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Comparison of the effects of ammonium nonanoate and an essential oil herbicide on weed control efficacy and water use efficiency of pumpkin

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 October 2021

Ved Parkash Open the ORCID record for Ved Parkash [Opens in a new window] ,
Rupinder Saini Open the ORCID record for Rupinder Saini [Opens in a new window] ,
Manpreet Singh Open the ORCID record for Manpreet Singh [Opens in a new window]  and
Sukhbir Singh Open the ORCID record for Sukhbir Singh [Opens in a new window]
Ved Parkash
Affiliation:
Graduate Student, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, USA
Rupinder Saini*
Affiliation:
Research Assistant Professor, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
Manpreet Singh
Affiliation:
Graduate Student, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
Sukhbir Singh
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Rupinder Saini, Research Assistant Professor, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Bayer Plant Science Building, Lubbock, TX 79409 Email: r.saini@ttu.edu
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Abstract

Weed management is one of the major challenges responsible for growers’ reluctance to switch from conventional to organic vegetable production. Competition from uncontrolled weeds can significantly reduce the yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of vegetable crops. A field study was conducted during the summers of 2019 and 2020 at the Quaker Research Farm of Texas Tech University, in Lubbock, TX, to determine physiology, plant growth, yield, soil water depletion pattern, and WUE of pumpkin as affected by five weed control treatments: 1) ammonium nonanoate 5% ai, 2) ammonium nonanoate 6% ai, 3) clove oil + cinnamon oil 4.5% ai, 4) clove oil + cinnamon oil 9% ai, and 5) an untreated control. Each plot received the same herbicide treatment at 20 and 30 d after planting (DAP). The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications of each treatment. Both herbicides resulted in significant weed suppression compared to the untreated control and weed control was 88% to 98% with ammonium nonanoate and 39% to 69% with clove oil + cinnamon oil. Photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, shoot dry biomass, average fruit weight, total fruit yield, and WUE of pumpkin were significantly higher in plants that were treated with ammonium nonanoate compared to the untreated control. All the aforementioned parameters were not significantly different between clove oil + cinnamon oil and the untreated control. Use of higher active ingredient concentration did not improve the performance of either herbicide. Soil water depletion and evapotranspiration were comparable among all the treatments. Based on the results, ammonium nonanoate at its lower concentration could be an option for effective weed control, and for improving fruit yield and WUE of pumpkin.

Keywords

ammonium nonanoateclove oilcinnamon oilpumpkinCucurbita pepo L.ammonium nonanoateclove oilcinnamon oilphotosynthesis ratestomatal conductancewater use efficiencyweed densityweed controlsoil water depletion
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 36 , Issue 1 , February 2022 , pp. 64 - 72
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Weed Science Society of America

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Peter J. Dittmar, University of Florida

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