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Common Cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) Resistance to Selected ALS-Inhibiting Herbicides

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Christy L. Sprague ,
Edward W. Stoller  and
Loyd M. Wax
Christy L. Sprague
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Crop Protection Research Unit, Department of Crop Science, University of Illinois, 1102 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801
Edward W. Stoller
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Crop Protection Research Unit, Department of Crop Science, University of Illinois, 1102 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801
Loyd M. Wax
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Crop Protection Research Unit, Department of Crop Science, University of Illinois, 1102 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801
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Abstract

Five biotypes of common cocklebur that were not controlled with acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides were tested in greenhouse and laboratory studies to determine the magnitude of resistance and cross-resistance to four ALS-inhibiting herbicides. In vivo inhibition of ALS was also evaluated. Based on phytotoxicity, all five ALS-resistant biotypes of common cocklebur were > 390 times more resistant than the susceptible biotype to imazethapyr. However, only four of these biotypes were also resistant to another imidazolinone, imazaquin. Two biotypes were cross-resistant to the sulfonylurea, chlorimuron, and the triazolopyrimidine sulfonanilide, NAF-75. One biotype demonstrated intermediate susceptibility to imazaquin, chlorimuron, and NAF-75. In all cases, the resistance exhibited at the whole plant level was associated with an insensitive ALS.

Keywords

Chlorimuron, 2-[[[[(4-chloro-6-methoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]amino] sulfonyl]benzoic acidimazaquin, 2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-3-quinolinecarboxylic acidimazethapyr, 2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-5-ethyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acidNAF-75, N-(2-carboxymethyl-6-chlorophenyl)-5-ethoxy-7-fluoro(1,2,4)triazolo-(1,5c)-pyrimidine-2-sulfonamidecommon cocklebur, Xanthium strumarium L. # XANSTHerbicide resistancecross-resistanceacetolactate synthaseALS, acetolactate synthase (E.C.4.13.18)CPCA, 1,1-cyclopropane-dicarboxylic acidDAT, days after treatmentGR50, 50% growth reductionHAT, hours after treatmentI50, 50% ALS inhibition
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 11 , Issue 2 , June 1997 , pp. 241 - 247
Copyright
Copyright © 1997 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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