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Combinations of Corn Gluten Meal, Clove Oil, and Sweep Cultivation are Ineffective for Weed Control in Organic Peanut Production

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

W. Carroll Johnson III ,
Mark A. Boudreau  and
Jerry W. Davis
W. Carroll Johnson III*
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Tifton Campus, P. O. Box 748, Tifton, GA 31793-0748
Mark A. Boudreau
Affiliation:
Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
Jerry W. Davis
Affiliation:
University of Georgia, Griffin Campus, Griffin, GA 30223
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: Carroll.Johnson@ars.usda.gov
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Abstract

Weed control in organic peanut is difficult and lack of residual weed control complicates weed management efforts. Weed management systems using corn gluten meal in combination with clove oil and sweep cultivation were evaluated in a series of irrigated field trials. Corn gluten meal applied in a 30 cm band over the row at PRE, sequentially at PRE+2 wk after emergence, and PRE+2wk+4wk did not adequately control annual grasses and smallflower morningglory. Similarly, a banded application of clove oil applied POST did not adequately control weeds. The only treatment that improved overall weed control was sweep cultivation. Peanut yields were not measured in 2006 due to heavy baseline weed densities and overall poor weed control. Peanut yields were measured in 2007 and were not affected by any weed control treatment due to poor efficacy. While sweep cultivation improved weed control, weeds were controlled only in the row middles and surviving weeds in-row reduced peanut yield. Even when used in combination with sweep cultivation, corn gluten meal and clove oil were ineffective and offer little potential in a weed management system for organic peanut production.

El control de malezas en maní orgánico es difícil, y la carencia de control residual complica aún más los esfuerzos para el manejo de malezas. Se evaluaron sistemas de manejo de malezas incluyendo harina de gluten de maíz en combinación con aceite de trébol y con cultivadores de barrido en una serie de ensayos de campo bajo riego. El gluten de maíz aplicado en una banda de 30 cm sobre la línea de siembra en PRE, secuencialmente a PRE+2 semanas (wk) después de la siembra, y PRE+2wk+4wk no controló adecuadamente malezas gramíneas anuales ni Jacquemontia tamnifolia. Similarmente, una aplicación en banda de aceite de trébol realizada POST no controló adecuadamente las malezas. El único tratamiento que mejoró en forma general el control de malezas fue el cultivo de barrido. Los rendimientos del maní no fueron medidos en 2006 debido a las altas densidades de malezas iniciales y al pobre control de malezas. Los rendimientos del maní se determinaron en 2007 y no fueron afectados por ninguno de los tratamientos de malezas debido a su baja eficacia. Mientras que el cultivo de barrido mejoró el control, las malezas fueron controladas solamente en las zonas centrales entre las líneas de siembra y las malezas que sobrevivieron sobre las líneas de siembra redujeron el rendimiento del maní. Inclusive al usarse en combinación con cultivo de barrido, el gluten de maíz y el aceite de trébol no fueron efectivos y ofrecen muy poco potencial de control en sistemas de manejo de malezas para la producción orgánica de maní.

Keywords

Clove oilcorn gluten mealcrowfootgrass, Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willdgoosegrass, Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertnsmallflower morningglory, Jacquemontia tamnifolia (L.) Grisebsouthern crabgrass, Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) KoelTexas millet, Urochloa texana (Buckl.) R. Websterpeanut, Arachis hypogaea L.Clove oilcorn gluten mealcultivationmechanical weed controlorganic peanut productionorganic weed control
Type
Notes
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 27 , Issue 2 , June 2013 , pp. 417 - 421
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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