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Grafting Imparts Glyphosate Resistance in Soybean

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Linjian Jiang ,
Xiulan Xu ,
Zhaohu Li  and
Douglas Doohan
Linjian Jiang
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center/The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio 44691
Xiulan Xu
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center/The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio 4469
Zhaohu Li
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, 2#, Yuanmingyuan Xilu, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
Douglas Doohan*
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center/The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio 44691
*
Corresponding author's Email: lizhaohu@cau.edu.cn; doohan.1@osu.edu
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Abstract

Grafting is a widely-adopted cultural method to incorporate desired traits of rootstock with those of the scion and has been used successfully to address many biotic and abiotic stresses, including drought/waterlogging, insects, and diseases. However, it is not known if a herbicide resistance trait can be transferred across a graft union. Using Roundup Ready® (RR; glyphosate-resistant) soybean grafted with conventional (CN; nontransgenic and glyphosate-sensitive) soybean, we show that grafting is capable of transferring glyphosate resistance from RR rootstocks to CN scions. Grafts of CN/CN (scion/rootstock), CN/RR, RR/CN, and RR/RR were treated with potassium salt of glyphosate at 0.28, 0.84 and 1.68 kg ae ha−1. The CN/RR plants survived glyphosate treatment at 0.84 and 1.68 kg ha−1 while CN/CN plants were killed, indicating that glyphosate resistance is systemically mobile across the graft union. Intraspecies transfer of glyphosate resistance was unidirectional from root to shoot, since RR/CN plants were killed by glyphosate. The glyphosate resistance trait is conferred by CP4 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (CP4-EPSPS); therefore, we further examined whether CP4-EPSPS played a role in the phenomenon. CP4-EPSPS was detected in the CN scion of CN/RR plants by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) but only 0.001% of that detected in RR leaf. This concentration is unlikely to have contributed significantly to the glyphosate resistance observed in CN/RR plants. Amino acid systemic trafficking and/or tissue specific glyphosate resistance are more likely the reasons for this phenomenon. These results show that grafting a transgenic herbicide-resistant rootstock to a nonresistant scion can confer resistance to the entire plant.

El injertar es una práctica cultural ampliamente adoptada para combinar caracteres deseados de un patrón con aquellos del injerto y ha sido utilizada exitosamente para lidiar con muchos estreses bióticos y abióticos, incluyendo sequía/inundación, insectos y enfermedades. Sin embargo, no se sabe si el carácter de resistencia a herbicidas puede ser transferido a través de la unión del injerto. Usando soya resistente a glyphosate (RR) injertada con soya no resistente a glyphosate (CN), nosotros demostramos que los injertos son capaces de transferir la resistencia a glyphosate de un patrón resistente a tejido convencional injertado. Injertos de CN/CN (injerto/patrón), CN/RR, RR/CN, y RR/RR fueron tratados con sal potásica de glyphosate a 0.28, 0.84 y 1.68 kg ae ha−1. Las plantas CN/RR sobrevivieron al tratamiento con glyphosate a 0.84 y 1.68 kg ha−1, mientras que las plantas CN/CN murieron, lo que indica que la resistencia a glyphosate es móvil sistémicamente a través de la unión en el injerto. En vista de que glyphosate mató a las plantas RR/CN, la transferencia intra-específica de resistencia a glyphosate fue unidireccional desde la raíz al tejido aéreo,. El carácter de resistencia a glyphosate es conferido por CP4 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (CP4-EPSPS), por lo que examinamos si CP4-EPSPS jugó algún rol en el fenómeno observado. por medio de un ensayo de inmunoabsorción ligado a enzimas (ELISA), se detectó CP4-EPSPS en el injerto CN de plantas CN/RR, pero solamente un 0.001% de los niveles detectados en hojas RR. Esta concentración es poco probable que haya contribuido en forma significativa a la resistencia a glyphosate observada en plantas CN/RR. Tráfico sistémico de amino ácidos y/o resistencia a glyphosate en tejidos específicos son probablemente las razones que explican este fenómeno. Estos resultados muestras que injertar tejido sin resistencia a herbicidas sobre un patrón resistente puede conferir resistencia a toda la planta.

Keywords

Glyphosatesoybean, Glycine max (L.) MerrCP4-EPSPSgene flowglyphosate resistanceintraspecies trafficking
Type
Notes
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 27 , Issue 2 , June 2013 , pp. 412 - 416
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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