delayed dry bean maturity by 2 to 6 d. Fall-applied granular ethalfluralin followed by POST bentazon/imazethapyr or imazamox provided the most effective weed control. A sole POST imazamox application also provided good weed control when weed densities were reduced by winter rye residue or wheat stubble. Overall, results indicate that with suitable herbicide programs, similar yields were attained when dry bean was seeded directly into crop stubble or cover crop residues compared with the no-cover control. Information gained in this study will be used to encourage greater farmer adoption of conservation tillage practices for dry bean production on the Canadian prairies.

Keywords

Bentazonethalfluralinimazamoximazethapyrcanola, Brassica napus L.dry bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L.rye, Secale cereale L.wheat, Triticum aestivum L.Cover cropsdry bean yieldintegrated weed managementsustainable agriculturezero tillage
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 22 , Issue 1 , March 2008 , pp. 168 - 176
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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