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Influence of Two Herbicides on Soybean Cyst Nematode (Heterodera glycines) Reproduction on Henbit (Lamium amplexicaule) Roots

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Rodrigo Werle ,
Mark L. Bernards ,
Loren J. Giesler  and
John L. Lindquist
Rodrigo Werle
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583
Mark L. Bernards
Affiliation:
Western Illinois University, Macomb, IL 61455
Loren J. Giesler
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583
John L. Lindquist*
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: jlindquist1@unl.edu
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Abstract

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is the most yield-limiting pathogen of soybean in the United States. Henbit is a prevalent winter annual weed species in no-till fields and is reported to be an alternative host of SCN. A greenhouse study was conducted to evaluate how the development of SCN on henbit roots was affected by herbicide mode of action and time of herbicide application. Henbit plants were grown in watertight pots placed in a water bath bench that kept soil temperature constant (27 ± 1 C) during the study. Ten d after transplanting, pots were inoculated with approximately 1,000 SCN eggs. At 7, 14, or 21 d after inoculation (DAI), henbit plants were sprayed with recommended dose of either glyphosate (870 g ae ha−1) or 2,4-D (1,070 g ae ha−1). The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with five replications per treatment, and two experimental runs separated in time. At 28 DAI, the total number of SCN cysts and eggs, and plant shoot and root dry weight per pot were determined. Henbit root and shoot biomass increased as the time of herbicide application was delayed. Glyphosate reduced root biomass more than 2,4-D, but no differences in shoot biomass were detected. The number of SCN cysts per henbit plant and eggs per cyst increased as the herbicide application was delayed from 7 to 21 DAI. Glyphosate reduced the number of cysts found on henbit roots more than 2,4-D, especially at earlier application times. On plants treated with glyphosate, SCN-females produced only half the number of eggs of SCN-females on henbit plants treated with 2,4-D, regardless of time of application. These results indicate that early control of henbit plants, especially with glyphosate, can reduce SCN reproduction potential in SCN infested fields.

El nematodo quístico de la soya (SCN) es el patógeno que limita más los rendimientos de la soya en los Estados Unidos. Lamium amplexicaule es una maleza anual de invierno prevalente en campos con labranza cero y que ha sido reportada como un hospedero alternativo de SCN. Se realizó un estudio de invernadero para evaluar cómo el desarrollo de SCN en raíces de L. amplexicaule fue afectado según el modo de acción y el momento de aplicación de herbicidas. Las plantas de L. amplexicaule fueron crecidas en macetas impermeables colocadas en un baño de agua manteniendo el suelo a temperatura constante (27 ± 1 C) durante el estudio. Diez días después del trasplante, las macetas fueron inoculadas con aproximadamente 1,000 huevos de SCN. Las plantas de L. amplexicaule fueron asperjadas con las dosis recomendadas de glyphosate (870 g ae ha−1) o 2,4-D (1,070 g ae ha−1) a 7, 14 ó 21 días después de la inoculación (DAI). El experimento fue arreglado en un diseño de bloques completos al azar con cinco repeticiones por tratamiento, y dos corridas experimentales realizadas en diferentes momentos. A 28 DAI se determinó el total de números de quistes y huevos de SCN, y el peso seco de la parte aérea y de las raíces de las plantas en cada maceta. La biomasa de las raíces y la parte aérea incrementó conforme se retrasó el momento de aplicación. Glyphosate redujo la biomasa de las raíces más que el 2,4-D, pero no se detectaron diferencias en la biomasa de la parte aérea. El número de quistes de SCN por planta y de huevos por quiste incrementó al retrasarse la aplicación del herbicida de 7 a 21 DAI. Glyphosate redujo el número de quistes que se encontraron en las raíces de L. amplexicaule más que 2,4-D, especialmente en las aplicaciones más tempranas. En las plantas tratadas con glyphosate, las hembras de SCN produjeron la mitad del número de huevos que las hembras en plantas tratadas con 2,4-D sin importar el momento de aplicación. Estos resultados indican que el control temprano de plantas de L. amplexicaule, especialmente con glyphosate, pueden reducir el potencial de reproducción de SCN en campos infestados con este patógeno.

Keywords

Glyphosate2,4-Dhenbit, Lamium amplexicaule L. LAMAMsoybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘ASGROW 3005′soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines IchinoheNematode developmentSCN alternative hostshikimate pathwaywinter annual weed
Type
Weed Management—Major Crops
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 27 , Issue 1 , March 2013 , pp. 41 - 46
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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