Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-wq2xx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-24T12:11:39.068Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Herbicide-resistant weeds in the Canadian prairies: 2012 to 2017

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 December 2019

Hugh J. Beckie Open the ORCID record for Hugh J. Beckie [Opens in a new window] ,
Scott W. Shirriff ,
Julia Y. Leeson ,
Linda M. Hall ,
K. Neil Harker ,
Faye Dokken-Bouchard  and
Clark A. Brenzil
Hugh J. Beckie
Affiliation:
Weed Scientist, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; current: Professor, School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
Scott W. Shirriff
Affiliation:
Research Assistant (retired), AAFC, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
Julia Y. Leeson*
Affiliation:
Biologist, AAFC, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
Linda M. Hall
Affiliation:
Professor Emeritus, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
K. Neil Harker
Affiliation:
Weed Scientist (retired), AAFC, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada
Faye Dokken-Bouchard
Affiliation:
Past Director, Crop Protection Laboratory, Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
Clark A. Brenzil
Affiliation:
Weed Specialist, Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
*
Author for correspondence: Julia Y. Leeson, Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 0X2, Canada. (Email: julia.leeson@canada.ca)
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

This report updates the incidence of herbicide-resistant (HR) weeds across western Canada from the last report covering 2007 to 2011. This third round of preharvest surveys was conducted in Saskatchewan in 2014 and 2015, Manitoba in 2016, and Alberta in 2017, totaling 798 randomly selected cropped fields across 28 million ha. In addition, we screened 1,108 weed seed samples submitted by prairie growers or industry between 2012 and 2016. Of 578 fields where wild oat seed was collected, 398 (69%) had an HR biotype: 62% acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitor (WSSA Group 1) resistant, 34% acetolactate synthase inhibitor (Group 2) resistant, and 27% Group 1+2 resistant (vs. 41%, 12%, and 8%, respectively, in the previous second-round surveys from 2007 to 2009). The sharp increase in Group 2 resistance is the result of reliance on this site of action to manage Group 1 resistance and the resultant increased selection pressure. There are no POST options to control Group 1+2–HR wild oat in wheat or barley. The rise of Group 2 resistance in green foxtail (11% of sampled fields) and yellow foxtail (17% of Manitoba fields), which was not detected in the previous survey round, parallels the results for wild oat resistance. Various Group 2–HR populations of broadleaf weeds were confirmed, with cleavers and field pennycress being most abundant. Results of submission-sample testing reflected survey results. Although not included in this study, a postharvest survey in Alberta in 2017 indicated widespread Groups 2, 4 (dicamba), and 9 (glyphosate) resistance in kochia and Group 2 resistance in Russian thistle. These surveys bring greater awareness of HR weeds to growers and land managers at local and regional levels, and highlight the urgency to preserve herbicide susceptibility in our key economic weed species.

Keywords

Acetolactate synthase inhibitoracetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitordicambaglyphosateCleavers, Galium spp.field pennycress, Thlaspi arvense L.green foxtail, Setaria viridis (L.) P. Beauv.kochia, Bassia scoparia (L.) A. J. ScottRussian thistle, Salsola tragus L.wild oat, Avena fatua L.yellow foxtail, Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roem. & SchultACCase inhibitorALS inhibitorherbicide resistanceresistance managementsurvey
Type
Education/Extension
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 34 , Issue 3 , June 2020 , pp. 461 - 474
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2019

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Associate Editor: Amit Jhala, University of Nebraska, Lincoln

