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Broadleaf Weed Control with Sulfonylurea Herbicides in Cool-Season Turfgrass

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Jeffrey F. Derr
Jeffrey F. Derr*
Affiliation:
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science, Hampton Roads Agriculture Research and Extension Center, 1444 Diamond Springs Road, Virginia Beach, VA 23455
*
Corresponding author's E-mail address: jderr@vt.edu
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Abstract

Broadleaf weeds are common and troublesome pests in cool-season turfgrass species such as tall fescue, Kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, and creeping bentgrass. Broadleaf weeds are primarily managed in these grasses through POST applications of growth regulator herbicides in the phenoxy, benzoic acid, and pyridine chemical classes. There are disadvantages to use of these chemicals, including nontarget plant damage and limited residual control. Certain annual broadleaf weeds can be controlled through application of isoxaben or a PRE crabgrass herbicide, but these herbicides do not control emerged broadleaf weeds. There are advantages to use of sulfonylurea herbicides, including PRE and POST control of annual and perennial weeds, a different mode of action, and these herbicides have low vapor pressure, reducing the potential for offsite movement. There are disadvantages to the use of sulfonylurea herbicides, including limited spectrum of broadleaf weed species controlled and limited tolerance in cool-season turfgrass species. The primary sulfonylurea herbicides used in cool-season turfgrass are chlorsulfuron, halosulfuron, metsulfuron, and sulfosulfuron. There have been specialized uses for primisulfuron and tribenuron-methyl.

Las malezas de hoja ancha son plagas comunes y problemáticas en las especies de césped de época fría tales como Festuca arundinacea, Poa pratensis, Lolium perenne y Agrostis stolonifera. Las malezas de hoja ancha son manejadas primordialmente en estos céspedes a través de aplicaciones POST de herbicidas reguladores de crecimiento del tipo fenoxi, ácido benzoico y piridina. Existen desventajas del uso de estos químicos, incluyendo el daño a plantas no objetivo y un control residual limitado. Ciertas malezas anuales de hoja ancha pueden ser controladas a través de aplicaciones de isoxaben o un herbicida pre emergente para Digitaria, pero estos herbicidas no controlan las malezas de hoja ancha emergidas. Existen ventajas al usar herbicidas sulfonylurea (un modo de acción diferente), incluyendo el control pre-emergente y pos-emergente de malezas anuales y perenes; estos herbicidas tienen baja presión de vapor lo que reduce el potencial de movimiento fuera del sitio de control. Existen desventajas cuando se usan herbicidas sulfonylurea, incluyendo un espectro limitado de control de especies de malezas de hoja ancha y una tolerancia limitada en las especies de céspedes de época fría. Los principales herbicidas sulfonylurea usados en céspedes de época fría son: chlorsulfuron, halosulfuron, metsulfuron y sulfosulfuron. Ha habido usos especializados para primisulfuron y tribenuron-methyl.

Keywords

Chlorsulfuronhalosulfuronmetsulfuronprimisulfuronsulfosulfurontribenuron-methylcreeping bentgrass, Agrostis stolonifera L.tall fescue, Festuca arundinacea Schrebperennial ryegrass, Lolium perenne L.Kentucky bluegrass, Poa pratensis L.Annual broadleaf weedsperennial broadleaf weedsPRE herbicidesPOST herbicideslawnsseed production
Type
Symposium
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 26 , Issue 3 , September 2012 , pp. 582 - 586
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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