References

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (2003) A national ecological framework for Canada: GIS data. http://sis.agr.gc.ca/cansis/nsdb/ecostrat/gis–data.html. Accessed: March 5, 2019Google Scholar
Anonymous (2019) Guide to crop protection. Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada: Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture. 692 pGoogle Scholar
Beckie, HJ, Hall, LM, Shirriff, SW, Martin, E, Leeson, JY (2019a) Triple-resistant kochia [Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad.] in Alberta. Can J Plant Sci 99:281–285CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beckie, HJ, Hall, LM, Shirriff, SW, Martin, E, Leeson, JY (2019b) Glyphosate and acetolactate synthase inhibitor resistance in Russian thistle (Salsola tragus L.) in Alberta. Can J Plant Sci 99:384–387CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beckie, HJ, Harker, KN (2017) Our top 10 herbicide-resistant weed management practices. Pest Manag Sci 73:1045–1052CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beckie, HJ, Heap, IM, Smeda, RJ, Hall, LM (2000) Screening for herbicide resistance in weeds. Weed Technol 14:428–445CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beckie, HJ, Leeson, JY, Thomas, AG, Brenzil, CA, Hall, LM, Holzgang, G, Lozinski, C, Shirriff, S (2008) Weed resistance monitoring in the Canadian prairies. Weed Technol 22:530–543CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beckie, HJ, Lozinski, C, Shirriff, S, Brenzil, CA (2013) Herbicide-resistant weeds in the Canadian prairies: 2007 to 2011. Weed Technol 27:171–183CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beckie, HJ, Warwick, SI, Sauder, CA (2012a) Basis for herbicide resistance in Canadian populations of wild oat (Avena fatua). Weed Sci 60:10–18CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beckie, HJ, Warwick, SI, Sauder, CA, Kelln, GM, Lozinski, C (2012b) Acetolactate synthase inhibitor-resistant false cleavers (Galium spurium) in western Canada. Weed Technol 26:151–155CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Broster, JC, Koetz, EA, Wu, H (2011) Herbicide resistance in wild oats (Avena spp.) in southern New South Wales. Plant Prot Q 26:106–107Google Scholar
Hall, LM, Beckie, HJ, Low, R, Shirriff, SW, Blackshaw, RE, Kimmel, N, Neeser, C (2014) Survey of glyphosate-resistant kochia (Kochia scoparia L. Schrad.) in Alberta. Can J Plant Sci 94:127–130CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heap, IM (2019) International Survey of Herbicide Resistant Weeds. http://www.weedscience.org. Accessed: October 23, 2019Google Scholar
Leeson, JY (2016) Saskatchewan Weed Survey of Cereal, Oilseed and Pulse Crops in 2014 and 2015. Weed Survey Series Publ. 16-1. Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 371 pGoogle Scholar
Leeson, JY, Gaultier, J, Grenkow, L (2017) Manitoba Weed Survey of Annual Crops in 2016. Weed Survey Series Publ. 17-2. Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 213 pGoogle Scholar
Leeson, JY, Hall, LM, Neeser, C, Tidemann, B, Harker, KN (2019) Alberta Weed Survey of Annual Crops in 2017. Weed Survey Series Publ. 19-1. Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada: Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaGoogle Scholar
McDonald, JH (2014) Handbook of Biological Statistics. 3rd edn. Baltimore, MD: Sparky House Publishing. 305 pGoogle Scholar
Norsworthy, JK, Ward, SM, Shaw, DR, Llewellyn, RS, Nichols, RL, Webster, TM, Bradley, KW, Frisvold, G, Powles, SB, Burgos, NR, Witt, WW, Barrett, M (2012) Reducing the risks of herbicide resistance: best management practices and recommendations. Weed Sci 60 (sp 1):31–62Google Scholar
Owen, MJ, Powles, SB (2009) Distribution and frequency of herbicide-resistant wild oat (Avena spp.) across the Western Australian grain belt. Crop Pasture Sci 60:25–31CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Owen, MJ, Powles, SB (2016) The frequency of herbicide-resistant wild oat (Avena spp.) populations remains stable in Western Australian cropping fields. Crop Pasture Sci 67:520527CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Statistics Canada (2017) Farm and farm operator data. 2016 Census of agriculture. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/95-640-x/95-640-x2016001-eng.htm. Accessed: March 5, 2019Google Scholar
Thomas, AG (1985) Weed survey system used in Saskatchewan for cereal and oilseed crops. Weed Sci 33:34–43CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Travlos, IS, Giannopolitis, CN, Economou, G (2011) Diclofop resistance in sterile wild oat (Avena sterilis L.) in wheat fields in Greece and its management by other post-emergence herbicides. Crop Prot 30:1449–1454CrossRefGoogle Scholar